Method for recovering germanium from optical fiber waste

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for recycling germanium from optical fiber waste, and relates to the technical field of recycling germanium from optical fiber waste. Germanium is recycled from optical fiber waste through cooperation of a supporting leg frame, a separation box, a filtering chamber, a one-way filter pressing part, a scraping and cleaning accessory and a discharging part, the upper end face of the supporting leg frame is fixedly connected with the separation box, the right portion of the separation box is communicated with a Y-shaped input pipe, and the left end face of the separation box is fixedly connected with two guide-out pipes which correspond to and are communicated with the filtering chamber in a front-back symmetry mode. In the germanium recovery process, attached residues on the surface of the filter plate are scraped off through the one-way filter pressing part and pushed into the lower temporary storage area, it is avoided that dense filter cakes are formed, and consequently filtering resistance rises, and the discharging part is combined for discharging residues at regular intervals, so that equipment keeps high-flux operation in a long period, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged. And the filtering chambers are transversely arranged to be of a space structure which is gradually reduced from right to left, so that the volume of each chamber is matched with the residue distribution rule, each filtering plate participates in filtering in a balanced manner, and the separation efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of optical fiber waste recycling germanium, in particular to a method for recycling germanium from optical fiber waste. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the germanium recycling process of optical fiber waste, after the reduction leaching step, the leaching liquid needs to be solid-liquid separated to remove the insoluble residues therein. The commonly used equipment is plate-and-frame filter press, which relies on filter cloth and filter plate to complete the rapid separation of solid and liquid. The basic principle is that the leaching liquid passes through multiple equidistantly arranged filter plates in sequence. In the flow process, the insoluble residues will drift irregularly between adjacent filter plates and gradually adhere to the surface of the filter plate. As the adhesion amount continuously increases, the residues gradually accumulate on the surface of the filter plate to form an "initial filter cake layer". This filter cake layer immediately becomes a more detailed filter medium, so that the subsequent leaching liquid must penetrate this layer of continuously thickening filter cake to flow out. Since the residue particles generated by the leaching of optical fiber waste are extremely fine, the filter cake structure formed by them is dense and has tiny pores. The increase in filter cake thickness will rapidly reduce the liquid passable channel and tend to block it, resulting in a significant decrease in filtration flow rate from the initial rapid flow to a trickle state. Therefore, the separation process can only passively withstand the significant attenuation of filtration speed from fast to slow, directly affecting the solid-liquid separation efficiency.

[0003] In addition, since the filter plates of the traditional plate-and-frame filter press are equidistantly arranged, the filter plates at the liquid inlet end are in contact with the most residues and will be blocked first and form thick filter cake quickly. The filter plates far from the liquid inlet end are still in idle state at this time and cannot fully participate in the separation, resulting in that the solid-liquid separation capacity cannot be effectively exerted. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a method for recycling germanium from optical fiber waste, which solves the technical problem that in the solid-liquid separation process of leaching liquid by using plate-and-frame filter press in the recycling process of germanium, the fine particle residues generated by the leaching of optical fiber waste will drift between filter plates and gradually adhere to form dense filter cake, which will continuously reduce the liquid passable channel and cause the filtration speed to rapidly attenuate. At the same time, due to the equidistant arrangement of filter plates, the filter plates at the liquid inlet end are blocked by a large amount of residues first, while the filter plates at the far end are difficult to fully participate in the filtration, resulting in a decrease in filtration efficiency and the inability to effectively exert the solid-liquid separation capacity.

[0005] The method for recycling germanium from optical fiber waste provided by the present application specifically comprises the following steps: S1, disassembly and sorting: disassembling and sorting the germanium-containing optical fiber waste, and removing non-germanium impurities.

[0006] S2, crushing and grinding: crushing and ball milling the germanium-containing optical fiber waste obtained by disassembly and sorting in step S1 to obtain germanium-containing optical fiber powder.

[0007] S3, cleaning and drying: the germanium-containing optical fiber powder obtained in step S2 is cleaned with dilute acid to remove surface attachments and dust, and then drying is performed.

[0008] S4, reduction leaching: a hydrochloric acid solution of a suitable concentration is prepared as a leaching medium, the germanium-containing optical fiber powder obtained in step S3 is put into a reaction kettle, a leaching medium and a reducing agent are added in the reaction kettle, and after a period of reaction, a leaching solution is obtained.

[0009] S5, solid-liquid separation: the leaching solution obtained in step S4 is passed into a solid-liquid separation device for solid-liquid separation operation to obtain a germanium-containing filtrate, and the insoluble residue is separated out.

[0010] The solid-liquid separation device in the above step S5 is composed of a leg support, a separation tank, a filter chamber, a one-way pressure filter part, a scraping accessory and a discharge part.

[0011] The upper end surface of the leg support is fixedly connected with the separation tank, the inner cavity of the separation tank is divided into two filter cavities by a partition plate, a plurality of filter plates are fixedly installed in the filter cavities, the filter plates further divide the filter cavities to form a plurality of filter chambers, the filter chambers are arranged in sequence along the transverse direction, the transverse width gradually increases from left to right, and the arrangement is gradually increasing, two driving parts are symmetrically installed on the front and back of the separation tank, a plurality of one-way pressure filter parts are arranged on the driving parts, each one-way pressure filter part is located in the corresponding filter chamber, the driving parts are used to drive the one-way pressure filter parts to reciprocate up and down in the filter chamber to extrude and accumulate the separated insoluble residue at the bottom of the filter chamber, each one-way pressure filter part is provided with a scraping accessory for scraping and cleaning the surface of the filter plate, a discharge part is installed at the bottom of the separation tank cavity to regularly discharge the separated insoluble residue in linkage with the one-way pressure filter part, a Y-shaped input pipe is communicated with the right part of the separation tank, and two guide pipes corresponding to the filter cavities and communicated with the filter cavities are fixedly connected with the left end surface of the separation tank.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the driving part includes a mounting box fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the separation tank and a No. 1 electric telescopic rod fixedly connected to the cavity wall of the mounting box, the lower end of the No. 1 electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected with a support plate, and the lower end surface of the support plate is fixedly connected with a plurality of spring telescopic rods corresponding to the positions of the filter chambers and slidingly penetrating through the upper wall plate of the separation tank.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the one-way pressure filter part includes a pressing seat fixedly connected to the lower end of the spring telescopic rod through a fixed frame and two mounting grooves respectively formed on the left and right sides of the pressing seat, a rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the side wall of the mounting groove through a lug, a No. 1 torsional spring is fixedly connected between the rotating shaft and the lug, and a No. 1 pressing plate is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft outside and abuts against the filter plate.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the one-way filter pressing part further comprises a plurality of rectangular through-slots equidistantly formed on the pressing base, two front-and-back symmetrical rotating shafts rotatably connected between the left and right slot walls of the rectangular through-slots, a second torsional spring fixedly connected between the rotating shafts and the rectangular through-slots, a second pressing plate fixedly connected to the outer portion of the rotating shaft, and a limiting strip fixedly connected to the front and rear slot walls of the rectangular through-slots and used for limiting the second pressing plate.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the scraping accessory comprises a door-shaped frame fixedly connected to the upper end face of the pressing base in a left-and-right symmetrical manner, a plurality of scraping plates equidistantly rotatably connected between the front and rear opposite sides of the door-shaped frame and abutting against the surface of the filter plate, a plurality of arc-shaped grooves equidistantly formed on the front and rear opposite sides of the door-shaped frame and corresponding to the scraping plates, and a sliding column fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of each scraping plate and slidingly connected in the arc-shaped groove.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the discharging part comprises a discharging groove, a sliding plate, and a second electric telescopic rod, the lower wall plate of the separation tank and below each filter chamber are provided with the discharging groove, the sliding plate is slidingly connected in each discharging groove, the lower ends of the sliding plates in the same row are fixedly connected to a connecting frame, the second electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the separation tank through a fixed block, and the two ends of the second electric telescopic rod are fixedly connected to the connecting frame.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the upper portion of the supporting leg frame and below the discharging part is fixedly connected to an upper-opened receiving box.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the upper wall plate of the separation tank and below the spring telescopic rod are equidistantly fixedly connected to a plurality of elastic sealing rings slidingly sleeved outside the spring telescopic rod.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the two branches of the Y-shaped input pipe are provided with electromagnetic valves.

[0020] In a possible implementation, the side slot wall of the discharging groove is fixedly connected to an elastic sealing strip in an embedded manner.

[0021] From the above technical solutions, the present application has the following advantages: In the germanium recovery process, this invention, through the use of a scraping attachment in the unidirectional pressure filtration section during solid-liquid separation, keeps the filter plate surface in a continuously and dynamically clean state during separation. This allows insoluble residues to be scraped off immediately at the initial stage of adhesion and pushed into the lower temporary storage area, preventing them from continuously accumulating on the filter plate surface and forming a dense filter cake. This fundamentally eliminates the problems of narrowing liquid channels and drastically increasing filtration resistance caused by the gradual thickening of the filter cake in traditional pressure filtration. Furthermore, the periodic discharge from the discharge section prevents residues from accumulating on the filter plate surface for extended periods, thus avoiding the phenomenon of the filtration flow rate decreasing from rapid flow to a trickling state. This allows the entire solid-liquid separation process to maintain high throughput operation over a longer period, improving solid-liquid separation efficiency and processing capacity.

[0022] In the germanium recovery process, this invention uses a horizontally arranged filter chamber with a gradually decreasing spatial structure from right to left. This design matches the volume of each filter chamber to the actual distribution of insoluble residues during solid-liquid separation. The filter chambers near the inlet can handle the initial large influx of residues, while subsequent filter chambers provide smaller filtration spaces based on the decreasing residue volume. This spatial gradient design, consistent with residue deposition characteristics, ensures full utilization of the capacity of each filter chamber. It avoids the situation in traditional equidistant structures where the inlet filter plate clogs first, while the distant filter plates fail to participate in filtration. This allows all filter plates to participate synchronously, fully, and evenly in solid-liquid separation, significantly improving the load distribution during solid-liquid separation, greatly increasing filter plate utilization, and further enhancing overall separation capacity and throughput. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 The method flowchart provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the solid-liquid separation device provided by the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the separation box structure from a bottom-view perspective provided by the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the separation box provided by the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the drive unit provided by the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 The filter plate mounting structure provided by the present application is shown in the schematic diagram.

[0030] Figure 7 The one-way filter pressing part and the driving part connection structure provided by the present application is shown in the schematic diagram.

[0031] Figure 8 The front view perspective view of the pressing seat provided by the present application is shown in the schematic diagram.

[0032] Figure 9 The side view perspective view of the pressing seat provided by the present application is shown in the schematic diagram.

[0033] The above-mentioned drawings include the following reference signs: 1, leg support; 2, separation tank; 3, filter chamber; 4, one-way filter pressing part; 41, pressing seat; 42, mounting groove; 43, No. 1 pressing plate; 44, rectangular through groove; 45, No. 2 pressing plate; 5, scraping accessory; 51, door-shaped frame; 52, scraper; 53, arc-shaped groove; 54, sliding column; 6, discharge part; 61, discharge groove; 62, sliding plate; 63, No. 2 electric telescopic rod; 7, filter plate; 8, driving part; 81, mounting box; 82, No. 1 electric telescopic rod; 83, spring telescopic rod; 9, Y-shaped input pipe; 10, lead-out pipe; 11, receiving box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings. In the following description, a large number of specific details are set forth in order to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without departing from the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 , the present application provides a technical solution: a method for recovering germanium from optical fiber waste, specifically the steps of the method for recovering germanium from optical fiber waste are as follows: S1, disassembly and sorting: disassembling and sorting the germanium-containing optical fiber waste, and removing non-germanium impurities (such as plastic coating, metal components).

[0036] S2, crushing and grinding: crushing and ball milling the germanium-containing optical fiber waste obtained by disassembly and sorting in step S1 to obtain germanium-containing optical fiber powder.

[0037] S3, cleaning and drying: cleaning the germanium-containing optical fiber powder obtained in step S2 with dilute acid (or deionized water) to remove surface attachments and dust, and then performing a drying operation.

[0038] S4, reducing leaching: prepare a hydrochloric acid solution with a suitable concentration as a leaching medium, put the cleaned and dried germanium-containing optical fiber powder obtained in step S3 into a reaction kettle, add the leaching medium and a reducing agent, which is sodium hypophosphite, into the reaction kettle, and obtain a leaching solution after a period of reaction, wherein the acid concentration, the reducing agent concentration, the temperature, the reaction time and the stirring speed of the reaction kettle are all suitable values.

[0039] S5, solid-liquid separation: pass the leaching solution obtained in step S4 into a solid-liquid separation device to perform a solid-liquid separation operation, and obtain a germanium-containing filtrate, while the insoluble residue is separated out.

[0040] The solid-liquid separation device in the above step S5 is composed of a supporting leg frame 1, a separation box 2, a filter chamber 3, a one-way pressure filter part 4, a scraping and cleaning accessory 5 and a discharge part 6.

[0041] The upper end surface of the supporting leg frame 1 is fixedly connected with the separation box 2, the inner cavity of the separation box 2 is divided into two filter cavities by a partition, a plurality of filter plates 7 are fixedly installed in the filter cavities, the filter plates 7 further divide the filter cavities to form a plurality of filter chambers 3, the filter chambers 3 are arranged in sequence along the transverse direction, the transverse width gradually increases from left to right, and the arrangement is incremental, two driving parts 8 are symmetrically installed on the front and back of the separation box 2, a plurality of one-way pressure filter parts 4 are arranged on the driving parts 8, each one-way pressure filter part 4 is located in the corresponding filter chamber 3, the driving parts 8 are used to drive the one-way pressure filter parts 4 to reciprocate up and down in the filter chambers 3, so as to extrude and accumulate the separated insoluble residue at the bottom of the filter chambers 3, each one-way pressure filter part 4 is provided with a scraping and cleaning accessory 5 for scraping and cleaning the surface of the filter plate 7, a discharge part 6 is installed at the bottom of the separation box 2, which is used to discharge the separated insoluble residue in linkage with the one-way pressure filter parts 4, a Y-shaped input pipe 9 is communicated with the right part of the separation box 2, an electromagnetic valve is arranged on each branch of the Y-shaped input pipe 9, two guide-out pipes 10 are fixedly connected with the left end surface of the separation box 2, and the guide-out pipes 10 are symmetrically arranged on the front and back and correspond to the filter cavities, a receiving box 11 with an open upper part is fixedly connected with the supporting leg frame 1 and located directly below the discharge part 6.

[0042] Before solid-liquid separation, one of the electromagnetic valves is controlled to be open, and the other electromagnetic valve is controlled to be closed, then the leaching solution is pumped into the Y-shaped input pipe 9, and the leaching solution flows along the Y-shaped input pipe 9 to the left, and then enters one of the filter chambers in the separation tank 2 through the electromagnetic valve in the open state, and then the leaching solution sequentially flows from right to left through the filter chamber 3, and is filtered and separated by each filter plate 7 in multiple stages, and the separated insoluble residues are temporarily stored in the filter chamber 3, and the control driving part 8 drives the one-way pressure filtration part 4 to reciprocate up and down in the filter chamber 3, so that the separated insoluble residues are concentrated in the lower region of the filter chamber 3, and the scraping part 5 is scraped along with the one-way pressure filtration part 4 to synchronously move, so that the separated insoluble residues attached to the surface of the filter plate 7 are scraped off, and the filter plate 7 always maintains good separation passability.

[0043] By gradually reducing the space of the filter chamber 3 from right to left, the filter chamber 3 close to the Y-shaped input pipe 9 has a larger internal space to accommodate a large amount of insoluble residues concentrated at the initial stage of liquid inflow, and the space of the subsequent filter chamber 3 gradually reduces, which matches the trend of gradually reducing the residues in the filtration process, so that the volume of each filter chamber 3 can be reasonably allocated according to the change of residue yield from right to left in the solid-liquid separation process, so that each filter plate 7 can fully participate in the filtration and separation at the corresponding stage, avoiding the situation that the filter plate 7 close to the liquid inflow end is blocked first, and the filter plate 7 far from the liquid inflow end is idle, thereby improving the overall filtration efficiency and utilization.

[0044] The separated germanium-containing filtrate is finally discharged from the discharge pipe 10, and when the insoluble residues in the filter chamber 3 accumulate to a set height, affecting the passability of the filter plate 7 to drop below the qualified line, the electromagnetic valve previously in the closed state is controlled to be opened, and the electromagnetic valve in the open state is controlled to be closed, so that the leaching solution flows into another filter chamber, and then the corresponding filter chamber 3 is opened by the discharge part 6 to run to the lower part, so that the separated insoluble residues fall into the receiving box 11, and the two filter chambers are alternately connected to the leaching solution to realize continuous solid-liquid separation, thereby improving the solid-liquid separation efficiency.

[0045] Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5In the embodiment, the driving part 8 comprises a mounting box 81 fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the separation tank 2 and a first electric telescopic rod 82 fixedly connected to the cavity wall of the mounting box 81, the lower end of the first electric telescopic rod 82 is fixedly connected with a support plate, the lower end surface of the support plate is fixedly connected with a plurality of spring telescopic rods 83 corresponding to the position of the filtering chamber 3 and slidingly penetrating the upper wall plate of the separation tank 2, the spring telescopic rod 83 is composed of a sliding cylinder, a sliding rod slidingly connected in the sliding cylinder and a top spring fixedly connected between the sliding cylinder and the sliding rod, a pressure sensor is arranged between the top spring and the sliding cylinder, a plurality of elastic sealing rings slidingly sleeved outside the spring telescopic rod 83 are fixedly connected to the upper wall plate of the separation tank 2 and equidistantly arranged at the penetration position of the spring telescopic rod 83, the spring telescopic rod 83 is always wrapped outside by the elastic sealing ring, the sealing property of the connection between the spring telescopic rod 83 and the separation tank 2 is enhanced, and the leakage of the spring telescopic rod 83 during the up-and-down reciprocating movement is avoided.

[0046] Please refer to Figure 5 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9 In the embodiment, the one-way pressure filtration part 4 comprises a pressing seat 41 fixedly connected to the lower end of the spring telescopic rod 83 through a fixing frame and two mounting grooves 42 respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the pressing seat 41, the side wall of the mounting groove 42 is rotatably connected with a rotating shaft through a lug, a first torsion spring is fixedly connected between the rotating shaft and the lug, a first pressing plate 43 is fixedly connected outside the rotating shaft and abuts against the filter plate 7, a plurality of rectangular through grooves 44 are equidistantly arranged on the pressing seat 41, two front-and-back symmetrical rotating shafts are rotatably connected between the left and right groove walls of the rectangular through groove 44, a second torsion spring is fixedly connected between the rotating shaft and the rectangular through groove 44, a second pressing plate 45 is fixedly connected outside the rotating shaft, a limiting strip for limiting the second pressing plate 45 is fixedly connected to the front and back groove walls of the rectangular through groove 44, and the first and second pressing plates 43 and 45 are made of elastic corrosion-resistant materials.

[0047] When the leaching solution flows through the filtering chamber 3 from right to left through the Y-shaped input pipe 9, the first electric telescopic rod 82 is controlled to reciprocate up and down, the stroke of the upward movement of the first electric telescopic rod 82 is equal to that of the downward movement, the first electric telescopic rod 82 drives the spring telescopic rod 83 to reciprocate up and down through the support plate, the spring telescopic rod 83 drives the pressing seat 41 to reciprocate up and down through the fixing frame, the distance of the upward and downward movement of the pressing seat 41 is equal to the height of the filtering chamber 3, the insoluble residues separated by the filter plate 7 stay in the filtering chamber 3, when the pressing seat 41 moves upward, the first and second pressing plates 43 and 45 move upward synchronously, at this moment, the first and second pressing plates 43 and 45 are pressed downward by the leaching solution in the filtering chamber 3 and rotate downward, thereby opening the space between the pressing seat 41 and the filter plate 7, the rectangular through groove 44 is in an open state, so that the leaching solution can smoothly pass through the pressing seat 41 during the upward movement of the pressing seat 41.

[0048] The torsional force of the first torsional spring and the second torsional spring is obtained through multiple tests by those skilled in the art, which can ensure that the first pressing plate 43 and the second pressing plate 45 are kept in a horizontal position when they are in a static state, and when the first pressing plate 43 and the second pressing plate 45 are moved upward, the liquid under pressure will drive the first pressing plate 43 and the second pressing plate 45 to rotate downward, that is, the resistance encountered by the first pressing plate 43 and the second pressing plate 45 when they are moved upward is greater than the force of the first torsional spring and the second torsional spring.

[0049] When the pressing seat 41 moves to the highest position and then starts to move downward, the first pressing plate 43 and the second pressing plate 45 will be subjected to the upward driving force of the leaching liquid due to the mutual force. The first pressing plate 43 is in a horizontal position and is in contact with the wall of the installation groove 42, and the second pressing plate 45 is also in a horizontal position and is in contact with the limiting strip. The first pressing plate 43 blocks the area between the pressing seat 41 and the filter plate 7, and the second pressing plate 45 blocks the rectangular through groove 44. The whole of the pressing seat 41, the first pressing plate 43 and the second pressing plate 45 press the insoluble residue downward, so that the insoluble residue is accumulated in the lower part of the filtering chamber 3, and the pressing seat 41 repeatedly moves upward and downward to continuously push the insoluble residue to the lower part of the filtering chamber 3.

[0050] The insoluble residue in the lower part of the filtering chamber 3 will be continuously accumulated and gradually increased during the filtering and separating process. Since the upward and downward movement stroke of the spring telescopic rod 83 is fixed, when the pressing seat 41 first contacts the accumulated residue during the downward movement, the pressing seat 41 will stop moving downward due to the resistance, and the spring telescopic rod 83 will continue to move downward under the driving action, thereby being compressed. With the continuous increase of the height of the residue accumulation, the compression amount of the spring telescopic rod 83 will also increase synchronously. When the residue in the lower part is accumulated to a certain height and has obviously affected the normal separation and passing property of the filter plate 7, the compression amount of the spring telescopic rod 83 will reach the set trigger value.

[0051] At this time, the pressure sensor detects that the compression amount reaches this threshold value, and sends the detection signal to the signal acquisition module of the external circuit. The signal acquisition module transmits the signal to the processor. After the processor judges the signal, it outputs a control instruction to the control circuit of the electromagnetic valve. The control circuit then drives the corresponding electromagnetic valve to close, while opening another electromagnetic valve, so that the leaching liquid is switched into another filtering chamber. At the same time, the processor also sends a control signal to the driving circuit of the discharge part 6, so that the lower part of the filtering chamber 3 is opened. At this time, the first electric telescopic rod 82 continues to move longitudinally, and the pressing seat 41 is driven by the spring telescopic rod 83 to move synchronously, so that the insoluble residue accumulated in the filtering chamber 3 is pushed out and falls into the receiving box 11 below.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 8 andFigure 9 In the embodiment, the scraping accessory 5 includes a door-shaped frame 51 fixedly connected at the upper end surface of the pressing seat 41, a plurality of scraping plates 52 rotatably connected between the opposite sides of the door-shaped frame 51 and abutting against the surface of the filter plate 7, the scraping plates 52 being made of elastic material, a plurality of arc-shaped grooves 53 corresponding to the scraping plates 52 being equidistantly formed in the opposite sides of the door-shaped frame 51, and a sliding column 54 fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the scraping plate 52 and slidingly connected in the arc-shaped groove 53.

[0053] The pressing seat 41 moves up and down to drive the scraping accessory 5 to move synchronously, when the pressing seat 41 moves upward, the inclination direction of the scraping plate 52 is consistent with the upward direction, the scraping plate 52 can be attached to the surface of the filter plate 7 with small contact force and slide along the surface, when the pressing seat 41 moves downward, the downward direction is opposite to the inclination direction of the scraping plate 52, the scraping plate 52 rotates around the hinge point with the door-shaped frame 51 under the friction force of the contact with the filter plate 7, so that the scraping plate 52 actively presses the surface of the filter plate 7, thereby effectively scraping the insoluble residues attached to the surface of the filter plate 7, the scraped insoluble residues will enter the area below the pressing seat 41 when the pressing seat 41 moves upward subsequently.

[0054] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 6 In the embodiment, the discharge part 6 includes a discharge groove 61, a sliding plate 62 and a second electric telescopic rod 63, the discharge groove 61 is formed in the lower wall plate of the separation box 2 and below each filter chamber 3, the sliding plate 62 is slidingly connected in each discharge groove 61, the lower ends of the sliding plates 62 in the same row are fixedly connected to a connecting frame, the second electric telescopic rod 63 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the lower end surface of the separation box 2 through a fixed block, the two ends of the second electric telescopic rod 63 are fixedly connected to the connecting frame, the elastic sealing strip is fixedly connected to the side groove wall of the discharge groove 61 by embedding, the sealing property between the sliding plate 62 and the discharge groove 61 is enhanced, and leakage is avoided.

[0055] When the insoluble residues in the corresponding filter chamber 3 need to be discharged when the accumulated height reaches the set height, the control circuit in the above gives the second electric telescopic rod 63 power to drive the connecting frame located directly below the corresponding filter chamber 3 to move away from the second electric telescopic rod 63, the connecting frame then drives the sliding plate 62 to slide in the discharge groove 61, until the discharge groove 61 is opened to the extent that the accumulated insoluble residues can completely fall out, at this time, the pressing seat 41 in the up-and-down reciprocating motion will push the accumulated insoluble residues downward to make them fall into the receiving box 11, after the insoluble residues are discharged, the second electric telescopic rod 63 is controlled to contract, and then the sliding plate 62 is driven to move back to position by the connecting frame to block the discharge groove 61.

[0056] In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0057] In addition, the terms "first", "second", "one", "two" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second", "one", "two" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited.

[0058] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "arrangement", "installation", "connection", "connection", "fixation" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication or interaction relationship of two elements, unless otherwise explicitly limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0059] The embodiments of the specific implementation are the preferred embodiments of the present application, and do not limit the protection scope of the present application, therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, principle of the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for recovering germanium from optical fiber waste, characterized in that: The specific steps for recovering germanium from optical fiber waste are as follows: S1. Disassembly and sorting: Disassemble the germanium-containing optical fiber waste and sort it to remove non-germanium impurities; S2. Crushing and grinding: The germanium-containing optical fiber waste obtained from the disassembly and sorting in step S1 is crushed and ball-milled to obtain germanium-containing optical fiber powder. S3. Cleaning and drying: Clean the germanium-containing optical fiber powder obtained in step S2 with dilute acid to remove surface deposits and dust, and then perform drying. S4. Reduction leaching: Prepare a hydrochloric acid solution of appropriate concentration as the leaching medium, put the germanium-containing optical fiber powder obtained by cleaning and drying in step S3 into the reaction vessel, add the leaching medium and reducing agent into the reaction vessel, and obtain the leaching solution after reacting for a period of time. S5. Solid-liquid separation: The leachate obtained from the reduction leaching in step S4 is passed into a solid-liquid separation device for solid-liquid separation to obtain germanium-containing filtrate, while the insoluble residue is separated out. The solid-liquid separation device in step S5 above consists of a support frame (1), a separation box (2), a filter chamber (3), a one-way pressure filter (4), a scraping attachment (5), and a discharge section (6); wherein: the upper end face of the support frame (1) is fixedly connected to the separation box (2), the inner cavity of the separation box (2) is divided into two filter chambers, front and rear, by a partition, and several filter plates (7) are fixedly installed in the filter chambers. The filter plates (7) further divide the filter chambers to form several filter chambers (3). The filter chambers (3) are arranged sequentially in the transverse direction, and their transverse width gradually increases from left to right, in an increasing arrangement; Two drive units (8) are symmetrically installed on the front and back of the separation box (2). Several unidirectional filter press units (4) are provided on the drive units (8). Each unidirectional filter press unit (4) is located in the corresponding filter chamber (3). The drive units (8) are used to drive the unidirectional filter press units (4) to move up and down in the filter chamber (3) to squeeze and accumulate the separated insoluble residue at the bottom of the filter chamber (3). Each one-way filter press (4) is equipped with a scraping attachment (5) for scraping and cleaning the surface of the filter plate (7). The bottom of the separation box (2) is equipped with a discharge part (6) for linkage with the one-way filter press (4) to periodically discharge the separated insoluble residue. The right side of the separation box (2) is connected to a Y-shaped input pipe (9). The left end of the separation box (2) is symmetrically connected to two outlet pipes (10) that correspond to and are connected to the filter chamber.

2. The method for recovering germanium from optical fiber waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive unit (8) includes a mounting box (81) fixedly connected to the upper end face of the separation box (2) and a first electric telescopic rod (82) fixedly connected to the upper cavity wall of the mounting box (81). The lower end of the first electric telescopic rod (82) is fixedly connected to a support plate, and the lower end face of the support plate is fixedly connected to several spring telescopic rods (83) that correspond to the position of the filter chamber (3) and slide through the upper wall of the separation box (2).

3. The method for recovering germanium from optical fiber waste according to claim 2, characterized in that: The unidirectional filter press (4) includes a pressure seat (41) fixedly connected to the lower end of the spring telescopic rod (83) by a fixing frame and two mounting grooves (42) respectively opened on the left and right sides of the pressure seat (41). The side wall of the mounting groove (42) is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft by a lug, and a torsion spring is fixedly connected between the rotating shaft and the lug. A pressure plate (43) is fixedly connected to the outside of the rotating shaft and adhered to the filter plate (7).

4. The method for recovering germanium from optical fiber waste according to claim 3, characterized in that: The unidirectional filter press (4) also includes several rectangular through slots (44) that are equidistantly opened on the pressure base (41). Two rotating shafts that are symmetrically distributed front and back are rotatably connected between the left and right walls of the rectangular through slots (44). A second torsion spring is fixedly connected between the rotating shafts and the rectangular through slots (44). A second pressure plate (45) is fixedly connected to the outside of the rotating shafts. Limiting strips for limiting the second pressure plate (45) are fixedly connected to the front and back walls of the rectangular through slots (44).

5. The method for recovering germanium from optical fiber waste according to claim 3, characterized in that: The scraping attachment (5) includes a gate frame (51) symmetrically fixedly connected to the upper end face of the pressure seat (41). Several scrapers (52) are equidistantly rotatably connected between the front and rear opposite sides of the gate frame (51) and attached to the surface of the filter plate (7). Several arc grooves (53) corresponding to the scrapers (52) are equidistantly opened on the front and rear opposite sides of the gate frame (51). Sliding columns (54) are fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the scrapers (52) and slidably connected in the arc grooves (53).

6. The method for recovering germanium from optical fiber waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge section (6) includes a discharge slot (61), a slide plate (62), and a second electric telescopic rod (63). The lower wall of the separation box (2) is provided with a discharge slot (61) located below each filter chamber (3). A slide plate (62) is slidably connected in each discharge slot (61). The lower ends of the slide plates (62) located in the same horizontal row are fixedly connected to a connecting frame. The second electric telescopic rod (63) is fixedly connected to the middle of the lower end face of the separation box (2) by a fixing block. The two ends of the second electric telescopic rod (63) are respectively fixedly connected to the connecting frame.

7. The method for recovering germanium from optical fiber waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: A receiving box (11) with an upper opening is fixedly connected to the support frame (1) and located directly below the discharge part (6).

8. A method for recovering germanium from optical fiber waste according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper wall panel of the separation box (2) and the point through which the spring telescopic rod (83) passes are fixedly connected with several elastic sealing rings that are slidably sleeved on the outside of the spring telescopic rod (83).

9. The method for recovering germanium from optical fiber waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: Solenoid valves are installed on both branches of the Y-shaped input pipe (9).

10. A method for recovering germanium from optical fiber waste according to claim 6, characterized in that: An elastic sealing strip is fixedly connected to the side wall of the discharge groove (61) by embedding.

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