Laminated assembly, dimming control method and vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a laminated assembly, a dimming control method and a vehicle. The laminated assembly comprises a dimming diaphragm, an electromagnetic field antenna structure and a controller. The electromagnetic field antenna structure comprises an electromagnetic field generation unit and an electromagnetic field induction unit, the electromagnetic field generation unit is used for generating an electromagnetic field, and the electromagnetic field induction unit is used for converting an induced electromagnetic field signal into an electric signal; the controller is connected with the dimming diaphragm, the electromagnetic field generation unit and the electromagnetic field induction unit, and is used for outputting an excitation signal to the electromagnetic field generation unit, so that the electromagnetic field generation unit generates an electromagnetic field under the action of the excitation signal, receives an electric signal output by the electromagnetic field induction unit, identifies a dimming gesture according to the electric signal, and sends the dimming gesture to the dimming diaphragm. And the light transmittance of the dimming diaphragm is adjusted according to the recognized dimming gesture. The assembly is low in cost, low in power consumption, high in interference resistance and capable of achieving integration of gesture recognition and dimming.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of dimming technology, and in particular to a stacked component, a dimming control method, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of automotive intelligence, gesture control has gradually become an important function to enhance the driving experience, but existing automotive gesture recognition technology still has many shortcomings.

[0003] Current mainstream technologies are mostly based on infrared cameras or Time-of-Flight (ToF) sensors, which not only have high hardware costs but are also susceptible to interference from environmental factors such as strong light and complex backgrounds, resulting in unstable recognition rates and significant response delays in some systems. Furthermore, existing technologies have high power consumption, making it impossible to deeply integrate with automotive glass for unified perception, and rear passengers cannot independently adjust the light transmittance of specific areas of the glass.

[0004] The aforementioned problems limit the practicality of dimming functions in automotive smart glass. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a low-cost, low-power, anti-interference, and gesture recognition and dimming integration technology solution. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a stacked component, a dimming control method, and a vehicle to address the aforementioned technical problems.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a stacked component, the stacked component comprising:

[0007] dimming film;

[0008] The electromagnetic field antenna structure includes an electromagnetic field generating unit and an electromagnetic field sensing unit. The electromagnetic field generating unit is used to generate an electromagnetic field, and the electromagnetic field sensing unit is used to convert the sensed electromagnetic field signal into an electrical signal.

[0009] The dimming film, electromagnetic field generating unit, and electromagnetic field sensing unit are used to connect to the controller. The controller outputs an excitation signal to the electromagnetic field generating unit so that the electromagnetic field generating unit generates an electromagnetic field under the action of the excitation signal. It also receives the electrical signal output by the electromagnetic field sensing unit, recognizes the dimming gesture based on the electrical signal, and adjusts the light transmittance of the dimming film based on the recognized dimming gesture.

[0010] In one embodiment, a dimming diaphragm is disposed in the light-transmitting area of ​​the stacked component, and an electromagnetic field antenna structure is disposed in the light-blocking area of ​​the stacked component.

[0011] In one embodiment, both the dimming diaphragm and the electromagnetic field antenna structure are disposed in the light-transmitting area of ​​the stacked component, and the projection of the electromagnetic field antenna structure on the dimming diaphragm is located in the area where the dimming diaphragm is located, and the target area of ​​the dimming diaphragm is hollowed out.

[0012] The target area includes at least the projection area of ​​the electromagnetic field antenna structure on the dimming diaphragm.

[0013] In one embodiment, the electromagnetic field generating unit includes:

[0014] The first radiator has its input end connected to the output end of the controller to generate an electromagnetic field under the excitation signal provided by the controller.

[0015] The electromagnetic field induction unit includes:

[0016] Multiple second radiators are arranged around the first radiator. The output terminals of the multiple second radiators are connected one-to-one with the multiple input terminals of the controller. The second radiators are used to convert the sensed electromagnetic field signal into an electrical signal and send it to the controller.

[0017] In one embodiment, the plurality of second radiators are symmetrically distributed.

[0018] In one embodiment, every two symmetrical second radiators have the same shape.

[0019] In one embodiment, both the first radiator and the second radiator are transparent conductive electrodes.

[0020] In one embodiment, the frequency band of the electromagnetic field supported by the electromagnetic field generating unit is different from the frequency band of the electromagnetic field generated by the electrodes on both sides of the dimming diaphragm.

[0021] In one embodiment, applied to vehicles, the electromagnetic field antenna structure occupies an area greater than or equal to 100 cm². 2 .

[0022] Secondly, this application also provides a dimming control method, applied to a controller in the stacked component of the above embodiments, the method comprising:

[0023] The excitation signal is output to the electromagnetic field generating unit so that the electromagnetic field generating unit generates an electromagnetic field under the action of the excitation signal;

[0024] Receives the electrical signal output by the electromagnetic field induction unit;

[0025] Dimming gestures are recognized based on electrical signals;

[0026] The light transmittance of the dimming film is adjusted based on the recognized dimming gesture.

[0027] In one embodiment, prior to the step of recognizing the dimming gesture based on the electrical signal, the method further includes:

[0028] Filter out electrical signals in non-target frequency bands, which are frequency bands different from the frequency bands of the electromagnetic fields generated by the electromagnetic field generating unit.

[0029] In one embodiment, receiving the electrical signal output by the electromagnetic field sensing unit includes:

[0030] Electrical signals are continuously acquired at a preset sampling frequency;

[0031] If the difference between the electrical signal acquired at the current moment and the electrical signal acquired at the previous moment is greater than a preset threshold, the current moment is taken as the starting sampling moment, and the electrical signal is continuously acquired within a preset sampling time at a preset sampling frequency to obtain the electrical signal corresponding to each sampling moment within the preset sampling time.

[0032] Dimming gestures are recognized based on electrical signals, including:

[0033] The dimming gesture is identified based on the electrical signal corresponding to each sampling moment within the preset sampling time.

[0034] In one embodiment, before the step of recognizing the dimming gesture based on the electrical signal corresponding to each sampling moment within a preset sampling time, the method further includes:

[0035] Determine the difference between two electrical signals corresponding to all adjacent sampling times within a preset sampling time;

[0036] Based on the difference between two electrical signals corresponding to all adjacent sampling times within the preset sampling time, abnormal electrical signals are identified and eliminated to obtain the preprocessed electrical signal dataset.

[0037] Based on the electrical signal corresponding to each sampling moment within a preset sampling time, the dimming gesture is identified, including:

[0038] Dimming gestures are identified based on the preprocessed electrical signal dataset.

[0039] In one embodiment, recognizing dimming gestures based on a preprocessed electrical signal dataset includes:

[0040] Based on the electrical signal corresponding to the start sampling time, the electrical signal corresponding to the end sampling time, and the difference and mean between two electrical signals corresponding to all adjacent sampling times within the preset sampling time, the trend of electromagnetic field change is determined.

[0041] The dimming gesture is determined based on the electromagnetic field change trend and the preset mapping relationship table;

[0042] The preset mapping table is used to characterize the mapping relationship between the electromagnetic field change trend and the dimming gesture; the termination sampling time is the time corresponding to the last occurrence within the preset sampling time when the difference between the electrical signal collected at the current time and the electrical signal collected at the previous time is greater than the preset threshold.

[0043] In one embodiment, the step of constructing the preset mapping table includes:

[0044] Perform multiple dimming gesture operations in the signal transmission and reception area of ​​the electromagnetic field antenna structure;

[0045] During the process of performing multiple dimming gesture operations in the signal transceiver area of ​​the electromagnetic field antenna structure, the electrical signal is continuously collected at a preset sampling frequency within a preset sampling time to obtain the electrical signal corresponding to each sampling moment within the preset sampling time.

[0046] Based on the electrical signal corresponding to the start sampling time, the electrical signal corresponding to the end sampling time, the difference and mean between two electrical signals corresponding to all adjacent sampling times within the preset sampling time, the trend of electromagnetic field change is determined.

[0047] Establish and store a mapping table between electromagnetic field change trends and dimming gesture operations.

[0048] Thirdly, this application provides a means of transportation, which includes:

[0049] The vehicle body, and the stacked assembly in the above embodiments, which is used for mounting on the vehicle body.

[0050] The aforementioned stacked components, dimming control method, and vehicle have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0051] By working together with the dimming diaphragm, electromagnetic field antenna structure and controller, electromagnetic field gesture recognition is combined with the dimming function of the dimming diaphragm. There is no need for infrared cameras and ToF sensors, which reduces hardware costs and is not affected by strong light or other environmental interference, thus improving recognition stability. Moreover, there is no need for physical buttons. Dimming can be completed by gesture operation within the electromagnetic field, which simplifies the process. At the same time, the electromagnetic field technology has low power consumption, which reduces energy consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0052] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0053] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a stacked component in one embodiment;

[0054] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic field antenna structure and dimming diaphragm distribution in a stacked component in one embodiment;

[0055] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic field antenna structure and dimming diaphragm distribution in a stacked assembly in another embodiment;

[0056] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the stacked component at the SS section;

[0057] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic field antenna structure in one embodiment;

[0058] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating a dimming control method in one embodiment;

[0059] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating the dimming control method in another embodiment;

[0060] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating the dimming control method in yet another embodiment;

[0061] Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps for determining the dimming gesture in one embodiment;

[0062] Figure 10 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps for constructing a preset mapping relationship table in one embodiment;

[0063] Figure 11 This is a structural block diagram of a dimming control device in one embodiment;

[0064] Figure 12 This is an internal structural diagram of a computer device in one embodiment.

[0065] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 2-Dimming film, 4-Electromagnetic field antenna structure, 42-Electromagnetic field generating unit, 422-First radiator, 44-Electromagnetic field sensing unit, 442-Second radiator, 6-Controller, 100-First glass substrate, 102-First adhesive layer, 104-Second adhesive layer, 106-Second glass substrate, A-Transparent area, B-Non-transparent area, C-Target area. Detailed Implementation

[0066] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0067] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0068] It is understood that the terms “first,” “second,” etc., used in this application may be used herein to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another.

[0069] Spatial relation terms such as “below,” “under,” “below,” “under,” “above,” “above,” etc., are used herein to describe the relationship between one element or feature shown in the figure and other elements or features. It should be understood that, in addition to the orientation shown in the figure, spatial relation terms also include different orientations of the device in use and operation. For example, if the device in the figure is flipped, the element or feature described as “below,” “under,” or “below” will be oriented “above” the other element or feature. Therefore, the exemplary terms “below” and “under” can include both above and below orientations. Furthermore, the device may also include other orientations (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or other orientations), and the spatial descriptive terms used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0070] It should be noted that when one element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or connected to the other element through an intermediary element. Furthermore, in the following embodiments, "connection" should be understood as "electrical connection," "communication connection," etc., if there is transmission of electrical signals or data between the connected objects.

[0071] When used herein, the singular forms of “a,” “an,” and “the” may also include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms “comprising,” “including,” or “having,” etc., specify the presence of the stated feature, whole, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof, but do not preclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

[0072] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 1As shown, this application provides a stacked component, which includes a dimming diaphragm 2 and an electromagnetic field antenna structure 4. The electromagnetic field antenna structure 4 includes an electromagnetic field generating unit 42 and an electromagnetic field sensing unit 44. The electromagnetic field generating unit 42 is used to generate an electromagnetic field, and the electromagnetic field sensing unit 44 is used to convert the sensed electromagnetic field signal into an electrical signal. A controller 6 is connected to the dimming diaphragm 2, the electromagnetic field generating unit 42 and the electromagnetic field sensing unit 44 respectively. The controller 6 is used to output an excitation signal to the electromagnetic field generating unit 42 so that the electromagnetic field generating unit 42 generates an electromagnetic field under the action of the excitation signal, and to receive the electrical signal output by the electromagnetic field sensing unit 44. The controller 6 recognizes the dimming gesture according to the electrical signal and adjusts the light transmittance of the dimming diaphragm 2 according to the recognized dimming gesture.

[0073] The controller 6 and the stacked component can be flexibly integrated or separate to adapt to different application scenarios and installation requirements. When integrated, the controller 6 can form an integrated structure with the stacked component through various forms, including but not limited to embedded and external embedding. The embedded form allows the controller 6 to be embedded into the internal layer or reserved installation cavity of the stacked component, while the external form can be fixed to the surface or edge of the stacked component through snaps, adhesives, or fasteners. Furthermore, the connection methods between the controller 6 and the dimming diaphragm 2, the electromagnetic field generating unit 42, and the electromagnetic field sensing unit 44 are versatile and adaptable. This includes, but is not limited to, direct wire connections such as ribbon cables and wires, as well as wireless communication connections such as Bluetooth, WiFi, NFC, and ZigBee, ensuring the stability of signal transmission and ease of installation. When a split configuration is adopted, the controller 6 can be an independently packaged control module (such as an integrated chip, an independent box-type control unit, or a modular plug-in), or it can directly reuse the existing vehicle system. By interfacing with the hardware interface or adapting the software protocol with the vehicle system, it can achieve unified and coordinated control of the dimming diaphragm 2, the electromagnetic field generating unit 42, and the electromagnetic field sensing unit 44, thereby improving system integration and resource utilization.

[0074] In one embodiment, the dimming film 2 can refer to a PDLC (polymer dispersed liquid crystal) film, which can change its light transmission state through electrode drive to meet the user's needs for in-vehicle lighting in different scenarios. A dimming gesture refers to a specific hand movement made by the user within the electromagnetic field range generated by the electromagnetic field antenna structure 4, which can be recognized and trigger a dimming action. Its trajectory and movement characteristics interfere with the distribution of the electromagnetic field. Common dimming gestures include directional movements such as waving upwards and downwards, with different gestures corresponding to different light transmittance adjustment requirements. For example, waving upwards corresponds to brightening the dimming film 2, and waving downwards corresponds to dimming the dimming film 2. The dimming gesture must be recognizable; the resulting change in the electromagnetic field must be captured by the electromagnetic field sensing unit 44 and converted into a valid electrical signal, which is then interpreted by the controller 6 into a clear dimming command to achieve the purpose of adjusting the light transmittance of the dimming film 2 as needed.

[0075] For example, the controller 6 outputs an excitation signal to the electromagnetic field generating unit 42 in the electromagnetic field antenna structure 4. Under the action of the excitation signal, the electromagnetic field generating unit 42 is activated and generates an electromagnetic field covering a specific range. This electromagnetic field range needs to cover the area where the user may make dimming gestures (such as near the rearview mirror of the car, the roof control area, etc.).

[0076] When a user needs to dim the screen, they will make a specific dimming gesture (such as waving upwards or downwards) within the electromagnetic field range generated by the electromagnetic field generating unit 42. Because the human body is conductive, the movement trajectory and characteristics of the dimming gesture will interfere with the original distribution of the electromagnetic field, causing distortion. At this time, the electromagnetic field sensing unit 44 in the electromagnetic field antenna structure 4 will capture this electromagnetic field change caused by the gesture interference in real time, convert the sensed distorted electromagnetic field signal into a corresponding electrical signal, and transmit this electrical signal to the controller 6 in real time, completing the conversion from "gesture action - electromagnetic field change - electrical signal," providing data support for the controller 6 to recognize the dimming gesture.

[0077] After receiving the electrical signal transmitted by the electromagnetic field sensing unit 44, the controller 6 analyzes the signal to identify the specific dimming gesture. Internally, the controller 6 uses preset gesture recognition logic, combined with the electromagnetic field change characteristics reflected by the electrical signal (such as the direction, amplitude, and duration of electromagnetic field distortion), to match it with a pre-stored dimming gesture feature library (such as the electromagnetic field change pattern corresponding to an upward wave and the electromagnetic field change pattern corresponding to a downward wave). For example, if the electromagnetic field change reflected by the electrical signal matches the characteristics corresponding to an "upward wave," such as the electromagnetic field distortion direction from bottom to top and the amplitude showing a specific gradual change pattern, then the controller 6 determines that the user has made an "upward wave" dimming gesture; if the electromagnetic field change reflected by the electrical signal matches the characteristics of a "downward wave," then it is determined to be a "downward wave" dimming gesture. This matching process clarifies the user's dimming intention.

[0078] After recognizing a specific dimming potential, controller 6 generates a corresponding dimming command based on the correspondence between the gesture and the light transmittance adjustment. If the recognized dimming gesture is an "upward wave," controller 6 outputs a corresponding driving signal to dimming film 2 (i.e., PDLC film), driving the liquid crystal molecules in dimming film 2 to adjust their alignment, causing the liquid crystal molecules to change from a disordered scattering state to an ordered alignment state, thereby increasing the film's light transmittance and achieving a brightening effect. If the recognized dimming gesture is a "downward wave," controller 6 outputs another set of driving signals, causing the liquid crystal molecules in dimming film 2 to change from an ordered alignment state to a disordered scattering state, reducing light transmittance and achieving a darkening effect. Throughout the adjustment process, the controller 6 continuously monitors the light transmittance feedback of the dimming film 2 to ensure that the light transmittance adjustment matches the user's needs expressed through dimming gestures. This satisfies the user's needs for interior lighting in different scenarios (such as dimming when the sunlight is strong, brightening at night, or dimming to protect privacy). The entire process relies on electromagnetic field induction and electrical signal transmission, eliminating the need for physical buttons and improving the convenience and flexibility of operation.

[0079] The aforementioned stacked components, through the coordinated operation of the dimming diaphragm 2, the electromagnetic field antenna structure 4, and the controller 6, combine electromagnetic field gesture recognition with the dimming function of the dimming diaphragm 2. This eliminates the need for infrared cameras and ToF sensors, reducing hardware costs and is unaffected by environmental interference such as strong light, thus improving recognition stability. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for physical buttons, allowing dimming to be completed solely through gesture operations within the electromagnetic field, simplifying the process. At the same time, the electromagnetic field technology has low power consumption, reducing energy consumption.

[0080] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the dimming diaphragm 2 is disposed in the light-transmitting area A of the stacked component, and the electromagnetic field antenna structure 4 is disposed in the non-light-transmitting area B of the stacked component.

[0081] For example, in the case of a high-speed train, since the black edge area of ​​the glass at the bottom edge of the glass belongs to the non-transparent area B of the stacked component and does not need to bear the function of light transmission, the electromagnetic field antenna structure 4 is distributed in this area, which is just suitable for the characteristic that the electromagnetic field antenna structure 4 does not need to transmit light. At the same time, the black edge area of ​​the glass is low and close to the passenger seat, making it convenient for passengers to make dimming gestures (such as waving their hands up or down) within the electromagnetic field range, reducing the operation threshold and improving the ease of use. Secondly, since there is no need for dimming in the black edge area of ​​the glass, there is no need to install the PDLC dimming film 2 in this area. The PDLC dimming film 2 only needs to be installed in the light-receiving area (i.e., the light-transmitting area A) of the train glass. This satisfies the passengers' needs for light adjustment in the light-receiving area and avoids the redundant installation of the PDLC dimming film 2 in unnecessary areas, reducing material waste and cost. At the same time, the PDLC dimming film 2 in the light-receiving area is only used to adjust the light transmittance through electrode drive, and the electromagnetic field antenna structure 4 in the non-light-transmitting area B is only used to generate electromagnetic fields, capture electromagnetic field changes caused by gestures and convert them into electrical signals. The two are spatially separated, which can further reduce the risk of mutual interference between their signals and ensure that the controller 6 can accurately recognize the dimming gesture and adjust the light transmittance of the PDLC dimming film 2 to meet the passengers' needs for light adjustment in the train scenario.

[0082] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, both the dimming diaphragm 2 and the electromagnetic field antenna structure 4 are disposed in the light-transmitting area A of the stacked component, and the projection of the electromagnetic field antenna structure 4 on the dimming diaphragm 2 is located in the area where the dimming diaphragm 2 is located. The target area C of the dimming diaphragm 2 is hollowed out; wherein, the target area C includes at least the projection area of ​​the electromagnetic field antenna structure 4 on the dimming diaphragm 2.

[0083] For example, the specific structure of the stacked component at this time is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, it includes: a first glass substrate 100, a first adhesive layer 102, an electromagnetic field antenna structure 4, a dimming film 2, a second adhesive layer 104, and a second glass substrate 106. In sunroof or side window applications, the light-transmitting area A (such as the middle area) of the sunroof or side window's vehicle glass is a high-frequency operation area that users can easily reach by raising their hands. Placing the electromagnetic field antenna structure 4 in this area allows users to make dimming gestures (such as waving upwards or downwards) within a natural hand-raising range without needing to consciously adjust their hand position, significantly improving operational convenience and conforming to users' behavioral habits when adjusting light inside the vehicle.

[0084] If the electromagnetic field antenna structure 4 and the dimming diaphragm 2 are directly overlapped, their signal transmissions are prone to mutual interference, affecting the accuracy of gesture recognition and the stability of dimming. By hollowing out the overlapping area of ​​the dimming diaphragm 2 corresponding to the electromagnetic field antenna structure 4, direct spatial contact between the dimming diaphragm 2 and the electromagnetic field antenna structure 4 can be avoided. This reduces the mutual interference between dimming signals (such as the electrode signals driving the dimming diaphragm 2) and gesture sensing signals (such as the electromagnetic field change signals captured by the electromagnetic field antenna structure 4). This ensures that the electromagnetic field antenna structure 4 can accurately capture the electromagnetic field changes caused by gestures and convert them into effective electrical signals for transmission to the controller 6. At the same time, it ensures that the dimming diaphragm 2 can stably adjust its transmittance under electrode drive.

[0085] Furthermore, the staggered layering and partial hollowing design in this embodiment maximizes the light-transmitting area of ​​the vehicle glass while ensuring that both are located in the light-transmitting area A. Specifically, only a partial area of ​​the dimming film 2 that overlaps with the projection of the electromagnetic field antenna structure 4 is hollowed out. This area is filled with a transparent adhesive material (such as polyvinyl butyral). The remaining areas of the dimming film 2 can still achieve normal light transmittance adjustment. This does not affect the user's overall control over the light inside the vehicle, and allows the electromagnetic field antenna structure 4 to work stably within the light-transmitting area A, realizing the synergy between gesture recognition and glass dimming functions. This meets the user's dual needs for convenient operation and stable dimming in sunroof or side window scenarios.

[0086] In an exemplary embodiment, the electromagnetic field generating unit 42 includes a first radiator 422; the input terminal of the first radiator 422 is connected to the output terminal of the controller 6 to generate an electromagnetic field under the action of an excitation signal provided by the controller 6. The electromagnetic field sensing unit 44 includes a plurality of second radiators; the plurality of second radiators 442 are arranged around the first radiator 422, and the output terminals of the plurality of second radiators 442 are connected one-to-one with the plurality of input terminals of the controller 6. The second radiators 442 are used to convert the sensed electromagnetic field signal into an electrical signal and send it to the controller 6.

[0087] For example, such as Figure 5 As shown, there is one first radiator 422 and four second radiators 442. By connecting the input terminal of the first radiator 422 to the output terminal of the controller 6, an electromagnetic field covering a specific range can be stably generated under the excitation signal provided by the controller 6. This electromagnetic field provides the basic sensing space for the user's dimming gestures, and its stability directly determines the basic accuracy of gesture recognition. It can ensure that the dimming gestures made by the user within the preset operation area (such as waving upwards or downwards) can effectively interfere with the electromagnetic field, providing a prerequisite for subsequent signal capture.

[0088] The arrangement of multiple second radiators 442 surrounding the first radiator 422 allows for synchronous sensing of changes in the electromagnetic field caused by gesture interference from different directions. For example, when a user's hand enters the electromagnetic field range and makes a dimming gesture, the conductivity of the hand causes distortion in the distribution of electromagnetic field lines. The second radiators 442 in different directions can capture the changes in electromagnetic field signals in their respective directions, convert the sensed electromagnetic field signals into electrical signals, and transmit multiple sets of electrical signals synchronously to the controller 6 through one-to-one connections with multiple input terminals of the controller 6. This multi-directional capture design avoids the problem of incomplete signal capture caused by the limited angle of a single radiator, ensuring that the controller 6 obtains electrical signal data that comprehensively reflects the trajectory and characteristics of the gesture.

[0089] In one exemplary embodiment, a plurality of second radiators 442 are symmetrically distributed.

[0090] For example, such as Figure 5 As shown, with the first radiator 422 as the center, four second radiators 442 are symmetrically distributed in the east, south, west, and north directions. The south-facing and north-facing second radiators 442 are symmetrical about the first radiator 422, while the east-facing and west-facing second radiators 442 are symmetrical about the first radiator 422, forming a four-way symmetrical layout around the first radiator 422. This layout can uniformly capture electromagnetic field changes from the four symmetrical directions. If, in certain application scenarios, the need for gesture recognition is concentrated in the up-down or left-right directions, two second radiators 442 can be distributed symmetrically about the first radiator 422. For example, in a sunroof application scenario, when only the user's up-down hand gesture for adjusting the light needs to be recognized, the two second radiators 442 can be located directly above and below the first radiator 422, respectively, at the same distance from the first radiator 422. This ensures symmetrical sensing of electromagnetic field changes caused by up-down gestures, improving the accuracy of gesture recognition in that direction. When more comprehensive three-dimensional spatial gesture recognition is required, six second radiators 442 can be set around the first radiator 422, located at the six vertices of a regular hexagon centered on the first radiator 422. The angle between the line connecting any two adjacent second radiators 442 and the first radiator 422 is 60°, forming a symmetrical hexagonal distribution structure. This structure can capture the movement trajectory of gestures in three-dimensional space from more symmetrical directions, making it suitable for side window scenarios that require complex gesture recognition.

[0091] In this embodiment, the second radiator 442 is arranged symmetrically around the first radiator 422, which ensures that it uniformly covers the electromagnetic field range generated by the first radiator 422 from different directions. That is, no matter which symmetrical direction the user makes a dimming gesture (such as waving upwards or downwards) within the electromagnetic field area, the symmetrically distributed second radiator 442 can synchronously and evenly capture the electromagnetic field distortion changes caused by the gesture. This avoids the problem of weak or missed electromagnetic field signal capture in some areas due to uneven distribution of radiators, and ensures that the acquired electromagnetic field signal can fully reflect the movement trajectory of the gesture, laying a uniform data foundation for subsequent signal processing. In addition, the symmetrically distributed second radiators 442 can assist the controller 6 in more accurately determining the direction and trajectory of the gesture by comparing the differences in electrical signals at symmetrical positions. For example, when the user's hand enters the electromagnetic field and moves, the symmetrically positioned second radiators 442 will sense electromagnetic field changes of different amplitudes. After converting these changes into electrical signals and transmitting them to the controller 6, the controller 6 can calculate the differences, averages, and other characteristics of the symmetrical electrical signals, and combine them with the preset gesture recognition logic and trajectory database to more clearly distinguish the specific type of gesture (such as waving upwards or downwards), reduce signal deviation caused by the asymmetrical distribution of radiators, and lower the probability of gesture misrecognition.

[0092] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, every two symmetrical second radiators 442 have the same shape.

[0093] For example, such as Figure 5As shown, both the first radiator 422 and the second radiator 442 can be rectangular. Centered on the first radiator 422, the two symmetrical second radiators 442 in the east and west directions are identical rectangles, each with a uniform size of 5cm × 2cm × 0.05cm. Similarly, the two symmetrical second radiators 442 in the north and south directions are also rectangular, each with a uniform size of 10cm × 2cm × 0.05cm. Furthermore, the second radiators 442 in the east and west directions, and the north and south directions, are axially symmetrical about the first radiator 422. In scenarios where only vertical dimming gestures need to be recognized, the two second radiators 442 located directly above and below the first radiator 422 are designed as identical elongated strips with identical length, width, and thickness, such as 12cm × 3cm × 0.05cm, ensuring uniform electromagnetic field induction parameters in the vertically symmetrical directions. When more comprehensive three-dimensional gesture recognition is required, the first radiator 422 can be hexagonal, and the second radiator 442 can be isosceles trapezoids. Specifically, the six second radiators 442 arranged in a hexagonal pattern around the first radiator 422 have the same shape for every two opposite vertices. For example, the second radiators 442 located in the east and west, south and north, northeast and southwest are all the same isosceles trapezoid with identical upper base, lower base and height dimensions, ensuring the consistency of induction in relative directions in the six-way symmetrical layout.

[0094] In this embodiment, symmetrical second radiators 442 with the same shape can reduce the impact of signal deviation on the recognition result. The controller 6 judges the gesture trajectory by comparing the difference, mean and other features of the electrical signals in the symmetrical direction. If the symmetrical second radiators 442 have different shapes, the electromagnetic field change signals caused by the same gesture in the symmetrical direction will be different, which will easily cause misjudgment of the gesture direction. On the other hand, the same shape can ensure that the reference of the symmetrical signal is consistent. Combined with the preset gesture recognition logic and trajectory database, the gesture type (such as waving upward or downward) can be more accurately distinguished, reducing the probability of misrecognition.

[0095] In an exemplary embodiment, both the first radiator 422 and the second radiator 442 are transparent conductive electrodes.

[0096] The transparent conductive electrode can be made of indium tin oxide (ITO) or transparent silver paste.

[0097] For example, taking ITO conductive electrodes as transparent conductive electrodes, transparent conductive material (ITO) can be deposited directly at any position on the surface of the glass substrate (such as a 1.8mm thick gray glass) in the stacked assembly to form electrodes, which can serve as the first radiator 422 and the second radiator 442, respectively. For example, a rectangular ITO conductive layer is set as the first radiator 422 in the light-transmitting area A of the stacked assembly (such as the middle area of ​​the sunroof glass), and four rectangular ITO conductive layers are symmetrically distributed around it as the second radiators 442. All electrodes are transparent, which does not affect the interior lighting, while meeting the requirements for electromagnetic field generation and signal sensing.

[0098] In this embodiment, based on the high transparency of transparent conductive electrodes (such as ITO conductive layers), both the first radiator 422 and the second radiator 442 employ transparent conductive electrodes. When placed in the light-transmitting area A of the stacked component, they do not obstruct light or affect the normal light transmission function of the glass, ensuring that interior lighting is not affected in scenarios such as sunroofs and side windows. This avoids the field-of-view obstruction problem caused by traditional non-transparent electrodes and meets users' basic requirements for glass light transmittance. In addition, transparent conductive electrodes facilitate integrated design with components such as the dimming film 2 and the glass substrate. For example, electrodes can be deposited directly on the glass surface without requiring additional space or complex structural adaptations, reducing component size and weight and simplifying hardware integration.

[0099] In one exemplary embodiment, the frequency band of the electromagnetic field supported by the electromagnetic field generating unit 42 is different from the frequency band of the electromagnetic field generated by the electrodes on both sides of the dimming diaphragm 2.

[0100] For example, the electromagnetic field generated by the electromagnetic field generating unit 42 is mainly used to capture the user's dimming gesture, while the electromagnetic field generated by the electrodes on both sides of the dimming film 2 is mainly used to drive the liquid crystal molecules in the PDLC film to change their arrangement to adjust the transmittance. If the frequency bands of the two electromagnetic fields are the same or similar, it will cause the electromagnetic fields to superimpose and interfere with each other, making it difficult for the electromagnetic field generating unit 42 to accurately capture the subtle changes in the electromagnetic field caused by the gesture. It will also affect the stability of the driving signal received by the PDLC film, for example, causing a decrease in gesture recognition accuracy (such as misjudging an upward wave as a downward wave) and uneven dimming effect (such as the local transmittance not being able to be adjusted according to the command).

[0101] In this embodiment, frequency isolation eliminates the need for additional complex physical isolation structures. The two functions of gesture recognition and dimming can be operated independently simply by distinguishing frequency bands. This simplifies the system structure, reduces hardware costs, and ensures that the controller 6 can accurately recognize dimming gestures and output corresponding dimming commands.

[0102] In one exemplary embodiment, applied to a vehicle, the electromagnetic field antenna structure 4 occupies an area greater than or equal to 100 cm². 2 .

[0103] In this embodiment, the area of ​​the electromagnetic field antenna structure 4 is directly related to the sensing distance; the larger the area, the farther the sensing distance. When the area reaches ≥100cm², a uniform electromagnetic field can be formed, increasing the sensing distance to 15-20cm. This distance range conforms to the operating habits of passengers in vehicles. Whether it is a passenger raising their hand near the roof glass in a sunroof scenario or a passenger making a gesture near the window in a side window scenario, the 15-20cm sensing distance can cover the range of the passenger's natural hand movement. Gesture recognition can be triggered without deliberately getting close to the antenna structure, improving the convenience of operation.

[0104] Furthermore, this area design is also adapted to the size characteristics of vehicle glass. Specifically, the sunroof and side window glass of vehicles usually have a certain area. Setting the area of ​​the electromagnetic field antenna structure 4 to ≥100cm² can not only meet the electromagnetic field function requirements, but also flexibly place it in suitable areas of the glass (such as the black edge area at the bottom of the glass, the middle area of ​​the sunroof glass), without excessively compressing the light-transmitting area of ​​the glass, thus balancing the realization of function and the lighting requirements, while also being compatible with the integration of components such as the dimming film 2 and the transparent conductive electrode.

[0105] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, this application also provides a dimming control method, applied to a controller in the stacked component of the above embodiments, the method comprising:

[0106] S602 outputs an excitation signal to the electromagnetic field generating unit so that the electromagnetic field generating unit generates an electromagnetic field under the action of the excitation signal;

[0107] S604 receives the electrical signal output by the electromagnetic field induction unit;

[0108] S606 recognizes dimming gestures based on electrical signals;

[0109] S608 adjusts the light transmittance of the dimming film based on the recognized dimming gesture.

[0110] The above dimming control method corresponds to the above-described stacked component embodiment. Its specific implementation and beneficial effects can be referred to the description of the above-described stacked component embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0111] In one exemplary embodiment, prior to the step of recognizing the dimming gesture based on the electrical signal, the method further includes:

[0112] Filter out electrical signals in non-target frequency bands, which are frequency bands different from the frequency bands of the electromagnetic fields generated by the electromagnetic field generating unit.

[0113] The target frequency band is the frequency band corresponding to the electromagnetic field generated by the electromagnetic field generating unit (such as 1kHz commonly used for gesture sensing, or 20kHz, etc.). The non-target frequency band is other frequency bands different from the target frequency band, typically the dimming signal frequency band corresponding to the electromagnetic field generated by the electrodes on both sides of the dimming diaphragm (such as 50Hz), and also includes other interference signal frequency bands that may be generated during vehicle operation. The controller will pre-store the parameters of the target frequency band as the reference for filtering processing.

[0114] For example, after the electromagnetic field sensing unit converts the captured electromagnetic field signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the controller, the controller uses a built-in filtering module to filter the received electrical signal according to preset target frequency band parameters. Specifically, the filtering module allows electrical signals whose frequencies fall within the target frequency band (i.e., effective signals reflecting changes in the electromagnetic field caused by dimming gestures) to pass through, while blocking electrical signals in non-target frequency bands, such as filtering out dimming signals with a frequency of 50Hz and other irrelevant interference signals, to prevent these non-target signals from entering the subsequent gesture recognition stage.

[0115] Referring to the foregoing embodiments, since the frequency bands of the electromagnetic field generating unit and the dimming diaphragm are set to be different (e.g., 1kHz and 50Hz) through frequency isolation design, the frequency interval between the two is large enough. The filtering module can clearly distinguish and separate signals of different frequency bands, achieving efficient filtering without complex signal analysis. Through this process, it is ensured that the electrical signal transmitted to the gesture recognition stage is only a valid signal of the target frequency band, reducing the interference of non-target signals on the recognition result, and laying the foundation for the controller to accurately recognize dimming gestures (such as waving upwards or downwards) based on the electrical signal.

[0116] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 7 As shown, the electrical signal received from the electromagnetic field induction unit includes:

[0117] S702 continuously acquires electrical signals at a preset sampling frequency;

[0118] S704, if the difference between the electrical signal acquired at the current moment and the electrical signal acquired at the previous moment is greater than a preset threshold, take the current moment as the starting sampling moment and continuously acquire the electrical signal within a preset sampling time at a preset sampling frequency to obtain the electrical signal corresponding to each sampling moment within the preset sampling time.

[0119] Dimming gestures are recognized based on electrical signals, including:

[0120] S706 identifies dimming gestures based on the electrical signal corresponding to each sampling moment within a preset sampling time.

[0121] The preset sampling frequency refers to the fixed time interval at which the controller collects the output electrical signals of the electromagnetic field sensing unit. It is a pre-set signal acquisition frequency standard, for example, acquiring an electrical signal once every 1ms. This ensures that subtle changes in the electromagnetic field caused by dimming gestures can be captured in real time, providing high-density and continuous data support for subsequent recognition of gesture movement trajectories. The preset threshold refers to a pre-set critical value used to determine whether the electrical signal has undergone a sudden change. It serves as a criterion for capturing sudden changes in the electromagnetic field caused by finger interference. When the difference between the electrical signal acquired at the current moment and the electrical signal acquired at the previous moment exceeds this threshold, it is determined that the electromagnetic field has undergone a distortion change caused by finger gesture interference, triggering the subsequent continuous data acquisition process. If the difference does not exceed the threshold, it is determined that there is no valid gesture or environmental interference, and subsequent acquisition is not initiated. The preset sampling time refers to the fixed duration for which the controller continuously collects electrical signals after a sudden change in the electrical signal is detected. For example, 500ms means that from the moment the sudden change in the electrical signal is detected, the controller continuously collects electrical signals within 500ms at a preset sampling frequency to ensure that the entire process of electromagnetic field change caused by a dimming gesture (such as waving upwards or downwards) can be captured, providing a complete data sequence for subsequent gesture type recognition.

[0122] For example, the controller continuously and periodically collects the electrical signal output by the electromagnetic field sensing unit at a preset sampling frequency (i.e., every 1ms). This stage can be understood as the routine monitoring stage, the purpose of which is to capture the dynamic changes of the electromagnetic field signal in real time and ensure that no signal fluctuations that may be caused by dimming gestures are missed. During this process, the controller calculates the difference between the electrical signal collected at the current moment and the electrical signal collected at the previous moment, and compares the difference with a preset threshold. If the difference does not exceed the preset threshold, it is determined that there is no effective gesture interference in the current electromagnetic field, and routine collection continues at the preset sampling frequency. If the difference exceeds the preset threshold, it is determined that there is a sudden change in the electromagnetic field caused by finger dimming gesture interference. At this time, the current moment is immediately set as the starting sampling moment, and the continuous data collection process within the preset sampling time is started. Within the preset sampling time (i.e., 500ms), the controller maintains the preset sampling frequency unchanged, collecting the electrical signal once every 1ms, for a total of 500 times, obtaining 500 electrical signal data corresponding to different sampling moments. These data comprehensively record the entire process from the initial interference of the electromagnetic field by the gesture to the gradual stabilization of the electromagnetic field after the gesture ends, forming a continuous sequence of electrical signals. Simultaneously, if the electromagnetic field sensing unit includes multiple second radiators (such as receivers in the four cardinal directions), the controller synchronously executes the aforementioned "routine monitoring - sudden change judgment - continuous acquisition" process on the electrical signals output by each second radiator. This ensures that each direction receives the electrical signal corresponding to each sampling moment within the preset sampling time, providing comprehensive and complete data support for subsequent multi-directional signal recognition of dimming gestures. After completing the electrical signal acquisition, the dimming gesture can be recognized based on the electrical signal corresponding to each sampling moment within the preset sampling time. The specific implementation method is similar to the implementation process in the aforementioned stacked components and will not be elaborated further here.

[0123] In this embodiment, the electric signal is captured in real time at a preset sampling frequency, and the signal mutation caused by the gesture is judged by a preset threshold to avoid missed judgments and misjudgments; combined with continuous acquisition within a preset sampling time, and the ability to acquire signals from multiple second radiators simultaneously, comprehensive data is provided for identification.

[0124] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 8 As shown, before the step of recognizing the dimming gesture based on the electrical signal corresponding to each sampling moment within a preset sampling time, the method further includes:

[0125] S802, determine the difference between two electrical signals corresponding to all adjacent sampling times within the preset sampling time;

[0126] S804: Based on the difference between two electrical signals corresponding to all adjacent sampling times within the preset sampling time, determine and remove abnormal electrical signals to obtain the preprocessed electrical signal dataset.

[0127] Based on the electrical signal corresponding to each sampling moment within a preset sampling time, the dimming gesture is identified, including:

[0128] S806 recognizes dimming gestures based on a preprocessed electrical signal dataset.

[0129] For example, for the electrical signal corresponding to each sampling moment within a preset sampling time (e.g., 500ms), the difference between all adjacent sampling moments is calculated in chronological order. That is, using the electrical signal at the previous sampling moment as a reference, the difference between the current sampling moment and the previous sampling moment is subtracted to obtain the difference data for each set of adjacent signals. The calculated difference between adjacent electrical signals is compared with a preset abrupt change judgment standard. If the absolute value of a certain adjacent difference far exceeds the normal range (i.e., meets the characteristics of "abrupt change data," such as a sudden rise or fall in electrical signal caused by instantaneous environmental interference or signal transmission fluctuations), then the electrical signal at the later sampling moment corresponding to that difference is determined to be an abnormal electrical signal; if the adjacent difference is within the normal fluctuation range, then the corresponding electrical signal is determined to be a valid signal. After identifying abnormal electrical signals, these abnormal electrical signals are removed from the electrical signal sequence within the preset sampling time, while the remaining valid electrical signals that meet the requirements are retained, forming a preprocessed electrical signal dataset. If the electromagnetic field sensing unit contains multiple second radiators (such as receivers in the four directions of east, west, south, and north), the above-mentioned process of "calculating the difference - determining the abrupt change - eliminating the anomaly" will be executed on the electrical signal sequence corresponding to each second radiator. This ensures that the electrical signal dataset in each direction has been preprocessed, avoiding interference from abnormal signals with subsequent dimming gesture recognition. This lays a reliable data foundation for accurate recognition of dimming gestures (such as waving upwards or downwards) based on the preprocessed dataset.

[0130] In this embodiment, by calculating the difference between electrical signals at adjacent sampling times within a preset sampling time, and combining the abrupt change judgment criteria, abnormal electrical signals caused by environmental interference and signal fluctuations are accurately identified and eliminated, effectively filtering "abrupt change data" to obtain a clean pre-processed electrical signal dataset, thus avoiding interference from abnormal signals to subsequent gesture recognition.

[0131] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 9 As shown, dimming gestures are identified based on the preprocessed electrical signal dataset, including:

[0132] S902, based on the electrical signal corresponding to the start sampling time, the electrical signal corresponding to the end sampling time, and the difference and mean between two electrical signals corresponding to all adjacent sampling times within the preset sampling time, determine the trend of electromagnetic field change;

[0133] S904 determines the dimming gesture based on the electromagnetic field change trend and the preset mapping relationship table;

[0134] The preset mapping table is used to characterize the mapping relationship between the electromagnetic field change trend and the dimming gesture; the termination sampling time is the time corresponding to the last occurrence within the preset sampling time when the difference between the electrical signal collected at the current time and the electrical signal collected at the previous time is greater than the preset threshold.

[0135] For example, taking an electromagnetic field sensing unit with four sensing directions (such as multiple second radiators respectively set in the four directions) as an example, the preprocessed electrical signal dataset includes electrical signal sequences corresponding to each direction. Taking a hand performing an "upward wave to adjust the light" action within the electromagnetic field's recognition range (such as a vertical distance of 10cm between the hand and the electromagnetic field sensing unit) as an example, the specific implementation process is as follows:

[0136] When the hand enters the electromagnetic field region, the interfering electromagnetic field causes a sudden change in the signal, and continuous electrical signal acquisition begins for 500ms (1ms / time, 500 data points acquired per direction). The following table 1 shows a simplified explanation of some key time point data:

[0137] Table 1

[0138]

[0139] Based on the collected electrical signal values, combined with the standard electrical signal values ​​corresponding to the four directions (east, south, west, and north) at different vertical distances between the hand and the electromagnetic field sensing unit, stored in the controller, the vertical distance at which the hand enters the electromagnetic field region can be determined. For example, it has been specified that "at a vertical distance of 10cm, the standard value of the electrical signal in the north direction is 2.5V, the standard value of the electrical signal in the south direction is 1.8V, the standard value of the electrical signal in the east direction is 2.1V, and the standard value of the electrical signal in the west direction is 2.0V". Combining this with the electrical signal values ​​in each direction corresponding to the initial sampling time (0ms) in Table 1 above, it can be determined that the hand enters the electromagnetic field region at a vertical distance of 10cm from the electromagnetic field sensing unit and stops moving at the final sampling time (300ms).

[0140] Then, the difference and mean between the two electrical signals corresponding to adjacent sampling times are calculated. For ease of explanation, 0ms, 100ms, 200ms, and 300ms in Table 1 above are used as examples of adjacent sampling times, but this does not mean that the interval between adjacent sampling times in this application is exactly 100ms. The specific calculation process is as follows:

[0141] Calculation of northbound difference:

[0142] ΔP N1 (100ms)=P 1N -P 0N =2.7-2.5=0.2V;

[0143] ΔPN2 (200ms)=P 2N -P 1N =2.9-2.7=0.2V;

[0144] ΔP N3 (300ms)=P 3N -P 2N =3.1-2.9=0.2V;

[0145] At this time, the northward trend is as follows: the northward electrical signal value increases with a stable difference of 0.2V every 100ms, indicating that the hand is continuously moving closer to the northward sensing direction.

[0146] Southward difference calculation:

[0147] ΔP S1 (100ms) = 1.6 - 1.8 = -0.2V;

[0148] ΔP S2 (200ms) = 1.4 - 1.6 = -0.2V;

[0149] ΔP S3 (300ms) = 1.2 - 1.4 = -0.2V;

[0150] At this time, the southward trend is as follows: the southward electrical signal value decreases by a stable difference of 0.2V every 100ms, further confirming that the hand is moving away from the southward sensing direction and closer to the northward sensing direction.

[0151] The difference between east and west is: ΔP E1-3 Both are 0V, ΔP W1-3 All readings are 0V, indicating that the hand did not move in the east-west direction.

[0152] Calculation of northbound mean:

[0153] @P N0 (0-100ms) = (2.7 + 2.5) / 2 = 2.6V;

[0154] @P N1 (100-200ms)=(2.9+2.7) / 2=2.8V;

[0155] @P N2 (200-300ms)=(3.1+2.9) / 2=3.0V;

[0156] The northward mean trend is: increasing by 0.2V every 100ms, consistent with the difference trend, confirming the stable enhancement of the northward electromagnetic field;

[0157] South-facing mean calculation:

[0158] @P S0 (0-100ms) = (1.6 + 1.8) / 2 = 1.7V;

[0159] @P S1 (100-200ms)=(1.4+1.6) / 2=1.5V;

[0160] @P S2 (200-300ms)=(1.2+1.4) / 2=1.3V;

[0161] The southbound mean trend is: decreasing by 0.2V every 100ms, consistent with the difference trend, eliminating the influence of random fluctuations;

[0162] The east / west average values ​​remained unchanged at 2.1V and 2.0V, confirming no displacement in the east-west direction.

[0163] Based on the differences and averages of the electrical signals corresponding to the start and end sampling times in each of the aforementioned sensing directions, the electromagnetic field change trend can be determined. Then, by searching a pre-stored preset mapping table for the dimming gesture corresponding to this electromagnetic field change trend, the dimming gesture can be determined.

[0164] In this embodiment, by acquiring electrical signals from multiple directions (north, south, east, and west) and calculating the difference and mean, the electromagnetic field changes caused by gestures can be accurately captured. Combined with the calibrated standard electrical signal values, the gesture distance can be determined, avoiding recognition failure due to distance differences. Furthermore, by relying on data such as the start / end electrical signals and the variation law of the difference, the trend of electromagnetic field changes can be determined, and then matched with the preset mapping relationship table, the dimming gesture can be accurately recognized.

[0165] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 10 As shown, the steps for constructing the preset mapping table include:

[0166] S1002 performs multiple dimming gesture operations in the signal transmission and reception area of ​​the electromagnetic field antenna structure;

[0167] S1004, during the process of performing multiple dimming gesture operations in the signal transceiver area of ​​the electromagnetic field antenna structure, continuously collect electrical signals within a preset sampling time at a preset sampling frequency to obtain the electrical signal corresponding to each sampling moment within the preset sampling time.

[0168] S1006. Based on the electrical signal corresponding to the start sampling time, the electrical signal corresponding to the end sampling time, the difference and the mean between the two electrical signals corresponding to all adjacent sampling times within the preset sampling time, determine the trend of electromagnetic field change.

[0169] S1008, establish and store a mapping table between electromagnetic field change trends and dimming gesture operations.

[0170] For example, taking an electromagnetic field sensing unit with four sensing directions (such as multiple second radiators respectively set in the four directions) as an example, and taking the signal transmission and reception area of ​​the electromagnetic field antenna structure as the operating range, firstly, a multi-distance, multi-directional identification distance calibration operation is performed within this operating range. The specific operation is as follows:

[0171] Learning the direction of the eastward induction: Start by placing your hand 20cm away from the second radiator in the eastward direction, and slowly move it at a 90-degree angle towards the second radiator in the eastward direction until you are close to it; repeat the operation 3 times.

[0172] Learning the westward direction: Start by placing your hand 20cm away from the second radiator in the westward direction, and slowly move it at a 90-degree angle towards the second radiator in the westward direction until you are close to it; repeat the operation 3 times.

[0173] Learning the south-facing direction: Start by placing your hand 20cm away from the second radiator in the south direction, and slowly move it at a 90-degree angle towards the second radiator in the south direction until you are close to it; repeat this operation 3 times.

[0174] Learning the north-facing direction: Start by placing your hand 20cm away from the second radiator in the north direction, and slowly move it at a 90-degree angle towards the second radiator in the north direction until you are close to it; repeat this operation 3 times.

[0175] During the above-mentioned identification distance calibration operation, the electrical signal values ​​corresponding to different distances in each direction are recorded and stored in the controller to complete the identification distance calibration.

[0176] After calibrating the recognition distance, various dimming gestures (such as waving upwards and downwards) are performed within the aforementioned operating range. During this process, electrical signals are continuously acquired at a preset sampling frequency within a preset sampling time to obtain the electrical signal corresponding to each sampling moment within the preset sampling time. Then, based on the electrical signal corresponding to the start sampling moment, the electrical signal corresponding to the end sampling moment, and the difference and mean between the two electrical signals corresponding to all adjacent sampling moments within the preset sampling time, the electromagnetic field change trend is determined. The specific process for determining the electromagnetic field change trend can be referred to the description in the aforementioned embodiments, and will not be repeated here. The constructed preset mapping relationship is represented as shown in Table 2 below:

[0177] Table 2

[0178]

[0179] In this embodiment, standard electrical signal values ​​under different scenarios can be recorded through multi-directional and multi-distance calibration operations, providing a benchmark for subsequent trend judgment and avoiding recognition failure caused by distance differences. Furthermore, based on the collected electrical signals of various dimming gestures and the trend of magnetic field changes, a mapping table is established, providing a clear basis for subsequent gesture recognition. Moreover, the mapping table can be used for a long time after it is built once, reducing the complexity of subsequent operations. At the same time, multi-dimensional data ensures the accuracy of the mapping between gestures and trends, improving the reliability of dimming gesture recognition.

[0180] In one exemplary embodiment, this application provides a vehicle including a vehicle body and the stacked component described in the above embodiment for mounting on the vehicle body.

[0181] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments described above are shown sequentially according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments described above may include multiple steps or multiple stages. These steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least some of the steps or stages of other steps.

[0182] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a dimming control device for implementing the dimming control method described above. The solution provided by this device is similar to the solution described in the above method; therefore, the specific limitations in one or more dimming control device embodiments provided below can be found in the limitations of the dimming control method described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0183] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 11 As shown, a dimming control device is provided, comprising:

[0184] The excitation module 1102 is used to output an excitation signal to the electromagnetic field generating unit so that the electromagnetic field generating unit generates an electromagnetic field under the action of the excitation signal.

[0185] The receiving module 1104 is used to receive the electrical signal output by the electromagnetic field induction unit;

[0186] Recognition module 1106 is used to recognize dimming gestures based on electrical signals;

[0187] The dimming module 1108 is used to adjust the light transmittance of the dimming film according to the recognized dimming gesture.

[0188] In one exemplary embodiment, the dimming control device further includes:

[0189] The filtering module is used to filter out electrical signals in non-target frequency bands, which are frequency bands different from the frequency bands of the electromagnetic fields generated by the electromagnetic field generating unit.

[0190] In an exemplary embodiment, the receiving module 1104 includes:

[0191] The monitoring unit is used to continuously acquire electrical signals at a preset sampling frequency;

[0192] The sampling unit is used to continuously collect electrical signals within a preset sampling time at a preset sampling frequency when the difference between the electrical signal collected at the current time and the electrical signal collected at the previous time is greater than a preset threshold, so as to obtain the electrical signal corresponding to each sampling time within the preset sampling time.

[0193] The recognition module 1106 includes:

[0194] The recognition unit is used to recognize the dimming gesture based on the electrical signal corresponding to each sampling moment within a preset sampling time.

[0195] In an exemplary embodiment, the receiving module 1104 further includes:

[0196] The difference determination unit is used to determine the difference between two electrical signals corresponding to all adjacent sampling times within a preset sampling time.

[0197] The elimination unit is used to determine and eliminate abnormal electrical signals based on the difference between two electrical signals corresponding to all adjacent sampling times within a preset sampling time, so as to obtain a preprocessed electrical signal dataset.

[0198] The identification unit includes:

[0199] The recognition subunit is used to recognize dimming gestures based on the preprocessed electrical signal dataset.

[0200] In one exemplary embodiment, the identification subunit includes:

[0201] The trend determination unit is used to determine the electromagnetic field change trend based on the electrical signal corresponding to the start sampling time, the electrical signal corresponding to the end sampling time, and the difference and mean between two electrical signals corresponding to all adjacent sampling times within a preset sampling time.

[0202] The dimming gesture determination unit determines the dimming gesture based on the electromagnetic field change trend and a preset mapping relationship table. The preset mapping relationship table is used to characterize the mapping relationship between the electromagnetic field change trend and the dimming gesture. The termination sampling time is the time corresponding to the last occurrence within the preset sampling time when the difference between the electrical signal collected at the current time and the electrical signal collected at the previous time is greater than a preset threshold.

[0203] In one exemplary embodiment, the dimming gesture determination unit includes:

[0204] The operation unit is used to perform multiple dimming gesture operations in the signal transmission and reception area of ​​the electromagnetic field antenna structure.

[0205] The acquisition unit is used to continuously acquire electrical signals within a preset sampling time at a preset sampling frequency during multiple dimming gesture operations in the signal transceiver area of ​​the electromagnetic field antenna structure, so as to obtain the electrical signal corresponding to each sampling moment within the preset sampling time.

[0206] The calibration unit is used to determine the trend of electromagnetic field change based on the electrical signal corresponding to the start sampling time, the electrical signal corresponding to the end sampling time, and the difference and mean between two electrical signals corresponding to all adjacent sampling times within a preset sampling time.

[0207] The mapping relationship construction unit is used to establish and store a mapping relationship table between electromagnetic field change trends and dimming gesture operations.

[0208] Each module in the aforementioned dimming control device can be implemented entirely or partially through software, hardware, or a combination thereof. These modules can be embedded in the processor of a computer device in hardware form or independent of it, or stored in the memory of a computer device in software form, so that the processor can call and execute the operations corresponding to each module.

[0209] In one exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided, which may be a controller, and its internal structure diagram may be as follows: Figure 12As shown, the computer device includes a processor, memory, input / output interface, communication interface, display unit, and input device. The processor, memory, and input / output interface are connected via a system bus, and the communication interface, display unit, and input device are also connected to the system bus via the input / output interface. The processor provides computing and control capabilities. The memory includes non-volatile storage media and internal memory. The non-volatile storage media stores the operating system and computer programs. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs stored in the non-volatile storage media. The input / output interface is used for exchanging information between the processor and external devices. The communication interface is used for wired or wireless communication with external terminals; wireless communication can be achieved through Wi-Fi, mobile cellular networks, Near Field Communication (NFC), or other technologies. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements a dimming control method.

[0210] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 12 The structure shown is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the present application and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the present application is applied. Specific computer devices may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0211] In one exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps in the above-described method embodiments.

[0212] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the above method embodiments.

[0213] In one embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the above method embodiments.

[0214] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Any references to memory, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile memory and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take many forms, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) or Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM). The databases involved in the embodiments provided in this application may include at least one type of relational database and non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, blockchain-based distributed databases. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in this application may be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processing units, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, quantum computing-based data processing logic devices, artificial intelligence (AI) processors, etc., and are not limited to these.

[0215] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this application.

[0216] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A stacked component, characterized in that, The stacked component includes: dimming film; An electromagnetic field antenna structure is provided, comprising an electromagnetic field generating unit and an electromagnetic field sensing unit. The electromagnetic field generating unit is used to generate an electromagnetic field, and the electromagnetic field sensing unit is used to convert the sensed electromagnetic field signal into an electrical signal. The dimming film, the electromagnetic field generating unit, and the electromagnetic field sensing unit are connected to a controller. The controller outputs an excitation signal to the electromagnetic field generating unit so that the electromagnetic field generating unit generates an electromagnetic field under the action of the excitation signal, and receives the electrical signal output by the electromagnetic field sensing unit. Based on the electrical signal, the controller recognizes the dimming gesture and adjusts the light transmittance of the dimming film according to the recognized dimming gesture.

2. The stacked component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dimming diaphragm is disposed in the light-transmitting area of ​​the stacked component, and the electromagnetic field antenna structure is disposed in the non-light-transmitting area of ​​the stacked component.

3. The stacked component according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the dimming diaphragm and the electromagnetic field antenna structure are disposed in the light-transmitting area of ​​the stacked component, and the projection of the electromagnetic field antenna structure on the dimming diaphragm is located in the area where the dimming diaphragm is located, and the target area of ​​the dimming diaphragm is hollowed out. The target area includes at least the projection area of ​​the electromagnetic field antenna structure on the dimming diaphragm.

4. The stacked component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electromagnetic field generating unit includes: A first radiator, the input end of which is connected to the output end of the controller to generate an electromagnetic field under the excitation signal provided by the controller; The electromagnetic field sensing unit includes: Multiple second radiators are arranged around the first radiator. The output terminals of the multiple second radiators are connected one-to-one with the multiple input terminals of the controller. The second radiators are used to convert the sensed electromagnetic field signal into an electrical signal and send it to the controller.

5. The stacked component according to claim 4, characterized in that, The plurality of second radiators are symmetrically distributed.

6. The stacked component according to claim 5, characterized in that, The shape of each pair of symmetrical second radiators is identical.

7. The stacked component according to any one of claims 4-6, characterized in that, Both the first radiator and the second radiator are transparent conductive electrodes.

8. The stacked component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frequency band of the electromagnetic field supported by the electromagnetic field generating unit is different from the frequency band of the electromagnetic field generated by the electrodes on both sides of the dimming diaphragm.

9. The stacked component according to claim 1, characterized in that, When applied to vehicles, the electromagnetic field antenna structure occupies an area greater than or equal to 100 cm². 2 .

10. A dimming control method, characterized in that, The method, applied to a controller in a stacked assembly as described in any one of claims 1-9, comprises: An excitation signal is output to the electromagnetic field generating unit so that the electromagnetic field generating unit generates an electromagnetic field under the action of the excitation signal; Receive the electrical signal output by the electromagnetic field induction unit; The dimming gesture is identified based on the electrical signal; The light transmittance of the dimming film is adjusted according to the recognized dimming gesture.

11. The dimming control method according to claim 10, characterized in that, Before the step of recognizing the dimming gesture based on the electrical signal, the method further includes: Filter out electrical signals in non-target frequency bands, which are frequency bands different from the frequency band of the electromagnetic field generated by the electromagnetic field generating unit.

12. The dimming control method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The receiving of the electrical signal output by the electromagnetic field sensing unit includes: The electrical signal is continuously acquired at a preset sampling frequency; If the difference between the electrical signal acquired at the current moment and the electrical signal acquired at the previous moment is greater than a preset threshold, the current moment is taken as the starting sampling moment, and the electrical signal is continuously acquired within a preset sampling time at the preset sampling frequency to obtain the electrical signal corresponding to each sampling moment within the preset sampling time. The step of recognizing dimming gestures based on the electrical signal includes: The dimming gesture is identified based on the electrical signal corresponding to each sampling moment within the preset sampling time.

13. The dimming control method according to claim 12, characterized in that, Before the step of recognizing the dimming gesture based on the electrical signal corresponding to each sampling moment within the preset sampling time, the method further includes: Determine the difference between two electrical signals corresponding to all adjacent sampling times within the preset sampling time; Based on the difference between two electrical signals corresponding to all adjacent sampling times within the preset sampling time, abnormal electrical signals are identified and eliminated to obtain a preprocessed electrical signal dataset. The step of recognizing dimming gestures based on the electrical signals corresponding to each sampling moment within the preset sampling time includes: Dimming gestures are identified based on the preprocessed electrical signal dataset.

14. The dimming control method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The step of recognizing dimming gestures based on the preprocessed electrical signal dataset includes: Based on the electrical signal corresponding to the start sampling time, the electrical signal corresponding to the end sampling time, and the difference and mean between two electrical signals corresponding to all adjacent sampling times within the preset sampling time, the trend of electromagnetic field change is determined. The dimming gesture is determined based on the electromagnetic field change trend and the preset mapping table; The preset mapping table is used to characterize the mapping relationship between the electromagnetic field change trend and the dimming gesture; the termination sampling time is the time corresponding to the last occurrence within the preset sampling time when the difference between the electrical signal collected at the current time and the electrical signal collected at the previous time is greater than a preset threshold.

15. The dimming control method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The steps for constructing the preset mapping table include: Perform multiple dimming gesture operations in the signal transmission and reception area of ​​the electromagnetic field antenna structure; During the process of performing multiple dimming gesture operations in the signal transceiver area of ​​the electromagnetic field antenna structure, the electrical signal is continuously collected within a preset sampling time at a preset sampling frequency to obtain the electrical signal corresponding to each sampling moment within the preset sampling time. Based on the electrical signal corresponding to the start sampling time, the electrical signal corresponding to the end sampling time, and the difference and mean between two electrical signals corresponding to all adjacent sampling times within the preset sampling time, the trend of electromagnetic field change is determined. Establish and store a mapping table between the electromagnetic field change trend and the dimming gesture operation.

16. A means of transportation, characterized in that, The means of transport include: The vehicle body, and the stacked assembly as claimed in any one of claims 1-9, the stacked assembly being mounted on the vehicle body.

Images