High-speed high-power diesel engine camshaft end hole machining tool and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-speed high-power diesel engine camshaft end hole machining tool and method, and belongs to the technical field of machining. The tool comprises two V-shaped positioning blocks with V-shaped grooves in the middles; the transition chuck body is in a hexagonal prism shape, two symmetrical inclined faces of the lower portion of the transition chuck body abut against two inclined faces of the V-shaped groove, a pair of symmetrical threaded holes are formed in two inclined faces of the upper portion of the transition chuck body, and the threaded holes are communicated with an inner round hole formed in the middle of the transition chuck. A locking bolt is in threaded connection in the threaded hole; the two sides of the upper end of the V-shaped positioning block are fixedly connected with a hinged column and a threaded column respectively. One end of the pressing plate is hinged to the top end of the hinge column, the other end of the pressing plate is provided with a sleeve hole used for sleeving the threaded column, and the top end of the threaded column is in threaded connection with a nut. The transition chuck and the cam shaft are connected into an integrated shaft piece, after a cam shaft pin hole in one end is machined, the integrated shaft piece is turned over, the positioning precision can be guaranteed, meanwhile, disassembly and assembly are reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of mechanical processing, and particularly relates to a high-speed high-power diesel engine camshaft end hole processing tool and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The camshaft is an important internal component of an engine, and the length thereof is generally short. However, the length of the camshaft of some large diesel engines can reach 2-3 meters. The processing cost of the slender shaft is high. The processing difficulty and cost can be reduced by processing the super-long camshaft after being split and then assembling the camshaft. However, the butt joint precision is required to be high during the assembly. For example, the camshaft of a certain type of diesel engine is assembled by two long and short camshafts. The long and short camshafts are positioned by using positioning pin holes. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, two positioning pin holes with a diameter of 8 and 6 are arranged at the two ends of the long camshaft. The angular vector error of the two positioning pin holes needs to be less than plus or minus 0.08 degrees, so as to ensure that the cam angle after assembly meets the requirements of the drawing. During the processing of the pin holes at the two ends of the camshaft, a V-shaped block is generally used for positioning, and the processing is performed on a horizontal machining center. After the pin hole at one end of the camshaft is processed, if the clamping device is directly loosened, the camshaft needs to be repositioned when being turned over, and it is difficult to ensure the positioning precision. How to use the existing horizontal machining center to process the pin holes at the two ends of the long camshaft and ensure the positioning precision after the direction is turned over has become a difficult problem. Figure 4 5 SUMMARY

[0003] In order to overcome the defects in the background art, the application provides a high-speed high-power diesel engine camshaft end hole processing tool and method, which aims to design and manufacture a transition chuck, and connect the transition chuck with the camshaft to form an integrated shaft, and turn over the integrated shaft after the pin hole at one end of the camshaft is processed. The positioning precision can be ensured, the disassembly and assembly are reduced, and the work efficiency is improved.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the application provides the following technical scheme: a high-speed high-power diesel engine camshaft end hole processing tool, comprising two V-shaped positioning blocks; a V-shaped groove is arranged at the top end of the V-shaped positioning block; the tool further comprises a transition chuck, the transition chuck has a hexagonal column shape, the lower part of the transition chuck is provided with two symmetrical inclined surfaces which abut against the two inclined surfaces of the V-shaped groove, the upper part of the transition chuck is provided with a pair of symmetrical threaded holes, and the threaded holes are in communication with an inner circular hole arranged in the middle of the transition chuck; the inner circular holes of the two transition chucks are sleeved at the two ends of the camshaft, locking bolts are threadedly connected in the threaded holes, and the locking bolts are used for fixing the camshaft and the transition chuck to form an integrated shaft when the locking bolts are tightened; a hinge column and a threaded column are respectively fixedly connected to the two sides of the upper end of the V-shaped positioning block; one end of a pressing plate is hingedly connected to the top end of the hinge column, the other end of the pressing plate is provided with a sleeve hole for sleeving the threaded column, and a nut is threadedly connected to the top end of the threaded column, and the lower end of the pressing plate is pressed against the top end flat surface of the transition chuck when the nut is tightened. ​​

[0005] As a further optimization, a worktable is also included, on which the two V-shaped positioning blocks are fixedly connected.

[0006] As a further optimization, the V-shaped positioning block is provided with a connection hole for detachable installation onto the worktable via bolts.

[0007] As a further optimization, the included angle between the two inclined surfaces of the V-groove is 90°.

[0008] As a further optimization, the nut is a wing nut.

[0009] The present invention also provides a method for machining the end hole of a high-speed, high-power diesel engine camshaft, which utilizes the aforementioned high-speed, high-power diesel engine camshaft end hole machining fixture and includes the following steps.

[0010] S1: Fit the transition chucks onto both ends of the camshaft, and then tighten the locking bolts to form an integral shaft, so that the top and bottom planes of the two transition chucks are parallel to the horizontal plane;

[0011] S2: Place the integral shaft flat on the upper end of a pair of V-shaped positioning blocks, so that the two symmetrical inclined surfaces at the lower part of the transition chuck abut against the two inclined surfaces of the V-shaped groove at the upper end of the V-shaped positioning block, and keep the top and bottom planes of the transition chuck horizontal.

[0012] S3: Cover the pressure plate, tighten the nut to clamp and fix the integral shaft, and then start the horizontal machining center to start machining the pin hole at one end of the camshaft until the pin hole is machined.

[0013] S4: Loosen the nut, flip open the pressure plate, lift the integral shaft and rotate it 180°, then repeat steps S2-S3 to complete the pin hole machining at the other end of the camshaft;

[0014] S5: Loosen the nut, flip the pressure plate, remove the integral shaft, then loosen the locking bolt, remove the transition chuck, and obtain the machined camshaft;

[0015] The advantages of this invention are that it connects the camshaft to the camshaft as an integral shaft by means of a transition chuck. After machining the pin hole at one end of the camshaft, the integral shaft is flipped over, which can ensure positioning accuracy while reducing disassembly and assembly and improving work efficiency. The angular vector error of the holes at both ends of the camshaft machined according to this invention can be less than ±0.08°. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the integrated shaft component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the integral shaft clamped onto the V-shaped positioning block according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention during machining using a horizontal machining center.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the camshaft structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged views of the K and F directions (i.e., the two end faces of the camshaft).

[0021] The technical features in the figure correspond to the reference numerals as follows: 1. Transition chuck; 2. Locking bolt; 3. Camshaft; 4. Pressure plate; 5. Integrated shaft; 6. Front V-shaped positioning block; 7. Worktable; 8. Rear V-shaped positioning block; 10. Horizontal machining center. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Example; please refer to Figures 1-5 This invention provides a tooling for machining the end hole of a high-speed, high-power diesel engine camshaft, comprising two V-shaped positioning blocks; each V-shaped positioning block has a V-shaped groove in the middle of its top end; it also includes a transition chuck 1, which is hexagonal prism in shape, with two symmetrical inclined surfaces at its lower part abutting against the two inclined surfaces of the V-shaped groove, and a pair of symmetrical threaded holes on its upper two inclined surfaces, the threaded holes communicating with an inner circular hole in the middle of the transition chuck 1; a locking bolt 2 is threadedly connected to the threaded hole, used to tighten the locking bolt 2 after the inner circular holes of the two transition chucks 1 are fitted onto the two ends of the camshaft 3, thereby fixing the camshaft 3 and the transition chuck 1 into an integral shaft 5; a hinge post and a threaded post are respectively fixedly connected to the upper two sides of the V-shaped positioning block; one end of a pressure plate 4 is hinged to the top end of the hinge post, and the other end has a sleeve hole for fitting onto the threaded post, the top end of the threaded post is threadedly connected to a nut, used to press the lower end of the pressure plate 4 against the top plane of the transition chuck 1 when the nut is tightened.

[0024] In use, a self-made transition chuck 1 is made. The transition chuck 1 consists of a transition chuck 1 body and a locking bolt 2. The transition chuck 1 body is in the shape of an inner circle and an outer hexagon. The angle between the inclined surface of the transition chuck 1 body and the inclined surface of the V-shaped positioning block is 90°. During processing, two transition chucks 1 and two V-shaped positioning blocks are used, namely the front V-shaped positioning block 6 and the rear V-shaped positioning block 8, which are respectively installed at the front and rear ends of the worktable 7. Then, the transition chucks 1 are installed at the front and rear ends of the camshaft 3. The transition chucks 1 and the camshaft 3 are connected as one piece (hereinafter referred to as: integrated shaft 5) with the locking bolt 2. The front and rear transition chucks 1 are installed in the same way as the camshaft 3. By manually aligning the machine tool, ensure that the height of the V-shaped locating blocks at both ends is consistent and that the center lines of the two V-shaped locating blocks are parallel to the tool spindle. Then, place the integrated shaft 5 on the two V-shaped locating blocks on the machine tool and fix the integrated shaft 5 on the V-shaped locating blocks using the pressure plate 4. This completes the positioning and clamping work before machining the camshaft 3. Afterward, the horizontal machining center 10 can be started to complete the machining of the pin hole at one end of the camshaft 3. Once the pin hole at one end is machined, the pressure plate 4 can be released. Turn the integrated shaft 5 around and then lock the pressure plate 4 again to complete the machining of the pin hole at the other end of the camshaft 3.

[0025] In other words, the method of use, namely a method for machining the end hole of a high-speed, high-power diesel engine camshaft, includes the following steps.

[0026] S1: The transition chucks 1 are fitted onto both ends of the camshaft, and the locking bolts 2 are tightened to form an integral shaft 5, so that the top and bottom planes of the two transition chucks 1 are parallel to the horizontal plane.

[0027] S2: Place the integral shaft 5 flat on the upper end of the pair of V-shaped positioning blocks, so that the two symmetrical inclined surfaces at the lower part of the transition chuck 1 abut against the two inclined surfaces of the V-shaped groove at the upper end of the V-shaped positioning block, and keep the top and bottom planes of the transition chuck 1 horizontal.

[0028] S3: Cover the pressure plate 4, tighten the nut to clamp and fix the integral shaft 5, and then start the horizontal machining center to start machining the pin hole at one end of the camshaft 3 until the pin hole is machined.

[0029] S4: Loosen the nut, flip open the pressure plate 4, lift the integral shaft 5 and rotate it 180°, then repeat steps S2-S3 to complete the pin hole machining on the other end of the camshaft 3.

[0030] S5: Loosen the nut, flip the pressure plate 4, remove the integral shaft 5, then loosen the locking bolt 2, remove the transition chuck 1, and obtain the machined camshaft 3.

[0031] Preferably, the V-shaped positioning block is provided with a connecting hole for detachable installation onto the worktable 7 via bolts, making the V-shaped positioning block detachable for easy maintenance and replacement. Preferably, the nut is a wing nut for quick assembly and disassembly, improving work efficiency.

[0032] The advantage of this device is that it connects the camshaft 3 to the transition chuck 1 to form an integral shaft 5. After machining the pin hole of one end of the camshaft 3, the integral shaft 5 is flipped over, which can ensure positioning accuracy while reducing disassembly and assembly and improving work efficiency. The angular vector error of the holes at both ends of the camshaft machined according to this invention can be less than ±0.08°.

[0033] The parts of this invention not described in detail are prior art; for those skilled in the art, the technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as the combination of these technical features does not contradict each other, it should be considered within the scope of this specification. The scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A tooling for machining the end hole of a high-speed, high-power diesel engine camshaft, comprising two V-shaped positioning blocks; wherein a V-shaped groove is provided in the middle of the top of each V-shaped positioning block; characterized in that: It also includes a transition chuck (1), the body of which is a hexagonal prism shape, with two symmetrical inclined surfaces at the bottom abutting against the two inclined surfaces of the V-groove, and a pair of symmetrical threaded holes on the two inclined surfaces at the top. The threaded holes are connected to the inner circular hole in the middle of the transition chuck (1). The inner circular holes of the two transition chucks (1) are fitted onto the two ends of the camshaft (3), and the locking bolts (2) are threaded into the threaded holes. When the locking bolts (2) are tightened, the camshaft (3) and the transition chuck (1) are fixed together as an integral shaft (5). The upper sides of the V-shaped positioning block are respectively fixedly connected to the hinge column and the threaded column; one end of the pressure plate (4) is hinged to the top of the hinge column, and the other end is provided with a sleeve hole for fitting onto the threaded column. The top of the threaded column is threaded with a nut, so that when the nut is tightened, the lower end of the pressure plate (4) presses against the top plane of the transition chuck (1).

2. The tooling for machining the end hole of the camshaft of a high-speed, high-power diesel engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a worktable (7), on which the two V-shaped positioning blocks are fixed.

3. The tooling for machining the camshaft end hole of a high-speed, high-power diesel engine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The V-shaped positioning block is provided with a connecting hole for detachable installation onto the workbench (7) by bolts.

4. The tooling for machining the end hole of the camshaft of a high-speed, high-power diesel engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The included angle between the two inclined surfaces of the V-groove is 90°.

5. The tooling for machining the end hole of the camshaft of a high-speed, high-power diesel engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nut is a wing nut.

6. A method for machining the end hole of a camshaft in a high-speed, high-power diesel engine, characterized in that, The high-speed, high-power diesel engine camshaft end hole machining fixture as described in any one of claims 1-5 includes the following steps: S1: Fit the transition chucks (1) onto both ends of the camshaft (3), and then tighten the locking bolts (2) to form an integral shaft (5), so that the top and bottom planes of the two transition chucks (1) are parallel to the horizontal plane; S2: Place the integral shaft (5) flat on the V-groove of a pair of V-shaped positioning blocks, so that the two symmetrical inclined surfaces of the lower part of the transition chuck (1) abut against the two inclined surfaces of the V-groove at the upper end of the V-shaped positioning block, and keep the top and bottom planes of the transition chuck (1) horizontal. S3: Cover the pressure plate (4), tighten the nut to clamp and fix the integral shaft (5), and then start the horizontal machining center to process the pin hole at one end of the camshaft (3) until the pin hole is processed; S4: Loosen the nut, flip open the pressure plate (4), lift the integral shaft (5) and rotate it 180°, then repeat steps S2-S3 to complete the pin hole processing at the other end of the camshaft (3); S5: Loosen the nut, flip open the pressure plate (4), remove the integral shaft (5), then loosen the locking bolt (2), remove the transition chuck (1), and obtain the camshaft (3) after processing.

Images