High-temperature oxidation-resistant babbitt metal wire and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-temperature oxidation-resistant babbitt metal wire as well as a preparation method and application of the high-temperature oxidation-resistant babbitt metal wire. Belongs to the technical field of alloy wires. According to the wire, a NiCr alloy coating with the thickness of 1-2 microns is arranged on the surface of a babbitt metal matrix. The plating layer melts along with the babbitt metal under the action of high temperature, the Cr element is used for stabilizing droplet transition so as to reduce shielding gas involved in air in the disturbance process, oxidation films of Ni and Cr elements are used for preventing oxygen diffusion, the droplet evaporation and metal steam oxidation process is remarkably inhibited, and therefore oxide generation in the high-energy machining process is greatly reduced. Experiments show that the oxide is reduced by more than 80% under the arc fuse wire additive process; under the laser fuse wire additive process, the oxide is reduced by more than 30%; and under the plasma fuse spraying process, the oxide is reduced by more than 20%. According to the wire, the process stability and the cladding layer quality can be effectively improved, and the bonding strength of the prepared cladding layer and the base material is also improved to a certain extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a high-temperature oxidation-resistant Babbitt alloy wire, its preparation method and application, and particularly to the design of the composition and structure of a high-temperature oxidation-resistant wire and the coating preparation process, especially to molten wires used in arc, laser and plasma spraying; belonging to the field of alloy wire technology. Background Technology

[0002] Babbitt metal (also known as white alloy) is a wear-resistant alloy material widely used in bearings, bushings, and other components. However, due to its softness and low strength, it needs to be combined with base materials such as carbon steel and cast iron under frictional and impact loads. To ensure a tight bond with the base material and prevent detachment or surface defects, arc additive manufacturing, laser additive manufacturing, and plasma spraying technologies have been developed in recent years for material composites and product manufacturing. However, these high-energy heat sources also cause serious oxidation problems in the prepared cladding layer, affecting the stability of product quality, necessitating the optimization of the wire material.

[0003] Babbitt alloy has a low melting point, ranging from approximately 180°C to 300°C depending on its composition. When preparing NiCr alloy coatings on Babbitt alloy using processes such as spraying, magnetron sputtering, and arc ion plating, the heat generated during the process is conducted to the Babbitt alloy substrate, causing it to soften. This leads to a decrease in the bonding strength between the coating and the Babbitt alloy, resulting in peeling during wire welding. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problem of easy oxidation of existing Babbitt alloy wires during high-energy beam additive manufacturing and spraying processes, this invention aims to provide a method for preparing Babbitt alloy wires with high-temperature oxidation resistance. To address the issues of substrate softening, insufficient coating density, and reduced bonding strength caused by heat conduction in the surface coating process of Babbitt alloy wires, an electroplating process is used to prepare a NiCr alloy coating on the surface of the Babbitt alloy wire. By designing the electroplating solution composition and adjusting the electroplating process parameters, a strong bond is formed between the NiCr alloy coating and the Babbitt alloy wire. During use, the NiCr alloy coating effectively stabilizes the electric arc, thereby reducing oxygen entrainment from the protective gas during arc disturbances, and effectively inhibits droplet and molten pool oxidation, reducing oxide formation and thus improving the quality of the cladding layer process.

[0005] Another objective of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a high-temperature oxidation-resistant Babbitt alloy wire.

[0006] Another objective of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an application of high-temperature oxidation-resistant Babbitt alloy wire.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: Using ordinary Babbitt alloy wire as the target material, an electroplating process is used to prepare a 1-2 micrometer thick NiCr alloy coating on its surface. The coating composition is 88-92% Ni and 8-12% Cr by mass percentage. During the processes of arc wire additive manufacturing, laser wire additive manufacturing, and plasma wire spraying, the coating melts together with the Babbitt alloy wire.

[0008] A high-temperature oxidation-resistant Babbitt alloy wire, the surface of which contains a 1-2 micrometer thick NiCr alloy coating, the coating composition being: Ni 88-92wt%, Cr 8-12wt%.

[0009] A method for preparing a high-temperature oxidation-resistant Babbitt alloy wire includes the following steps: NiCr alloy coating was prepared on Babbitt metal wire by electroplating. Before electroplating, the wire surface underwent degreasing and activation pretreatment: first, it was cleaned with a mixed alkaline degreasing agent containing 25-30 g / L sodium hydroxide and 20-25 g / L trisodium phosphate at 40-50℃ for 10-15 minutes to remove oil stains; then, it was activated with a 10 wt% citric acid solution at 30-40℃ for 3-5 minutes. The pretreated Babbitt alloy wire was placed in an electroplating solution to prepare a NiCr alloy layer. The electroplating solution composition was as follows: 100-115 g / L chromium trichloride hexahydrate, 60-80 g / L nickel sulfate hexahydrate, 25-45 g / L nickel chloride hexahydrate, 100-110 g / L citric acid, 150-160 g / L sodium citrate, 50-60 g / L urea, 45-50 g / L boric acid, 15-20 g / L sodium bromide, 2-4 g / L saccharin, 0.3-0.5 g / L 1,4-butynediol, and 0.1 g / L sodium dodecyl sulfate. The electroplating process parameters were: pH value 2.0-3.0, pulse frequency 1000 Hz, and current density 14-18 A / dm³. 2 The temperature is 20-40℃, and the electroplating time is 10-20 minutes.

[0010] Babbitt wire includes tin-based or lead-based Babbitt wire with a diameter of 1.2-2 mm.

[0011] The high-temperature oxidation-resistant Babbitt alloy wire of this invention can be used in arc wire welding or arc wire additive manufacturing, serving as the consumable electrode wire in gas metal arc welding and the non-consumable electrode wire in non-consumable electrode arc welding. Compared to wire without the coating, Babbitt alloy wire containing this coating produces more than 80% less oxides under the same arc wire additive manufacturing process. The consumable electrode arc additive manufacturing process is as follows: current 120-130A, voltage 16-18V, wire feed speed 2.3-2.8m / min.

[0012] The high-temperature oxidation-resistant Babbitt alloy wire of this invention can be used in laser fused wire additive manufacturing. Compared with the uncoated wire, the Babbitt alloy wire containing this coating produces more than 30% less oxides under the same laser fused wire additive manufacturing process. The laser fused wire additive manufacturing process is as follows: laser power 1.8kW, scanning speed 1.2m / min, and wire feed speed 3m / min.

[0013] The high-temperature oxidation-resistant Babbitt alloy wire of this invention can be used for plasma fused wire spraying. Compared with the uncoated wire, the Babbitt alloy wire containing this coating produces more than 20% less oxides under the same plasma spraying process. The plasma fused wire spraying process is as follows: the working gas is argon, the power is 8kW, and the wire feeding speed is 5m / min.

[0014] Application of a high-temperature oxidation-resistant Babbitt alloy wire in arc additive manufacturing, laser wire additive manufacturing, and plasma wire spraying.

[0015] The substrates for arc additive manufacturing, laser fused wire additive manufacturing, and plasma fused wire spraying are carbon steel or cast iron. A cladding layer is prepared on the carbon steel or cast iron substrate material through arc additive manufacturing, laser fused wire additive manufacturing, or plasma fused wire spraying.

[0016] The bonding strength between the cladding layer and the substrate is 82.5-120.1 MPa; the hardness of the cladding layer is 37.1-40.3 HB; and the oxygen content of the cladding layer is 0.18-1.11 wt%.

[0017] A cladding layer is prepared from a high-temperature oxidation-resistant Babbitt alloy wire of the present invention by means of arc additive manufacturing, laser fused wire additive manufacturing, and plasma fused wire spraying. The process for electric arc additive manufacturing is as follows: current 120-130A, voltage 16-18V, wire feed speed 2.3-2.8m / min; The laser filament additive manufacturing process is as follows: laser power 1.8kW, scanning speed 1.2m / min, and wire feeding speed 3m / min; The plasma filament spraying process is as follows: the working gas is argon, the power is 8kW, and the wire feeding speed is 5m / min.

[0018] The present invention relates to the application of a cladding layer in wear-resistant alloy components, including bearings and bushings.

[0019] A wear-resistant alloy component comprising a cladding layer of the present invention.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: The NiCr alloy layer on the surface of Babbitt wire reduces oxide formation in two ways. First, it reduces the ingress of outside air into the protective gas: Cr has a lower ionization energy than Sn and Pb in the Babbitt composition, leading to preferential ionization. This enhances the conductivity of the arc region, making it more stable. Ni increases the surface tension of the molten droplet, stabilizing its formation and transition. The combined effect of Cr and Ni reduces oxygen entrainment into the protective gas due to arc disturbances. Second, it preferentially absorbs oxygen and forms an oxide film on the surface of the droplet and molten pool: The NiCr alloy coating melts simultaneously with the Babbitt wire during melting. Some NiCr alloy mixes into the droplet, but some accumulates on the surface of the droplet and molten pool due to surface activity. The Ni and Cr elements on the surface preferentially oxidize, forming NiO and Cr2O3 protective films, preventing oxygen from diffusing into the droplet and cladding layer. In summary, the NiCr alloy coating on the surface of Babbitt wire reduces oxide formation and lowers the oxygen content of the cladding layer. Ni and Cr dissolved in the molten droplet can reduce the surface tension of the droplet, improve its spreadability and wettability on the substrate, and increase the bonding strength between the cladding layer and the substrate. After the molten pool solidifies, Ni and Cr play a solid solution strengthening role, increasing the hardness of the cladding layer.

[0021] Verification was conducted using processes such as electric arc additive manufacturing, laser additive manufacturing, and plasma spraying. It was found that the effects of the above coatings varied, with the electric arc additive manufacturing process showing the most significant effect, reducing oxidation by more than 80%. This may be related to the combined effects of multiple plasmas under the action of the electric arc.

[0022] This invention discloses a high-temperature oxidation-resistant Babbitt alloy wire suitable for fused electrode arc welding (FEA) additive manufacturing, laser FEA additive manufacturing, and plasma FEA spraying processes. The wire has a 1-2 micrometer-thick NiCr alloy coating on the surface of a Babbitt alloy substrate. The coating composition, by mass percentage, includes 88-92% Ni and 8-12% Cr. Under high temperature, this coating melts along with the Babbitt alloy. The Cr element stabilizes the droplet transition, reducing air entrainment during turbulence, while the Ni and Cr oxide film prevents oxygen diffusion, significantly suppressing droplet evaporation and metal vapor oxidation, thereby substantially reducing oxide formation during high-energy processing. Experiments show that in EFA additive manufacturing, oxides are reduced by more than 80%; in laser FEA additive manufacturing, by more than 30%; and in plasma FEA spraying, by more than 20%. The wire of this invention effectively improves process stability and cladding quality, and also enhances the bonding strength between the prepared cladding and the substrate. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of a high-temperature oxidation-resistant Babbitt metal wire. Figure 2Metallographic image of the wire coating in Example 1; Figure 3 The images show the appearance of the cladding layers prepared by electric arc additive manufacturing process for Babbitt alloy wires in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1. The cladding layer of Comparative Example 1 has more black oxide on its surface. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The following embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0025] While preferred embodiments of the invention are described below, it should be understood that the invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Where specific techniques or conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they are performed in accordance with techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to product instructions. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all commercially available conventional products. The invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. Example 1

[0026] Lead-based Babbitt alloy wire with a diameter of 1.2 mm was selected as the substrate, with the national standard grade ZPbSb16Sn16Cu2 (specific composition: Sb 16.0wt%, Sn 16.0wt%, Cu 2.0wt%, As≤0.3wt%, Zn≤0.15wt%, Fe≤0.1wt%, Bi≤0.1wt%, balance Pb). A 1.5-micron-thick NiCr alloy layer was uniformly plated on its surface, with Ni content of 88% and Cr content of 12%. Before electroplating, the surface of the lead-based Babbitt alloy wire underwent degreasing and activation pretreatment: first, it was cleaned with a mixed alkaline degreasing agent of 30 g / L sodium hydroxide and 20 g / L trisodium phosphate at 40℃ for 15 min to remove oil stains from the wire surface; then, it was activated with a 10 wt% citric acid solution at 35℃ for 3 min. The pretreated lead-based Babbitt alloy wire was placed in an electroplating solution to prepare a NiCr alloy layer. The electroplating solution composition was: 115 g / L chromium trichloride hexahydrate, 60 g / L nickel sulfate hexahydrate, 45 g / L nickel chloride hexahydrate, 110 g / L citric acid, 150 g / L sodium citrate, 50 g / L urea, 45 g / L boric acid, 20 g / L sodium bromide, 2 g / L saccharin, 0.3 g / L 1,4-butynediol, and 0.1 g / L sodium dodecyl sulfate. The electroplating process parameters were: pH 2.5, pulse frequency 1000 Hz, and current density 16 A / dm³. 2 The temperature was 25℃ and the electroplating time was 15 minutes to obtain high-temperature oxidation-resistant Babbitt alloy wire.

[0027] The high-temperature oxidation-resistant Babbitt alloy wire was used in the fused electrode arc additive manufacturing process with the following parameters: current 120A, voltage 16V, and wire feed speed 2.3m / min, to obtain a cladding layer.

[0028] A cladding layer is prepared by arc additive manufacturing from the high-temperature oxidation-resistant Babbitt alloy wire of this embodiment.

[0029] This embodiment describes the application of a cladding layer in wear-resistant alloy components, including bearings and bushings.

[0030] A wear-resistant alloy component includes a cladding layer as described in this embodiment.

[0031] like Figure 1 The image shown is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of a high-temperature oxidation-resistant Babbitt alloy wire. Figure 2 Metallographic images of the high-temperature oxidation-resistant Babbitt alloy wire coating in this embodiment; by Figure 2 As can be seen, in this embodiment, a NiCr alloy coating was electroplated on the surface of the lead-based Babbitt alloy wire, and the NiCr alloy coating formed a strong bond with the lead-based Babbitt alloy wire. The bonding interface was smooth, indicating that the lead-based Babbitt alloy wire substrate was not softened, the coating had high density, and the bonding strength was high. Figure 3 The image shows the appearance of the cladding layer prepared by the electric arc additive manufacturing process of the Babbitt alloy wire in this embodiment and Comparative Example 1. The cladding layer surface of Comparative Example 1 has more black oxides, indicating that the lead-based Babbitt alloy wire without NiCr alloy coating has a large amount of oxides generated during the electric arc additive manufacturing process, resulting in poor cladding layer quality. Example 2

[0032] Tin-based Babbitt alloy wire with a diameter of 1.6 mm was selected as the substrate, with the national standard grade ZSnSb12Pb10Cu4 (specific composition: Sb 12.0wt%, Pb 10.0wt%, Cu 4.0wt%, As≤0.1wt%, Zn≤0.01wt%, Al≤0.01wt%, Fe≤0.1wt%, Bi≤0.08wt%, balance Sn). A 2-micron thick NiCr alloy layer was uniformly plated on its surface, with Ni content of 90% and Cr content of 10%. Before electroplating, the wire surface underwent degreasing and activation pretreatment: first, it was cleaned with a mixed alkaline degreasing agent of 25 g / L sodium hydroxide and 20 g / L trisodium phosphate at 50℃ for 10 min to remove oil stains from the wire surface; then, it was activated with a 10 wt% citric acid solution at 30℃ for 5 min. The pretreated Babbitt alloy wire was placed in an electroplating solution to prepare a NiCr alloy layer. The electroplating solution composition was: 110 g / L chromium trichloride hexahydrate, 80 g / L nickel sulfate hexahydrate, 25 g / L nickel chloride hexahydrate, 100 g / L citric acid, 160 g / L sodium citrate, 60 g / L urea, 50 g / L boric acid, 15 g / L sodium bromide, 2 g / L saccharin, 0.3 g / L 1,4-butynediol, and 0.1 g / L sodium dodecyl sulfate. The electroplating process parameters were: pH 2.0, pulse frequency 1000 Hz, and current density 14 A / dm³. 2 The temperature was 30℃ and the electroplating time was 20 minutes.

[0033] The wire was used in a fused electrode arc additive manufacturing system with process parameters of 130A current, 18V voltage, and 2.8m / min wire feed speed.

[0034] A cladding layer is prepared by arc additive manufacturing from the high-temperature oxidation-resistant Babbitt alloy wire of this embodiment.

[0035] This embodiment describes the application of a cladding layer in wear-resistant alloy components, including bearings and bushings.

[0036] A wear-resistant alloy component includes a cladding layer as described in this embodiment. Example 3

[0037] Tin-based Babbitt alloy wire with a diameter of 1.6 mm was selected as the substrate, with the national standard grade ZSnSb11Cu6 (specific composition: Sb 11.0wt%, Pb 0.35wt%, Cu 6.0wt%, As≤0.1wt%, Zn≤0.01wt%, Al≤0.01wt%, Fe≤0.1wt%, Bi≤0.08wt%, balance Sn). A 1-micron-thick NiCr alloy layer was uniformly plated on its surface, with Ni content of 92% and Cr content of 8%. Before electroplating, the wire surface underwent degreasing and activation pretreatment: first, it was cleaned with a mixed alkaline degreasing agent of 27 g / L sodium hydroxide and 22 g / L trisodium phosphate at 45℃ for 12 min to remove oil stains from the wire surface; then, it was activated with a 10 wt% citric acid solution at 35℃ for 4 min. The pretreated Babbitt alloy wire was placed in an electroplating solution to prepare a NiCr alloy layer. The electroplating solution composition was: 110 g / L chromium trichloride hexahydrate, 70 g / L nickel sulfate hexahydrate, 35 g / L nickel chloride hexahydrate, 105 g / L citric acid, 155 g / L sodium citrate, 55 g / L urea, 48 g / L boric acid, 16 g / L sodium bromide, 3 g / L saccharin, 0.4 g / L 1,4-butynediol, and 0.1 g / L sodium dodecyl sulfate. The electroplating process parameters were: pH 3.0, pulse frequency 1000 Hz, and current density 14 A / dm³. 2 The temperature was 40℃ and the electroplating time was 10 minutes.

[0038] The filament was applied to a laser filament additive manufacturing system with a laser power of 1.8kW, a scanning speed of 1.2m / min, and a wire feeding speed of 3m / min.

[0039] A cladding layer is prepared by laser filament additive manufacturing from the high-temperature oxidation-resistant Babbitt alloy wire of this embodiment.

[0040] This embodiment describes the application of a cladding layer in wear-resistant alloy components, including bearings and bushings.

[0041] A wear-resistant alloy component includes a cladding layer as described in this embodiment. Example 4

[0042] Tin-based Babbitt alloy wire with a diameter of 2 mm was selected as the substrate, with the national standard grade ZSnSb8Cu4 (specific composition: Sb 8.0wt%, Pb 0.35wt%, Cu 4.0wt%, As≤0.1wt%, Zn≤0.005wt%, Al≤0.005wt%, Fe≤0.1wt%, Bi≤0.08wt%, balance Sn). A 2-micron-thick NiCr alloy layer was uniformly plated on its surface, with Ni content of 91% and Cr content of 9%. Before electroplating, the wire surface underwent degreasing and activation pretreatment: first, it was cleaned with a mixed alkaline degreasing agent of 25 g / L sodium hydroxide and 25 g / L trisodium phosphate at 40℃ for 10 min to remove oil stains from the wire surface; then, it was activated with a 10 wt% citric acid solution at 40℃ for 5 min. The pretreated Babbitt alloy wire was placed in an electroplating solution to prepare a NiCr alloy layer. The electroplating solution composition was: 100 g / L chromium trichloride hexahydrate, 65 g / L nickel sulfate hexahydrate, 25 g / L nickel chloride hexahydrate, 108 g / L citric acid, 160 g / L sodium citrate, 60 g / L urea, 45 g / L boric acid, 15 g / L sodium bromide, 4 g / L saccharin, 0.5 g / L 1,4-butynediol, and 0.1 g / L sodium dodecyl sulfate. The electroplating process parameters were: pH 2.1, pulse frequency 1000 Hz, and current density 18 A / dm³. 2 The temperature was 20℃ and the electroplating time was 20 minutes.

[0043] The filament was used in a plasma spraying system with argon as the working gas, a power of 8kW, and a filament feeding speed of 5m / min.

[0044] A cladding layer is prepared by plasma wire spraying of the high-temperature oxidation-resistant Babbitt alloy wire of this embodiment.

[0045] This embodiment describes the application of a cladding layer in wear-resistant alloy components, including bearings and bushings.

[0046] A wear-resistant alloy component includes a cladding layer as described in this embodiment.

[0047] The difference between Comparative Examples 1-4 and Examples 1-4 is that no NiCr alloy coating was prepared on the Babbitt wire; otherwise, they are the same.

[0048] Comparing the appearance of the Babbitt alloy cladding layer in the comparative examples and the comparative sample, the NiCr alloy coating on the Babbitt alloy surface effectively reduces oxides during high-energy processing. Figure 3 As shown, the amount of black oxide on the surface of the cladding layer is significantly reduced. Comparing the performance data of the examples and comparative examples, it was found that the overall oxygen content of the cladding layer is reduced, the hardness of the cladding layer is increased, and the bonding strength between the cladding layer and the substrate is improved, as shown in Table 1.

[0049] Table 1. Hardness, oxygen content, and bonding strength with the substrate of the Babbitt alloy cladding.

[0050] It should be understood that, in order to simplify this disclosure and aid in understanding one or more of the various aspects of the invention, features of the invention are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof in the above description of exemplary embodiments of the invention. However, this method of disclosure should not be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed invention requires more features than expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as reflected in the claims, inventive aspects lie in fewer than all the features of the foregoingly disclosed embodiments. Therefore, the claims, following the detailed description, are hereby expressly incorporated into that detailed description, wherein each claim itself is a separate embodiment of the invention.

[0051] Although the invention has been described with reference to a limited number of embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand from the foregoing description that other embodiments are conceivable within the scope of the invention described herein. Furthermore, it should be noted that the language used in this specification has been chosen primarily for readability and instructional purposes, and not for the purpose of interpreting or limiting the subject matter of the invention. Therefore, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the appended claims. The disclosure of the invention is illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-temperature oxidation-resistant Babbitt alloy wire, characterized in that, This includes Babbitt alloy wire, the surface of which has a 1-2 micrometer thick NiCr alloy coating.

2. The high-temperature oxidation-resistant Babbitt alloy wire according to claim 1, characterized in that, The NiCr alloy coating composition is: Ni 88-92wt%, Cr 8-12wt%.

3. The method for preparing a high-temperature oxidation-resistant Babbitt alloy wire according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S01, pretreatment of Babbitt alloy wire surface for degreasing and activation; S02. The pretreated Babbitt alloy wire is placed in an electroplating solution to prepare a NiCr alloy layer. The electroplating solution composition is: 100-115 g / L chromium trichloride hexahydrate, 60-80 g / L nickel sulfate hexahydrate, 25-45 g / L nickel chloride hexahydrate, 100-110 g / L citric acid, 150-160 g / L sodium citrate, 50-60 g / L urea, 45-50 g / L boric acid, 15-20 g / L sodium bromide, 2-4 g / L saccharin, 0.3-0.5 g / L 1,4-butynediol, and 0.1 g / L sodium dodecyl sulfate. The electroplating process parameters are: pH 2.0-3.0, pulse frequency 1000 Hz, and current density 14-18 A / dm³. 2 The temperature is 20-40℃, and the electroplating time is 10-20 minutes.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, In S01, the pretreatment process for degreasing and activation is as follows: first, use a mixed alkaline degreasing agent with the composition of 25-30g / L sodium hydroxide and 20-25g / L trisodium phosphate to clean at 40-50℃ for 10-15 minutes to remove oil stains from the surface of the filament; then, use a 10wt% citric acid solution to activate at 30-40℃ for 3-5 minutes.

5. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, In S01, Babbitt wire includes tin-based or lead-based Babbitt wire with a diameter of 1.2-2 mm.

6. The application of a high-temperature oxidation-resistant Babbitt alloy wire according to claim 1 or 2 in arc additive manufacturing, laser wire additive manufacturing, and plasma wire spraying.

7. The application according to claim 6, characterized in that, The substrates for arc additive manufacturing, laser fused wire additive manufacturing, and plasma fused wire spraying are carbon steel or cast iron. A cladding layer is prepared on the carbon steel or cast iron substrate material through arc additive manufacturing, laser fused wire additive manufacturing, or plasma fused wire spraying.

8. The application according to claim 7, characterized in that, The bonding strength between the cladding layer and the substrate is 82.5-120.1 MPa; the hardness of the cladding layer is 37.1-40.3 HB; and the oxygen content of the cladding layer is 0.18-1.11 wt%.

9. A cladding layer, characterized in that, The high-temperature oxidation-resistant Babbitt alloy wire as described in claim 1 or 2 is prepared by arc additive manufacturing, laser wire addition, or plasma wire spraying. The process for electric arc additive manufacturing is as follows: current 120-130A, voltage 16-18V, wire feed speed 2.3-2.8m / min; The laser filament additive manufacturing process is as follows: laser power 1.8kW, scanning speed 1.2m / min, and wire feeding speed 3m / min; The plasma filament spraying process is as follows: the working gas is argon, the power is 8kW, and the wire feeding speed is 5m / min.

10. The application of the cladding layer according to claim 9 in wear-resistant alloy components, characterized in that, Wear-resistant alloy components include bearings and bushings.

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