A method of installing and positioning a bridge anchoring system

Abstract

The application discloses a positioning method for installing a bridge anchoring system, and is based on a positioning support. The positioning support comprises a bottom support and a side support, and the side support has a base, an upper support and a lower support on the base. The bottom support is provided with a supporting surface with a first positioning assembly, and the upper and lower supports are provided with supporting rods with a second positioning assembly. The second positioning assembly is provided with a rotatable positioning groove, and the groove width of the positioning groove is inwardly tapered to have a guiding effect. During installation and positioning, the positioning support comprising a first layer of supporting rods and a second positioning assembly is installed first. The anchoring member is hoisted so that the bottom of the anchoring member falls into the first positioning assembly, and the anchoring member is continuously hoisted so that the upper part of the anchoring member is guided into the positioning groove of the second positioning assembly, and the positioning groove is self-adaptively rotated to match the installation angle of the anchoring member. Then, the above operation is repeated, and the installation and positioning of all layers of anchoring members from bottom to top are completed. The method realizes high-precision and high-efficiency positioning of the anchoring member, and effectively reduces the risk of bending damage of the anchoring member.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge construction technology, and in particular to an installation and positioning method for a bridge anchoring system. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread construction of major transportation infrastructure such as cross-sea bridges and large suspension bridges, the construction accuracy and safety of their key force-transmitting structures—bridge anchorage systems—have received increasing attention. Especially for anchorage construction in marine environments, it is often necessary to precisely array and install dozens or even hundreds of large, heavy anchors within a limited space. Due to their structural importance, these anchors require extremely high precision in installation position and angle. Currently, while similar anchorage projects on land can be installed using large cranes with temporary supports, in marine operations, the complex environmental factors such as wind, waves, and ship sway make it difficult for traditional large floating cranes to achieve high-precision positioning. The limited window of opportunity for marine operations places higher demands on the construction efficiency of large batches of anchors. Furthermore, in existing positioning methods, anchors are typically erected on the support frame at a single point or with limited contact points, resulting in extremely high localized stress concentration at the support points. This may cause anchors with high slenderness ratios to bend and deform, affecting their subsequent load-bearing performance. Therefore, this application aims to propose a novel installation and positioning method for bridge anchorage systems to solve the aforementioned problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an installation and positioning method for a bridge anchorage system, which reduces the risk of deformation of the anchorage during construction while performing high-precision and high-efficiency installation and positioning of the anchorage.

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides an installation and positioning method for a bridge anchorage system, used to position anchors distributed in an array within the system. The method is based on a positioning bracket; the positioning bracket includes a bottom bracket and side brackets; the side brackets include a base and upper and lower brackets mounted on the base; the bottom and lower brackets, and the lower and upper brackets, are spaced apart along the longitudinal direction of the anchors; the bottom bracket has a support surface extending laterally along the anchors; the upper and lower brackets have circular support rods extending horizontally laterally along the anchors.

[0005] The support surface is provided with a first positioning component; the bottom end of the anchor is limited and engaged with the first positioning component in the longitudinal downward direction and the horizontal direction of the support surface; the support rod is provided with a second positioning component; the installation position of the second positioning component is configured such that for any set of first positioning components, a set of second positioning components can always be found on the lower bracket and the upper bracket respectively, and the three points are collinear with it.

[0006] The second positioning component includes a positioning part, a connecting part, and a limiting part; the positioning part is constructed with a straight positioning groove perpendicular to the support rod to linearly support the anchor along the extension direction of the anchor; the groove root width is configured such that the portion of the anchor falling into the positioning groove is limited and engaged along the extension direction of the support rod; the groove opening to the groove root width decreases to provide guidance for the anchor's placement; the positioning part and the support rod are rotatably connected via the connecting part to rotate about the axial direction of the support rod; the limiting part is provided on the support rod and is limited and engaged with the positioning part along the length direction of the support rod.

[0007] The method includes:

[0008] Step 1: Install the positioning bracket, including installing the support rods of the first layer from bottom to top and the second positioning component;

[0009] Step 2: Hoist the anchor so that the bottom end of the anchor falls first into the first positioning component on the support surface;

[0010] Step 3: Lower the top of the anchor to allow it to enter the positioning groove through the guide; the positioning groove adapts to the extension angle of the anchor by rotating relative to the support rod.

[0011] Step 4: Install the support rods and second positioning components for the second layer, and repeat steps 2 and 3 to complete the installation and positioning of the second layer anchors; and so on, to complete the installation and positioning of all layers of anchors.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the side of the anchor is provided with a positioning protrusion; the positioning protrusion extends longitudinally along the anchor; the width of the groove root is the same as the width of the positioning protrusion, and the groove depth is not greater than the protrusion height of the positioning protrusion; in step 3, the positioning protrusion enters the positioning groove.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the length of the positioning groove is not less than 50 centimeters.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the connecting portion includes a mating member disposed radially opposite to the positioning portion along the support rod, and tie bolts connecting the positioning portion and the mating member from both sides of the support rod.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the side of the connecting portion facing away from the positioning portion is counterweighted so that the opening of the positioning groove faces upward or diagonally upward.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, in steps 2 and 3, two cranes perform dual-point lifting of the anchor.

[0017] The two cranes are a first crane and a second crane; the rated lifting capacity of the first crane is less than that of the second crane, and the first crane is connected to the bottom of the anchor, while the second crane is connected to the top of the anchor.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the first positioning component includes an elevation positioning element fixed to the support surface; in step 2, the bottom end of the anchor is abutted against the upper surface of the elevation positioning element by gravity.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the first positioning component further includes a lateral positioning member fixed to the support surface; the two lateral positioning members are arranged opposite each other along the horizontal direction of the support surface to form a strip-shaped limiting cavity with the same thickness as the bottom end of the anchor; in step 2, the bottom end of the anchor rests in the limiting cavity.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the elevation positioning element and the lateral positioning element are made of steel components.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment, the bottom support and the side supports adopt a space truss structure.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The method provided by this invention has the following advantages: (1) The second positioning component with a strip-shaped positioning groove is used to change the contact between the anchor and the upper and lower supports from point contact to line contact, which greatly reduces the local compressive stress and bending risk. At the same time, the positioning groove can rotate around the support rod, which can adapt to the extension angle of the anchor during construction, and solves the problem that the positioning groove is prone to failure to provide ideal linear support to the anchor due to construction errors. (2) Through the multi-point collaborative positioning of the bottom support, the lower support and the upper support, combined with the positioning guide provided by the positioning groove, an effective spatial guide is provided for the hoisting process of the anchor, which reduces the precision requirements of the hoisting operation and improves the construction tolerance and efficiency. (3) The double crane is used for collaborative hoisting. The hoisting posture of the anchor is accurately controlled by the reasonable division of labor and cooperation between the large and small cranes. This not only optimizes the stress state of the anchor, but also enhances the safety of the hoisting construction. (4) Each group of supports adopts a truss structure welded from steel components, and each group of positioning components is processed from steel profiles. The materials are convenient to obtain and the processing is simple, which makes the method widely applicable to engineering. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the positioning bracket and anchor described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a side view of the positioning bracket and anchor during installation and positioning in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the first positioning component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the second positioning component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the anchor described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the anchor being hoisted in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] The markings in the diagram are as follows: 1-Anchor, 11-Anchor plate, 12-Anchor rod, 13-Positioning protrusion, 2-Bottom bracket, 21-Supporting surface, 3-Base, 41-Lower bracket, 42-Upper bracket, 43-Support rod, 5-First positioning component, 51-Side positioning component, 52-Elevation positioning component, 6-Second positioning component, 61-Positioning groove, 62-Connecting part, 621-Butt joint, 622-Tie bolt, 63-Limiting part, 71-First crane, 72-Second crane. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "top / bottom," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0033] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "equipped", "sleeved / connected", "connected", etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a wall-mounted connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] like Figures 1-6 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides an installation and positioning method for a bridge anchorage system, used to accurately position anchors 1 arranged in an array and having a preset installation angle. In this embodiment, the main body of the anchor 1 is an anchor rod 12, and its bottom end is an anchor plate 11 fixed to the anchor rod 12. Unless otherwise specified, "bottom end of the anchor" and "anchor plate" are synonymous in the following description.

[0035] The method is based on a positioning bracket. For example... Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the positioning bracket includes a bottom bracket 2 and a side bracket. Further, the side bracket includes a fixed base 3, and an upper bracket 42 and a lower bracket 41 mounted on the base 3. The bottom bracket 2 and the lower bracket 41, and the lower bracket 41 and the upper bracket 42 are spaced apart along the longitudinal direction of the anchor 1, i.e., along a preset extension angle of the anchor 1. Preferably, the bottom bracket 2, the base 3 of the side bracket, the upper bracket 42, and the lower bracket 41 all adopt a space truss structure welded from structural steel to ensure overall rigidity and stability. In a specific embodiment, the bottom bracket 2 has seven trusses in the horizontal direction, the base 3 of the side bracket has five trusses, and the upper bracket 42 and the lower bracket 41 each have eight trusses. The bottom bracket 2 is constructed with a support surface 21 extending laterally along the anchor 1; in other words, the support surface 21 is understood to be located in a normal plane of the anchor 1. The upper bracket 42 and the lower bracket 41 are each constructed with a circular support rod 43 extending horizontally along the transverse side of the anchor 1. The support rod 43 is preferably a round steel pipe. During installation and positioning, the bottom end of the anchor 1 is placed on the support surface 21, while the upper part rests on the support rod 43.

[0036] A first positioning component 5 is provided on the support surface 21 of the bottom bracket 2. The bottom end of the anchor 1, i.e., the anchor plate 11, is limited and engaged with the first positioning component 5 along the longitudinal downward direction and the horizontal direction of the support surface 21, so as to be precisely positioned on the bottom bracket 2. The "longitudinal downward direction" of the support surface 21 is understood as the direction in which an object slides freely on the support surface 21 under the action of gravity; the "horizontal direction" of the support surface 21 is located in its plane, and the same applies below. The first positioning component 5 adopts a groove-shaped integral structure or a split structure. Preferably, as shown in the figure Figure 3 As shown, the first positioning component 5 adopts a split structure, which includes an elevation positioning component 52 and a lateral positioning component 51 fixed to the support surface 21. Preferably, the elevation positioning component 52 includes a section of I-beam vertically welded to the support surface 21, and its upper surface is precisely leveled. After being placed in position, the anchor plate 11 abuts against the upper surface of the elevation positioning component 52 under the action of gravity, thereby limiting its own installation elevation. The lateral positioning component 51 is preferably made of angle steel, with two sets of angle steel welded parallel to each other along the longitudinal direction of the support surface 21, and the two sets of angle steel are arranged opposite each other along the horizontal direction of the support surface 21, forming a strip-shaped limiting cavity with the same thickness as the anchor plate 11 through the wing plate. During lowering, the anchor plate 11 falls into the limiting cavity to prevent itself from shifting in the horizontal direction.

[0037] A second positioning component 6 is provided on the support rod 43 of the upper bracket 42 and the lower bracket 41. The installation position of the second positioning component 6 is configured such that for any set of first positioning components 5, a set of second positioning components 6 can always be found on the corresponding lower bracket 41 and upper bracket 42, forming a three-point collinear relationship that matches the installation angle of the anchor 1. Figure 4 As shown, the second positioning component 6 includes a positioning part, a connecting part 62, and a limiting part 63. The positioning part has a straight positioning groove 61 perpendicular to the support rod 43 to linearly support the anchor 1 along its extension direction. Preferably, the length of the positioning groove 61 is not less than 50 cm to provide a sufficiently long line contact. The width of the groove root of the positioning groove 61 is configured to limit the portion of the anchor 1 that falls within the positioning groove 61 along the extension direction of the support rod 43. The width of the positioning groove 61 decreases from the groove opening to the groove root, and its cross-section is preferably funnel-shaped to guide the placement of the anchor 1. Figure 5As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the anchor 1 has a positioning protrusion 13 on its side, which extends longitudinally along the anchor 1. The width of the groove root of the positioning groove 61 is equal to the width of the positioning protrusion 13, and the groove depth is not greater than the protrusion height of the positioning protrusion 13, so that the positioning groove 61 achieves precise positioning of the anchor 1 by engaging with the positioning protrusion 13. The limiting part 63 is provided on the support rod 43 and engages with the positioning part along the length of the support rod 43 to limit the lateral movement of the positioning part. Preferably, the limiting part 63 consists of two steel plates respectively disposed on both sides of the positioning part and welded to the length of the support rod 43.

[0038] It is easy to understand that the anchor 1 is hoisted and installed from bottom to top, therefore the support rod 43 and the second positioning component 6 are also installed layer by layer on site. If the positioning part is fixed and installed according to the preset angle of the anchor 1 in the design drawings, then as long as there is a slight error in the on-site processing, causing the vertical angle of the positioning groove 61 to deviate from the preset angle, the anchor 1 will still be subjected to a relatively concentrated local load after it is in place. For this reason, the positioning part is rotatably connected to the support rod 43 through the connecting part 62, so that the positioning groove 61 can rotate around the axial direction of the support rod 43. In this way, as the anchor 1 is in place, the positioning groove 61 can adaptively adjust its own angle to fit against the bottom of the anchor 1, ensuring that the anchor 1 is subjected to a line load. Preferably, the connecting part 62 includes a docking part 621 arranged radially along the support rod 43 opposite to the positioning part, and tie bolts 622 connecting the positioning part and the docking part 621 from both sides of the support rod 43. The positioning part can be secured to the support rod 43 by tightening the tie bolt 622, while allowing it to rotate. Furthermore, a counterweight is provided on the side of the connecting part 62 facing away from the positioning groove 61, so that in its natural state, the opening of the positioning groove 61 faces upward or diagonally upward, facilitating the insertion of the anchor 1.

[0039] Based on the aforementioned positioning bracket, the installation and positioning method of the bridge anchorage system is now described. The method includes:

[0040] Step 1: Install the bottom bracket 2 and the base 3 of the side brackets on site, ensuring their position and elevation meet the design requirements. Next, install the lower bracket 41 and the upper bracket 42 sequentially on the base 3. Install the first positioning component 5 on the bottom bracket 2, and install the first-layer support rod 43 and the second positioning component 6 on the lower bracket 41 and the upper bracket 42. Ensure that the first positioning component 5 and the corresponding second positioning component 6 are collinear by measuring and laying out the lines. The "first layer" is counted from bottom to top.

[0041] Step 2: As Figure 6As shown, two cranes are used for dual-point hoisting of the anchor 1. The two cranes are a first crane 71 and a second crane 72. The rated lifting capacity of the first crane 71 is less than that of the second crane 72. The first crane 71 is connected to the bottom of the anchor 1, and the second crane 72 is connected to the top of the anchor 1. The anchor 1 is hoisted to the installation position, and the first crane 71 is slowly lowered so that the bottom of the anchor 1, under the action of gravity, first falls into the limiting cavity formed by the lateral positioning member 51 on the support surface 21 and abuts against the upper surface of the elevation positioning member 52, completing the positioning of its bottom end. At this time, the second crane 72 remains stationary, ensuring that the vertical angle of the anchor 1 is greater than its preset installation angle.

[0042] Step 3: After positioning the bottom of anchor 1, operate the second crane 72 to slowly lower the upper middle part of anchor 1. Guided by the positioning groove 61, anchor 1 is guided into the corresponding positioning grooves 61 on the lower support 41 and upper support 42. During this process, the positioning part automatically rotates around the support rod 43, thus adapting to the actual angle of anchor 1 until anchor 1 is completely submerged in the groove, achieving line contact positioning and angle fixation of the upper part.

[0043] Step 4: Install the second-layer support rod 43 and the second positioning component 6, and repeat steps 2 and 3 to complete the installation and positioning of the second-layer anchor 1. Continue in this manner, completing the installation and positioning of all layers of anchor 1 from bottom to top.

[0044] In summary, the installation and positioning method provided by the embodiments of the present invention has the following advantages: (1) The second positioning component 6 with a strip-shaped positioning groove 61 is used to change the contact between the anchor 1 and the upper support 42 and the lower support 41 from point contact to line contact, which greatly reduces the local compressive stress and bending risk. At the same time, the positioning groove 61 can rotate around the support rod 43, which can adapt to the extension angle of the anchor 1 during construction, and solves the problem that the positioning groove 61 is prone to failure to provide ideal linear support for the anchor 1 due to construction errors. (2) Through the multi-point collaborative positioning of the bottom support 2, the lower support 41 and the upper support 42, combined with the placement guidance provided by the positioning groove 61, effective spatial guidance is provided for the hoisting process of the anchor 1, reducing the precision requirements of the hoisting operation and improving the construction error tolerance and efficiency. (3) The double crane is used for collaborative hoisting. The hoisting posture of the anchor 1 is accurately controlled by the reasonable division of labor and cooperation between the large and small cranes. This not only optimizes the stress state of the anchor 1, but also enhances the safety of the hoisting construction. (4) Each group of supports adopts a truss structure welded from steel components, and each group of positioning components is processed from steel profiles. The materials are readily available and the processing is simple, making this method widely applicable in engineering.

[0045] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any technically equivalent modifications made based on the content of this specification shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method of installing and positioning a bridge anchoring system for positioning anchoring elements in an arrayed distribution in the anchoring system, characterized in that: A positioning bracket is provided; the positioning bracket includes a bottom bracket and a side bracket; the side bracket includes a base and an upper bracket and a lower bracket disposed on the base; the bottom bracket and the lower bracket, and the lower bracket and the upper bracket are spaced apart along the longitudinal direction of the anchor; the bottom bracket is constructed with a support surface extending laterally along the anchor; the upper bracket and the lower bracket are constructed with circular support rods extending horizontally laterally along the anchor. The support surface is provided with a first positioning component; the bottom end of the anchor is limited and engaged with the first positioning component in the longitudinal downward direction and the horizontal direction of the support surface; the support rod is provided with a second positioning component; the installation position of the second positioning component is configured such that for any set of first positioning components, a set of second positioning components can always be found on the lower bracket and the upper bracket respectively, and the three points are collinear with it. The second positioning component includes a positioning part, a connecting part, and a limiting part; the positioning part is constructed with a straight positioning groove perpendicular to the support rod to linearly support the anchor along the extension direction of the anchor; the groove root width is configured such that the portion of the anchor that falls into the positioning groove is limited and fitted along the extension direction of the support rod; the groove opening to the groove root width decreases to provide guidance for the placement of the anchor; the positioning part and the support rod are rotatably connected through the connecting part to rotate about the axial direction of the support rod. The limiting part is provided on the support rod and is limited and matched with the positioning part along the length direction of the support rod; The method includes: Step 1: Install the positioning bracket, including installing the support rod of the first layer and the second positioning component; Step 2: Hoist the anchor so that the bottom end of the anchor falls first into the first positioning component on the support surface; Step 3: Lower the top of the anchor to allow the anchor to enter the positioning groove through the guide; the positioning groove adapts to the extension angle of the anchor by rotating relative to the support rod. Step 4: Install the support rods and second positioning components for the second layer, and repeat steps 2 and 3 to complete the installation and positioning of the second layer anchors; and so on, to complete the installation and positioning of all layers of anchors.

2. The installation and positioning method for a bridge anchorage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor has a positioning protrusion on its side; the positioning protrusion extends longitudinally along the anchor; the width of the groove root is the same as that of the positioning protrusion, and the groove depth is not greater than the protrusion height of the positioning protrusion; in step 3, the positioning protrusion enters the positioning groove.

3. The installation and positioning method for a bridge anchorage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the positioning groove is not less than 50 centimeters.

4. The installation and positioning method for a bridge anchorage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting part includes a mating member disposed radially opposite to the positioning part along the support rod, and tie bolts connecting the positioning part and the mating member from both sides of the support rod.

5. The installation and positioning method for a bridge anchorage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting part is counterweighted on the side opposite to the positioning part so that the opening of the positioning groove faces upward or diagonally upward.

6. The installation and positioning method for a bridge anchorage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In steps 2 and 3, two cranes perform dual-point lifting of the anchor. The two cranes are a first crane and a second crane; the rated lifting capacity of the first crane is less than that of the second crane, and the first crane is connected to the bottom of the anchor, while the second crane is connected to the top of the anchor.

7. The installation and positioning method for a bridge anchorage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first positioning component includes an elevation positioning element fixed to the support surface; in step 2, the bottom end of the anchor is pressed against the upper surface of the elevation positioning element by gravity.

8. The installation and positioning method for a bridge anchorage system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first positioning component further includes a lateral positioning member fixed to the support surface; the two lateral positioning members are arranged opposite each other along the horizontal direction of the support surface to form a strip-shaped limiting cavity with the same thickness as the bottom end of the anchor; in step 2, the bottom end of the anchor rests in the limiting cavity.

9. The installation and positioning method for a bridge anchorage system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The elevation positioning component and the lateral positioning component are made of steel profiles.

10. The installation and positioning method of a bridge anchorage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom support and side supports adopt a space truss structure.

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