Full-mixed pellet feed for mutton sheep based on whole-plant barley and application of full-mixed pellet feed
By preparing a fully mixed pelleted feed using whole barley and other ingredients, the problem of barley awns affecting palatability was solved, the production performance of meat sheep was improved and costs were reduced, and the effective utilization of whole plant hay barley was achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202512000860.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-06
AI Technical Summary
The hard awns and poor palatability of barley affect the feeding of sheep, resulting in a lack of research on the utilization of whole-plant hay barley.
Using whole-plant barley as the main raw material, and in proportion to corn, wheat bran, distillers' grains protein feed, soybean meal, cottonseed meal, flaxseed cake, sodium bicarbonate, salt and trace element premix, a fully mixed pelleted feed is prepared through crushing, mixing and pelleting processes to solve the problem of barley awns affecting palatability.
It increases the average daily weight gain of sheep, reduces the feed conversion ratio, increases the slaughter rate and reduces feeding costs, fills the gap in the application of whole-plant hay barley, and the feed is easy to store and transport.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of feed technology, and in particular to a whole-plant barley-based mixed pelleted feed for sheep and its application. Background Technology
[0002] barley( Barley Barley (L.) is one of the oldest cereal crops in my country, with a wide range of uses, including grain, feed, and brewing raw materials. It is characterized by its salt tolerance, drought resistance, and early maturity. Nutritionally, it is high in protein, with a generally higher amino acid composition than corn, and higher levels of minerals such as calcium, phosphorus, and potassium, as well as vitamins A and E. Currently, the main utilization methods for feed barley are whole-plant silage, or using barley grains as energy feed (concentrate) and barley straw (roughage). Research on the utilization of whole-plant hay is still lacking, primarily because barley awns are hard and have poor palatability, affecting sheep's consumption. Therefore, it is urgent to solve the problem of barley awns affecting palatability. Summary of the Invention
[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a total mixed pelleted feed for sheep based on whole-plant barley and its application. The total mixed pelleted feed for sheep provided by this invention has good palatability, reduces feed costs, effectively increases the net profit per sheep, and fills the gap in the application of whole-plant hay barley.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention provides a whole-plant barley-based total mixed pelleted feed for sheep, comprising the following raw materials in weight percentage: corn 36%-56%, wheat bran 0%-3%, distillers' grains 1.32%-5.2%, soybean meal 5.28%-5.6%, cottonseed meal 6%-8%, flaxseed cake 0%-4.8%, sodium bicarbonate 0.42%-0.96%, salt 0.18%-0.24%, trace element premix 3%-4%, whole-plant barley hay 10%-20%, and corn stalks 10%-20%.
[0005] Preferably, the whole barley hay is whole barley hay harvested at the milk stage.
[0006] Preferably, the barley includes Mengpi Barley No. 3.
[0007] Preferably, the trace element premix is a compound premixed feed for fattening sheep.
[0008] Preferably, the trace element premix includes: vitamin A, vitamin D3, vitamin E, niacin, biotin, ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, sodium selenite, potassium iodide, cobalt chloride, limestone powder, dicalcium phosphate, sodium chloride, sweetener, ethoxyquinoline, and rice husk powder.
[0009] This invention provides a method for preparing the total mixed pelleted feed for meat sheep as described in the above technical solution, comprising: Crush whole barley hay and corn stalks into 1-3cm lengths of straw. Corn, wheat bran, distillers' grains, soybean meal, cottonseed meal, and flaxseed cake are crushed separately, passed through a 40-mesh sieve, and the sieve-passing material is mixed in proportion to obtain feed powder. Mix 5% of the total weight of water with the chopped straw, the feed powder, sodium bicarbonate, salt, and trace element premix to obtain a mixture; The mixture is pelleted to obtain the total mixed pellet feed for meat sheep.
[0010] Preferably, water equal to 3% of the total weight of the raw materials is added during the mixing and stirring process.
[0011] Preferably, the mixing time is 3-5 minutes.
[0012] This invention provides the application of the total mixed pelleted feed for mutton sheep described in the above-described technical solution, or the total mixed pelleted feed for mutton sheep prepared by the above-described technical solution, in one or more of the following: 1) Increase the average daily weight gain of meat sheep; 2) Reduce the feed conversion ratio of meat sheep; 3) Increase the slaughter rate of meat sheep; 4) Reduce the cost of raising meat sheep; 5) Increase the profitability of meat sheep.
[0013] Preferably, the mutton sheep includes cold-blooded sheep.
[0014] Beneficial effects: Unlike the traditional use of barley as concentrated feed, this invention proposes a new application method for barley, utilizing the whole barley plant as roughage. This changes the traditional approach of using oats and corn stalks or corn stalks as the main raw materials. By employing a specific raw material ratio, feed costs are effectively reduced, and the net profit per sheep is increased, filling the gap in the domestic application of whole-plant hay barley. Furthermore, by preparing a fully mixed pelleted feed, this invention not only improves the palatability of the ration and increases feed intake, but also solves the problem of barley awns affecting palatability through gelatinization. The prepared feed is easy to store and transport, representing a future direction for livestock farming. Detailed Implementation
[0015] This invention provides a whole-plant barley-based total mixed pelleted feed for sheep, comprising the following raw materials in weight percentage: corn 36%-56%, wheat bran 0%-3%, distillers' grains 1.32%-5.2%, soybean meal 5.28%-5.6%, cottonseed meal 6%-8%, flaxseed cake 0%-4.8%, sodium bicarbonate 0.42%-0.96%, salt 0.18%-0.24%, trace element premix 3%-4%, whole-plant barley hay 10%-20%, and corn stalks 10%-20%.
[0016] In one embodiment, the whole-plant barley hay is whole-plant barley hay harvested at the milk stage.
[0017] In one embodiment, the barley includes Mengpi Barley No. 3.
[0018] In one implementation, the trace element premix is a compound premixed feed for fattening sheep.
[0019] In one embodiment, the trace element premix includes: vitamin A, vitamin D3, vitamin E, niacin, biotin, ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, sodium selenite, potassium iodide, cobalt chloride, limestone powder, dicalcium phosphate, sodium chloride, sweetener, ethoxyquinoline, and rice husk powder.
[0020] This invention reveals that replacing 20% of corn stalks in roughage with barley when feeding sheep can effectively increase the average daily weight gain, reduce the feed conversion ratio, increase the slaughter rate, reduce the feeding cost, and improve the profitability of sheep. The effects are superior to those of the corn stalk group and the group that partially replaced corn stalks with oats (Table 2). Therefore, accelerating the development of whole-plant barley feed formulations is of great significance for the development of forage and animal husbandry.
[0021] This invention provides a method for preparing the total mixed pelleted feed for meat sheep as described in the above technical solution, comprising: Crush whole barley hay and corn stalks into 1-3cm lengths of straw. Corn, wheat bran, distillers' grains, soybean meal, cottonseed meal, and flaxseed cake are crushed separately, passed through a 40-mesh sieve, and the sieve-passing material is mixed in proportion to obtain feed powder. Mix 5% of the total weight of water with the chopped straw, the feed powder, sodium bicarbonate, salt, and trace element premix to obtain a mixture; The mixture is fed into a pellet mill to obtain the total mixed pellet feed for meat sheep.
[0022] As one implementation method, water of 3% of the total weight of the raw materials is added during the mixing and stirring process.
[0023] As one implementation method, the mixing and stirring time is 3-5 minutes.
[0024] This invention uses a pellet mill to gelatinize all feed ingredients at high temperature and press them into pellets. The resulting pellet feed is convenient for storage and transportation, and can effectively solve the problem of barley awns, thus improving palatability.
[0025] Based on the above advantages, the present invention provides the application of the total mixed pelleted feed for mutton sheep described in the above technical solution or the total mixed pelleted feed for mutton sheep obtained by the preparation method described in the above technical solution in one or more of the following: 1) Increase the average daily weight gain of meat sheep; 2) Reduce the feed conversion ratio of meat sheep; 3) Increase the slaughter rate of meat sheep; 4) Reduce the cost of raising meat sheep; 5) Increase the profitability of meat sheep.
[0026] In one implementation, the mutton sheep includes Han sheep.
[0027] To further illustrate the present invention, the following detailed description, in conjunction with embodiments, of a whole-plant barley-based mixed pelleted feed for sheep and its application, is provided by the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0028] Preparation Example Some of the components used in this invention are from the following sources: Distillers' grains (DDGS) feed was purchased from Inner Mongolia Fuchuan Feed Technology Co., Ltd.
[0029] The micronutrient premix was purchased from Beijing Precision Animal Nutrition Research Center Co., Ltd. (Compound Premixed Feed 5% Fattening Sheep - SG250). Its main components are vitamin A, vitamin D3, vitamin E, niacin, biotin, ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, sodium selenite, potassium iodide, cobalt chloride, limestone powder, dicalcium phosphate, sodium chloride, sweetener, ethoxyquinoline, and rice husk powder (carrier), etc.
[0030] Whole barley hay is whole barley (Mengpi Mai No. 3) hay that has been harvested at the milk stage and dried until its weight remains unchanged for three consecutive days.
[0031] Oat hay is oat (Jia Yan No. 2) hay that has been harvested in the late grain-filling stage and dried until its weight remains unchanged for three consecutive days.
[0032] Example 1 A total mixed pelleted feed for meat sheep is composed of the following raw materials in weight percentage: 36% corn, 3% wheat bran, 1.32% distillers' grains (DDGS), 5.28% soybean meal, 6% cottonseed meal, 4.8% flaxseed cake, 0.42% sodium bicarbonate, 0.18% salt, 3% trace element premix, 20% whole barley hay, and 20% corn stalks.
[0033] The preparation method is as follows: Chop the whole barley hay and corn stalks into 1-3cm lengths. Corn, wheat bran, DDGS, soybean meal, cottonseed meal, and flaxseed cake are crushed separately, passed through a 40-mesh sieve, and the sieve-passing material is mixed in proportion to obtain feed powder. Add water equal to 5% of the total weight of the raw materials to the mixer. Then, add the chopped straw, feed powder, sodium bicarbonate, salt, and trace element premix (the trace element premix is diluted 10 times with corn or wheat bran in advance) to the mixer in sequence. While mixing, add water equal to 3% of the total weight of the raw materials and mix for 3-5 minutes to obtain the mixture. The mixture is fed into a pellet mill, pelleted, dried, and then bagged.
[0034] Example 2 A total mixed pelleted feed for mutton sheep, similar to that in Example 1, is composed of the following raw materials in weight percentage: corn 56%, wheat bran 0%, distillers' grains (DDGS) 5.2%, soybean meal 5.6%, cottonseed meal 8%, flaxseed cake 0%, sodium bicarbonate 0.96%, salt 0.24%, trace element premix 4%, whole barley hay 10%, and corn stalks 10%.
[0035] The preparation method is the same as in Example 1 (the feed powder does not contain bran and flaxseed cake).
[0036] Comparative Example 1 A whole mixed pelleted feed for mutton sheep similar to Example 1, except that it does not contain whole barley hay and contains 40% corn stalks.
[0037] Comparative Example 2 A total mixed pelleted feed for mutton sheep similar to Example 1, except that 20% whole barley hay is replaced with 20% oat hay.
[0038] Comparative Example 3 A whole mixed pelleted feed for mutton sheep, similar to Example 2, except that it does not contain whole barley hay and contains 20% corn stalks.
[0039] Comparative Example 4 A total mixed pelleted feed for mutton sheep similar to Example 2, except that 10% whole barley hay is replaced with 10% oat hay.
[0040] Test Example 1 The nutritional components in the feed were tested using the following methods (Table 1). The nutritional components of Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were tested, and the results are shown in Table 2.
[0041] Table 1. Detection methods for different nutrients
[0042] Table 2. Nutritional composition (%) of different feeds
[0043] As shown in Table 1, the nutritional levels of Example 1 are similar to those of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, and the nutritional levels of Example 2 are similar to those of Comparative Examples 3 and 4. The crude protein and crude ash content of Example 1 are between those of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, and that of Example 2 is between those of Comparative Examples 3 and 2. This indicates that, under the same conditions, the protein and crude ash content of whole barley straw is greater than that of corn straw but less than that of whole oat straw.
[0044] Test Example 2 Sixty female lambs of Han sheep with an average weight of 20 kg were selected and randomly divided into three groups (barley group, oat group, and control group) with 20 lambs in each group, based on similar weight. The experiment was conducted from April 5 to July 28, 2019, with a 15-day pre-feeding period and formal feeding starting on April 20, for a total experimental period of 99 days. Lambs were fed twice daily at fixed times (08:00 and 17:00) and had free access to water.
[0045] The barley group (whole barley hay + corn stalks) was fed with pelleted feed prepared in Example 1 in the early stage (45 days before formal feeding) and pelleted feed prepared in Example 2 in the later stage (from the 46th day of formal feeding to the end).
[0046] The oat group (whole oat hay + corn stalks) was fed with pelleted feed prepared in Comparative Example 2 in the early stage (45 days before formal feeding) and pelleted feed prepared in Comparative Example 4 in the later stage (from the 46th day of formal feeding to the end).
[0047] The control group (corn stalks) was fed pelleted feed prepared by Comparative Example 1 in the early stage (45 days before formal feeding) and pelleted feed prepared by Comparative Example 3 in the later stage (from the 46th day of formal feeding to the end).
[0048] The production performance and slaughter performance of lambs in different groups were measured in stages. The results are shown in Table 3. Among them, weight gain = final weight - initial weight; average daily weight gain = weight gain / number of trial days; feed conversion ratio = daily feed intake / daily weight gain; net profit from weight gain = (selling price - feed cost) × weight gain; increased income = net profit from weight gain in the experimental group - net profit from weight gain in the control group.
[0049] Table 3 Results of production performance and slaughter performance tests for different groups
[0050] The results showed that this invention, by using whole-plant barley as roughage to replace part of the corn stalks, changed the traditional application method of using oats + corn stalks or corn stalks as the main raw material, reducing feed costs and effectively increasing the net profit per sheep, filling the gap in the application of whole-plant hay barley. Furthermore, by preparing a fully mixed pelleted feed, not only was the palatability of the ration improved and feed intake increased, but the problem of barley awns affecting palatability was also solved. The prepared feed is convenient for storage and transportation, representing a future development direction for animal husbandry.
[0051] Although the above embodiments have provided a detailed description of the present invention, they are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. People can obtain other embodiments based on these embodiments without creative effort, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A total mixed pelleted feed for meat sheep based on whole-plant barley, characterized in that, The raw materials include the following ingredients by weight percentage: corn 36%-56%, wheat bran 0%-3%, distillers' grains 1.32%-5.2%, soybean meal 5.28%-5.6%, cottonseed meal 6%-8%, flaxseed cake 0%-4.8%, sodium bicarbonate 0.42%-0.96%, salt 0.18%-0.24%, micronutrient premix 3%-4%, whole barley hay 10%-20%, and corn stalks 10%-20%.
2. The total mixed pelleted feed for meat sheep according to claim 1, characterized in that, The whole-plant barley hay refers to whole-plant barley hay harvested at the milk stage.
3. The total mixed pelleted feed for meat sheep according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The barley mentioned includes Mengpi Barley No.
3.
4. The total mixed pelleted feed for mutton sheep according to claim 1, characterized in that, The trace element premix is a compound premixed feed for fattening sheep.
5. The total mixed pelleted feed for meat sheep according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, The trace element premix includes: vitamin A, vitamin D3, vitamin E, niacin, biotin, ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, sodium selenite, potassium iodide, cobalt chloride, limestone powder, dicalcium phosphate, sodium chloride, sweetener, ethoxyquinoline, and rice husk powder.
6. The method for preparing the total mixed pelleted feed for meat sheep according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, include: Crush whole barley hay and corn stalks into 1-3cm lengths of straw. Corn, wheat bran, distillers' grains, soybean meal, cottonseed meal, and flaxseed cake are crushed separately, passed through a 40-mesh sieve, and the sieve-passing material is mixed in proportion to obtain feed powder. Mix 5% of the total weight of water with the chopped straw, the feed powder, sodium bicarbonate, salt, and trace element premix to obtain a mixture; The mixture is pelleted to obtain the total mixed pellet feed for meat sheep.
7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, During the mixing process, water equal to 3% of the total weight of the raw materials is added.
8. The preparation method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The mixing time is 3-5 minutes.
9. The use of the total mixed pelleted feed for mutton sheep according to any one of claims 1 to 5, or the total mixed pelleted feed for mutton sheep obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, in one or more of the following: 1) Increase the average daily weight gain of meat sheep; 2) Reduce the feed conversion ratio of meat sheep; 3) Increase the slaughter rate of meat sheep; 4) Reduce the cost of raising meat sheep; 5) Increase the profitability of meat sheep.
10. The application according to claim 9, characterized in that, The mutton sheep mentioned include cold-blooded sheep.