Plateau area CCUS carbon capture and greenhouse green cultivation system

Abstract

The invention discloses a plateau area CCUS carbon capture and greenhouse green cultivation system which comprises a CO2 capture unit, a purification treatment unit, a storage and conveying unit, a greenhouse cultivation unit and an intelligent regulation and control system. Wherein the trapping unit adopts a multi-stage pressurization technology to overcome the influence of plateau low pressure; the purification unit adjusts the concentration; the storage and conveying unit adapts to a low-temperature environment through a thermal insulation pipeline and flow regulation; the greenhouse unit has the functions of heat preservation, heat insulation, wind resistance and protection; the regulation and control system intelligently regulates the CO2 application rate according to the plateau environment data and plant requirements. The system can effectively overcome plateau environment limitation, improve crop growth efficiency and reduce carbon emission.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of carbon capture and resource utilization and facility agriculture engineering, specifically involving a CCUS carbon capture and greenhouse green cultivation system in plateau areas. Background Technology

[0002] Agricultural production in high-altitude regions (such as the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau) faces severe challenges due to their unique natural conditions. The high altitude and low air pressure (approximately 60%-70% of that in plains areas) significantly reduce the partial pressure of CO2 in the atmosphere, resulting in insufficient CO2 concentration available to plants and limiting photosynthetic efficiency. Furthermore, the large diurnal temperature range, low nighttime temperatures, strong ultraviolet radiation, and short growing season in high-altitude regions further restrict the growth rate of vegetables and green plants, leading to significantly lower yields and quality compared to plains areas. Even with greenhouse cultivation, the accelerated CO2 diffusion rate under low air pressure makes it difficult to maintain a suitable CO2 concentration (800-1200 ppm) for plant photosynthesis. The problems of long vegetable growth cycles and low yields remain prominent, failing to meet the needs of local residents and the tourism industry. A large quantity of vegetables still needs to be transported from other regions, resulting in high costs and difficulties in ensuring freshness.

[0003] CO2 is a key raw material for plant photosynthesis. Studies have shown that increasing CO2 concentration from ambient levels (approximately 400 ppm) to 800-1200 ppm can increase crop photosynthetic rates by 30%-50% and yields by 20%-40%. However, mature CO2 fertilization technologies used in plains areas are difficult to apply directly to plateau environments: traditional CO2 supply methods (such as cylinder transportation and combustion) are costly and unstable in plateau regions; low atmospheric pressure makes it difficult to maintain stable CO2 concentrations in greenhouses; and existing greenhouse CO2 control systems do not consider the unique factors of plateau atmospheric pressure, temperature, and light, resulting in insufficient control precision. Meanwhile, under the "dual carbon" goal, carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technologies are rapidly developing, effectively capturing CO2 emitted from industrial sources. However, the impact mechanism of low atmospheric pressure on CO2 capture efficiency in plateau regions remains unclear, and a resource utilization technology system for captured CO2 in plateau agriculture has not yet been established.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a CCUS (Carbon Capture and Greenhouse Cultivation) integrated system for plateau regions. By solving the technical challenges of efficient CO2 capture, stable transport, and intelligent application under low atmospheric pressure conditions on plateaus, this system can provide greenhouses with a sufficient and controllable CO2 supply. This will enable the photosynthetic efficiency, growth rate, yield, and quality of plants in plateau regions to approach or even reach the levels of those in plains areas, thereby ensuring the supply of vegetables in plateau regions, promoting the development of green and low-carbon agriculture, and contributing to regional sustainable development and the achievement of "dual carbon" goals. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to address the problem of inefficient utilization of CO2 emitted from municipal solid waste incineration plants or biogas projects in plateau regions. This invention provides a CCUS carbon capture and greenhouse green cultivation system suitable for plateau regions by constructing a CO2 capture, purification, and storage and transportation system to achieve localized recycling of carbon resources.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: It includes a CO2 capture unit (S1), a CO2 purification and treatment unit (S2), a CO2 storage and transportation unit (S3), a plateau greenhouse cultivation unit (S4), and a CO2 intelligent application and control system (S5). The system is characterized by being optimized to address the challenges posed by natural factors such as low air pressure, low temperature, and slow growth of vegetables or green plants in plateau regions. The S1 is installed on the flue gas emission pipeline of a municipal solid waste incineration plant or biogas project, and adopts multi-stage pressurization and capture technology, including a pre-pressurization device, a porous ceramic membrane separation device and a vacuum-assisted extraction device, to overcome the problem of reduced CO2 separation efficiency caused by low air pressure at high altitudes. The aforementioned pre-pressurization device pressurizes the low-pressure flue gas from the plateau. Preferably, the increased atmospheric pressure is 1.2-1.5 standard atmospheres; Preferably, the porous ceramic membrane separation device uses a low-temperature resistant ceramic membrane with a pore size of 0.2-0.5μm to maintain high separation efficiency in high-altitude and low-temperature environments; The vacuum-assisted extraction device, with the assistance of a vacuum pump, increases the CO2 collection rate to over 85%. The feature is that S2 is connected to S1 and is used to purify and adjust the concentration of the collected CO2, including a two-stage desulfurization device, a low-temperature desiccant and an adjustable concentration compression module. The adjustable concentration compression module is specifically designed to meet the gas purification requirements under conditions of high altitude, low humidity, and low temperature. The connection between S3 and S2 is used to store or transport the processed CO2 to the greenhouse; The S3 includes a medium- and low-pressure gas storage tank, an insulated conveying pipeline, and an intelligent flow regulating valve. The pipeline is wrapped with a composite insulation layer to prevent the gas pipeline from freezing in the cold environment of the plateau. Preferably, the pressure of the medium-low pressure gas storage tank is 0.5-2 MPa; The S4 is designed specifically for the characteristics of high-altitude environments. It is a modular, enclosed greenhouse with wind-resistant reinforcement, heat insulation, and ultraviolet protection structures. Preferably, the modular enclosed greenhouse wind and snow load resistant frame is made of high-strength steel, with a designed wind load resistance ≥0.8kN / m2 and a snow load resistance ≥0.6kN / m2; Preferably, a double-layer insulation covering is adopted, with the inner layer using light-transmitting insulation material and the outer layer using adjustable shading material to adapt to the large temperature difference environment of the plateau; Preferably, the UV-protective covering material has UV-A and UV-B protection functions, with a light transmittance of ≥85% and a UV blocking rate of ≥95%; Preferably, an air pressure balance ventilation system is installed, with adjustable vents that automatically adjust according to the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the greenhouse to prevent deformation.

[0007] The S5 dynamically adjusts the CO2 release rate based on plant species, growth cycle, and real-time collected data on CO2 concentration, plateau light intensity, temperature, humidity, and atmospheric pressure, to achieve precise application that is intelligently adapted to the plateau environment. Preferably, the CO2 concentration inside the greenhouse is controlled within the range of 800-1500 ppm; This invention provides a CCUS carbon capture and greenhouse green cultivation system for plateau regions, the working principle of which is as follows: Collection phase: The system automatically collects CO2 gas produced by waste incineration plants or biogas projects; Purification stage: Through multi-stage purification treatment, the purity of CO2 is improved to meet the standards for agricultural applications; Storage and Transportation Stage: The treated CO2 is stored in dedicated gas storage tanks or transported to various greenhouses via a pipeline system; Application stage: The intelligent control system automatically adjusts the CO2 concentration according to the light conditions on the plateau and the needs of the plants.

[0008] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention provides a CCUS carbon capture and greenhouse green cultivation system for high-altitude regions. Through the integrated application of multi-stage pressurized capture technology, dual-stage desulfurization and purification treatment, and composite insulated transport pipelines, it effectively solves the technical bottlenecks of low CO2 capture efficiency and difficult storage and transportation under low-pressure conditions in high-altitude environments. It overcomes the problem of significantly reduced separation efficiency of traditional capture technologies in high-altitude environments, ensuring that the purity of the captured gas meets agricultural application standards. Simultaneously, through insulated pipelines and intelligent flow control technology, it solves the problems of pipeline freezing and flow fluctuations in low-temperature environments, achieving stable CO2 delivery. This system converts industrial CO2 into agricultural production resources, providing a stable and controllable CO2 supply for high-altitude greenhouses while achieving carbon emission reduction, resulting in significant environmental and economic benefits.

[0009] In terms of cultivation applications, this invention designs a modular, enclosed greenhouse structure adapted to the environmental characteristics of high-altitude areas, such as strong ultraviolet radiation, strong winds, and large diurnal temperature variations. It integrates an intelligent carbon application control system that dynamically adjusts the CO2 application rate based on different plant species, growth cycles, and real-time monitoring of parameters such as CO2 concentration, light intensity, temperature, humidity, and air pressure. This ensures that the CO2 concentration within the greenhouse is stably maintained within the optimal photosynthetic range, avoiding the CO2 concentration fluctuations and resource waste caused by traditional timed and quantitative application methods. This system effectively improves plant photosynthetic efficiency, accelerates crop growth, significantly shortens the growth cycle of high-altitude greenhouse vegetables, and increases yield and quality per unit area. It enables the growth performance of high-altitude greenhouse crops to approach or reach the levels of those in plains areas, ensuring a stable supply of vegetables to high-altitude regions and reducing dependence on the transportation of vegetables from other regions. This system has significant application value in promoting the development of green agriculture on high-altitude areas, contributing to rural revitalization, and achieving "dual carbon" goals. Attached Figure Description Figure 1 This invention provides a schematic diagram of a CCUS carbon capture and greenhouse green cultivation system for plateau regions. Detailed Implementation

[0010] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention are described clearly and completely below in conjunction with specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention. Example

[0011] A CCUS carbon capture and greenhouse green cultivation system for high-altitude areas is achieved through the following steps: This embodiment uses a municipal solid waste incineration plant on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau as a scenario. The local altitude is 3,650 meters, the average annual air pressure is about 65 kPa, the average annual temperature is 7.4℃, and the annual sunshine duration is more than 3,000 hours, which are typical plateau climate characteristics.

[0012] The CO2 capture unit is installed on the main flue of the waste incineration plant. The pre-pressurization device uses a three-stage Roots blower series configuration. The first-stage blower has a power of 22kW, pressurizing the flue gas from 65kPa to 85kPa; the second-stage blower has a power of 18.5kW, further pressurizing to 105kPa; and the third-stage blower has a power of 15kW, finally pressurizing to 120kPa, ensuring the normal operating pressure of the subsequent separation unit. The porous ceramic membrane separation unit uses alumina-based porous ceramic membrane modules with a pore size of 0.1-0.5μm, a membrane area of ​​500m², and an operating temperature of 150-200℃. The membrane modules are arranged in a tubular pattern, with a total of 200 membrane tubes, each 2 meters long and 25mm in diameter. Preliminary separation of CO2 from other gases is achieved through pressure differential drive, with a CO2 recovery rate of 75%.

[0013] Daily flue gas treatment capacity: 240,000 m3, CO2 capture capacity: 48 tons / day, CO2 concentration: 12-15%. Example

[0014] CO2 was captured and purified according to the method described in Example 1. The primary desulfurization process employed wet desulfurization using a calcium hydroxide slurry spray tower to reduce the SO2 concentration from 800 mg / m³ to 40 mg / m³. The secondary desulfurization process employed dry desulfurization using modified activated carbon adsorbent, resulting in a residual SO2 concentration of 10 mg / m³ after adsorption. 4A molecular sieves were used as a low-temperature desiccant to control the moisture content at 50 ppm. CO2 purity after processing: ≥95%, daily output: 36 tons.

Claims

1. A CO2 capture and greenhouse green cultivation system for plateau regions, comprising a CO2 capture unit (S1), a CO2 purification unit (S2), a CO2 storage and transport unit (S3), a plateau greenhouse cultivation unit (S4), and a CO2 intelligent application and control system (S5), characterized in that, The system is designed to address challenges such as low CO2 concentration and slow plant and vegetable growth caused by low air pressure and low temperature in plateau regions.

2. A CCUS carbon capture and greenhouse green cultivation system for plateau regions, characterized in that, The S1 is installed on the flue gas emission pipeline of a municipal solid waste incineration plant or biogas project, and adopts multi-stage pressurization and capture technology, including a pre-pressurization device, a porous ceramic membrane separation device and a vacuum-assisted extraction device, to overcome the problem of reduced CO2 separation efficiency caused by low air pressure at high altitudes.

3. A CCUS carbon capture and greenhouse green cultivation system for plateau regions, characterized in that, The connection between S2 and S1 is used to purify and adjust the concentration of the collected CO2, including a two-stage desulfurization device, a low-temperature desiccant, and an adjustable concentration compression module.

4. A CCUS carbon capture and greenhouse green cultivation system for plateau regions, characterized in that, S3 is connected to S2 and is used to store or transport processed CO2 to the greenhouse; wherein, S3 includes a medium and low pressure gas storage tank, an insulated conveying pipeline and an intelligent flow regulating valve, and the pipeline is wrapped with a composite insulation layer to prevent the gas pipeline from freezing in the cold environment of the plateau.

5. A CCUS carbon capture and greenhouse green cultivation system for plateau regions, characterized in that, The S4 is designed specifically for the characteristics of high-altitude environments. It is a modular, enclosed greenhouse with wind-resistant reinforcement, heat insulation, and ultraviolet protection structures.

6. A CCUS carbon capture and greenhouse green cultivation system for plateau regions, characterized in that, The S5 dynamically adjusts the CO2 release rate based on plant species, growth cycle, and real-time collected data on CO2 concentration, plateau light intensity, temperature, humidity, and atmospheric pressure, achieving precise application that is intelligently adapted to the plateau environment.

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