Pneumatic conveying system, parameter optimization method and control method

Abstract

The invention relates to a pneumatic conveying system, a parameter optimization method and a control method.The system comprises a main pipeline, a first gas source, a second gas source and a material source, the spiral flow guide component is coaxially arranged in the main pipeline, the outer contour of the spiral flow guide component is in conformal fit with the curved surface of the inner wall of the main pipeline, and the spiral flow guide component is further communicated with a second air source; the material source is used for conveying materials into the main pipeline; the first air source is used for inputting first airflow in the axial direction of the main pipeline. The second air source is used for inputting second air flow into the main pipeline along the spiral flow guide component; and under the interaction of the first airflow and the second airflow, an axial pressure gradient field is formed in the main pipeline, so that the materials are gathered at the axis of the main pipeline and conveyed to the second end of the main pipeline. The problem that in the prior art, friction and collision between materials and the pipe wall are violent during conveying, and consequently the particle material breakage rate is high can be solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of pneumatic conveying, in particular to a pneumatic conveying system, a parameter optimization method and a control method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Pneumatic conveying is a technology for conveying powder and particle materials in a pipeline by using air flow, which is widely used in pharmaceutical, tobacco, chemical and food industries. The core performance index of this technology is to maintain the physical integrity of the conveyed materials to the maximum extent while ensuring the conveying efficiency and energy consumption economy, that is, to reduce the breakage and abrasion of the materials.

[0003] The existing pneumatic conveying system generally adopts a front-rear double-fan blowing and suction structure, and a relatively high air speed is usually set at the inlet of the conveying pipeline to realize the start and long-distance conveying of the materials. However, it lacks a flow field design for gradual acceleration of particles, and the internal structure of the conveying pipeline is simple, the pipe wall is not provided with effective buffer protection, and there is also a lack of active guidance and optimization of the internal flow field. The above system structure causes the particle materials to obtain an excessive initial speed when entering the pipeline, and frequent and violent collisions and friction with the pipe wall occur during the conveying process, resulting in a high breakage rate of the materials and low conveying efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, there is currently no effective solution to the problem of how to reduce the friction and collision of materials with the pipe wall during transmission to reduce the breakage rate of particle materials. SUMMARY

[0005] In the embodiments of the present application, a pneumatic conveying system, a parameter optimization method and a control method are provided to solve the problem of high breakage rate of particle materials caused by violent friction and collision of materials with the pipe wall during transmission in the related art.

[0006] In a first aspect, a pneumatic conveying system is provided in the embodiments of the present application, comprising:

[0007] a main pipeline, a first end of which is in communication with a first gas source and a material source respectively;

[0008] a spiral flow guide member coaxially arranged inside the main pipeline, the outer contour of which is conformally fitted with the inner wall surface of the main pipeline, and the spiral flow guide member is in communication with a second gas source;

[0009] the material source is configured to convey materials into the main pipeline;

[0010] the first gas source is configured to input a first gas flow along the axial direction of the main pipeline;

[0011] The second gas source is used to input a second gas flow into the main pipeline along the helical flow guide member; under the interaction of the first gas flow and the second gas flow, an axial pressure gradient field is formed in the main pipeline to gather the material at the axis of the main pipeline and deliver the material to the second end of the main pipeline.

[0012] In some embodiments, an adjusting device is further included.

[0013] The helical flow guide member has a plurality of connection points.

[0014] The adjusting device is fixedly communicated with the plurality of connection points, and is used to adjust the helical pitch of the helical flow guide member between the corresponding adjacent connection points by pulling at least one connection point to move axially along the main pipeline.

[0015] In further embodiments, the adjusting device includes a gas delivery pipe and a plurality of electronic valves.

[0016] The gas inlet end of the gas delivery pipe is communicated with the second gas source and is fixedly embedded in the outer wall of the main pipeline, and the pipe wall of the gas delivery pipe is provided with a plurality of branch openings in the axial direction.

[0017] The plurality of electronic valves are sleeved outside the gas delivery pipe.

[0018] Each electronic valve is fixedly communicated with each connection point on the helical flow guide member through a hose.

[0019] In further embodiments, the plurality of electronic valves are slidably sleeved outside the gas delivery pipe, and are used to select the branch opening communicated with the electronic valve by sliding outside the gas delivery pipe.

[0020] The electronic valve is also used to pull the corresponding connection point to move axially along the main pipeline by the hose to adjust the helical pitch of the helical flow guide member between the adjacent connection points.

[0021] In some embodiments, the helical flow guide member is further provided with louvers and a micro motor.

[0022] The helical flow guide member is a flexible helical flow guide groove, and the wall surface is provided with gas outlets.

[0023] The micro motor is used to drive the louvers to adjust the orientation of the gas outlets.

[0024] In some embodiments, a magnetic attraction device is further included.

[0025] The magnetic attraction device is arranged between the spiral flow guide member and the inner wall of the main pipeline, and is used for attracting and fixing the spiral flow guide member to the inner wall curved surface of the main pipeline in a negative tolerance fitting mode.

[0026] In a second aspect, a method for optimizing parameters of a pneumatic conveying system is provided in the embodiments of the present application. The method comprises the pneumatic conveying system according to any one of the first aspect, and the method comprises:

[0027] calculating a pressure distribution at an axis of the main pipeline;

[0028] adjusting conveying parameters of the pneumatic conveying system based on the pressure distribution to determine optimal conveying parameters;

[0029] The conveying parameters include a first gas flow rate of the first gas source and a second gas flow rate after the spiral flow guide member guides the flow.

[0030] In some embodiments, the calculating a pressure distribution at an axis of the main pipeline comprises:

[0031] calculating a first pressure of each connection point based on a plurality of connection points arranged on the spiral flow guide member;

[0032] dividing a flow guide groove segment between two adjacent connection points into a plurality of micro segments;

[0033] presetting a distance of advancing along an axial direction of the main pipeline when a helical line of the spiral flow guide member rotates one round as a single helical pitch;

[0034] calculating a second pressure formed by a single micro segment at the axis of the main pipeline based on the first pressure, and integrating the second pressure based on a corresponding helical pitch of the single micro segment to obtain an average pressure of the corresponding helical pitch at the axis of the main pipeline;

[0035] obtaining the pressure distribution at the axis of the main pipeline based on the average pressure of each segment of the helical pitch.

[0036] In further embodiments, the calculating process of the second gas flow rate comprises:

[0037] calculating the second gas flow rate by substituting an output gas pressure of a second gas source, structural parameters of the spiral flow guide member, and equivalent flow areas of a plurality of gas outlets arranged on the spiral flow guide member into a preset fluid mechanics model;

[0038] The structural parameters include a helical pitch and directions of gas flows emitted by the plurality of gas outlets.

[0039] The equivalent flow area and the airflow direction of the gas outlets are adjusted by the louvers and the micro motor arranged on the spiral flow guide member.

[0040] In a third aspect, a pneumatic conveying system control method is provided in the embodiments of the present application, which is used for controlling the pneumatic conveying system in any of the first aspect, and the method comprises:

[0041] The first airflow and the material flow in the axial direction into the main pipeline;

[0042] The second airflow is introduced into the spiral flow guide member;

[0043] Based on the interaction between the first airflow and the second airflow, the axial pressure gradient field is formed in the main pipeline to suspend and convey the material.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present application have the following beneficial effects:

[0045] Firstly, unlike the prior art, the embodiments of the present application can reduce the collision frequency and impact strength of the material and the pipe wall, and reduce the breakage rate of the particulate material, by coaxially arranging the spiral flow guide member in the main pipeline and introducing the second airflow to interact with the axial first airflow to form a spiral distributed airflow field, and by generating a low pressure area in the pipe axis area to make the material gather in the middle of the pipeline and be conveyed in a suspended state.

[0046] Secondly, unlike the prior art, the embodiments of the present application can avoid the problem of particle collision and breakage caused by the high initial velocity in the traditional system, by inputting the adjustable second airflow along the spiral flow guide member to make the particles obtain a tangential velocity component and gradually accelerate during the conveying process.

[0047] The details of one or more embodiments of the present application are presented in the following drawings and description to make other features, objects and advantages of the present application more clear and easy to understand. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0048] The drawings described herein are used to provide further understanding of the present application, and form a part of the present application. The schematic embodiments of the present application and the description thereof are used to explain the present application, and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0049] Figure 1 is an assembly drawing of the pneumatic conveying system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a perspective view of the assembly drawing shown in FIG. 1;

[0051] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the axial pressure gradient field inside the main pipe provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the helical pitch variation of the helical flow guide member provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the micro motor and the louvers provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] Figure 6 is a sectional view of the system structure of the micro motor and the louvers provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Figure 7 is a flow chart of the parameter optimization method of the pneumatic conveying system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a single micro segment of the system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] Figure 9 is a flow chart of the control method of the pneumatic conveying system provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0058] In the figure: 110, main pipe; 111, magnetic attraction device; 120, helical flow guide member; 121, louvers; 122, micro motor; 130, first air source; 140, second air source; 141, air conveying pipe; 142, electronic valve; 143, hose. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] In order to more clearly understand the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application, the present application is described and explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0060] Unless otherwise defined, technical terms and scientific terms used in the present application shall have the same meaning as those commonly understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application belongs. The terms "one", "a", "an", "the", "these", and similar terms in the present application do not mean "only one" or "exactly one", but can mean "one or more". The terms "include", "contain", "have", and any variation thereof in the present application are intended to cover inclusive not exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product or device containing a series of steps or modules (units) is not limited to the listed steps or modules (units), but can include steps or modules (units) not listed, or can include other steps or modules (units) inherent to the process, method, product or device. The terms "connect", "connected", "couple" and similar terms in the present application do not mean physical or mechanical connection, but can include electrical connection, whether direct or indirect. The term "multiple" in the present application means two or more. The term "and" describes the association between the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, "A and B" can mean that A exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. Generally, the character " / " means that the objects associated before and after are in an "or" relationship. The terms "first", "second", "third" and the like in the present application are only used to distinguish similar objects, and do not represent a specific order.

[0061] A pneumatic conveying system is provided in the present embodiment, Figure 1 is an assembly view of the pneumatic conveying system of the present embodiment, Figure 2 is Figure 1 is a perspective view of the assembly view shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 The system comprises a main pipe 110 and a spiral flow guide member 120. The first end of the main pipe 110 is in communication with the material source of the first gas source 130, respectively. The spiral flow guide member 120 is coaxially arranged inside the main pipe 110, and the outer contour of the spiral flow guide member 120 is conformally fitted with the inner wall surface of the main pipe 110. The spiral flow guide member 120 is also in communication with the second gas source 140.

[0062] The material source mentioned refers to a device for carrying particulate material, and the material refers to solid particulate material that needs to be conveyed by pipeline with airflow as the carrier. For example, in the food industry, it can be granulated sugar, in the chemical industry, it can be plastic particles, and in the energy industry, it can be coal powder. The spiral flow guide member mentioned refers to a component with a spiral spatial structure, which functions to guide the flow direction of fluid; it can be a hollow spiral pipe, or a solid structure with spiral grooves, and its core feature is to convert the input fluid into a rotating or spiral advancing flow mode.

[0063] In addition, the first gas source and the second gas source refer to devices or systems capable of generating and supplying gas flow. The first gas source is mainly responsible for providing the main power for material conveying, while the second gas source is specifically used to generate the regulated gas flow for forming a specific gas flow field. In actual application scenarios, the two groups of gas sources can adopt the same or two groups of independently controlled air blowers or compressed gas sources.

[0064] Figure 3 For a schematic diagram of the axial pressure gradient field inside the main pipeline, please refer to Figure 3 During system operation, the first gas source 130 inputs the first gas flow along the axial direction of the main pipeline 110, and the second gas source 140 inputs the second gas flow into the main pipeline 110 along the spiral flow guide member 120. Under the interaction of the first gas flow and the second gas flow, an axial pressure gradient field is formed inside the main pipeline.

[0065] It should be understood that the material can be input by the material source before or after the axial pressure gradient field is formed, and at the same time or after that, the material source delivers the material into the main pipeline. Thus, the material is gathered at the axis of the main pipeline and delivered to the second end of the main pipeline. In actual application scenarios, the advantage of inputting the material before the axial pressure gradient field is formed is that the material can enter the relatively stable gas flow protection field at the initial stage of conveying, thereby avoiding the initial collision of the material due to the turbulent gas flow or sudden change of speed at the inlet section of the pipeline, which is suitable for brittle materials that are sensitive to collision. The advantage of inputting the material after the axial pressure gradient field is formed is that it can ensure that the gas flow field reaches a completely stable state, forming a gas flow field with uniform strength and stable direction inside the main pipeline. At this time, the material is fed, which can achieve the most precise flow field control and more ideal conveying effect.

[0066] In this embodiment, it specifically refers to the gradual decrease of gas pressure from the inner wall of the main pipeline to the axis direction, thereby forming a force field that pushes the material towards the center of the pipeline. Similar to the invisible and low-resistance gas flow field formed at the axis of the main pipeline.

[0067] Unlike the existing pneumatic conveying system which is prone to cause particles to collide with the pipe wall directly, the embodiment of the application forms a spiral distributed airflow field by coaxially arranging a spiral flow guide member in the main pipeline and introducing a second airflow to interact with the axial first airflow, thereby generating a low pressure area in the pipeline axis area, causing the material to gather in the middle of the pipeline and be transported to the second end of the main pipeline. This design significantly reduces the collision frequency and impact strength of the material and the pipe wall, thereby reducing the breakage rate of the particulate material. Meanwhile, unlike the existing system which sets a too high wind speed at the pipeline inlet, causing the initial speed of the particles to be too high, the embodiment of the application inputs an adjustable second airflow along the spiral flow guide member, so that the particles obtain a tangential velocity component and gradually accelerate during the conveying process, thereby avoiding the problem of violent collision and breakage of the particles caused by the too high initial speed in the traditional system.

[0068] Based on the above technical features and the corresponding technical effects, the embodiment can solve the problem of violent friction and collision between the material and the pipe wall during transmission in the related art, thereby causing a high breakage rate of the particulate material.

[0069] In some embodiments, the material source is communicated with the first end of the main pipeline through a feeding port, and the feeding port is located in the effective action range of the axial pressure gradient field. This causes the material to be immediately involved in the spiral airflow field which has been stably formed as soon as it enters the main pipeline, rather than accelerating in the purely axial airflow. The particles of the material move in a spiral trajectory under the joint action of the horizontal thrust and the vortex low pressure area. This process gradually increases the axial velocity of the particles, thereby realizing a flexible and incremental acceleration mode and fundamentally avoiding the problem of violent collision and breakage caused by the too high inlet wind speed and the too fast initial acceleration of the particles in the traditional system.

[0070] In some embodiments, the first air source is specifically a blower communicated with the inlet of the main pipeline, which is used to provide a strong axial first airflow as the main power for material conveying; and the second air source is specifically a conveying blower communicated with the gas conveying pipe, which is used to provide a stable and adjustable second airflow as the regulating power for forming the pressure gradient field. The two sets of air source systems are independent of each other, so that the main conveying power and the flow field regulating function are decoupled, and the operator can independently adjust the axial conveying speed and the stability of the material suspension, thereby realizing the most fine parameter matching for different conveying tasks.

[0071] In some embodiments, the system further comprises an adjusting device, which is an actuator capable of changing the shape of the spiral flow guide member through mechanical transmission. On this basis, the spiral flow guide member has a plurality of connection points, and the adjusting device is fixedly communicated with the plurality of connection points, for adjusting the spiral pitch of the spiral flow guide member between the corresponding adjacent connection points by pulling at least one connection point to move along the axis of the main pipeline.

[0072] The connection points mentioned here refer to the structural interfaces set at specific positions on the spiral flow guide member for communication and force transmission with the external adjustment device mechanism. These connection points can be in communication with the second gas source through a communication relationship, and can change position based on the adjustment device to adjust the local morphology of the spiral flow guide member.

[0073] The helical lead mentioned here refers to the distance advanced along the axial direction of the spiral flow guide member when it rotates one turn, which determines the tightness of the spiral structure. For example, the pitch of a spring is a kind of lead, and the smaller the pitch, the more dense the number of spring coils. In this system, adjusting the helical lead is equivalent to adjusting the degree of rotation of the gas flow. The longer the helical lead, the more gentle the rotation of the gas flow, and the shorter the helical lead, the more urgent the rotation of the gas flow. Correspondingly, the spiral flow guide member here should be made of flexible or other materials that can deform, so that the helical lead can be adjusted.

[0074] In this embodiment, the helical lead of the local or whole is changed by axially pulling the connection points, and the operator can adjust the rotation strength and distribution of the spiral field formed by the second gas flow in real time according to the characteristics of the current conveying material, such as density, particle size, and brittleness. For example, for materials with large mass or easy to clump, a smaller lead can be used to generate a stronger rotating gas flow, thereby providing a larger centripetal force to ensure that the material is gathered near the axis; while for very light or fragile materials, a larger lead can be used to form a more gentle spiral field, achieving suspension while avoiding excessive turbulence to cause impact on the material.

[0075] In further embodiments, the adjustment structure corresponding in the adjustment device can be in close communication with the connection points provided on each segment of the spiral flow guide member through a flexible hose.

[0076] In some other embodiments, the connection points can be selected as magnetic connectors with quick connectors. One end of the connector is fixedly communicated with the flexible hose mentioned above, and the other end is attracted to a pre-set metal connecting seat on the spiral flow guide member by magnetic force. This design can achieve weak connection between the connection points and the groove body while ensuring the air tightness. When the pulling force of the adjustment device on the flow guide groove exceeds the magnetic force threshold during actual adjustment, the connector will temporarily detach from the groove body and re-attach at a new pre-set position, thereby avoiding deformation or damage of the flow guide groove caused by forced dragging, achieving self-protection of the connection points, and improving the durability of the system components.

[0077] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the change of the helical lead of the spiral flow guide member of this embodiment. Please refer to Figure 4 , and further refer to Figures 1 to 3In some further embodiments, the adjusting device comprises a gas supply pipe 141 and a plurality of electronic valves 142. The gas supply pipe 141 is in communication with the second gas source 140 at the gas inlet end, and is fixedly embedded in the outer wall of the main pipeline 110. The pipe wall of the gas supply pipe 141 is provided with a plurality of branch openings along the axial direction, and the plurality of electronic valves 142 are sleeved outside the gas supply pipe 141; each electronic valve 142 is fixedly communicated with each connection point on the spiral flow guide member 120 through a hose. The gas supply pipe 141 is a gas supply trunk fixed on the outer wall of the main pipeline 110, which is responsible for distributing the gas flow from the second gas source 140 to each branch opening. At the same time, since the electronic valves 142 are sleeved outside the gas supply pipe 141, and the branch openings are provided on the wall of the gas supply pipe 141, the electronic valves 142 can transmit the gas flow to the connection points by communicating with the branch openings and entering the main pipeline 110. Therefore, in this embodiment, the electronic valves 142 can be communicated with the branch openings one by one, or the electronic valves 142 can be selectively communicated with a certain branch opening, so as to realize the transmission of the gas flow. In some further embodiments, please further refer to Figure 4 The branch openings and the electronic valves can be irregularly distributed on the gas supply pipe. Since the spiral flow guide member has strong stretchability in the axial direction, the sliding of the electronic valves will directly cause the electronic valves to have uneven lead distribution, thereby forming a flow field with gradient change in the main pipeline, so as to realize a flexible and incremental acceleration process of the material, further optimize the conveying efficiency and protect the material.

[0078] In some preferred embodiments, based on the adjusting device introduced in the foregoing embodiments, the gas inlet end of the gas supply pipe can also access atomizing agents, water vapor or other process gases. This means that the system can not only complete the core material conveying and anti-breaking functions, but also can humidify, coat, react or add spices during the conveying process, greatly expanding the application scenarios of the system.

[0079] Please further refer to Figure 4 In some further embodiments, the plurality of electronic valves 142 are slidably sleeved outside the gas supply pipe 141, and are used to select the branch openings corresponding to the electronic valves 142 by sliding outside the gas supply pipe 141; the electronic valves 142 are also used to drive the corresponding connection points to move along the axial direction of the main pipeline 110 through the hose, so as to adjust the spiral lead of the spiral flow guide member 120 between adjacent connection points.

[0080] In some further embodiments, the electronic valves are slidably sleeved outside the gas supply pipe, and can freely slide along the axial direction of the gas supply pipe through a sliding rail device controlled by human or automatically. This enables a single electronic valve to selectively communicate with different branch openings.

[0081] In some further embodiments, a dynamic sealing mechanism is arranged between the electronic valve and the gas conveying pipe. Specifically, a hose is arranged at the connection between the electronic valve and the gas conveying pipe to undertake the function of leak sealing. The hose is made of pressure-resistant and flexible material, such as a soft leather tube, one end of which is fixedly connected with the electronic valve, and the other end of which is fixedly connected with a branch opening on the gas conveying pipe to form a flexible connection section. When the electronic valve slides on the gas conveying pipe, the hose section bends and stretches to ensure the sealing of the gas path during the movement of the valve body, thereby ensuring the stable supply of the controlled gas flow.

[0082] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the system structure containing a micro motor and louvers, Figure 6 is a sectional view of the system structure containing a micro motor and louvers, please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 In some embodiments, the helical flow guide member 120 is further provided with louvers 121 and a micro motor 122. Correspondingly, the helical flow guide member 120 is a flexible helical flow guide groove, and the wall surface thereof is provided with gas outlets 123. The micro motor 122 is used to drive the louvers 121 to adjust the orientation of the gas outlets 123, thereby realizing the controllable direction of the second gas flow in the input main pipe 110. The gas outlets 123 mentioned herein refer to the openings provided on the wall surface of the flexible helical flow guide groove, which are used to control the direction and intensity of the gas flow into the main pipe. The shape, size and distribution of the gas outlets directly affect the aerodynamic characteristics of the jet flow. Meanwhile, in combination with the foregoing embodiments, for the realizable single group structure, the electronic valve 142 is sleeved on the gas conveying pipe 141, and is in communication with the connection point on the flexible helical flow guide groove through a hose 143. The connection point is provided with louvers 121 and a micro motor 122.

[0083] By adjusting the orientation of the louvers 121, the second gas flow jetted from the gas outlets not only has a tangential velocity component, but also has an axial velocity component pointing to the second end of the main pipe 110. This makes the second gas flow not only participate in the construction of the axial pressure gradient field, but also assist in pushing the material forward. Based on the distributed acceleration effect formed by the above structure, the material does not need to be accelerated to a very high speed at the inlet, thereby effectively avoiding the problem of particle collision and breakage caused by the excessively high initial speed at the inlet of the traditional fan.

[0084] In this embodiment, the angle of the louvers 121 is accurately adjusted by the micro motor 122, thereby changing the orientation of the gas outlets 123 and further changing the direction angle and pitch angle of the second gas flow when jetted. While controlling the intensity of the spiral gas flow, the rotation direction and impact range of the second gas flow are actively controlled, thereby realizing the fine adjustment of the position and intensity of the low-pressure area in the main pipe 110, and making the material gathering effect more stable and accurate.

[0085] In further embodiments, the wall of the flexible helical flow guide channel is provided with a plurality of air outlets, and the rotation angle of the louvers is driven by a micro motor to adjust the orientation and area of each air outlet, thereby adjusting the speed of the second air flow emitted from different positions of the flexible helical flow guide channel to form an air flow field at the axis of the main pipeline.

[0086] In further embodiments, the helical flow guide member can also be formed by a plurality of planar or micro-arc plates hingedly connected end to end to form an approximate helical surface.

[0087] In further embodiments, the shape of the air outlet can be circular, slit-shaped, or matrix-type multi-hole-shaped to achieve the effects of beam penetration, fan-shaped sweeping, or uniform dispersion, respectively. The circular air outlet can produce concentrated beam jets with strong penetration, which is suitable for working conditions where the clogged area needs to be dredged. The slit-shaped air outlet, including straight or arc-shaped slits, can form a fan-shaped air curtain with a wide coverage, which is suitable for scenarios where a wide and continuous air flow wall needs to be constructed to stably lift materials. The matrix-type multi-hole-shaped air outlet is composed of a group of micro holes, which can make the air flow uniformly disperse at a very low speed, forming a very soft and uniform air flow that maximizes the avoidance of direct impact of the air flow on fragile materials, which is suitable for conveying fragile or ultra-light materials.

[0088] For further reference, Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments, a magnetic attraction device 111 is provided between the helical flow guide member 120 and the inner wall of the main pipeline 110, which is used to attract and fix the helical flow guide member 120 to the inner wall surface of the main pipeline 110 in a negative tolerance fit. The magnetic attraction device here refers to a device that uses magnetic force to achieve attraction and fixation, which can be an array of permanent magnets or controllable electromagnets. For example, a magnetic clamp similar to that used to fix workpieces on an automated assembly line, or a magnetic safety device used for high-altitude operations in the construction field.

[0089] The negative tolerance fit means that the outer contour size of the helical flow guide member is slightly larger than the corresponding theoretical size of the inner wall of the main pipeline in the natural state. Under the strong attraction of the magnetic attraction device, the flexible material of the flow guide member will produce a slight elastic deformation, thereby achieving a close fit with the curved surface of the pipe wall and eliminating assembly gaps.

[0090] The terms "module", "unit", "sub-unit", etc. used above can be a combination of software and hardware that can achieve a predetermined function. The devices described in the above embodiments are preferably implemented in hardware, but software or a combination of software and hardware can also be implemented and conceived.

[0091] It should be noted that the above various modules can be functional modules or program modules, which can be implemented by software or hardware. For the modules implemented by hardware, the above various modules can be located in the same processor; or the above various modules can also be located in different processors in any combination.

[0092] In the embodiment, a method for optimizing parameters of a pneumatic conveying system is provided, Figure 7 is a flow chart of the method for optimizing parameters of the pneumatic conveying system in the embodiment, as shown in the figure, the flow includes the following steps: Figure 7

[0093] In step S710, the pressure distribution at the axis of the main pipeline is calculated.

[0094] This step is the core of the parameter optimization method, and the purpose is to know in advance the pneumatic environment of the region at the axis of the main pipeline under certain system parameters through theoretical calculation or simulation. Specifically, based on the structural parameters of the spiral flow guide member in the above device embodiments, such as the spiral lead, the orientation of the gas outlet, and the gas flow parameters, the pressure distribution on the axis can be accurately predicted by solving the fluid dynamics equation or querying the pre-established numerical database.

[0095] In step S720, the conveying parameters of the pneumatic conveying system are adjusted based on the pressure distribution to determine the optimal conveying parameters.

[0096] This step can compare the pressure distribution calculated in step S710 with the ideal target distribution, such as ensuring the existence of a stable low-pressure area at the axis, smooth pressure gradient, etc., and generate control instructions according to the comparison results. By driving the actuators in the above embodiments through the control system, such as adjusting the output of the second gas source, controlling the opening and position of the electronic valve, instructing the micro motor to adjust the angle of the louvers, etc., the conveying parameters of the system are dynamically adjusted, and steps S710 and S720 are iteratively executed until a set of conveying parameters that make the pressure distribution closest to the target state is found, i.e. the optimal conveying parameters under the current working condition are determined.

[0097] The conveying parameters include the first gas flow rate of the first gas source and the second gas flow rate after the spiral flow guide member. Among them, the first gas flow rate mainly dominates the axial conveying speed of the material, and the second gas flow rate mainly dominates the strength and form of the suspended material spiral flow field. The coordinated optimization of these two key parameters is the fundamental to realize efficient and low-loss conveying.

[0098] ​Through the above steps, the method further solves the technical problem of how to dynamically and accurately adapt to the conveying process requirements of different materials and realize optimal configuration of system conveying efficiency and energy consumption on the basis of solving the problem of severe friction and collision of materials with the pipe wall during transmission in the related art, which causes high particle material breakage rate.

[0099] In some embodiments thereof, a pressure distribution at an axis of the main pipe is calculated, including:

[0100] In step S711, a first pressure of each connection point is calculated based on a plurality of connection points formed on the spiral flow guide member.

[0101] In this step, the first pressure refers to the gas pressure at each connection point of the spiral flow guide member after the gas is supplied by the second gas source, and can also refer to the gas pressure at the electronic valve based on the foregoing system embodiments. When calculating this value, factors such as the resistance along the gas conveying pipeline, the local resistance of the electronic valve, and the distance difference of each connection point from the gas source need to be considered.

[0102] In step S712, the flow guide groove segment between two adjacent connection points is divided into a plurality of micro segments.

[0103] In this step, the structure of the spiral flow guide member is specifically split, and the continuous spiral member is discretized into a plurality of micro segments, which facilitates subsequent numerical analysis methods. Figure 8 is a single micro segment diagram of the embodiment based on the foregoing system embodiments. Please refer to Figure 8 , based on the connection relationship of the gas conveying pipeline 141, the electronic valve 142 and the spiral flow guide member 120 in the foregoing related embodiments, it can be known that in the figure represents a single micro segment.

[0104] In step S713, the distance of the spiral line of the spiral flow guide member along the axial direction of the main pipe is a single spiral pitch when the spiral line rotates one turn.

[0105] In this step, the single spiral pitch defines the physical length of each calculation unit in the axial direction. Through this discretization processing, the continuous and three-dimensional spiral gas flow field is divided into a series of unit problems that can be independently analyzed and calculated, greatly reducing the complexity of modeling and calculation.

[0106] In step S714, a second pressure formed by the single micro segment at the axis of the main pipe is calculated based on the first pressure; and the average pressure of the corresponding spiral pitch at the axis of the main pipe is obtained by integrating the second pressure based on the corresponding spiral pitch of the single micro segment.

[0107] In this step, calculating the second pressure involves calculating the pressure contributed by the jet at the outlet on a single micro-segment, after overcoming the interference of the main airflow within the main duct. This involves an interaction model between the jet and the crossflow, requiring comprehensive consideration of various factors such as the geometry of the micro-segment, the orientation of the outlet, and the velocity of the main airflow. When integrating the second pressure, since a single helical lead may contain multiple micro-segments, the purpose of integration is to accumulate and average the local influence of all micro-segments on the axial pressure within a lead, thereby obtaining the average pressure of that helical structure on the entire axial pressure.

[0108] Step S715: Based on the average pressure corresponding to each segment of the spiral lead, obtain the pressure distribution at the axis of the main pipeline.

[0109] In this step, the average pressure corresponding to each segment of the spiral lead in the main pipeline is arranged and combined according to its axial position to obtain a complete air pressure change curve along the pipeline axis, that is, the pressure distribution at the axis.

[0110] This embodiment replaces the traditional trial-and-error method with rigorous physical modeling and mathematical calculations, enabling precise prediction of the flow field state under different parameter combinations before on-machine experiments. The input parameters of the computational model in this embodiment directly correspond to the adjustable components of the system. Therefore, when the actuator adjusts the system state, the model can immediately recalculate the new pressure distribution, thus forming a closed-loop optimization system of prediction-control-verification to ensure that the system always operates under optimal parameters, achieving the goal of efficient and low-breakage conveying.

[0111] In some preferred embodiments, the first pressure is specifically calculated using the following formula:

[0112] ;

[0113] ;

[0114] In the formula, For the first The first pressure at each connection point; This is the output air pressure of the second air source, i.e., the air inlet pressure of the air delivery pipe; From the air intake to the first The friction coefficient of the gas pipeline at each connection point; from the inlet to the first... The length of the gas pipeline at each connection point; This refers to the diameter of the gas pipeline; The density of the gas; The average flow velocity within the gas pipeline; For the first The local resistance coefficient of an electronic valve; To pass the first The average flow rate of the electronic valve. represents the length of the gas delivery pipe from the gas inlet to the first connection point, wherein, represents the opening of the electronic valve, represents the closing of the electronic valve. This calculation model comprehensively considers the pressure loss along the gas delivery pipe and the local pressure loss at the electronic valve, and provides accurate and physically-based input parameters for the subsequent flow field calculation, laying the foundation for the accuracy of the entire optimization algorithm.

[0115] In further embodiments, the second pressure intensity formed by the single micro-section at the main pipe axis is calculated by the following formula:

[0116] ;

[0117] ;

[0118] wherein, is the pressure intensity at the wall of the main pipe; is an empirical coefficient related to the characteristics of the flow field; is the resistance coefficient along the main pipe from the inlet to the micro-section; is the length of the guide groove corresponding to the single-section spiral lead of the micro-section; is the diameter of the main pipe; is the average flow rate of the first gas flow in the main pipe; is the included angle between the vanes on the micro-section and the wall of the main pipe; is the second gas flow rate emitted from the gas outlet of the micro-section, and the meanings of other parameters in the above formula are the same as those mentioned above.

[0119] In addition, the following relationship must be satisfied:

[0120] ;

[0121] wherein, is the cross-sectional area of the electronic valve, is the flow rate of the gas flow through the electronic valve, is the radius of the main pipe, is the width of the gas outlet of the spiral guide member, and the meanings of other parameters in the above formula are the same as those mentioned above.

[0122] The present embodiment simplifies the complex interaction between the jet flow and the cross flow into a calculable engineering model by quantifying the pressure contribution of the jet flow of the single micro-section to the core flow field of the main pipe, which facilitates the subsequent calculation of the local to global flow field.

[0123] In further embodiments, the average pressure at the central axis of the main pipe in a helical pitch section can be obtained by integration of the micro-section. That is, the average pressure at the central axis of the helical pitch section is obtained by integration as follows: The average pressure at the central axis of the main pipe caused by the helical pitch section :

[0124] ;

[0125] wherein, denotes the gas density, denotes the on-way resistance coefficient of the main pipe from the inlet to the micro-section, denotes the average flow rate of the first gas flow rate in the main pipe, denotes the length of the gas pipe from the inlet to the main pipe, denotes the length of the gas pipe from the inlet to the main pipe, denotes the second gas flow rate emitted from the outlet of the micro-section, denotes the angle between the louvers and the wall surface of the main pipe, denotes the diameter of the main pipe, denotes the length of the corresponding flow guide groove of the single micro-section, and the meanings of other parameters in the above formula are the same as those mentioned above. In further embodiments, the optimal parameters suitable for the particle delivery are determined, including the output pressure and flow rate of the second gas source, the opening and closing state of the electronic valve, the pitch distribution of the helical flow guide member, and the orientation of the louvers, and the relationship between these parameters needs to satisfy that the force balance point of the material particles in the vertical direction is located at the central axis of the main pipe. Therefore, the resultant force in the vertical direction should be 0, including the pressure gradient force, the drag force, and the gravity. After reasonable simplification, assuming that the pressure in the main pipe is linearly distributed along the radial direction, the pressure gradient force in the vertical direction of the material particles is calculated as follows:

[0126] wherein, denotes the volume of the single material particle, denotes the pressure at the wall surface of the main pipe, denotes the micro-element length in the axial direction of the main pipe,

[0127] denotes the pressure variation in the axial direction of the main pipe, and the meanings of other parameters in the above formula are the same as those mentioned above. In combination with the Bernoulli equation, the drag force in the vertical direction of the material particles satisfies:

[0128]

[0129] ​​​​​​

[0130] ;

[0131] The drag coefficient of a single particle. This represents the projected area of ​​the material particles in the flow direction. The airflow velocity of material particles affected by airflow For the directional component, please refer to the previously mentioned parameters for the meaning of other parameters in the above formula. The effective suspension of material particles in the middle of the main pipeline should conform to the following relationship:

[0132] ;

[0133] In the formula, The mass of a single material particle. For the acceleration due to gravity, please refer to the previously mentioned parameters for the meaning of other parameters in the above formula.

[0134] In some further preferred embodiments, when solving the above formula in actual engineering, since the transport of a large number of material particles falls within the scope of statistical description, The average of the most favorable (maximum projected area) and the least favorable (minimum projected area) cases can be taken. The following formula can be used to determine it:

[0135] ;

[0136] ;

[0137] in, express The corresponding equivalent circle diameter. Control factor. The mass flow rate, depending on the different input materials, can be determined experimentally, and its relationship with material mass flow rate and... The coefficient table. This represents the dynamic viscosity of the gas. For the meanings of other parameters in the above formula, please refer to the previously mentioned parameters. In practical engineering applications, this can be quickly obtained from a general drag coefficient table. This allows for the determination of design parameters such as the output air pressure and flow rate of the second air source, the opening and closing status of the electronic valve, the lead distribution of the spiral guide component, and the orientation of the louvers.

[0138] In some further embodiments, the calculation of the second gas flow rate comprises: based on the output gas pressure of the second gas source, the structural parameters of the spiral flow guide member, and the equivalent flow area corresponding to the plurality of gas outlets of the spiral flow guide member, substituting into a preset fluid mechanics model to obtain the second gas flow rate. The structural parameters include the spiral lead and the gas flow direction of the plurality of gas outlets; the equivalent flow area corresponding to the plurality of gas outlets and the corresponding gas flow direction are adjusted by the louvers arranged on the spiral flow guide member and the micro motor.

[0139] The output gas pressure of the second gas source determines the total driving force of the gas flow. The structural parameters of the spiral flow guide member define the geometric characteristics of the gas flow channel, wherein the spiral lead mainly affects the rotational path length and resistance of the gas flow, and the gas flow direction of the gas outlet directly affects the energy loss and momentum distribution of the gas flow into the main pipeline. The equivalent flow area corresponding to the gas outlet is a dynamic parameter, which refers to the total effective flow area converted by all gas outlets after considering the louver opening degree. It is related to the physical size of the gas outlet and the opening angle of the louver.

[0140] The above-mentioned preset fluid mechanics model is a core calculation model, which can be an engineering calculation model constructed based on Bernoulli equation, continuity equation and local resistance loss formula, or a neural network model corrected by experimental data. Its function is to accurately solve the total volume flow through the entire spiral flow guide member, i.e. the second gas flow rate, by comprehensively considering all the input parameters.

[0141] In addition, the angle of the louver is changed by the micro motor, which directly changes the direction of the second gas flow, and also adjusts the equivalent flow area in real time by changing the degree of contraction of the gas flow channel. This enables the two important parameters of gas flow direction and equivalent flow area to be adjusted in real time by control instructions.

[0142] In the present embodiment, a method for controlling pneumatic conveying is also provided. Figure 9 The flow chart of the method for controlling pneumatic conveying of the present embodiment is shown in Figure 9 The flow chart of the method for controlling pneumatic conveying of the present embodiment is shown in

[0143] Step S910, introducing an axial first gas flow and a material into the main pipeline.

[0144] Step S920, introducing a second gas flow into the spiral flow guide member.

[0145] Step S930, based on the interaction between the first gas flow and the second gas flow, forming an axial pressure gradient field in the main pipeline to suspend and convey the material.

[0146] Through the above steps, the problem of high particle material breakage rate caused by the violent friction and collision between the material and the pipe wall during transmission in the related art is solved.

[0147] In the embodiment, a computer device is also provided, including a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and the processor is configured to execute the computer program to perform the steps in any of the above method embodiments.

[0148] Optionally, the computer device can further include a transmission device connected with the processor and an input and output device connected with the processor.

[0149] It should be noted that the specific examples in the embodiment can refer to the examples described in the above embodiments and optional implementation manners, which will not be described herein.

[0150] In addition, in combination with each of the above method embodiments, a storage medium can also be provided in the embodiment to implement. The storage medium stores a computer program; the computer program is executed by the processor to implement any of the above embodiments of the pneumatic conveying system parameter optimization method or the pneumatic conveying system control method.

[0151] It should be noted that the information and data involved in the present application are all authorized information and data or information and data authorized by all parties, which can be used legally.

[0152] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the application, but not to limit it. According to the embodiments provided in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0153] Obviously, the drawings are only some examples or embodiments of the present application, and those of ordinary skill in the art can also apply the present application to other similar situations without creative labor. In addition, it can be understood that although the work done in the development process may be complex and long, some design, manufacture or production changes made by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the technical content disclosed in the present application are only routine technical means and should not be regarded as insufficient disclosure of the present application.

[0154] The term "embodiment" in the present application means that the specific features, structures or characteristics described in combination with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily mean the same embodiment, nor does it mean independence or alternative to each other. Those of ordinary skill in the art can clearly or implicitly understand that the embodiments described in the present application can be combined with other embodiments without conflict.

[0155] The above embodiments only express several implementation ways of the present application, and the description is specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as a limitation to the patent protection scope. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A pneumatic conveying system, characterized in that, include: The main pipeline is connected at its first end to the first gas source and the first material source, respectively. A spiral-shaped flow guide component is coaxially disposed inside the main pipe, and its outer contour conforms to the inner wall curved surface of the main pipe. It is also connected to the second air source. The material source is used to transport materials into the main pipeline; The first gas source is used to input a first gas flow along the axial direction of the main pipeline; The second air source is used to input a second airflow into the main pipe along the spiral guide member; under the interaction of the first airflow and the second airflow, an axial pressure gradient field is formed in the main pipe to gather the material at the axis of the main pipe and transport it to the second end of the main pipe.

2. The pneumatic conveying system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an adjustment device; The spiral-shaped flow guide component has several connection points; The adjusting device is fixedly connected to several of the connection points and is used to adjust the spiral lead of the spiral guide member between corresponding adjacent connection points by pulling at least one connection point to move along the axial direction of the main pipeline.

3. The pneumatic conveying system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The regulating device includes a gas supply pipe and several electronic valves; The inlet end of the gas transmission pipe is connected to the second gas source and is fixedly embedded in the outer wall of the main pipe. The pipe wall of the gas transmission pipe has several branch openings along the axial direction. Several of the aforementioned electronic valves are sleeved outside the gas transmission pipe; Each of the electronic valves is fixedly connected to each of the connection points on the spiral guide member via a hose.

4. The pneumatic conveying system according to claim 3, characterized in that, Several of the aforementioned electronic valves can be slidably sleeved outside the gas supply pipe, and can be used to select the branch port corresponding to the electronic valve by sliding outside the gas supply pipe; The electronic valve is also used to move the corresponding connection point along the axial direction of the main pipeline via a hose, so as to adjust the spiral lead of the spiral guide member between adjacent connection points.

5. The pneumatic conveying system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spiral-shaped flow guide component is also equipped with louvers and a micro motor; The spiral-shaped flow guide component is a flexible spiral-shaped flow guide groove with an air outlet on its wall surface; The micro motor is used to drive the louvers to adjust the orientation of the air outlet.

6. The pneumatic conveying system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a magnetic attraction device; the magnetic attraction device is disposed between the spiral flow guide component and the inner wall of the main pipe, and is used to adsorb and fix the spiral flow guide component to the inner curved surface of the main pipe in a negative deviation engagement manner.

7. A method for optimizing parameters of a pneumatic conveying system, wherein the pneumatic conveying system is described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, include: Calculate the pressure distribution along the axis of the main pipeline; Based on the pressure distribution, adjust the conveying parameters of the pneumatic conveying system to determine the optimal conveying parameters; The delivery parameters include the first gas flow rate of the first gas source and the second gas flow rate after being guided by the spiral guide member.

8. The method for optimizing parameters of a pneumatic conveying system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The calculation of the pressure distribution along the axis of the main pipeline includes: Based on the several connection points opened on the spiral flow guide member, calculate the first pressure at each connection point; The flow channel section between two adjacent connection points is divided into several micro-segments; The distance that the spiral guide member advances along the axial direction of the main pipe when the spiral curve rotates once is defined as the single-segment spiral lead. Based on the first pressure, calculate the second pressure formed by a single micro-segment at the axis of the main pipe; based on the helical lead corresponding to the single micro-segment, integrate the second pressure to obtain the average pressure of the corresponding helical lead at the axis of the main pipe; Based on the average pressure corresponding to each segment of the spiral lead, the pressure distribution at the axis of the main pipeline is obtained.

9. The method for optimizing parameters of a pneumatic conveying system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The calculation process for the second gas flow rate includes: Based on the output gas pressure of the second gas source, the structural parameters of the spiral guide component, and the equivalent flow area corresponding to the several gas outlets opened on the spiral guide component, the second gas velocity is obtained by substituting them into a preset fluid dynamics model. The structural parameters include the spiral lead and the airflow direction ejected from the outlets. By using louvers and micro motors mounted on the spiral guide member, the equivalent flow area and corresponding airflow direction of several of the air outlets can be adjusted.

10. A control method for a pneumatic conveying system, used to control the operation of the pneumatic conveying system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, include: The first airflow and material are introduced into the main pipeline in an axial flow. A second airflow is introduced into the spiral-shaped guide component; Based on the interaction between the first airflow and the second airflow, an axial pressure gradient field is formed in the main pipeline to suspend and transport the material.

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