Automatic welding device and welding process for prefabricated steel structural parts

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of steel structure welding technologies, in particular to an automatic welding device and process for prefabricated steel structural parts, which comprises a bottom plate, a vertical plate is mounted on the bottom plate, a fixing mechanism for fixing a square steel pipe is arranged on the vertical plate, and a mounting plate is arranged above the bottom plate. The mounting plate and the bottom plate are fixedly connected through a supporting plate, a welding gun is arranged on one side of the mounting plate, a welding head is mounted on the welding gun, and an adjusting mechanism used for adjusting the welding gun is arranged on the mounting plate. Compared with the prior art, the welding track can be adjusted according to the size of the steel pipe, the steel pipe does not need to be overturned, and the welding efficiency of the steel pipe is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of steel structure welding technology, specifically to an automatic welding device and welding process for prefabricated steel structural components. Background Technology

[0002] Precast steel structures are a type of prefabricated building system that uses steel as the main load-bearing material. Its core feature is that steel components are prefabricated in a factory and then transported to the construction site for rapid assembly. This structural form uses high-strength steel, offering advantages such as lightweight, high strength, and good seismic performance. It can meet the needs of large-span spaces and increase usable area. Its construction cycle is significantly shorter than traditional buildings, and its operation is less affected by weather. It conforms to green building principles—materials are highly recyclable, and the construction process reduces environmental pollution. This structure is widely used in industrial plants, commercial buildings, residences, public facilities, and other fields, representing an important development direction for modern architecture.

[0003] Currently, when using prefabricated steel structures to assemble buildings, a large proportion of square steel pipes are used. When welding the prefabricated square steel pipe structure, spot welding is required to fix the steel pipe first, and then welding is performed along the splice seam. During the welding process, the steel pipe needs to be turned over. Since the steel pipe itself is heavy, turning it over requires a lot of manpower and resources and is also dangerous, which reduces the welding efficiency of the steel pipe.

[0004] Therefore, based on the above problems, we have invented an automatic welding device and welding process for prefabricated steel structural components. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an automatic welding device and welding process for prefabricated steel structural components, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an automatic welding device for prefabricated steel structural components, comprising a base plate, a vertical plate mounted on the base plate, a fixing mechanism for fixing square steel pipes on the vertical plate, an mounting plate above the base plate, the mounting plate being fixedly connected to the base plate by a support plate, a welding torch on one side of the mounting plate, a welding head mounted on the welding torch, and an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the welding torch on the mounting plate.

[0007] Furthermore, the fixing mechanism includes two fixing plates fixedly installed on the upper end of the vertical plate, and two clamping plates are provided between the two fixing plates. A fixing screw is fixedly connected to the opposite side of each of the two clamping plates. The fixing screw slides through the fixing plate, and a rotating sleeve is threaded onto the external thread of the fixing screw. The rotating sleeve is rotatably connected to the fixing plate. A fixed motor is installed outside the vertical plate. The drive shaft of the fixed motor rotates through the vertical plate and is connected to the two rotating sleeves through a fixed transmission assembly.

[0008] Furthermore, the fixed transmission assembly includes a first pulley and a second pulley. The first pulley is coaxially mounted with the drive shaft of the fixed motor, and the second pulley is coaxially mounted with the rotating sleeve. The first pulley and the second pulley are connected by a synchronous belt drive.

[0009] Furthermore, the adjustment mechanism includes a rotating shaft that rotatably penetrates the mounting plate, a fixed rod fixedly connected to the rear end of the rotating shaft, a rotating ring rotatably mounted on the mounting plate, both ends of the fixed rod being fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rotating ring, a drive motor mounted on the mounting plate, a drive gear coaxially mounted on the drive shaft of the drive motor rotatably penetrating the mounting plate, an annular toothed groove meshing with the drive gear on the outside of the rotating ring, a sliding sleeve slidably fitted around the fixed rod, a limit plug rod rotatably connected to the front end of the sliding sleeve, a limit sliding mechanism for limiting the limit plug rod on the mounting plate, and a return plate fitted over the mounting plate, the return plate being rotatably mounted with the sliding sleeve. The mounting plate has two limiting plates fixedly installed at its front end. A horizontal sliding plate is slidably installed on the two limiting plates. The U-shaped plate is slidably installed with the horizontal sliding plate. An L-shaped fixing plate is fixedly installed on the rear side of the U-shaped plate. A fixing ring is fixedly connected to the end of the L-shaped fixing plate away from the U-shaped plate. A rotating ring is rotatably installed outside the fixing ring. The welding torch is fixedly installed on the rotating ring. A gearbox is installed on the L-shaped fixing plate. An output gear is coaxially installed on the output end of the gearbox. The input end of the gearbox is rotatably installed through the L-shaped fixing plate. The input end of the gearbox is connected to the rotating shaft through an intermediate transmission mechanism.

[0010] Furthermore, the limiting sliding mechanism includes an upper splicing frame and a lower splicing frame that are slidably installed with the mounting plate. The upper splicing frame matches the lower splicing frame. The mounting plate has two L-shaped holes, and an adjusting screw is rotatably installed in each of the two L-shaped holes. A threaded block is threaded onto the external thread of each adjusting screw. The two threaded blocks are fixedly connected to the upper splicing frame and the lower splicing frame, respectively. A drive shaft is rotatably inserted between the two L-shaped holes. The drive shaft is connected to the two adjusting screws through a synchronous transmission mechanism. An adjusting motor is installed on the mounting plate. The drive shaft of the adjusting motor rotatably passes through the mounting plate and is coaxially installed with the drive shaft. Both the upper and lower splicing frames have sliding grooves that match the limiting rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the synchronous transmission mechanism includes a main pulley and a driven pulley. The main pulley is coaxially mounted with the transmission shaft, and the driven pulley is coaxially mounted with the adjusting screw. The main pulley and the driven pulley are connected by a synchronous belt drive.

[0012] Furthermore, the intermediate transmission mechanism includes two deflection plates, which are rotatably connected to the rotating shaft and the input end of the gearbox, respectively. The two deflection plates are rotatably connected to each other via an intermediate shaft. A third pulley is coaxially mounted on the rotating shaft, and a fourth and fifth pulley are coaxially mounted on the intermediate shaft. A sixth pulley is coaxially mounted on the input end of the gearbox. The third and fourth pulleys are connected by a synchronous belt drive, and the fifth and sixth pulleys are also connected by a synchronous belt drive.

[0013] Furthermore, the rotating ring has a U-shaped cross-section, and the fixed ring is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the U-shape of the rotating ring.

[0014] Furthermore, the weld point of the welding head is located at the central axis of the rotating ring.

[0015] An automated welding process for prefabricated steel structural components includes the following steps: S1: Place the square steel pipe to be welded on the vertical plate and fix it in place; S2: Adjust the positions of the upper and lower splicing frames according to the size of the square steel pipe so that the size of the upper and lower splicing frames after splicing is the same as that of the square steel pipe, and adjust the transmission ratio of the gearbox. S3: Driven by a drive motor, the welding head rotates along the square of the welding point, allowing for all-around welding of the square steel pipe.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an automatic welding device and welding process for prefabricated steel structural components, which has the following beneficial effects: The welding trajectory can be adjusted according to the size of the steel pipe. When welding square steel pipes, welding can be carried out directly along the weld seam without flipping the steel pipe, which improves the welding efficiency and enhances safety.

[0017] This application allows for adjustment of the welding trajectory based on the dimensions of the steel pipe, eliminating the need to flip the steel pipe and improving welding efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a front view of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a front view of the adjustment mechanism in this invention. Figure 3 This is a top perspective view of the adjustment mechanism in this invention; Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the rear structure of the mounting plate in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure at the rotating ring in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing mechanism in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting sliding mechanism in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the upper and lower splicing frames in this invention; Figure 9 This is a front structural diagram of the upper and lower splicing frames in this invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Base plate; 2. Vertical plate; 3. Fixing mechanism; 4. Fixing plate; 5. Clamping plate; 6. Fixing screw; 7. Fixing motor; 8. Fixing transmission assembly; 9. First pulley; 10. Second pulley; 11. Rotating sleeve; 12. Mounting plate; 13. Support plate; 14. Welding torch; 15. Welding head; 16. Adjusting mechanism; 17. Rotary ring; 18. Drive motor; 19. Drive gear; 20. Fixing rod; 21. Sliding sleeve; 22. Return plate; 23. Limiting plate; 24. Lateral sliding plate; 25. Rotating shaft; 26. L-shaped fixing. 27. Plate; 28. Fixed ring; 29. ​​Rotating ring; 30. Gearbox; 31. Output gear; 32. Deflection plate; 33. Intermediate shaft; 34. Intermediate transmission mechanism; 35. Third pulley; 36. Fourth pulley; 37. Fifth pulley; 38. Sixth pulley; 39. Limiting sliding mechanism; 40. Upper splicing frame; 41. Lower splicing frame; 42. L-shaped hole; 43. Adjusting screw; 44. Threaded block; 45. Transmission shaft; 46. Synchronous transmission mechanism; 47. Main pulley; 48. Driven pulley; 49. Adjusting motor; 40. Limiting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] As described in the background section, there are shortcomings in the existing technology. In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application proposes an automatic welding device and welding process for prefabricated steel structure components.

[0022] like Figures 1-9As shown, an automatic welding device for prefabricated steel structures includes a base plate 1, a vertical plate 2 mounted on the base plate 1, a fixing mechanism 3 for fixing square steel pipes on the vertical plate 2, an mounting plate 12 above the base plate 1, and a support plate 13 for fixing the mounting plate 12 to the base plate 1. A welding torch 14 is provided on one side of the mounting plate 12, and a welding head 15 is mounted on the welding torch 14. It is worth mentioning that the welding point of the welding head 15 is located at the central axis of the rotating ring 28. An adjustment mechanism 16 for adjusting the welding torch 14 is provided on the mounting plate 12.

[0023] To fix the square steel pipe welding, a fixing mechanism 3 is set up. The fixing mechanism 3 includes two fixing plates 4 fixedly installed on the upper end of the vertical plate 2. Two clamping plates 5 are provided between the two fixing plates 4. Fixing screws 6 are fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the two clamping plates 5. The fixing screws 6 are slidably installed through the fixing plates 4. A rotating sleeve 11 is threaded on the external thread of the fixing screws 6. The rotating sleeve 11 is rotatably connected to the fixing plates 4. A fixed motor 7 is installed on the outside of the vertical plate 2. The drive shaft of the fixed motor 7 rotates through the vertical plate 2 and is connected to the two rotating sleeves 11 through a fixed transmission assembly 8. It is worth mentioning that the fixed transmission assembly 8 includes a first pulley 9 and a second pulley 10. The first pulley 9 is coaxially installed with the drive shaft of the fixed motor 7, and the second pulley 10 is coaxially installed with the rotating sleeve 11. The first pulley 9 and the second pulley 10 are connected by a synchronous belt drive.

[0024] Through the above technical features: the drive shaft of the fixed motor 7 drives the two rotating sleeves 11 to rotate, the two rotating sleeves 11 drive the two fixed screws 6 to move relative to each other, and the two fixed screws 6 drive the two clamping plates 5 to move until the square steel pipe is fixed, so that steel pipes of different sizes can be fixed, and the application range is wide.

[0025] To adjust the position of the welding head 15 during the welding of square steel pipes, an adjustment mechanism 16 is provided. The adjustment mechanism 16 includes a rotating shaft 25 that rotatably passes through the mounting plate 12. A fixing rod 20 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the rotating shaft 25. A rotating ring 17 is rotatably mounted on the mounting plate 12. Both ends of the fixing rod 20 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rotating ring 17. A drive motor 18 is mounted on the mounting plate 12. The drive shaft of the drive motor 18 rotatably passes through the mounting plate 12 and a drive gear 19 is coaxially mounted thereon. The rotating ring 17 has an annular toothed groove that meshes with the drive gear 19. The fixing rod... The mounting plate 12 is fitted with a sliding sleeve 21, the front end of which is rotatably connected to a limiting rod 49. A limiting sliding mechanism 38 for limiting the limiting rod 49 is provided on the mounting plate 12. A retaining plate 22 is fitted over the mounting plate 12, and the retaining plate 22 is rotatably mounted to the sliding sleeve 21. Two limiting plates 23 are fixedly mounted on the front end of the mounting plate 12, and the same transverse sliding plate 24 is slidably mounted on the two limiting plates 23. The retaining plate 22 is slidably mounted to the transverse sliding plate 24. An L-shaped fixing plate 26 is fixedly mounted on the rear side of the retaining plate 22. A fixed ring 27 is fixedly connected to the end of the L-shaped plate 26 away from the U-shaped plate 22. A rotating ring 28 is rotatably mounted on the outside of the fixed ring 27. The welding torch 14 is fixedly mounted on the rotating ring 28. It should be noted that the rotating ring 28 has a U-shaped cross-section. The fixed ring 27 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the U-shape of the rotating ring 28. A gearbox 29 is mounted on the L-shaped fixed plate 26. An output gear 30 is coaxially mounted on the output end of the gearbox 29. The input end of the gearbox 29 rotatably passes through the L-shaped fixed plate 26. The input end of the gearbox 29 is connected to the rotating shaft 25 through an intermediate transmission mechanism 33. Next, the intermediate transmission mechanism 33 includes two deflection plates 31, which are rotatably connected to the input ends of the rotating shaft 25 and the gearbox 29, respectively. The two deflection plates 31 are rotatably connected to each other through an intermediate shaft 32. A third pulley 34 is coaxially mounted on the rotating shaft 25, and a fourth pulley 35 and a fifth pulley 36 are coaxially mounted on the intermediate shaft 32. A sixth pulley 37 is coaxially mounted on the input end of the gearbox 29. The third pulley 34 and the fourth pulley 35 are connected by a synchronous belt drive, and the fifth pulley 36 and the sixth pulley 37 are connected by a synchronous belt drive.

[0026] Through the above technical features: the drive motor 18 drives the drive gear 19 to rotate, the drive gear 19 drives the rotating ring 17 to rotate, the rotating ring 17 drives the fixed rod 20 and the rotating shaft 25 to rotate. At this time, the limiting rod 49 moves along the slide groove under the restriction of the upper splicing frame 39 and the lower splicing frame 40. The limiting rod 49 drives the sliding sleeve 21 to rotate in a square trajectory. The sliding sleeve 21 drives the return plate 22 to rotate. The return plate 22 drives the fixed ring 27 and the rotating ring 28 to rotate in a square trajectory through the L-shaped fixed plate 26. At the same time, the rotating shaft 25 drives the input end of the gearbox 29 to rotate through the intermediate transmission mechanism 33. The input speed of the 9 is proportionally controlled by the gearbox 29 and output from the output end of the gearbox 29. The output end of the gearbox 29 drives the output gear 30 to rotate, the output gear 30 drives the rotating ring 28 to rotate, and the rotating ring 28 drives the welding torch 14 and the welding head 15 to rotate. At this time, since the welding point of the welding head 15 is located at the central axis of the rotating ring 28, when the rotating ring 28 makes square movements, its central axis is located at the weld seam of the square steel pipe, so the square steel pipe can be welded from all directions. When welding the square steel pipe, it is not necessary to flip it, which saves the welding time and improves the welding efficiency.

[0027] To adjust the welding path according to the size of the steel pipe, a limiting sliding mechanism 38 is provided. The limiting sliding mechanism 38 includes an upper splicing frame 39 and a lower splicing frame 40 that are slidably mounted to the mounting plate 12. The upper splicing frame 39 matches the lower splicing frame 40. The mounting plate 12 has two L-shaped holes 41, each containing an adjusting screw 42. Threaded blocks 43 are threaded onto the external threads of the adjusting screws 42. The two threaded blocks 43 are fixedly connected to the upper splicing frame 39 and the lower splicing frame 40, respectively. A drive shaft 44 rotatably passes through the two L-shaped holes 41. 4 is connected to the two adjusting screws 42 via a synchronous transmission mechanism 45. It should be noted that the synchronous transmission mechanism 45 includes a main pulley 46 and a driven pulley 47. The main pulley 46 is coaxially mounted with the transmission shaft 44, and the driven pulley 47 is coaxially mounted with the adjusting screw 42. The main pulley 46 and the driven pulley 47 are connected by a synchronous belt. An adjusting motor 48 is mounted on the mounting plate 12. The drive shaft of the adjusting motor 48 rotates through the mounting plate 12 and is coaxially mounted with the transmission shaft 44. The upper splicing frame 39 and the lower splicing frame 40 are both provided with sliding grooves that match the limiting rod 49.

[0028] Through the above technical features: by adjusting the drive shaft of the motor 48 to drive the transmission shaft 44 to rotate, the transmission shaft 44 drives the two adjusting screws 42 to rotate, the two adjusting screws 42 drive the two threaded blocks 43 to move, and the two threaded blocks 43 drive the upper splicing frame 39 and the lower splicing frame 40 to move until they are in the appropriate position, the size of the groove of the upper splicing frame 39 and the lower splicing frame 40 can be adjusted according to the size of the square steel pipe to make it the same as the size of the steel pipe, so that different steel pipes can be welded.

[0029] An automated welding process for prefabricated steel structural components includes the following steps: S1: Place the square steel pipe to be welded on the vertical plate 2 and fix it; S2: Adjust the positions of the upper splicing frame 39 and the lower splicing frame 40 according to the size of the square steel pipe so that the size of the upper splicing frame 39 and the lower splicing frame 40 after splicing is the same as that of the square steel pipe, and adjust the transmission ratio of the gearbox 29. S3: Driven by the drive motor 18, the welding head 15 rotates along the square of the welding point to weld the square steel pipe from all directions.

[0030] Working principle: 1) Adjusting the welding trajectory: By adjusting the drive shaft of the motor 48, the transmission shaft 44 is driven to rotate. The transmission shaft 44 drives the two adjusting screws 42 to rotate. The two adjusting screws 42 drive the two threaded blocks 43 to move. The two threaded blocks 43 drive the upper splicing frame 39 and the lower splicing frame 40 to move until they are in the appropriate position. The size of the groove of the upper splicing frame 39 and the lower splicing frame 40 can be adjusted according to the size of the square steel pipe so that it is the same as the size of the steel pipe. This allows for welding of different steel pipes. 2) Fixing the steel pipe: The drive shaft of the fixed motor 7 drives the two rotating sleeves 11 to rotate. The two rotating sleeves 11 drive the two fixing screws 6 to move relative to each other. The two fixing screws 6 drive the two clamping plates 5 to move until the square steel pipe is fixed. This can fix steel pipes of different sizes and has a wide range of applications. 3) Welding of steel pipes: The drive motor 18 drives the drive gear 19 to rotate, which in turn drives the rotating ring 17 to rotate. The rotating ring 17 then drives the fixed rod 20 and the rotating shaft 25 to rotate. At this time, the limiting rod 49 moves along the slide groove under the constraint of the upper splicing frame 39 and the lower splicing frame 40. The limiting rod 49 drives the sliding sleeve 21 to rotate in a square trajectory. The sliding sleeve 21 drives the return plate 22 to rotate. The return plate 22 drives the fixed ring 27 and the rotating ring 28 to rotate in a square trajectory through the L-shaped fixed plate 26. At the same time, the rotating shaft 25 drives the input end of the gearbox 29 to rotate through the intermediate transmission mechanism 33. The input speed is proportionally controlled by the gearbox 29 and output from the output end of the gearbox 29. The output end of the gearbox 29 drives the output gear 30 to rotate, the output gear 30 drives the rotating ring 28 to rotate, and the rotating ring 28 drives the welding torch 14 and the welding head 15 to rotate. At this time, since the welding point of the welding head 15 is located at the central axis of the rotating ring 28, when the rotating ring 28 makes square movements, its central axis is located at the weld seam of the square steel pipe, so the square steel pipe can be welded from all directions. When welding the square steel pipe, it is not necessary to flip it, which saves the welding time and improves the welding efficiency.

[0031] It should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This way of describing the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0032] The detailed descriptions listed above are merely specific descriptions of feasible implementation methods of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. All equivalent implementation methods or modifications made without departing from the spirit of the art of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. An apparatus for automatic welding of prefabricated steel structural members, characterized by: The utility model relates to a square steel pipe fixing device, including bottom plate (1), the bottom plate (1) is installed with riser (2), be equipped with the fixed mechanism (3) for fixing for square steel pipe on riser (2), the top of bottom plate (1) is equipped with mounting plate (12), the mounting plate (12) is fixedly connected with bottom plate (1) through support plate (13), one side of mounting plate (12) is equipped with welder (14), welder (14) is installed with welding head (15), mounting plate (12) is equipped with the adjusting mechanism (16) for adjusting welder (14).

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The fixed mechanism (3) includes two fixed plates (4) fixedly installed on the upper end of the riser (2), two clamping plates (5) are arranged between the two fixed plates (4), the fixed screw rods (6) are fixedly connected to the opposite sides of the two clamping plates (5), the fixed screw rods (6) are slidably arranged through the fixed plates (4), the rotating sleeves (11) are externally threaded on the fixed screw rods (6), the rotating sleeves (11) are rotatably connected to the fixed plates (4), the fixed motors (7) are installed on the riser (2), the drive shafts of the fixed motors (7) are rotatably arranged through the riser (2) and are drivingly connected to the two rotating sleeves (11) through the fixed transmission assemblies (8).

3. An apparatus for automatically welding a prefabricated steel structural member as defined in claim 2, wherein: The fixed transmission assembly (8) includes a first pulley (9) and a second pulley (10), the first pulley (9) is coaxially installed on the drive shaft of the fixed motor (7), the second pulley (10) is coaxially installed on the rotating sleeve (11), and the first pulley (9) and the second pulley (10) are drivingly connected through a synchronous belt.

4. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein: The adjusting mechanism (16) comprises a rotating shaft (25) penetratingly arranged on the mounting plate (12), the rear end of the rotating shaft (25) is fixedly connected with a fixed rod (20), the mounting plate (12) is rotatably provided with a rotating ring (17), the two ends of the fixed rod (20) are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the rotating ring (17), the mounting plate (12) is provided with a driving motor (18), the driving shaft of the driving motor (18) penetrates through the mounting plate (12) and is coaxially provided with a driving gear (19), the rotating ring (17) is externally provided with an annular gear slot meshing with the driving gear (19), the fixed rod (20) is externally slidably provided with a sliding sleeve (21), the front end of the sliding sleeve (21) is rotatably connected with a limiting plug rod (49), the mounting plate (12) is provided with a limiting sliding mechanism (38) for limiting the limiting plug rod (49), the mounting plate (12) is externally provided with a back-shaped plate (22), the back-shaped plate (22) is rotatably arranged with the sliding sleeve (21), the front end of the mounting plate (12) is fixedly provided with two limiting plates (23), the same horizontal sliding plate (24) is slidably arranged on the two limiting plates (23), the back-shaped plate (22) is slidably arranged with the horizontal sliding plate (24), the back-shaped plate (22) is fixedly arranged with an L-shaped fixed plate (26) at the position of the rear side of the mounting plate (12), the L-shaped fixed plate (26) is fixedly connected with a fixed ring (27) at the end away from the back-shaped plate (22), the fixed ring (27) is rotatably arranged with a rotating ring (28), the welding gun (14) is fixedly arranged on the rotating ring (28), the L-shaped fixed plate (26) is provided with a gear box (29), the output end of the gear box (29) is coaxially provided with an output gear (30), the input end of the gear box (29) penetrates through the L-shaped fixed plate (26), and the input end of the gear box (29) is drivingly connected with the rotating shaft (25) through an intermediate transmission mechanism (33).

5. An apparatus for automatically welding prefabricated steel structural members as defined in claim 4, wherein: The limiting sliding mechanism (38) comprises an upper splicing frame (39) and a lower splicing frame (40) slidably arranged on the mounting plate (12), the upper splicing frame (39) is matched with the lower splicing frame (40), the mounting plate (12) is provided with two L-shaped holes (41), the two L-shaped holes (41) are rotatably arranged with adjusting screws (42), the adjusting screws (42) are externally threadedly provided with threaded blocks (43), the two threaded blocks (43) are fixedly connected with the upper splicing frame (39) and the lower splicing frame (40) respectively, a transmission shaft (44) penetrates through and is rotatably arranged between the two L-shaped holes (41), the transmission shaft (44) and the two adjusting screws (42) are drivingly connected through a synchronous transmission mechanism (45), the mounting plate (12) is provided with an adjusting motor (48), the driving shaft of the adjusting motor (48) penetrates through the mounting plate (12) and is coaxially arranged with the transmission shaft (44), and the upper splicing frame (39) and the lower splicing frame (40) are both provided with sliding grooves matched with the limiting plug rod (49).

6. An apparatus for automatically welding a prefabricated steel structural member as defined in claim 5, wherein: The synchronous transmission mechanism (45) comprises a main pulley (46) and a slave pulley (47), the main pulley (46) is coaxially installed with the transmission shaft (44), the slave pulley (47) is coaxially installed with the adjusting screw rod (42), and the main pulley (46) and the slave pulley (47) are connected by a synchronous belt transmission.

7. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein: The intermediate transmission mechanism (33) comprises two deflection plates (31), the two deflection plates (31) are respectively rotationally connected with the rotating shaft (25) and the input end of the gear box (29), the two deflection plates (31) are rotationally connected by an intermediate shaft (32), the rotating shaft (25) is coaxially provided with a third pulley (34), the intermediate shaft (32) is coaxially provided with a fourth pulley (35) and a fifth pulley (36), the input end of the gear box (29) is coaxially provided with a sixth pulley (37), the third pulley (34) and the fourth pulley (35) are connected by a synchronous belt transmission, and the fifth pulley (36) and the sixth pulley (37) are connected by a synchronous belt transmission.

8. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein: The rotating ring (28) is provided in a U-shaped cross section, and the fixed ring (27) is rotationally connected with the inner wall of the U-shaped rotating ring (28).

9. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein: The welding point of the welding head (15) is located at the central axis of the rotating ring (28).

10. An automatic welding process for prefabricated steel structural members, suitable for use in an automatic welding device for prefabricated steel structural members according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1: placing and fixing the square steel pipe to be welded on the vertical plate (2); S2: adjusting the positions of the upper splicing frame (39) and the lower splicing frame (40) according to the size of the square steel pipe, so that the size of the spliced upper splicing frame (39) and lower splicing frame (40) is the same as that of the square steel pipe, and the transmission ratio of the gear box (29) is adjusted; S3: driving the welding head (15) to rotate along the welding point square by the driving motor (18) to weld the square steel pipe in all directions.

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