Electronic device

Abstract

The invention discloses an electronic device. The electronic device comprises a base, a connecting substrate, a display unit and an actuating element, the connecting substrate is arranged on the base. The display unit is disposed on the connection substrate. The actuating element is disposed on the connection substrate or the display unit. The display unit presents a user interface, and the user interface comprises at least one function pattern. In a normal direction of the display unit, the actuating element overlaps the at least one functional pattern.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to electronic devices, and more particularly to an electronic device having an actuating element for driving a display unit. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of technology, electronic devices are becoming increasingly common. However, current electronic devices are not satisfactory in all aspects (such as appearance, display quality, and reliability). Therefore, solving these problems is an important issue. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Some embodiments of the present invention provide an electronic device, including: a base, a connecting substrate, a display unit, and an actuating element. The connecting substrate is disposed on the base. The display unit is disposed on the connecting substrate. The actuating element is disposed on the connecting substrate or the display unit. The display unit presents a user interface, the user interface including at least one functional pattern, and the actuating element overlaps with at least one functional pattern in the normal direction of the display unit.

[0004] To make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, some embodiments are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0005] The various aspects disclosed in this invention can be fully understood from the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, in accordance with industry standard practice, the various features are not drawn to scale and are for illustrative purposes only. In fact, the dimensions of the elements may be arbitrarily enlarged or reduced to clearly demonstrate the features of the invention.

[0006] Figure 1 This is a perspective schematic diagram of an electronic device according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0007] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an electronic device according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0008] Figures 3A to 3E This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a force sensing unit according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0009] Figures 4A to 4C This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of an electronic device according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0010] Figures 5A to 5H This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the buffer portion of a buffer member according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0011] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an electronic device according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an electronic device according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an electronic device according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an electronic device according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an electronic device according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0016] Symbol Explanation

[0017] 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60: Electronic devices

[0018] 100: Base

[0019] 110: Connecting substrate

[0020] 120: Display Unit

[0021] 120A: Display Area

[0022] 120B: Surrounding Area

[0023] 122: User Interface

[0024] 124: Functional Patterns

[0025] 130, 170: Actuating element

[0026] 140, 160: Force sensing unit

[0027] 141:Actuating end

[0028] 142: Support end

[0029] 143, 144: Fasteners

[0030] 145, 146, 147: Bridging components

[0031] 150: Buffer

[0032] 152: Connector

[0033] 154: Buffer section

[0034] 154A: First Material

[0035] 154B: Second Material

[0036] 154C: Third Material

[0037] C, C1, C2, C3: Central axis

[0038] F: Force Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention can be understood by referring to the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, for ease of understanding and to maintain the simplicity of the drawings, many of the accompanying drawings depict only a portion of the electronic device, and specific elements in the drawings are not drawn to scale. Furthermore, the number and dimensions of the elements in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Additionally, similar and / or corresponding reference numerals may be used in different embodiments, merely to clearly describe some embodiments, and do not represent any association between the different embodiments and / or structures discussed.

[0040] Throughout this specification and the appended claims, certain terms are used to refer to specific elements. Those skilled in the art will understand that electronic device manufacturers may use different names to refer to the same elements. This document is not intended to distinguish between elements that have the same function but different names. In the following specification and claims, words such as "comprising," "containing," and "having" are open-ended terms and should therefore be interpreted as "containing but not limited to...". Thus, when the terms "comprising," "containing," and / or "having" are used in the description of this invention, they specify the presence of the corresponding feature, area, step, operation, and / or component, but do not exclude the presence of one or more of the corresponding feature, area, step, operation, and / or component.

[0041] Furthermore, relative terms such as "below" or "bottom" and "above" or "top" may be used in the embodiments to describe the relative relationship of one element to another in the figures. It is understood that if the apparatus in the figures is flipped so that it is upside down, the element described as being on the "below" side will become the element on the "above" side.

[0042] When a component (e.g., a membrane or region) is referred to as "on another component," it can be directly on that component, or there can be other components between them. Conversely, when a component is referred to as "directly on another component," there are no components between them. Furthermore, when a component is referred to as "on another component," the two components are vertically related in the planar view, and this component can be above or below the other component, depending on the orientation of the device.

[0043] It is understood that although terms such as "first," "second," etc., may be used herein to describe various elements, layers, and / or portions, these elements, layers, and / or portions should not be limited by these terms, and these terms are only used to distinguish different elements, layers, and / or portions. Therefore, a first element, layer, and / or portion discussed below may be referred to as a second element, layer, and / or portion without departing from the teachings of some embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, for the sake of brevity, the terms "first," "second," etc., may not be used in the specification to distinguish different elements. Without departing from the scope defined by the appended claims, the first and / or second elements recited in the claims may be interpreted as any element described in the specification.

[0044] Furthermore, the term "overlap" as used in this invention may include complete overlap or partial overlap.

[0045] It should be understood that, according to embodiments of the present invention, the depth, thickness, width, or height of each element, or the spacing or distance between elements, can be measured using an optical microscope (OM), a scanning electron microscope (SEM), an alpha-step thickness gauge, an ellipsometry, or other suitable methods. According to some embodiments, a scanning electron microscope can be used to obtain a cross-sectional image of the structure containing the element to be measured, and to measure the depth, thickness, width, or height of each element, or the spacing or distance between elements.

[0046] Furthermore, there may be a certain degree of error between any two values ​​or directions used for comparison. The terms "approximately," "equal to," "equivalent to," "identical," "substantially," or "roughly" are generally interpreted as being within 20% of the given value, or within the range of 10%, 5%, 3%, 2%, 1%, or 0.5% of the given value.

[0047] Furthermore, the term "electrical connection" may be used below. It should be understood that if this invention describes "the first element and the second element as electrically connected," it can be interpreted as the first element and the second element being electrically interconnected and controllable synchronously by a single operation. This may include situations where "other elements may exist between the first element and the second element to electrically connect them," or situations where "no other elements exist between the first element and the second element but they are directly electrically connected." If the text refers to the first element as "directly electrically connected" to the second element, it means "no other elements exist between the first element and the second element but they are directly electrically connected." Furthermore, the term "electrical insulation" may be used below. It should be understood that if this invention describes "the first element and the second element as electrically insulated," it can be interpreted as the first element and the second element being electrically separated and not interconnected, nor controllable synchronously by a single operation.

[0048] It should be noted that the technical solutions provided in the different embodiments below can be substituted for, combined or mixed with each other to constitute another embodiment without violating the spirit of the present invention.

[0049] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. It is understood that these terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the background or context of the relevant art and the present invention, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal manner, unless specifically defined herein.

[0050] Figure 1 A perspective view of an electronic device 10 according to some embodiments of the present invention is shown. Figure 2The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of an electronic device 10 according to some embodiments of the present invention. The electronic device 10 may include a display device, a splicing device, a touch electronic device, a sensing device, an antenna device, a packaging device, a curved electronic device, or a non-rectangular electronic device, but is not limited thereto. The electronic device may include, for example, liquid crystal, light-emitting diode, fluorescence, phosphorescence, other suitable display media, or combinations thereof, but is not limited thereto. The display device may be a non-self-emissive display device or a self-emissive display device. The electronic device may include electronic components, which may be passive (passive) components or active (active) components, such as capacitors, resistors, inductors, diodes, driving components, transistors, etc. The diode may include a light-emitting diode (LED) or a photodiode. The light-emitting diode may include, for example, an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), a mini LED, a micro LED, or a quantum dot LED, but is not limited thereto. The splicing device can be, for example, a display splicing device, but is not limited thereto. The antenna device can be, for example, a liquid crystal antenna or a varactor diode antenna, but is not limited thereto. The packaging device can use wafer-level packaging (WLP) technology or panel-level packaging (PLP) technology, such as chip-first or reverse-dip cascading (RDL) processes. It should be noted that the electronic device can be any combination of the foregoing, but is not limited thereto. Furthermore, the electronic device can be a bendable or flexible electronic device. In addition, the shape of the electronic device can be rectangular, circular, polygonal, with curved edges, or other suitable shapes. The electronic device can have peripheral systems such as a drive system, control system, light source system, and shelving system to support the display device or splicing device.

[0051] The following paragraphs will describe the invention with reference to a portion of the structure of the electronic device 10, but the invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art will understand that the electronic device 10 may also include other structures or be equipped with suitable electronic components to perform the intended functions.

[0052] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the electronic device 10 may include a base 100, a connecting substrate 110, a display unit 120, and an actuating element 130. The connecting substrate 110 is disposed on the base 100. The display unit 120 is disposed on the connecting substrate 110. The actuating element 130 is disposed on the display unit 120 and located between the display unit 120 and the connecting substrate 110. Specifically, in one embodiment, the base 100 may be fixedly connected to, for example, a vehicle body, various vehicle brackets, frames, other fixed brackets, fixing devices, or another movable / immovable mechanism or device, but is not limited thereto. The connecting substrate 110 is movably connected to the base 100, thereby enabling the actuating element 130 to drive the display unit 120 to vibrate relative to the base 100. In one embodiment, the term "movable" may, for example, mean that the connecting substrate 110 can be displaced, rotated, vibrated, etc., relative to the base 100 in any direction, but is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the display unit 120 may present a user interface 122, which includes at least one functional pattern 124. The actuating element 130 overlaps with the functional pattern 124 in the normal direction (e.g., the Z direction) of the display unit 120. The display unit 120 includes a display area 120A and a peripheral area 120B surrounding the display area 120A. For example, the display area 120A may be defined as the area where the display unit 120 presents the user interface 122, and the peripheral area 120B may be defined as the area surrounding the user interface 122 that does not display any information, but the invention is not limited thereto.

[0053] In some embodiments, the base 100 and the connecting substrate 110 may, for example, comprise a rigid or flexible substrate. The materials of the base 100 and the connecting substrate 110 may include, for example, metal, glass, ceramic, sapphire, plastic, or other suitable substrates. In some embodiments, the base 100 and the connecting substrate 110 may be a single-layer or multi-layer structure. The plastic material may be, for example, polyimide (PI), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate (PC), polyether oxime (PES), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), or polyarylate (PAR), other suitable materials, or combinations thereof, but is not limited thereto.

[0054] In some embodiments, the display unit 120 may be a non-self-emissive display device or a self-emissive display device. The display unit 120 may include electronic components, which may be passive or active components, such as capacitors, resistors, inductors, diodes, driving elements, transistors, etc. The diode may include a light-emitting diode (LED) or a photodiode. The LED may include, for example, an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), a mini LED, a micro LED, or a quantum dot LED, but is not limited thereto. The display unit 120 may include a substrate and a polarizing film (not shown separately), wherein the polarizing film may be located on the upper and lower sides of the substrate. For example, the substrate can be a flexible or non-flexible substrate, and the substrate material can include, for example, glass, sapphire, ceramic, plastic, or other suitable materials. The plastic material can be, for example, polyimide (PI), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate (PC), polyether oxime (PES), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polynaphthalene ethylene glycol (PEN), or polyarylate (PAR), other suitable materials, or combinations thereof, but is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the display unit 120 may be provided with a liquid crystal layer (not shown), which may include nematic liquid crystal, smectic liquid crystal, cholesteric liquid crystal, blue phase liquid crystal, or any other suitable liquid crystal material.

[0055] For example, the actuating element 130 can drive the display unit 120 to vibrate relative to the base 100 in a horizontal direction (e.g., any direction parallel to the XY plane). However, the invention is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the actuating element 130 may be disposed on the lower surface of the display unit 120. In some embodiments, the actuating element 130 may be disposed on the lower or upper surface of the connecting substrate 110. Furthermore, in some embodiments, multiple actuating elements 130 may be stacked, that is, multiple actuating elements 130 may overlap each other in the normal direction (e.g., the Z direction) of the display unit 120. In this way, the driving force of the actuating element 130 can be enhanced.

[0056] Electronic device 10 may include one or more actuating elements 130. In some embodiments, the actuating element 130 may be disposed in the center of electronic device 10 to effectively drive display unit 120 to vibrate relative to base 100, but the invention is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the actuating element 130 may be disposed in any area of ​​display functional pattern 124. For example, display unit 120 may be divided into multiple areas, each of which is provided with at least one actuating element 130. In this way, vibration may be effectively generated in each area of ​​display unit 120, or tactile feedback may be provided to the user in a local area. In some embodiments, the actuating element 130 may (e.g., through its own vibration) provide inertial energy to display unit 120 to drive display unit 120 to vibrate relative to base 100. It should be understood that any actuating element 130 that can cause display unit 120 to vibrate is covered within the scope of the invention.

[0057] In some embodiments, the electronic device 10 may include a force sensing unit 140 connected to the display unit 120 and the connecting substrate 110. The force sensing unit 140 can be used to sense the force exerted by the user operating the electronic device 10 to provide corresponding feedback to the user. The force sensing unit 140 is located in the display area 120A, and in a direction perpendicular to the normal direction of the display unit 120 (e.g., the X or Y direction), the distance between the force sensing unit 140 and the peripheral area 120B is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 50 mm. In this way, the force sensing unit 140 can effectively detect the force exerted by the user operating the electronic device 10, thereby enabling the actuator 130 to provide corresponding feedback to the user. In some embodiments, the force sensing unit 140 may be disposed adjacent to various corners of the electronic device 10. This improves the accuracy of the force sensing unit 140 in detecting the force exerted by the user operating the electronic device 10, further enhancing the user experience of the electronic device 10. The following will refer to... Figures 3A to 3E Various embodiments of the force sensing unit 140 are further described below.

[0058] In some embodiments, the electronic device 10 further includes a buffer 150, with the base 100 connected to the connecting substrate 110. The buffer 150 can be used to block vibrations from the environment, reducing the risk of external interference affecting the user's operation of the electronic device 10. In some embodiments, the buffer 150 may be disposed adjacent to various corners of the electronic device 10, thereby stabilizing the electronic device 10. In some embodiments, the buffer 150 overlaps with the force sensing unit 140 in the normal direction (e.g., the Z direction) of the display unit 120, but the invention is not limited thereto. Reference will be made below. Figures 4A to 4C Various embodiments of the buffer 150 are further described.

[0059] Furthermore, it should be understood that components or elements that are the same or similar to those mentioned above will be indicated by the same or similar designations, and their materials and functions are the same or similar to those described above. Therefore, this part will not be repeated in the following text.

[0060] Figures 3A to 3E A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a force sensing unit 140 according to some embodiments of the present invention is shown. Figure 3A As shown, the force sensing unit 140 includes an actuating end 141 and a supporting end 142 opposite to the actuating end 141. The actuating end 141 can be connected to the display unit 120, while the supporting end 142 can be connected to the connecting substrate 110. The actuating end 141 and the supporting end 142 can be offset from each other and extend parallel to each other. In other words, in the normal direction (e.g., the Z direction) of the display unit 120, the actuating end 141 and the supporting end 142 can not overlap each other. In some embodiments, the actuating end 141 can be integrally formed with the display unit 120, and the supporting end 142 can be integrally formed with the connecting substrate 110, thereby simplifying the assembly and manufacturing process of the electronic device 10. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. The bridging member 145 is fixed to the actuating end 141 and the supporting end 142 by fasteners 143 and 144 respectively to form the force sensing unit 140. For example, the bridging member 145 can be made of a metal material to have sufficient structural strength, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0061] In some embodiments, a force sensor (not shown) may be provided on the bridging member 145. When a user applies a force F to the display unit 120, the display unit 120 moves downwards (e.g., in the Z direction) in response to the force F, as indicated by the arrow. This causes deformation of the bridging member 145. The force sensor can determine the force exerted by the user on the electronic device 10 based on the deformation of the bridging member 145. In this embodiment, the force sensing unit 140 includes a single set of actuating ends 141 and corresponding support ends 142, thereby allowing the force sensing unit 140 to be positioned in a smaller given area, suitable for small-sized electronic devices 10.

[0062] It should be noted that, Figures 3B to 3E The force sensing unit 140 shown may include, with Figure 3A The force sensing unit 140 shown has the same or similar structure or parts, which will be indicated by the same or similar reference numerals, and will not be described in detail below for the sake of brevity. Figure 3BAs shown, the force sensing unit 140 includes two actuating ends 141 and a supporting end 142 opposite to the actuating ends 141. Similarly, the bridging member 145 is fixed to the actuating end 141 and the supporting end 142 respectively by fasteners 143 and 144 to form the force sensing unit 140. In this embodiment, the supporting end 142 is located between the two actuating ends 141. Force sensors (not shown) may be provided on the portions of the bridging member 145 located on both sides of the supporting end 142. Figure 3C As shown, the force sensing unit 140 includes an actuating end 141 and two supporting ends 142 opposite to the actuating end 141. Similarly, a bridging member 145 is fixed to the actuating end 141 and the supporting ends 142 by fasteners 143 and 144 respectively to form the force sensing unit 140. In this embodiment, the actuating end 141 is located between the two supporting ends 142. Force sensors (not shown) may be provided on the portions of the bridging member 145 located on both sides of the actuating end 141. By providing multiple actuating ends 141 and / or supporting ends 142, the force exerted by the user on the electronic device 10 can be detected more accurately, or the detection range of the force sensing unit 140 can be expanded.

[0063] like Figure 3D As shown, the force sensing unit 140 includes an actuating end 141 and a supporting end 142 opposite to the actuating end 141. The actuating end 141 can be connected to the display unit 120, while the supporting end 142 can be connected to the connecting substrate 110. In this embodiment, the actuating end 141 and the supporting end 142 can overlap along the central axis C in the normal direction (e.g., the Z direction) of the display unit 120. In some embodiments, the bridging member 146 can be U-shaped and fixed to the actuating end 141 and the supporting end 142 by fasteners 143 and 144, respectively, to form the force sensing unit 140. In some embodiments, a force sensor (not shown) can be provided on the bridging member 146, which can determine the force exerted by the user on the electronic device 10 based on the deformation of the bridging member 146 caused by the movement of the display unit 120. By providing the overlapping actuating end 141 and the supporting end 142, the space required for the force sensing unit 140 can be reduced, which is beneficial for miniaturizing the electronic device 10.

[0064] like Figure 3EAs shown, the force sensing unit 140 includes an actuating end 141 and two supporting ends 142 opposite to the actuating end 141. The actuating end 141 can be connected to the display unit 120, while the supporting ends 142 can be connected to the connecting substrate 110. In this embodiment, the actuating end 141 can extend along a central axis C1 (e.g., parallel to the Z direction), while the two supporting ends 142 extend along central axes C2 and C3 (e.g., not parallel to the Z direction), and the central axes C1, C2, and C3 are not parallel to each other. For example, if the central axes C1, C2, and C3 are extended, they can intersect above the display unit 120, but the invention is not limited thereto. In this embodiment, the top surface of the supporting end 142 may not be parallel to the horizontal plane (e.g., the XY plane). In some embodiments, the bridging member 147 can be inclined relative to the horizontal plane (e.g., the XY plane) and fixed to the actuating end 141 and the supporting end 142 by fasteners 143 and 144, respectively, to form the force sensing unit 140. Similarly, a force sensor (not shown) may be provided on the bridging member 147, which can determine the force exerted by the user on the electronic device 10 based on the deformation of the bridging member 147 caused by the movement of the display unit 120. By setting the central axes C1, C2, and C3 of the actuating end 141 and the supporting end 142 to extend in different directions, the risk of the force sensing unit 140 interfering with other components (e.g., power supply) can be reduced.

[0065] Figures 4A to 4C A partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 according to some embodiments of the present invention is shown. For example... Figure 4A As shown, the buffer 150 includes a connector 152 and a buffer portion 154 surrounding the connector 152. In this embodiment, the connector 152 of the buffer 150 connects the display unit 120 and the connecting substrate 110. The buffer portion 154 includes a cushioning material to reduce or absorb vibrations from the external environment, reducing the risk that vibrations may affect the accuracy of user operation of the display unit 120. Since the buffer 150 only needs to support the display unit 120, the limitations on the load-bearing capacity of the buffer 150 can be reduced. The position of the buffer 150 can be changed according to requirements or in accordance with its load-bearing capacity. Figure 3B As shown, the connector 152 of the buffer 150 connects the base 100 and the connecting substrate 110. Because the buffer 150 is closer to the source of external vibration, it can more effectively absorb vibrations from the outside. Figure 4C As shown, buffers 150 can be provided between the display unit 120 and the connecting substrate 110, and between the base 100 and the connecting substrate 110, to achieve a more complete shock damping effect.

[0066] Figures 5A to 5H This diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the buffer portion 154 of the buffer member 150 according to some embodiments of the present invention. Figure 5AAs shown, the buffer portion 154 comprises two materials with different elastic moduli. For example, the upper part of the buffer portion 154 faces the display unit 120, while the lower part of the buffer portion 154 faces the base 100. In some embodiments, the buffer portion 154 comprises a first material 154A having a first elastic moduli and a second material 154B having a second elastic moduli. In some embodiments, the first elastic moduli of the first material 154A is less than the second elastic moduli of the second material 154B. In other words, the hardness of the first material 154A is greater than the hardness of the second material 154B. The second material 154B is farther from the center of the buffer member 150 relative to the first material 154A. Figure 5B As shown, the first material 154A can extend below the second material 154B. Figure 5C As shown, the first material 154A can extend above the second material 154B. For example... Figure 5D As shown, the first material 154A can extend through the second material 154B, that is, a portion of the first material 154A can be sandwiched between the second material 154B. With the above configuration, the elastic modulus of the buffer portion 154 in the horizontal direction (e.g., the XY plane) is greater than the elastic modulus of the buffer portion 154 in the vertical direction (e.g., the Z direction), so as to achieve a good vibration damping effect.

[0067] In addition, such as Figure 5E As shown, the buffer portion 154 further includes a third material 154C having a third elastic modulus, sandwiched between the first material 154A and the second material 154B. In some embodiments, the third elastic modulus of the third material 154C is between the first elastic modulus of the first material 154A and the second elastic modulus of the second material 154B. In other words, the hardness of the third material 154C is between the hardness of the first material 154A and the hardness of the second material 154B. Figure 5F As shown, the second material 154B and the third material 154C are located outside the first material 154A, and the third material 154C is disposed below the second material 154B. Figure 5G As shown, the third material 154C is located above the first material 154A and the second material 154B, and the first material 154A extends below the second material 154B. Figure 5H As shown, the first material 154A can extend through the second material 154B and the third material 154C, that is, a portion of the first material 154A can be sandwiched between the second material 154B and the third material 154C. With the above configuration, the elastic modulus of the buffer portion 154 in the horizontal direction (e.g., the XY plane) is greater than the elastic modulus of the buffer portion 154 in the vertical direction (e.g., the Z direction), so as to achieve a good vibration damping effect.

[0068] In some embodiments, the elastic modulus is measured in a way that, for example, it is positively correlated with tensile properties or compression properties. In some embodiments, the elastic modulus can be a spring constant, measured in Newtons per meter (N / m). In some embodiments, the elastic modulus can also be Young's modulus, measured in Newtons per square meter (N / m). 2 In some embodiments, the elastic modulus can be measured using a universal testing machine, or by static methods, dynamic methods, etc., but the method of obtaining the elastic modulus is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the test can be performed with reference to standard test methods such as ASTM D1621, ASTM D412, ASTM D695-15, ASTM D638, ISO 527-1, or ASTM E111-17, but is not limited thereto.

[0069] Figure 6 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of an electronic device 20 according to some embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the electronic device 20 of this embodiment may include... Figure 1 and Figure 2 The electronic devices 10 shown have the same or similar structures or parts, which will be indicated by the same or similar reference numerals, and will not be described in detail below for the sake of brevity. Figure 6 As shown, electronic device 20 may include a base 100, a connecting substrate 110, a display unit 120, an actuating element 130, and a buffer 150. Unlike electronic device 10, electronic device 20 includes a force sensing unit 160 disposed between the display unit 120 and the connecting substrate 110. In some embodiments, the force sensing unit 160 may be a pressure sensor, which deforms due to the force applied by the user to the display unit 120, directly determining the magnitude of the force applied by the user to operate the electronic device. Because the force sensing unit 160 requires only a relatively small space, it facilitates the miniaturization of electronic device 20.

[0070] Figure 7 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of an electronic device 30 according to some embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the electronic device 30 of this embodiment may include... Figure 1 and Figure 2 The electronic devices 10 shown have the same or similar structures or parts, which will be indicated by the same or similar reference numerals, and will not be described in detail below for the sake of brevity. Figure 7As shown, the electronic device 30 may include a base 100, a connecting substrate 110, a display unit 120, an actuator 130, a force sensing unit 140, and a buffer 150. Unlike the electronic device 10, the buffer 150 of the electronic device 30 is disposed between the display unit 120 and the connecting substrate 110, while the force sensing unit 140 is disposed between the connecting substrate 110 and the base 100. In this way, the vibration direction of the connecting substrate 110 is changed to the normal direction of the display unit 120 (or the direction of the force applied by the user). Through this configuration, the load-bearing pressure on the buffer 150 can be reduced.

[0071] Figure 8 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of an electronic device 40 according to some embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the electronic device 40 of this embodiment may include... Figure 1 and Figure 2 The electronic devices 10 shown have the same or similar structures or parts, which will be indicated by the same or similar reference numerals, and will not be described in detail below for the sake of brevity. Figure 8 As shown, electronic device 40 may include a base 100, a connecting substrate 110, a display unit 120, a force sensing unit 140, and a buffer 150. Unlike electronic device 10, electronic device 40 may include an actuator 170 disposed between the connecting substrate 110 and the base 100. In some embodiments, the actuator 170 may be a piezoelectric element. Specifically, applying a voltage to the actuator 170 can cause deformation (e.g., expansion or contraction) in the actuator 170, thereby driving the connecting substrate 110 (and the display unit 120 above it) to vibrate. In some embodiments, multiple actuators 170 may be provided, and all configurations of the actuators 170 are covered within the scope of this invention.

[0072] Figure 9 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of an electronic device 50 according to some embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the electronic device 50 of this embodiment may include... Figure 8 The electronic devices 40 shown have the same or similar structures or parts, which will be indicated by the same or similar reference numerals, and will not be described in detail below for the sake of brevity. Figure 9 As shown, electronic device 50 may include a base 100, a connecting substrate 110, a display unit 120, an actuating element 170, and a buffer 150. Unlike electronic device 40, electronic device 50 may include a force sensing unit 160 disposed between the display unit 120 and the connecting substrate 110. A description of the force sensing unit 160 can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 6 This will not be elaborated upon further below.

[0073] Figure 10The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of an electronic device 60 according to some embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the electronic device 60 of this embodiment may include... Figure 1 and Figure 2 The electronic devices 10 shown have the same or similar structures or parts, which will be indicated by the same or similar reference numerals, and will not be described in detail below for the sake of brevity. Figure 10 As shown, electronic device 60 may include a base 100, a connecting substrate 110, a display unit 120, a force sensing unit 140, and a buffer 150. Unlike electronic device 10, electronic device 60 may include an actuating element 170 disposed between the display unit 120 and the connecting substrate 110. A description of the actuating element 170 can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 6 This will not be elaborated upon further below.

[0074] It should be understood that although the above embodiments only illustrate a partial configuration of the electronic device, those skilled in the art should be able to incorporate other optical layers and / or optical elements into the structure described in this invention, based on the teachings of this invention and for the purpose of enhancing display and / or touch effects. These configurations derived from this invention are also covered within the scope of this invention. Furthermore, this invention also provides several different electronic devices, and those skilled in the art should be able to combine / arrange these electronic devices arbitrarily without departing from the teachings of this invention, and all such combinations and arrangements are covered within the scope of this invention.

[0075] In summary, embodiments of the present invention provide an electronic device equipped with an actuating element to drive a display unit. Specifically, the actuating element enables the electronic device to provide vibration feedback to the user, enhancing the user experience. The actuating element can overlap with the function icons on the user interface, thereby allowing the electronic device to instantly transmit vibration feedback when the user selects a function icon, enabling the user to know that the electronic device has been successfully operated without relying on sight or hearing, thus improving the convenience of user operation. Furthermore, the electronic device may include a force sensing unit to sense the force exerted by the user when operating the electronic device, providing corresponding feedback to the user. Additionally, the electronic device may include a buffer to block vibrations from the environment, reducing the risk of external interference affecting the user's operation of the electronic device.

[0076] While the embodiments and advantages of the present invention have been disclosed above, it should be understood that any person skilled in the art can make modifications, substitutions, and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Furthermore, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the manufacturing processes, machines, manufacturing methods, material compositions, apparatuses, methods, and steps described in the specific embodiments of the specification. Any person skilled in the art can understand from the disclosure of the present invention the current or future developed manufacturing processes, machines, manufacturing methods, material compositions, apparatuses, methods, and steps, as long as they can perform substantially the same function or obtain substantially the same results in the embodiments described herein, they can be used according to the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention includes the above-described manufacturing processes, machines, manufacturing methods, material compositions, apparatuses, methods, and steps, and features between the various embodiments can be arbitrarily combined and used as long as they do not violate the spirit of the invention or conflict with each other. In addition, each claim constitutes an individual embodiment, and the scope of protection of the present invention also includes combinations of various claims and embodiments.

Claims

1. An electronic device, characterized by comprising: Comprising: a base; a connection substrate disposed on the base; a display unit disposed on the connection substrate; and an actuating element disposed on the connection substrate or the display unit; wherein the display unit presents a user interface comprising at least one functional pattern, the actuating element overlapping the at least one functional pattern in a normal direction of the display unit. Further comprising a force sensing unit connecting the connection substrate and the display unit. 2.The electronic device of claim 1, wherein, Further comprising a force sensing unit connecting the connection substrate and the base. 3.The electronic device of claim 1, wherein, Further comprising a bumper connecting the connection substrate and the display unit. 4.The electronic device of claim 1, wherein, Further comprising a bumper connecting the connection substrate and the base. 5.The electronic device of claim 1, wherein, The display unit comprises a display area and a peripheral area surrounding the display area, the force sensing unit is located in the display area, and the distance between the force sensing unit and the peripheral area in a direction perpendicular to the normal direction is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 50 mm. 6.The electronic device of claim 1, wherein, The bumper overlaps the force sensing unit in the normal direction of the display unit. 7.The electronic device of claim 1, wherein, The bumper comprises a connecting piece and a bumper part surrounding the connecting piece. 8.The electronic device of claim 1, wherein, The bumper part comprises two materials with different elastic coefficients. 9.The electronic device of claim 1, wherein, The two materials comprise a first material with a first elastic coefficient and a second material with a second elastic coefficient, the first elastic coefficient is smaller than the second elastic coefficient, and the second material is farther away from the center of the bumper than the first material. 10.The electronic device of claim 9, wherein, ​

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