Noise reduction tube, vacuum assisted toilet system including noise reduction tube, and method of using noise reduction tube

Abstract

Embodiments disclosed herein relate to a noise reduction tube, a vacuum assisted toilet system including a noise reduction tube, and a method of using a noise reduction tube. An example noise reduction tube includes a first end and a second end opposite the first end. The first end is configured to be coupled to an outlet of a toilet bowl and the second end is configured to be coupled to an inlet of a flush valve. The noise reduction tube defines a fluid flow path extending between the first end and the second end such that waste may flow from the first end to the second end. The noise reduction tube also includes one or more bends. Each of the bends exhibits a radius of curvature greater than about 5 cm or a length greater than about 30 cm.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of application number 201980017112.9, filed on March 21, 2019, entitled “Noise Reduction Pipe, Vacuum-Assisted Toilet System Including Noise Reduction Pipe, and Method of Using Noise Reduction Pipe.” TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present invention relates to a noise reduction pipe, a vacuum-assisted toilet system including the noise reduction pipe, and a method of using the noise reduction pipe. BACKGROUND

[0003] Vacuum-assisted toilets are commonly used in airplanes, cruise ships, and other places where water is scarce because vacuum-assisted toilets can operate using less water than other types of toilets. Vacuum-assisted toilets are also beginning to be used in places without water restrictions of airplanes and cruise ships, such as in residential applications, to conserve water. However, vacuum-assisted toilets can produce a significant amount of noise when flushing. As a result, users and manufacturers of vacuum-assisted toilets continue to seek new and improved vacuum-assisted toilets and / or methods of using vacuum-assisted toilets. SUMMARY

[0004] In an embodiment, a noise reduction pipe is disclosed. The noise reduction pipe includes a first end configured to be coupled to an outlet of a toilet bowl, a second end opposite the first end configured to be coupled to an inlet of a flush valve, a fluid flow path extending from the first end to the second end, and one or more bends between the first end and the second end. Each of the one or more bends exhibits a radius of curvature greater than about 5 cm.

[0005] In an embodiment, a vacuum-assisted toilet system is disclosed. The vacuum-assisted toilet system includes a toilet bowl defining an outlet. The vacuum-assisted toilet system also includes a flush valve configured to switch between an open state and a closed state. The flush valve includes an inlet. The vacuum-assisted toilet further includes a noise reduction pipe extending between the outlet of the toilet bowl and the inlet of the flush valve. The noise reduction pipe includes a first end coupled to the outlet of the toilet bowl and a second end coupled to the inlet of the flush valve. The noise reduction pipe defines a fluid flow path extending from the first end to the second end. The noise reduction pipe includes one or more bends between the first end and the second end. Each of the one or more bends exhibits a radius of curvature greater than about 5 cm. The vacuum-assisted toilet system further includes a vacuum source fluidly coupled to and positioned downstream of the flush valve.

[0006] In an embodiment, a vacuum-assisted toilet system is disclosed. The vacuum-assisted toilet system includes a toilet bowl defining an outlet. The vacuum-assisted toilet system also includes a flush valve configured to switch between an open state and a closed state. The flush valve includes an inlet. The vacuum-assisted toilet system also includes a noise reduction tube extending between the outlet of the toilet bowl and the inlet of the flush valve. The noise reduction tube includes a first end coupled to the outlet of the toilet bowl and a second end coupled to the inlet of the flush valve. The noise reduction tube defines a fluid flow path extending from the first end to the second end. The noise reduction tube further includes one or more bends between the first end and the second end. The noise reduction tube exhibits a length measured along a center of the fluid flow path that is greater than a distance between the outlet of the toilet bowl and the inlet of the flush valve. The vacuum-assisted toilet system also includes a vacuum source fluidically coupled to the flush valve and positioned downstream of the flush valve.

[0007] Features from any of the disclosed embodiments can be combined with each other without limitation. Additionally, other features and advantages of the present disclosure will be apparent from the following detailed description and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0008] The accompanying drawings illustrate several embodiments of the present disclosure, wherein:

[0009] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a vacuum-assisted toilet system including a noise reduction tube according to an embodiment.

[0010] Figure 2A is an isometric view of a vacuum-assisted toilet system according to an embodiment.

[0011] Figure 2B is a side view of a noise reduction tube according to an embodiment, the noise reduction tube exhibiting an unoccupied space shape configured to fit into an unoccupied portion of a vacuum-assisted toilet system.

[0012] Figure 3 is an isometric view of a vacuum-assisted toilet system including a noise reduction tube according to an embodiment.

[0013] Figure 4 is a partial cross-sectional side view of a vacuum-assisted toilet system including a noise reduction tube according to an embodiment.

[0014] Figure 5 is an isometric view of a vacuum-assisted toilet system including a noise reduction tube according to an embodiment (obscured portions of the noise reduction tube are shown in dashed lines).

[0015] Figure 6 FIG. 2 is a graph illustrating noise (in decibels) as a function of time after flushing a vacuum-assisted toilet system using a plurality of different plumbing runs, according to an embodiment.

[0016] Figure 7 FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating noise (in decibels) as a function of time after flushing a vacuum-assisted toilet system using a plurality of different plumbing runs, according to an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] Embodiments disclosed herein relate to a noise-reducing pipe, a vacuum-assisted toilet system including the noise-reducing pipe, and a method of using the noise-reducing pipe. An exemplary noise-reducing pipe includes a first end and a second end opposite the first end. The first end is configured to be coupled to an outlet of a toilet bowl, and the second end is configured to be coupled to an inlet of a flush valve. The noise-reducing pipe defines a fluid flow path extending between the first end and the second end such that waste can flow from the first end to the second end. As used herein, waste refers to urine, fecal matter, water, toilet paper, air, etc. that is received by the toilet bowl and flows through the noise-reducing pipe when the vacuum-assisted toilet system including the noise-reducing pipe is flushed. The noise-reducing pipe further includes one or more bends (e.g., a plurality of bends). Each bend exhibits a radius of curvature that is greater than about 5 cm or a length that is greater than about 30 cm.

[0018] The noise-reducing pipe is configured to reduce noise generated by a vacuum-assisted toilet system including the noise-reducing pipe as compared to a substantially similar vacuum-assisted toilet system that does not include the noise-reducing pipe. For example, a conventional vacuum-assisted toilet system includes a toilet bowl and a flush valve that is attached to or otherwise positioned near the toilet bowl. The conventional vacuum-assisted toilet system also includes a conventional pipe that extends from an outlet of the toilet bowl to an inlet of the flush valve. Due to space constraints, the conventional pipe exhibits a length that is as small as possible. For example, the conventional pipe exhibits a length that is 20 cm or less (e.g., 15 cm or less). Moreover, to reduce the length of the conventional pipe, any bends in the conventional pipe exhibit a relatively sharp radius of curvature that is less than 4.5 cm. As used herein, the length of any pipe disclosed herein is measured along a center of a flow path of the pipe, and the radius of curvature of any bend disclosed herein is also measured along the center of the flow path. When the conventional vacuum-assisted toilet system is flushed, the conventional vacuum-assisted toilet system generates loud noise that is at least partially caused by turbulent flow of the waste through the conventional pipe and the flush valve. The turbulent flow of the waste generates loud noise that is detectable at and / or near the toilet bowl (e.g., within one or two meters of a front edge of the toilet bowl).

[0019] For at least one of two reasons, the noise reduction pipe is configured to reduce the noise produced when a vacuum-assisted toilet system comprising the noise reduction pipe is flushed relative to a traditional vacuum-assisted toilet system comprising a traditional pipe. First, it has been found that increasing the radius of curvature of a pipe extending between an outlet of a toilet bowl and an inlet of a flush valve can reduce the turbulent flow of waste through the pipe (e.g., cause the waste to flow in a more laminar fashion). For example, it has been found that the relatively sharp radius of curvature of one or more bends of a traditional pipe causes turbulent flow of waste through the pipe. The turbulent flow of waste through the traditional pipe causes the traditional pipe to produce a large amount of noise that is detectable at and / or near the toilet bowl when the waste flows through the traditional pipe. However, the noise reduction pipe comprises one or more bends that exhibit a radius of curvature that is greater than about 5 cm (e.g., greater than about 9 cm) and can reduce the turbulent flow of waste through the noise reduction pipe relative to the traditional pipe. Thus, during use, the noise reduction pipe produces less noise than the traditional pipe.

[0020] Second, it has been found that increasing the length of a pipe extending between an outlet of a toilet bowl and an inlet of a flush valve can reduce the noise produced by flushing a vacuum-assisted toilet system by acoustically isolating the toilet bowl from the flush valve. For example, as discussed, the waste flowing through the flush valve exhibits turbulent flow. However, increasing the length of any of the pipes disclosed herein acoustically isolates the toilet bowl from the flush valve by increasing the distance that the noise must travel before reaching the toilet bowl and being detectable. As discussed, the traditional pipe travels from the outlet of the toilet bowl to the inlet of the flush valve in a distance that is less than about 20 cm. Thus, the traditional pipe only slightly acoustically isolates the toilet bowl from the flush valve. Meanwhile, the noise reduction pipe exhibits a length that is greater than about 30 cm due to, for example, one or more bends formed in the noise reduction pipe. The increased length of the noise reduction pipe can acoustically isolate the toilet bowl from the flush valve better than the traditional pipe.

[0021] In embodiments, the noise reduction tube presents a shape that allows the noise reduction tube to fit into unoccupied space of a legacy vacuum assisted toilet system (“unoccupied space shape”). In embodiments, the noise reduction tube is designed to present the unoccupied space shape to allow a new vacuum assisted toilet system including the noise reduction tube to be used in a location configured to receive a legacy vacuum assisted toilet system. For example, it can be difficult and / or cost prohibitive to redesign or reconfigure a location (e.g., an airplane or cruise ship) to receive a new vacuum assisted toilet system including a noise reduction tube that does not present the unoccupied space shape. Thus, designing the noise reduction tube to present the unoccupied space shape allows the new vacuum assisted toilet system including the noise reduction tube to be used in a location designed for a legacy vacuum assisted toilet system. In embodiments, designing the noise reduction tube to present the unoccupied space shape allows a legacy vacuum assisted toilet system to be retrofitted to include the noise reduction tube instead of a legacy tube.

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic view of a vacuum assisted toilet system 100 including a noise reduction tube 102 according to embodiments. The vacuum assisted toilet system 100 includes a toilet bowl 104 defining an outlet 106. The vacuum assisted toilet system 100 also includes a flush valve 108 configured to control a flow of waste from the toilet bowl 104. For example, the flush valve 108 can be configured to controllably switch between a closed state when the flush valve 108 restricts the flow of waste therethrough and an open state when the flush valve 108 allows the flow of waste therethrough. The noise reduction tube 102 extends from the outlet 106 of the toilet bowl 104 and fluidly couples to an inlet 110 of the flush valve 108. The noise reduction tube 102 includes at least one of one or more bends having a radius of curvature greater than about 5 cm or a length greater than about 30 cm. The vacuum assisted toilet system 100 also includes a vacuum source 112 located downstream of the flush valve 108. The vacuum source 112 is configured to apply a vacuum to the toilet bowl 104 when the flush valve 108 is in its open state and to draw waste from the toilet bowl 104 through the flush valve 108.

[0023] The toilet bowl 104 can include any suitable toilet bowl. For example, the toilet bowl 104 generally includes at least one recessed portion configured to receive human waste (e.g., urine, fecal matter, etc.) from a person. Depending on the application of the toilet bowl 104, the recessed portion can also be configured to receive other types of waste, such as toilet paper. The toilet bowl 104 can also include a seat configured to support a person. The seat can include at least one aperture that allows human waste to enter the recessed portion of the toilet bowl 104 when a person is seated on the seat.

[0024] As discussed, the noise reduction pipe 102 fluidically couples the toilet bowl 104 to the flush valve 108. It should be noted that the noise reduction pipe 102 can contain waste in place of or with the toilet bowl 104 prior to the flush valve 108 switching to its open state.

[0025] The noise reduction pipe 102 can be formed from multiple components that are connected together or can comprise a single component. In comparison to a noise reduction pipe 102 formed from multiple components, a noise reduction pipe 102 formed from a single component can limit leaks in the noise reduction pipe 102. Generally, the noise reduction pipe 102 is distinct from the toilet bowl 104. For example, the noise reduction pipe 102 can retrofit an existing vacuum assisted toilet system. However, at least a portion of the noise reduction pipe 102 can be integrally formed with the toilet bowl 104. For example, when the vacuum assisted toilet system 100 is manufactured for residential applications and is at least partially formed from monolithic ceramic, the noise reduction pipe 102 can be integrally formed with the toilet bowl 104. When the noise reduction pipe 102 is integrally formed with the toilet bowl 104, the noise reduction pipe 102 is distinct from the toilet bowl 104 because the width of the noise reduction pipe 102 is substantially constant (e.g., varies by at most 30%) while the width of the toilet bowl 104 generally varies. Also, the noise reduction pipe 102 is generally distinct from the flush valve 108. However, at least a portion of the noise reduction pipe 102 can be integrally formed with the flush valve 108. When the noise reduction pipe 102 is integrally formed with the flush valve 108, the noise reduction pipe 102 is distinct from the flush valve 108 because at least one of the flush valve 108 can form a protrusion relative to the noise reduction pipe 102 or the noise reduction pipe 102 terminates at any portion of the flush valve 108 that can retain an adjustable restrictable movable barrier to flow through the flush valve 108.

[0026] In embodiments, as discussed, the noise reduction pipe 102 can comprise one or more bends that exhibit a radius of curvature measured along a center of the flow path. The radius of curvature of the one or more bends of the noise reduction pipe 102 can be greater than about 5 cm, such as greater than about 6 cm, greater than about 7 cm, greater than about 8 cm, greater than about 9 cm, greater than about 10 cm, greater than about 12 cm, greater than about 14 cm, greater than about 16 cm, or in a range from about 5 cm to about 7 cm, about 6 cm to about 8 cm, about 7 cm to about 9 cm, about 8 cm to about 10 cm, about 9 cm to about 12 cm, about 10 cm to about 14 cm, or about 12 cm to about 16, etc. For example, it has been found that increasing the radius of curvature of the one or more bends of the noise reduction pipe 102 to be greater than about 5 cm unexpectedly reduces turbulent flow of waste through the noise reduction pipe 102, thereby reducing noise detected at and / or near the toilet bowl 104.

[0027] However, increasing the radius of curvature beyond the threshold can have minimal impact on the turbulence of the waste passing through the noise reduction tube 102. For example, in some embodiments, increasing the radius of curvature of one or more bends of the noise reduction tube 102 to be greater than about 9 cm can have minimal impact on the turbulence of the waste passing through the noise reduction tube 102. However, it should be noted that the threshold for the radius of curvature can depend on several factors, such as the length of the noise reduction tube 102, the inner diameter of the noise reduction tube 102, and the vacuum (e.g., the pressure of the vacuum) pulling the waste through the noise reduction tube 102, etc. Thus, in some embodiments, the threshold can be greater than or less than about 9 cm for a tube having a diameter of about 5 cm. Note that, in some embodiments, it can be beneficial to select the radius of curvature to be equal to or greater than the threshold, thus the noise reduction tube 102 has the greatest impact on the noise generated by the waste flowing therethrough.

[0028] As discussed, the noise reduction tube 102 can exhibit a length measured along a center of the flow path defined thereby. The length of the noise reduction tube 102 is greater (e.g., substantially greater) than the shortest possible path between the outlet 106 of the toilet bowl 104 and the inlet 110 of the flush valve 108 (e.g., closely following the path of a conventional pipe). For example, the length of the noise reduction tube 102 is at least about 20% greater than the shortest possible path between the outlet 106 of the toilet bowl 104 and the inlet 110, such as at least about 30%, at least about 50%, at least about 75%, at least about 100%, at least about 150%, at least about 200%, at least about 250%, at least about 300%, at least about 350%, at least about 400%, or in a range of about 20% to about 50%, about 30% to about 75%, about 50% to about 100%, about 75% to about 150%, about 100% to about 200%, about 150% to about 300%, or about 200% to about 400%, etc. The length of the noise reduction tube 102 can be greater than the shortest possible path between the outlet 106 and the inlet 110 because the noise reduction tube 102 includes one or more bends therein. For example, the one or more bends formed in the noise reduction tube 102 can allow the noise reduction tube 102 to follow an indirect path between the outlet 106 and the inlet 110, thereby increasing the length of the noise reduction tube 102.

[0029] Generally, the shortest possible path between the outlet 106 and the inlet 110 is about 10 cm to about 15 cm. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the length of the noise reduction tube 102 can be greater than about 30 cm, such as greater than about 35 cm, greater than about 40 cm, greater than about 45 cm, greater than about 50 cm, greater than about 55 cm, greater than about 60 cm, or within a range of about 30 cm to about 40 cm, about 35 cm to about 45 cm, about 40 cm to about 50 cm, about 45 cm to about 55 cm, about 50 cm to about 60 cm, or about 55 cm to about 60 cm, etc. For example, it has been found that increasing the length of the noise reduction tube 102 to be greater than 30 cm unexpectedly reduces the amplitude of the noise detected at and / or near the toilet bowl 104 caused by the turbulent flow of waste flowing through the flush valve 108 that is less than the amplitude of the noise at a length of 30 cm, especially at a length of less than 30 cm. Moreover, increasing the length of the noise reduction tube 102 to be greater than 30 cm further reduces the amplitude of the noise detected at and / or near the toilet bowl 104 caused by the turbulent flow of waste through the flush valve 108.

[0030] It has been found that increasing the length of the noise reduction tube 102 to be greater than 60 cm can have minimal impact on the amplitude of the noise detected at and / or near the toilet bowl 104 caused by the turbulent flow through the flush valve 108. For example, a noise reduction tube having a length of 90 cm can only slightly reduce (e.g., by 1 decibel or 2 decibels) the amplitude of the noise detected at and / or near the toilet bowl 104 caused by the turbulent flow through the flush valve 108 compared to a substantially similar noise reduction tube having a length of about 60 cm. However, it is noted that the noise reduction tube 102 can exhibit a length greater than about 60 cm, for example, when the noise reduction tube 102 exhibits an unoccupied space shape that requires the noise reduction tube 102 to exhibit a length greater than 60 cm or when a slight reduction in noise is desired.

[0031] The noise reduction tube 102 can exhibit a diameter greater than about 0.5 cm, such as greater than about 1 cm, greater than about 2 cm, greater than about 3 cm, greater than about 4 cm, greater than about 5 cm, greater than about 6 cm, greater than about 7 cm, greater than about 8 cm, greater than about 10 cm, or in a range from about 0.5 cm to about 2 cm, about 1 cm to about 3 cm, about 2 cm to about 4 cm, about 3 cm to about 5 cm, about 4 cm to about 6 cm, about 5 cm to about 7 cm, about 6 cm to about 8 cm, or about 7 cm to about 10 cm, etc. In examples, increasing the diameter of the noise reduction tube 102 can improve the laminar flow of waste flowing therethrough, thereby reducing the noise detected at and / or near the toilet bowl 104. In examples, as previously described, the diameter of the noise reduction tube 102 can influence the threshold values for the radius of curvature and / or length of the noise reduction tube 102.

[0032] In embodiments, instead of or in addition to one or more curved portions exhibiting a radius of curvature greater than about 5 cm, the noise reduction tube 102 can include one or more sharp bends therein. As used herein, one or more sharp bends are curved portions that exhibit a radius of curvature less than 4.5 cm. In examples, the noise reduction tube 102 includes one or more sharp bends at or near the second end of the noise reduction tube 102 (e.g., at or near the portion of the noise reduction tube 102 that connects to the flush valve 108). However, the sharp bends at or near the second end of the noise reduction tube 102 can have minimal influence on the amplitude of the noise generated at and / or near the toilet bowl 104 because the length of the noise reduction tube 102 acoustically isolates the sharp bends from the toilet bowl 104. In examples, the noise reduction tube 102 can include one or more sharp bends when the noise reduction tube 102 exhibits an unoccupied spatial shape that requires the noise reduction tube 102 to exhibit one or more sharp bends.

[0033] In embodiments, the noise reduction tube 102 is a rigid tube. The noise reduction tube 102 is rigid when the noise reduction tube 102 resists deformation and / or exhibits, for example, a modulus of elasticity greater than polyethylene. When the noise reduction tube 102 is a rigid tube, the noise reduction tube 102 can be manufactured (e.g., via 3D printing or injection molding) to exhibit a selected shape, such as an unoccupied spatial shape, etc. The rigid tube can be formed as two or more components that are configured to be attached together, which can facilitate placement of the rigid tube, such as when the rigid tube needs to be placed around or through an obstacle (e.g., as described above with respect to FIG. 1). In examples, the noise reduction tube 102 can be a rigid tube that is configured to be attached to the flush valve 108, such as via a threaded connection, a snap-fit connection, a press-fit connection, a friction-fit connection, a magnetic connection, etc. Figure 3The noise reduction tube 102 can be configured to be placed through the base 320 (as shown in FIG. 1). In embodiments, the noise reduction tube 102 is a flexible tube (e.g., a corrugated flexible tube). The noise reduction tube 102 is flexible when it can be easily deformed into a selected shape and / or retain a deformed shape after a force is removed therefrom. When the noise reduction tube 102 is flexible, the noise reduction tube 102 need not be manufactured into a selected shape. Instead, the noise reduction tube 102 can be deformed into its selected shape on-site, which can allow the noise reduction tube 102 to be custom fitted into unoccupied space shapes and / or placed through certain spaces (e.g., through the base 320 as shown in FIG. 1). Figure 3 The noise reduction tube 102 can be configured to be placed through the base 320 (as shown in FIG. 1). In embodiments, the noise reduction tube 102 is a flexible tube (e.g., a corrugated flexible tube). The noise reduction tube 102 is flexible when it can be easily deformed into a selected shape and / or retain a deformed shape after a force is removed therefrom. When the noise reduction tube 102 is flexible, the noise reduction tube 102 need not be manufactured into a selected shape. Instead, the noise reduction tube 102 can be deformed into its selected shape on-site, which can allow the noise reduction tube 102 to be custom fitted into unoccupied space shapes and / or placed through certain spaces (e.g., through the base 320 as shown in FIG. 1).

[0034] The noise reduction tube 102 can be configured to be connected to the outlet 106 of the toilet bowl 104 and the inlet 110 of the flush valve 108 using any suitable technique. In examples, the noise reduction tube 102 is configured to be connected to at least one of the outlet 106 or the inlet 110 using a threaded connection, a bolt or other suitable mechanical fastener, or via a press-fit.

[0035] The flush valve 108 can include any suitable valve. For example, the flush valve 108 can include a ball valve, a butterfly valve, a solenoid, or any other suitable valve. Depending on the type of valve that forms the flush valve 108, the flush valve 108 can include a body that forms the inlet 110 and the outlet. The flush valve 108 can also include a movable obstruction in the body that adjustably restricts fluid flow through the flush valve 108. The movable obstruction restricts fluid flow through the flush valve 108 when the flush valve 108 is in a closed state, and the movable obstruction allows fluid flow through the flush valve 108 when the flush valve 108 is in an open state.

[0036] The flush valve 108 also includes a valve actuator (e.g., integrally formed with or mechanically coupled to the flush valve 108) that is configured to switch the flush valve 108 between the open state and the closed state. For example, activating the valve actuator can move the movable obstruction of the flush valve 108 from a position that restricts waste flow through the flush valve 108 to a position that allows waste flow through the flush valve 108, and / or vice versa. The valve actuator can include any actuator that can switch the flush valve 108 between the closed state and the open state. For example, the flush valve 108 can be an electric motor, an electrical energy supply (e.g., when the flush valve 108 is a solenoid), or any other suitable actuator.

[0037] Conventional vacuum-assisted toilet systems generally have a flush valve positioned near or adjacent to a toilet bowl. For example, a flush valve of a conventional vacuum-assisted toilet system can be at least one of attached to a toilet bowl, attached to a structure supporting a toilet bowl, attached to a structure of a toilet bowl, or positioned within 15 cm of a toilet bowl (e.g., positioned within 15 cm of an outlet of a toilet bowl). In embodiments, flush valve 108 can be positioned near or adjacent to toilet bowl 104 like any of the flush valves of conventional vacuum-assisted toilet systems described above. In such embodiments, vacuum-assisted toilet system 100 can be used in locations configured to receive conventional vacuum-assisted toilet systems. For example, if flush valve 108 is spaced apart from toilet bowl 104, it can be difficult and / or expensive to redesign or modify an existing airplane or cruise ship design to accommodate vacuum-assisted toilet system 100. Further, positioning flush valve 108 close to toilet bowl 104 can allow vacuum-assisted toilet system 100 to be formed by retrofitting a conventional vacuum-assisted toilet system to include at least some features described herein (e.g., including noise reduction tube 102). However, in embodiments, flush valve 108 can be spaced apart from toilet bowl 104.

[0038] Vacuum-assisted toilet system 100 can include or be fluidly coupled to a waste collection system (e.g., a holding tank 114, a sewer system, a septic tank, etc.). For example, flush valve 108 can be fluidly coupled to a waste collection system. In embodiments, vacuum-assisted toilet system 100 is configured to be used on an airplane, a cruise ship, or other location that is not connected to a sewer system, a septic tank, or other suitable alternative. In such embodiments, the waste collection system includes at least one holding tank 114. Holding tank 114 is fluidly coupled to flush valve 108 and defines an interior space configured to receive and store waste in at least a substantially fluid-tight manner.

[0039] In embodiments, holding tank 114 can be fluidly connected to flush valve 108 via a first conduit 116. First conduit 116 can extend between flush valve 108 and holding tank 114. In embodiments, first conduit 116 can be omitted from vacuum-assisted toilet system 100, for example, when flush valve 108 is adjacent to or integral with holding tank 114. Holding tank 114 can also be fluidly connected to vacuum source 112, for example, via a second conduit 118 (e.g., a second conduit 118 extending between holding tank 114 and vacuum source 112). In embodiments, second conduit 118 can be omitted from vacuum-assisted toilet system 100, for example, when holding tank 114 is adjacent to or integral with vacuum source 112.

[0040] Note that the storage tank 114 can be omitted from the vacuum-assisted toilet system 100, for example, when the waste collection system includes a sewer system, a septic tank, etc. For example, when the vacuum-assisted toilet system 100 is configured for use in a residential application, the storage tank 114 can be omitted from the vacuum-assisted toilet system 100 since, typically, a residential building is connected to a sewer system, a septic tank, etc. When the storage tank 114 is omitted from the vacuum-assisted toilet system 100, the first conduit 116 can extend from the flush valve 108 toward the vacuum source 112, or the flush valve 108 can be positioned adjacent to or integral with the vacuum source 112.

[0041] As discussed, the vacuum-assisted toilet system 100 includes a vacuum source 112 configured to apply a vacuum (e.g., a pressure that is significantly less than a room pressure) to one or more components of the vacuum-assisted toilet system 100 depending on whether the flush valve 108 is in its respective open or closed state. In the illustrated embodiment, the vacuum source 112 is configured to apply a vacuum to the storage tank 114 such that the interior space of the storage tank 114 is rendered vacuumed. Rendering the interior space of the storage tank 114 vacuumed can facilitate pulling waste into the storage tank 114. The vacuum source 112 can also apply a vacuum to at least the downstream side of the flush valve 108. When the flush valve 108 is in the open state, the vacuum source 112 also applies a vacuum to the toilet bowl 104, pulling waste into the storage tank 114.

[0042] Note that when the waste collection system does not include a storage tank 114, the vacuum source 112 can be positioned between the flush valve 108 and the sewer system, septic tank, etc. The vacuum source 112 can apply a vacuum to the location between the flush valve 108 and the sewer system, septic tank, etc., thereby pulling waste to the location and toward the sewer system, septic tank, etc.

[0043] The type of vacuum source 112 used in the vacuum-assisted toilet system 100 can depend on the application of the vacuum-assisted toilet system 100. In embodiments, the vacuum source 112 can be a vacuum pump, for example, when the vacuum source 112 is used in a cruise ship, residential application, or the like. In embodiments, when the vacuum-assisted toilet system 100 is used in an airplane, the vacuum source 112 can be the exterior of the airplane. For example, during flight, the interior of the airplane can exhibit a pressure of about 0.7 atmospheres to about 1.0 atmospheres (e.g., indoor pressure), while the exterior of the airplane exhibits a pressure of about 0.4 atmospheres or less at a cruising altitude of about 35,000 feet. In other words, the exterior of the airplane is a vacuum relative to the pressure of the interior of the airplane. The exterior of the airplane can be the vacuum source 112, and the second conduit 118 can extend from the storage tank 114 to the exterior of the airplane. However, it is noted that when the vacuum-assisted toilet system 100 is used in an airplane, the vacuum source 112 can include a vacuum pump instead of or in addition to the exterior of the airplane. In embodiments, the vacuum source 112 can be integrally formed with the water tank. For example, when the water tank is substantially fluid-tight, evacuating the water tank can create a vacuum in the water tank. The vacuum in the water tank can then be used to remove waste from the toilet bowl 104 (e.g., including water that was originally in the water tank).

[0044] The vacuum-assisted toilet system 100 can include one or more additional components. For example, the vacuum-assisted toilet system 100 can include at least one additional valve, a source of high pressure, a controller at least partially controlling operation of one or more components of the vacuum-assisted toilet system 100, one or more additional flush valves, a source of water, a water actuator, and the like, as disclosed in the application titled “Vacuum-Assisted Toilet System and Method of Use,” having a to-be-determined (TBD) filing date (TBD) and a to-be-determined (TBD) application number (Attorney Docket No. 280773WO01_495273-55) and / or the application titled “Vacuum-Assisted Toilet System and Method of Use,” having a to-be-determined (TBD) filing date (TBD) and a to-be-determined (TBD) application number (Attorney Docket No. 280774WO01_495273-56), the disclosure of each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0045] Figure 2A is an isometric view of a vacuum-assisted toilet system 200 according to embodiments. Unless otherwise disclosed herein, the vacuum-assisted toilet system 200 includes a toilet bowl 204 having an outlet (not shown, occluded). The toilet bowl 204 can be supported above a surface (e.g., a floor) by a base 220. The vacuum-assisted toilet system 200 also includes a noise-reducing pipe 202 extending from the outlet toward a flush valve (not shown). The noise-reducing pipe 202 includes a first end 222 Figure 2B) and an opposite second end 224, the first end 222 configured to attach to the outlet of the toilet bowl 204 and the second end 224 configured to attach to the flush valve.

[0046] In embodiments, the area below the toilet bowl 204 and, possibly, a short distance radially from the toilet bowl 204 can be unoccupied space. Further, the shortest path from the outlet of the toilet bowl 204 to the flush valve can also be unoccupied space. Accordingly, the noise reduction pipe 202 can exhibit an unoccupied space shape configured to fit within the unoccupied space.

[0047] Figure 2B is a side view of a noise reduction pipe 202 according to an embodiment, the noise reduction pipe 202 exhibiting an unoccupied space shape configured to fit into unoccupied portions of the vacuum-assisted toilet system 200. For example, the noise reduction pipe 202 can include a first portion 226a extending from the first end 222 and away from the outlet of the toilet bowl 204. The first portion 226a can extend a short distance from the toilet bowl 204 to a first bend 228a, such that the noise reduction pipe 202 remains in unoccupied space of the vacuum-assisted toilet system 200. The noise reduction pipe 202 can include a second portion 226b extending from the first bend 228a to a second bend 228b. The second portion 226b can remain generally parallel to the surface, thereby increasing the length of the noise reduction pipe 202. The noise reduction pipe 202 can include a third portion 226c extending from the second bend 228b to a third bend 228c. Similar to the second portion 226b, the third portion 226c can be generally parallel to the surface. However, the third portion 226c can be closer to the surface (e.g., adjacent to the surface) than the fourth portion 226d. The fourth portion 226d can extend upwardly from the third bend 228c, such that the second end 224 is proximate to the inlet of the flush valve, which in many embodiments is space above the surface (e.g., spaced apart above a floor or floor surface). The third portion 226c can extend from the third bend 228c to a fourth bend 228d. In the illustrated embodiment, the second end 224 of the noise reduction pipe 202 is at the fourth bend 228d. However, it is noted that the noise reduction pipe 202 can include one or more portions extending from the fourth bend 228d (and any accompanying bends) to the second end 224.

[0048] In embodiments, all of the bends of the noise-reducing tube 202 (e.g., all of the first bend 228a, the second bend 228b, the third bend 228c, and the fourth bend 228d) exhibit a radius of curvature that is greater than about 5 cm. In embodiments, at least one bend of the noise-reducing tube 202 exhibits a radius of curvature that is less than 4.5 cm (e.g., is a sharp bend). For example, as shown, the fourth bend 228d exhibits a radius of curvature that is less than 4.5 cm. However, since the fourth bend 228d is spaced apart from the toilet bowl 204 by substantially all of the length of the noise-reducing tube 202, any noise generated by the flow of waste through the fourth bend 228d is partially acoustically isolated by the length of the noise-reducing tube 202.

[0049] Referring back to Figure 2A , the noise-reducing tube 202 exhibits a length that is substantially greater than the shortest path between the outlet of the toilet bowl 204 and the inlet of the flush valve. As such, the noise-reducing tube 202 acoustically isolates the toilet bowl 204 from noise generated by turbulent flow of waste through the flush valve, which is superior to a conventional tube that follows or substantially follows the shortest path between the outlet of the toilet bowl 204 and the inlet of the flush valve.

[0050] Figure 3 is an isometric view of a vacuum-assisted toilet system 300 including a noise-reducing tube 302 according to embodiments. The vacuum-assisted toilet system 300 can be the same as or substantially similar to any of the vacuum-assisted toilet systems disclosed herein, except as otherwise disclosed herein. For example, the vacuum-assisted toilet system 300 includes a toilet bowl 304 defining an outlet (not shown). The vacuum-assisted toilet system 300 also includes a base 320 that supports the toilet bowl 304 on a surface.

[0051] In embodiments, similar to Figure 2A the vacuum-assisted toilet system 300, the area below the toilet bowl 304, and possibly the area extending radially a slight distance from the toilet bowl 304, can be unoccupied space. Further, the shortest path from the outlet of the toilet bowl 304 to the flush valve can also be unoccupied space. Additionally, the base 320 can define unoccupied space. In examples, as shown, the base 320 can include a front plate 330 and a back plate 332 and the space therebetween. In examples, the base 320 can be substantially hollow, allowing for a hole to be formed therein through which the noise-reducing tube 302 can be positioned.

[0052] The noise reduction tube 302 can exhibit an unoccupied spatial shape that is configured to fit within the unoccupied spaces. For example, the noise reduction tube 302 can include a first portion 326a that extends from a first end (not shown, occluded) of the noise reduction tube 302 and away from an outlet of the toilet bowl 304. The first portion 326a can extend a short distance away from the toilet bowl 304 to a first bend 328a, such that the noise reduction tube 302 remains in unoccupied space of the vacuum-assisted toilet system 300. The first bend 328a can be configured and selected to bend the noise reduction tube 302 to a front-facing side of the front panel 330. The noise reduction tube 302 can include a second portion 326b that extends from the first bend 328a to a second bend 328b. The second portion 326b can have a length sufficient to extend across the front panel 330, and can be selected such that the second bend 328b is at or near the surface to maximize the length of the noise reduction tube 302. The second bend 328b can be configured to bend the noise reduction tube 302 around the front panel 330. The noise reduction tube 302 can include a third portion 326c that extends from the second bend 328b to a third bend (not shown, occluded). The third portion 326c can be selected to extend through a gap between the front panel 330 and the back panel 332. The third bend can bend the noise reduction tube 302 toward an inlet of the flush valve. The noise reduction tube 302 can also include a fourth portion 326d that extends from the third bend toward the inlet of the flush valve.

[0053] Figure 4 is a partial cross-sectional side view of a vacuum-assisted toilet system 400 including a noise reduction tube 402 according to an embodiment. The vacuum-assisted toilet system 400 can be the same as or substantially similar to any of the vacuum-assisted toilet systems disclosed herein, except as otherwise disclosed herein. For example, the vacuum-assisted toilet system 400 includes a toilet bowl 404 defining an outlet (not shown, occluded) and a flush valve 408.

[0054] The toilet bowl 404 includes an inner wall 434 that defines an interior region 436 of the toilet bowl 404 that is configured to receive and contain waste. The toilet bowl 404 also includes an outer wall 438. The inner wall 434 and the outer wall 438 define a gap 440 therebetween. The gap 440 can be unoccupied space. Accordingly, the noise reduction tube 402 can be configured to extend at least partially through the gap 440. For example, the noise reduction tube 402 can extend from the outlet of the toilet bowl 404. The noise reduction tube 402 can then exhibit a bend at, near, or a short distance from the outlet. At least a portion of the bend of the noise reduction tube 402 can be configured to substantially follow the inner wall 434 and / or the outer wall 438, such that the noise reduction tube 402 fits within the gap 440.

[0055] Figure 5is an isometric view of a vacuum-assisted toilet system 500 according to an embodiment, including a noise reduction tube 502 (the obscured portions of the noise reduction tube 502 are shown in dashed lines). The vacuum-assisted toilet system 500 is the same as or substantially the same as any other vacuum-assisted toilet system disclosed herein, except as otherwise disclosed herein. For example, the vacuum-assisted toilet system 500 can include a toilet bowl 504 defining an outlet (not shown, obscured), a base 520, and a noise reduction tube 502 extending from the outlet of the toilet bowl.

[0056] As discussed, the noise reduction tube 502 can include a flexible tube or a rigid tube. In the illustrated embodiment, the noise reduction tube 502 can include both a flexible tube and a rigid tube. For example, the noise reduction tube 502 can include a first portion 526a extending from the first end 522, which is flexible (e.g., formed from a corrugated flexible tube), which allows the first portion 526a to be positioned in unoccupied space below or substantially below the toilet bowl 504. The noise reduction tube 502 can also include a second portion 526b extending from the second end 524, which is a rigid tube that can facilitate attachment to a flush valve. The first and second portions 526a, 526b can be coupled together.

[0057] The noise reduction tube 502 can include a first bend 528a configured to hold the noise reduction tube 502 below or substantially below the toilet bowl 504 and wrap the noise reduction tube 502 around a side or a back of the base 520. The noise reduction tube 502 can include a second bend 528b configured to hold the noise reduction tube 502 below or substantially below the toilet bowl 504 and wrap the noise reduction tube 502 approximately 180° (± 45°), such that the noise reduction tube 502 extends in a generally opposite direction after the second bend 528b than before the second bend 528b. The noise reduction tube 502 can then include a third bend 528c configured to hold the noise reduction tube 502 below or substantially below the toilet bowl 504. The third bend 528c can terminate at or near the location where the first portion 526a and the second portion 526b intersect. The noise reduction tube 502 can then include a fourth bend 528d configured to allow the second end 524 of the noise reduction tube 502 to be positioned adjacent to an inlet of a flush valve, such that the noise reduction tube 502 can be connected to the flush valve.

[0058] Figure 2A - Figure 5The noise-reducing tubes 202, 302, 402, and 502 shown in the middle are merely examples of some possible unoccupied space shapes that any of the noise-reducing tubes disclosed herein can exhibit. However, note that the noise-reducing tubes disclosed herein can exhibit any other suitable unoccupied space shape. For example, the noise-reducing tubes can exhibit any other suitable shape configured to fit within the unoccupied space that is at least one of below or substantially below the toilet bowl, within or defined by the base, within the toilet bowl (e.g., between the inner and outer walls of the toilet bowl), or any other suitable unoccupied space. Also note that the noise-reducing tubes disclosed herein can not exhibit an unoccupied space shape.

[0059] The following working examples provide further details related to the specific vacuum-assisted toilet systems disclosed herein.

[0060] Working Example 1

[0061] The vacuum-assisted toilet system of Working Example 1 includes a toilet bowl defining an outlet, a flush valve having an inlet, a storage tank fluidically coupled to the flush valve via a first conduit, and a vacuum pump fluidically coupled to the storage tank via a second conduit to expose an interior space of the storage tank to a vacuum. A microphone is disposed in or near the toilet bowl to detect noise generated during use of the vacuum-assisted toilet system.

[0062] A plurality of different conduits are used to fluidically couple the outlet of the toilet bowl to the inlet of the flush valve. Each conduit includes a bend having a different radius of curvature therein. One of the conduits is a conventional conduit (e.g., a conduit having a radius of curvature less than 4.5 cm), and the remaining conduits are noise-reducing tubes (e.g., conduits having a radius of curvature greater than 5 cm). The radius of curvature of each conduit is as shown in Figure 6 As shown, each conduit has a length of about 170 cm and a diameter of about 5 cm, which is structurally similar to Figure 5 the conduit 502 of FIG. 5. Each conduit is used by the flush vacuum-assisted toilet system to test for noise generated by waste flowing through each conduit.

[0063] Figure 6 A plot showing noise (in decibels) as a function of time after flushing the vacuum-assisted toilet system of Working Example 1 using a plurality of different conduits is shown. Figure 6 The conventional conduit, which includes a bend having a radius of curvature of 4.5 cm, exhibits two peaks in the amplitude of the detected noise at about 0.5 seconds and about 4.2 seconds. These peaks in the detected noise are caused by switching the flush valve between an open state and a closed state. However, Figure 6indicating that each noise-reducing tube eliminates or substantially eliminates the detected amplitude peak of the noise at about 0.5 seconds and significantly reduces the amplitude of the detected noise at 4.2 seconds. For example, Figure 6 indicating that the noise-reducing tube reduces the amplitude of the detected noise at 0.5 seconds by at least about 15 decibels and at 4.2 seconds by at least about 3 decibels. Figure 6 Further indicating that each noise-reducing tube reduces the amplitude of the detected noise by about 4 decibels - 9 decibels for most of the time between 0.5 seconds and 4.2 seconds. Thus, Figure 6 indicating that increasing the radius of curvature of the tube to be greater than about 5 cm reduces the amplitude of the detected noise.

[0064] However, Figure 6 Further indicating that increasing the radius of curvature beyond the threshold does not significantly reduce the amplitude of the detected noise. The threshold for the radius of curvature of the particular tube used in the working example of the particular vacuum-assisted toilet system of the working example was about 9.5 cm. However, as discussed, the threshold for the radius of curvature can vary depending on the particular tube and the particular vacuum-assisted toilet system.

[0065] Working Example 2

[0066] The vacuum-assisted toilet system of Working Example 2 includes a toilet bowl defining an outlet, a flush valve having an inlet, a holding tank fluidly coupled to the flush valve via a first tube, and a vacuum pump fluidly coupled to the holding tank via a second tube such that an interior space of the holding tank is exposed to a vacuum. A microphone is disposed in or near the toilet bowl to detect noise generated during use of the vacuum-assisted toilet system.

[0067] A plurality of different tubes are used to fluidly couple the outlet of the toilet bowl to the inlet of the flush valve. Each tube exhibits a radius of curvature that is greater than a threshold value for the tube. These tubes include one conventional tube that exhibits a length of 15 cm and a plurality of noise-reducing tubes that exhibit a length of 30 cm or more. Each of the noise-reducing tubes exhibits a different length ranging from 30 cm to 185 cm. Figure 7 The length of each tube is shown. Each tube is used to test the noise generated by waste flowing through the tube by flushing the vacuum-assisted toilet system using each tube.

[0068] Figure 7 A graph showing noise (in decibels) as a function of time after flushing the vacuum-assisted toilet system of Working Example 2 using a plurality of different tubes is shown. Figure 7 The conventional tube is shown to exhibit two peaks in the amplitude of the detected noise at about 0.5 seconds and about 4.2 seconds. These peaks in the detected noise are generated by switching the flush valve between an open state and a closed state. However, Figure 7indicating that each noise reducing tube eliminates or significantly reduces the peak in the amplitude of the detected noise at about 0.5 seconds and significantly reduces the amplitude of the detected noise at 4.2 seconds. Figure 7 It is also indicated that each noise reducing tube reduces the amplitude of the detected noise for a majority of the time between 0.5 seconds and 4.2 seconds. Thus, Figure 7 It is indicated that increasing the length of the tube beyond about 30 cm reduces the amplitude of the detected noise.

[0069] While various aspects and embodiments have been disclosed herein, other aspects and embodiments can be conceived. The various aspects and embodiments disclosed herein are for illustrative purposes and are not meant to be limiting.

Claims

1. A vacuum-assisted toilet system, comprising: Toilet bowl, wherein the toilet bowl has a defined outlet; A base that supports the toilet bowl above a surface; A flushing valve configured to switch between an open state and a closed state, the flushing valve including an inlet; A noise-reducing tube, which is rigid, extends between the outlet of a toilet bowl and the inlet of a flush valve. The tube includes a first end coupled to the outlet of the toilet bowl and a second end coupled to the inlet of the flush valve. The tube defines a fluid flow path extending from the first end to the second end. The tube includes two or more bends between the first and second ends, each of which presents a radius of curvature greater than 5 cm measured along the center of the fluid flow path. The bends cause at least a portion of the noise-reducing tube to include a first bend and a second bend, the first bend being configured to bend the noise-reducing tube from a first side of the base to an adjacent side of the base, and the second bend being configured to surround the noise-reducing tube approximately 180 degrees, such that the noise-reducing tube extends in substantially opposite directions after the second bend compared to before the second bend, wherein the first bend and the second bend hold the noise-reducing tube below or substantially below the toilet bowl; wherein the noise-reducing tube exhibits a length greater than approximately 30 cm measured along the center of the fluid flow path; and A vacuum source, which is fluidly coupled to the flushing valve and positioned downstream of the flushing valve.

2. The vacuum-assisted toilet system according to claim 1, wherein, The radius of curvature of each of the two or more bends in the noise-reducing tube is greater than approximately 9 cm.

3. The vacuum-assisted toilet system according to claim 1, wherein, The length of the noise-canceling tube is approximately 30cm to about 60cm.

4. The vacuum-assisted toilet system according to claim 1, wherein, The flushing valve is positioned 15 cm from the outlet of the toilet bowl.

5. The vacuum-assisted toilet system according to claim 1, wherein, The length of the noise-reducing pipe, measured along the center of the fluid flow path, is greater than the distance between the outlet of the toilet bowl and the inlet of the flush valve.

6. The vacuum-assisted toilet system according to claim 1, wherein, The noise-reducing tube has two or more bends, including multiple bends.

7. The vacuum-assisted toilet system according to claim 1, wherein, The noise reduction tube further includes one or more sharp bends at or near the second end, wherein the one or more sharp bends have a radius of curvature of less than 4.5 cm.

8. The vacuum-assisted toilet system according to claim 1, wherein, Two or more bends in the noise-reducing tube cause the tube to include at least one loop that surrounds or passes through a base that supports the toilet bowl above a surface.

9. A vacuum-assisted toilet system, comprising: Toilet bowl, wherein the toilet bowl has a defined outlet; A flushing valve configured to switch between an open state and a closed state, the flushing valve including an inlet; A noise-reducing tube extends between the outlet of the toilet bowl and the inlet of the flush valve. The noise-reducing tube includes a first end coupled to the outlet of the toilet bowl and a second end coupled to the inlet of the flush valve. The noise-reducing tube defines a fluid flow path extending from the first end to the second end. The noise-reducing tube includes two or more bends between the first end and the second end. Each of the two or more bends presents a radius of curvature greater than 5 cm measured along the center of the fluid flow path of the two or more bends. The noise-reducing tube presents a length greater than about 30 cm measured along the center of the fluid flow path. A vacuum source, fluidly coupled to and positioned downstream of the flush valve; two or more bends in the noise-reducing tube such that at least a portion of the noise-reducing tube includes a first bend and a second bend, the first bend being configured to bend the noise-reducing tube from a first side of the base to an adjacent side of the base, the second bend being configured to surround the noise-reducing tube approximately 180 degrees such that the noise-reducing tube extends in substantially opposite directions after the second bend compared to before the second bend, wherein the first bend and the second bend hold the noise-reducing tube below or substantially below the toilet bowl.

10. The vacuum-assisted toilet system according to claim 9, wherein, The length of the noise-canceling tube is approximately 30cm to about 60cm.

11. The vacuum-assisted toilet system according to claim 9, wherein, The radius of curvature of at least one of the two or more bends of the noise-reducing tube is greater than about 9 cm.

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