Laser cladding repair process of nickel-based superalloy

Abstract

The application provides a nickel-based superalloy laser cladding repair process and relates to the technical field of laser cladding repair, and comprises the following steps: S1, fixing a to-be-repaired part and determining the starting point and the ending point of laser cladding repair; S2, placing a closed repair cover on the upper end of the to-be-repaired part, sleeving the closed repair cover on the upper end surface of the to-be-repaired part through a gap, and locating the upper end of the to-be-repaired part in a protection chamber; S3, controlling the laser repair device to be opposite to the starting point of laser cladding repair on the upper end of the to-be-repaired part, and controlling the closed repair cover and the laser repair device to move towards the ending point along the length direction of the to-be-repaired part, wherein the projection area of the to-be-repaired part perpendicular to the length direction has a projection width, and the moving distance of the horizontal sliding plate along the width direction is greater than the projection width. The application can form a certain range of protection intervals, is suitable for workpieces with large sizes and surface curvature changes, and improves the efficiency and quality of laser cladding repair.

Description

Laser cladding repair process for nickel-based superalloys Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal material plating repair technology, and more particularly to a laser cladding repair process for nickel-based high-temperature alloys. Background Technology

[0002] For non-structural localized damage such as microcracks ≤5mm, localized wear ≤2mm, and pitting caused by nickel-based superalloys in aircraft engine blades, laser cladding technology should be prioritized for efficient repair during service.

[0003] The nickel-based superalloy of a certain aircraft engine blade contains elements such as titanium (0.65%–1.15%), aluminum (0.2%–0.8%), niobium (4.75%–5.5%), molybdenum (2.8%–3.3%), and chromium (17%–21%). During the laser cladding repair process, the repair operation needs to be carried out in a protective atmosphere to avoid oxidation caused by contact between air and the repair area.

[0004] Existing laser cladding repair processes utilize protective gas to spray metal powder, allowing the powder to undergo cladding repair within a protected environment, which can prevent oxidation to some extent. However, in open environments, the protective gas sprayed escapes rapidly, making it impossible to form a stable protective environment over a large area, thus affecting the efficiency and quality of laser cladding repair. For large aircraft engine blades with continuously varying surface curvature, it is also difficult to perform continuous laser cladding repair using a constant protective shield. Constructing large inert environment repair workshops not only increases repair costs and process requirements but also makes it difficult to accommodate large aircraft engine blades. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides a laser cladding repair process for nickel-based high-temperature alloys. This invention can form a certain range of protection zones, making it suitable for workpieces with large dimensions and varying surface curvature, thereby improving the efficiency and quality of laser cladding repair.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A laser cladding repair process for nickel-based superalloys utilizes a laser cladding repair device. This device includes a closed repair cover and a laser repair unit located on top of the closed repair cover. The closed repair cover comprises a vertical positioning frame and a horizontal sliding plate. The horizontal sliding plate passes through and is slidably connected to the vertical positioning frame. The horizontal sliding plate has a U-shaped vertical cross-section with a through-hole in the middle. A protective chamber is formed between the vertical positioning frame and the horizontal sliding plate. The process includes the following steps: S1, fixing the workpiece to be repaired and determining the start and end points of the laser cladding repair; S2, placing the closed repair cover on top of the workpiece to be repaired, fitting it through the notch onto the upper surface of the workpiece, with the upper end of the workpiece located within the protective chamber; S3, controlling the laser repair unit to be aligned with the start point of the laser cladding repair on the upper end of the workpiece, and controlling the closed repair cover and the laser repair unit to move along the length direction of the workpiece towards the end point. The projected area of ​​the workpiece perpendicular to its length direction has a projected width, and the moving distance of the horizontal sliding plate along the width direction is greater than this projected width.

[0008] Preferably, the bottom of the horizontal sliding plate is provided with two sets of bottom positioning components symmetrically arranged. The bottom positioning components include positioning telescopic rods fixedly connected to the bottom of the vertical positioning frame. The telescopic end of the positioning telescopic rod is fixed with a positioning roller. The positioning roller is fixedly connected to the bottom of the horizontal sliding plate. The distance between the two positioning rollers is less than the inner diameter width of the notch.

[0009] Preferably, a closed guide is provided at the bottom of the horizontal sliding plate. The closed guide includes an inclined guide plate and a traction device located between the guide plate and the bottom of the horizontal sliding plate. The guide plate has bending flexibility and restoring elasticity. The traction device is telescopic and communicates with the positioning telescopic rod.

[0010] Preferably, the traction device includes a first traction component and a second traction component arranged at intervals. Two positioning telescopic rods are arranged at intervals within a set of bottom positioning components. The distance between the two positioning telescopic rods is the same as the distance between the two traction components, and the positioning telescopic rods are connected to the corresponding traction components.

[0011] Preferably, the horizontal sliding plate has a receiving chamber, and a conveying hose is arranged in the receiving chamber. The first end of the conveying hose is connected to the bottom of the traction assembly, and the second end is connected to the base of the positioning telescopic rod.

[0012] Preferably, a pumping device with a variable internal chamber size is provided between the outer side of the vertical positioning frame and the horizontal sliding plate, and the protective gas is pumped into the protective chamber during the reciprocating movement of the horizontal sliding plate along the width direction.

[0013] Preferably, the air pumping device includes an air pumping positioning frame fixedly connected to a horizontal sliding plate, an air pumping assembly is provided between the air pumping positioning frame and the vertical positioning frame, and the air pumping assembly is connected to two air pumping pipes with built-in one-way valves. The first air pumping pipe is connected to a protective gas storage tank, and the second air pumping pipe is connected to the interior of the protective chamber.

[0014] Preferably, the laser repair device includes an electric slide rail, an electric slider is slidably connected to the side wall of the electric slide rail, elastic sealing sleeves are provided on both sides of the electric slider, a downward-facing laser gun head is provided on the inner wall of the electric slider, and a sealing cover is provided at the upper end of the electric slide rail, which is sleeved on the outside of the laser gun head.

[0015] Preferably, the sealing cover and the electric slider are rotatably connected by a positioning shaft, and a deflection motor for driving the positioning shaft to deflect is provided on the outside of the electric slider.

[0016] Preferably, a sliding drive component is also provided above the sealing cover, and the sliding drive component is connected to the sealing cover by a locking block that can extend and retract in the vertical direction.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0018] Compared with existing technologies, the above-mentioned equipment, combined with the original repair process, can effectively prevent air from entering the protective chamber through the gaps and causing oxidation to the laser cladding repair area. The protective chamber has a certain length range, and the cladding repair area can be cooled within this protective range, further preventing air oxidation and improving repair efficiency. Moreover, it eliminates the need to build a large inert environment repair workshop, can adapt to different sizes and types of parts to be repaired, and can quickly repair parts at any location. It is simple and convenient, and is especially suitable for workpieces with large length spans and continuously changing curved surfaces. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the working state structure of the laser cladding repair equipment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of Figure 1 of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 is a side view of the structure of Figure 1 of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the laser cladding repair device of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of Figure 4 of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 is a top view of the structure of Figure 4 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 is a side view of the structure of Figure 4 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along direction AA of Figure 6 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 9 is an enlarged structural diagram of point B in Figure 8 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 10 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.

[0029] In the diagram: 100, Part to be repaired; 200, Sealed repair cover; 210, Vertical positioning frame; 211, Vent hole; 220, Horizontal sliding plate; 221, Through notch; 230, Bottom positioning assembly; 231, Positioning telescopic rod; 232, Positioning roller; 240, Air pumping device; 241, Air pumping assembly; 242, Air pumping positioning frame; 300, Laser repair device; 310, Electric slide rail; 320, Deflection motor; 330, Electric slider; 340, Elastic sealing sleeve; 350, Sealing cover; 351, Locking block; 360, Laser gun head; 400, Sliding drive component; 500, Sealed guide component; 510, Guide plate; 520, Traction assembly one; 530, Traction assembly two; 540, Delivery hose. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0031] To address the problems mentioned in the background art, referring to Figures 1-10, a laser cladding repair process for nickel-based high-temperature alloys is described. This process is used to perform laser cladding repair on a workpiece 100. A laser cladding repair device is used, comprising a closed repair cover 200 and a laser repair unit 300 located above the closed repair cover 200. The closed repair cover 200 forms a protective chamber outside the workpiece 100, within which a protective gas atmosphere is maintained. This protects the area on the upper surface of the workpiece 100 that needs repair, preventing air from entering and oxidizing the laser cladding repair area, thus ensuring the purity and quality of the laser cladding repair area. The closed repair cover 200 is fitted onto the upper part of the workpiece 100 and can slide along the length of the workpiece 100, allowing for continuous repair of the upper surface of larger workpieces.

[0032] Specifically, the closed repair cover 200 includes a vertical positioning frame 210 and a horizontal sliding plate 220. The horizontal sliding plate 220 passes through and is slidably connected to the vertical positioning frame 210. The vertical cross-section of the horizontal sliding plate 220 is U-shaped, and a through-hole 221 is opened in the middle. The size of the through-hole 221 is larger than the width of the upper end of the part to be repaired 100, allowing the part to be repaired 100 to pass through. A protective chamber is formed between the vertical positioning frame 210 and the horizontal sliding plate 220. During the movement of the closed repair cover 200 along the length of the part to be repaired 100, the vertical positioning frame 210 drives the horizontal sliding plate 220 to move along the length of the part to be repaired 100. The vertical positioning frame 210 is positioned along the width of the part to be repaired 100. The position of the horizontal sliding plate 220 remains unchanged. According to the arc-shaped surface of the part to be repaired 100, the horizontal sliding plate 220 moves along the length direction of the part to be repaired 100 and also along the width direction of the part to be repaired 100. A protective chamber with dynamic internal space is formed between the vertical positioning frame 210 and the horizontal sliding plate 220. It can be fitted onto the upper surface of the part to be repaired 100 to effectively seal and protect the laser cladding repair area, reduce the connection gap between the sealed repair cover 200 and the part to be repaired 100, and minimize the leakage of protective gas. The part to be repaired 100 is located in the protective chamber and is in an effective protective atmosphere, preventing air from entering and causing oxidation damage to the laser cladding repair area, thus ensuring the quality of the final repair product.

[0033] The above structure is particularly suitable for workpieces with a large span of length and a continuously changing curved surface, such as aircraft engine blades. It eliminates the need to build a large inert repair and processing workshop, can adapt to engine blades of different sizes and types, and can quickly repair engine blades at any location, making it simple and convenient.

[0034] Specifically, the steps include: S1, fixing the part to be repaired 100 and determining the start and end points of the laser cladding repair; the start and end points to be repaired need to be determined and marked before the repair.

[0035] S2. Place the sealed repair cover 200 on the upper end of the part to be repaired 100, and fit it onto the upper surface of the part to be repaired 100 through the notch 221, with the upper end of the part to be repaired 100 located in the protective chamber; the overall structure is in the state shown in Figure 1, with a small gap between the part to be repaired 100 and the part through the notch 221, and the protective chamber is in a slightly positive pressure state, which can effectively prevent air from the environment from entering the protective chamber through the gap and causing oxidation to the laser cladding repair area.

[0036] S3. Control the laser repair device 300 to be aligned with the starting point of the laser cladding repair on the upper end of the workpiece 100. Control the closed repair cover 200 and the laser repair device 300 to move along the length of the workpiece 100 towards the endpoint. During the continuous movement, the continuous repair of the defect area on the upper surface of the workpiece 100 is completed. The above-mentioned moving speed needs to be determined comprehensively based on the cooling rate of the repair area and the length of the closed repair cover 200 to ensure that the repair area outside the protective chamber is in a relatively cooled state, and to avoid oxidation reaction in the repair area with excessively high air temperature to the greatest extent.

[0037] The projected area of ​​the component to be repaired 100 perpendicular to the length direction has a projected width, and the horizontal sliding plate 220 moves a distance greater than the projected width along the width direction. The projected width is the same as the projected width shown in Figure 2. The component to be repaired 100 has a certain height and different projected widths at different height positions. The projected width is selected from the largest size.

[0038] Through the above structural design, the horizontal sliding plate 220 has a sufficient range of left and right movement. During the movement of the closed repair cover 200 along the length of the part to be repaired 100, the horizontal sliding plate 220 can be pressed and shifted to the left or right, avoiding excessive pressure on the side wall of the part to be repaired 100 through the notch 221 to cause scratches and other damage, thus ensuring the effective continuous repair of the above-mentioned arc-shaped surface.

[0039] In summary, by combining the above-mentioned equipment with the original repair process, it is possible to effectively prevent air from entering the protective chamber through the gaps and causing oxidation to the laser cladding repair area. There is no need to build a separate, large inert environment repair and processing workshop. It can adapt to different sizes and types of parts to be repaired, and can quickly repair parts at any location. It is simple and convenient, and is especially suitable for workpieces with a large span of length and a continuously changing curved surface.

[0040] This article uses engine blades as an example for explanation, but the above content should not be regarded as a limitation of this application document. Those skilled in the art can use the above technical solutions for laser cladding repair of similar engine blades.

[0041] Two sets of symmetrical bottom positioning components 230 are provided at the bottom of the horizontal sliding plate 220. The bottom positioning component 230 includes a positioning telescopic rod 231 fixedly connected to the bottom of the vertical positioning frame 210. The telescopic end of the positioning telescopic rod 231 is fixed with a positioning roller 232. The positioning roller 232 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the horizontal sliding plate 220. The distance between the two positioning rollers 232 is less than the inner diameter width of the notch 221.

[0042] The aforementioned positioning roller 232 can move synchronously with the horizontal sliding plate 220. Through the above structural design, the positioning roller 232 and the side wall of the part to be repaired 100 are in a rolling friction state, which can further reduce the damage of the positioning roller 232 to the surface of the side wall of the part to be repaired 100 and improve the quality of the part to be repaired 100 after repair.

[0043] A closed flow guide 500 is provided at the bottom of the horizontal sliding plate 220. The closed flow guide 500 can collect the metal powder generated by laser cladding repair in the protective chamber, preventing the powder from being discharged from the gap through the notch 221. At the same time, the metal powder is collected in the protective chamber away from the gap through the notch 221, realizing the recycling of metal powder and saving resources.

[0044] Specifically, the closed flow guide 500 includes an inclined flow guide plate 510 and a traction device located between the flow guide plate 510 and the bottom of the horizontal sliding plate 220. The flow guide plate 510 has bending flexibility and restoring elasticity, and the traction device is telescopic and connected to the positioning telescopic rod 231.

[0045] The aforementioned guide plate 510 can be made of composite materials, with the surface made of a material that can withstand certain high temperatures. It can be a high-temperature resistant coating with a certain degree of flexibility, and the inner side made of a fiber material with a certain degree of flexibility and elasticity to meet the requirements of elastic reset and flexible fit.

[0046] The bottom of the guide plate 510 is fixedly connected to the horizontal sliding plate 220. The top of the guide plate 510 is inclined towards the part to be repaired 100 and flexibly fits against the part to be repaired 100. The traction device is located between the bottom of the guide plate 510 and the bottom of the horizontal sliding plate 220. It can traction the bottom of the guide plate 510, control the top of the guide plate 510 and the part to be repaired 100 to be in a stable fit, reduce the gap between the top of the guide plate 510 and the part to be repaired 100, so that the metal powder falling from the top can slide along the surface of the guide plate 510 to a position away from the side passing through the notch 221, thereby realizing the guiding and collection of the metal powder.

[0047] Specifically, the traction device includes a first traction component 520 and a second traction component 530 arranged at intervals. The first traction component 520 and the second traction component 530 are located at different positions and can traction the top and bottom surfaces of the guide plate 510, which is especially suitable for guide plates 510 with large size spans. Specifically, the first traction component 520 and the second traction component 530 are distributed at intervals along the length of the notch 221. The bottom of the first traction component 520 and the second traction component 530 are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the horizontal sliding plate 220, and the top of the first traction component 520 and the second traction component 530 are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the top of the guide plate 510. The first traction component 520 and the second traction component 530 are located between the two and can extend and retract to adjust the top position of the guide plate 510.

[0048] Two positioning telescopic rods 231 are arranged at intervals within a set of bottom positioning components 230. The distance between the two positioning telescopic rods 231 is the same as the distance between the two traction components, and the positioning telescopic rods 231 are connected to the corresponding traction components. The positioning telescopic rods 231 can expand and contract with the arc-shaped surface of the side wall of the part to be repaired 100. During the expansion and contraction process, the positioning telescopic rods 231 can pump the internal control gas into or out of the traction components, thereby realizing the adjustment and control of the expansion and contraction state of the traction components.

[0049] The positioning telescopic rod 231 is in communication with the corresponding traction component. During the extension and retraction of the positioning telescopic rod 231, the traction state of the corresponding traction component can be adjusted accurately and in a timely manner. This is suitable for situations where the span is large and the surface curvature of the part to be repaired 100 changes significantly.

[0050] During the compression of the positioning telescopic rod 231, the distance between the top of the guide plate 510 and the part to be repaired 100 decreases. At this time, the control gas inside the positioning telescopic rod 231 is squeezed into the corresponding traction component. The traction force of the traction component on the guide plate 510 is reduced. Under its own elasticity, the guide plate 510 tends to deflect away from the part to be repaired 100, so as to reduce the normal pressure between the guide plate 510 and the part to be repaired 100 and reduce friction.

[0051] Conversely, as the positioning telescopic rod 231 extends, the distance between the top of the guide plate 510 and the part to be repaired 100 increases. At this time, the positioning telescopic rod 231 can extract the control gas in the corresponding traction component, and the traction force of the traction component on the guide plate 510 increases. The guide plate 510 fits towards the part to be repaired 100, avoiding the leakage of metal powder due to a large gap.

[0052] It should be noted that the aforementioned traction components can be selected as a separate elastic airbag structure, or a combination of a telescopic rod and a traction rope, which can be adjusted to extend and retract according to changes in the controlled airflow.

[0053] It should also be noted that the above-mentioned positioning telescopic rod 231 and positioning roller 232 structure can be set to multiple according to the length of the part to be repaired 100. One of the multiple positioning telescopic rods 231 located on the same side is fixed with the horizontal sliding plate 220, and the remaining multiple positioning telescopic rods 231 can adaptively extend and retract as the arc surface of the part to be repaired 100 changes.

[0054] A receiving chamber is provided inside the horizontal sliding plate 220, and a delivery hose 540 is arranged inside the receiving chamber. The first end of the delivery hose 540 is connected to the bottom of the traction component, and the second end is connected to the base of the positioning telescopic rod 231. The above-mentioned overall structure is embedded inside the horizontal sliding plate 220, which can realize the effective delivery of control gas and achieve rapid and effective adjustment and control.

[0055] A pumping device 240 with a variable internal chamber size is provided between the outer side of the vertical positioning frame 210 and the horizontal sliding plate 220. During the reciprocating movement of the horizontal sliding plate 220 along the width direction, protective gas is pumped into the protective chamber. The above structural design is suitable for the workpiece 100 to be repaired with large changes in the arc-shaped surfaces on both sides. When the arc-shaped surfaces on both sides of the workpiece 100 to be repaired have large changes, the change rate of the horizontal sliding plate 220 is faster, the adjustment rate of related structures is faster, the adjustment and change of gaps are faster, and the rate of protective gas overflow is faster. Through the above structural design, protective gas can be adaptively pumped into the protective chamber according to the frequency of the reciprocating movement of the horizontal sliding plate 220 to maintain the positive pressure in the protective chamber, and to achieve adaptive and precise pumping of protective gas. While maintaining an effective protective atmosphere, it can avoid the waste of resources and eliminate the need for separate detection and pumping equipment, simplifying the related structure and achieving effective adjustment and control.

[0056] Specifically, the air pumping device 240 includes an air pumping positioning frame 242 fixedly connected to the horizontal sliding plate 220. An air pumping assembly 241 is provided between the air pumping positioning frame 242 and the vertical positioning frame 210. The air pumping assembly 241 is connected to two air pumping pipes with built-in one-way valves. The first air pumping pipe is connected to the protective gas storage tank, and the second air pumping pipe is connected to the interior of the protective chamber.

[0057] The aforementioned air pumping assembly 241 can be selected as an elastic airbag or an elastic telescopic rod. During the reciprocating movement of the horizontal sliding plate 220 in the left-right direction (left-right direction in Figure 2), the expansion and contraction of the space inside the air pumping assembly 241 can be periodically controlled. During the expansion of the space inside the air pumping assembly 241, gas in the protective gas storage tank can be drawn into the air pumping assembly 241. During the compression of the space inside the air pumping assembly 241, protective gas can be squeezed into the protective chamber, realizing unidirectional pumping of protective gas, supplementing the protective gas in the protective chamber, maintaining a slightly positive pressure state in the protective chamber, and preventing air from entering.

[0058] A vent hole 211 is provided on the side wall of the vertical positioning frame 210. The air pumping pipe can be embedded in the telescopic end of the air pumping assembly 241 and connected to the vent hole 211. During the telescopic process of the air pumping assembly 241, the protective gas passes through the air pumping pipe and the vent hole 211 and enters the protective chamber in one direction to maintain a slightly positive pressure state in the protective chamber.

[0059] Specifically, the laser repair device 300 includes an electric slide rail 310, an electric slider 330 slidably connected to the side wall of the electric slide rail 310, and a downward-facing laser gun head 360 provided on the inner wall of the electric slider 330. The electric slide rail 310 can drive the electric slider 330 and the laser gun head 360 to move to different positions. A laser positioning structure or a visual positioning structure is also installed on the front side of the laser gun head 360. The laser gun head 360 is driven to move according to the position of the upper edge of the workpiece 100 to ensure that the laser gun head 360 is directly above the edge of the workpiece 100 to achieve laser cladding.

[0060] Elastic sealing sleeves 340 are provided on both sides of the electric slider 330, and a sealing cover 350 is provided on the upper end of the electric slide rail 310 and fitted on the outside of the laser gun head 360. The above structure can seal and protect the position above the laser repair device 300 to prevent gas leakage due to gaps. The elastic sealing sleeve 340 can be made of elastic cloth or other structures, with one end fixed to the edge and the other end fixed to the side wall of the electric slider 330 to form a dynamic sealing structure.

[0061] Furthermore, the sealing cover 350 and the electric slider 330 are rotatably connected by a positioning shaft. The electric slider 330 is provided with a deflection motor 320 that drives the positioning shaft to deflect. The deflection motor 320 can adjust the angle position of the internal laser gun head 360, and laser cladding can be performed on the arc-shaped edges on the upper left and right sides of the part to be repaired at the outer position. This increases the repair methods, increases the repair area, and can adapt to more different sizes and types of parts to be repaired 100.

[0062] A sliding drive component 400 is also provided above the sealing cover 350. The sliding drive component 400 is connected to the sealing cover 350 by a locking block 351 that can extend and retract in the vertical direction. The sliding drive component 400 can also be an electric slide rail or other structure, which can drive the laser repair device 300 to move along the length of the part to be repaired 100. At the same time, the locking block 351 can extend and retract in the vertical direction, which can drive the laser repair device 300 and the sealed repair cover 200 below to rise and fall to different height positions, realize adjustment and control, and meet the repair requirements of parts 100 of different heights and sizes.

[0063] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser cladding repair process for nickel-based high-temperature alloys, using a laser cladding repair device, comprising a sealed repair cover (200) and a laser repair unit (300), characterized in that: The closed repair cover (200) includes a vertical positioning frame (210) and a horizontal sliding plate (220). The horizontal sliding plate (220) passes through the vertical positioning frame (210) and is slidably connected to it. The vertical cross-section of the horizontal sliding plate (220) is U-shaped and has a through-hole (221) in the middle position. A protective chamber is formed between the vertical positioning frame (210) and the horizontal sliding plate (220). The repair includes the following steps: S1, fixing the part to be repaired (100) and determining the starting point and ending point of the repair; S2, placing the closed repair cover (200) on the upper end of the part to be repaired (100) through the through-hole (221). S1) The laser repair device (300) is fitted onto the upper surface of the part to be repaired (100), and the upper end of the part to be repaired (100) is located in the protective chamber; S2) The laser repair device (300) is controlled to move towards the endpoint along the length direction of the part to be repaired (100); wherein, the projected area of ​​the part to be repaired (100) perpendicular to the length direction has a projected width, and the moving distance of the horizontal sliding plate (220) along the width direction is greater than the projected width; the bottom of the horizontal sliding plate (220) is symmetrically provided with two sets of bottom positioning components (230), the bottom positioning components (230) include the vertical positioning frame (21) 0) A positioning telescopic rod (231) is fixedly connected to the bottom. The telescopic end of the positioning telescopic rod (231) is fixed with a positioning roller (232). The positioning roller (232) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the horizontal sliding plate (220). The distance between the two positioning rollers (232) is less than the inner diameter width of the notch (221). A closed guide (500) is provided at the bottom of the horizontal sliding plate (220). The closed guide (500) includes an inclined guide plate (510) and a traction device located between the guide plate (510) and the bottom of the horizontal sliding plate (220). 0) It has bending flexibility and reset elasticity. The traction device is telescopic and connected to the positioning telescopic rod (231). During the extension and retraction of the positioning telescopic rod, the traction state of the corresponding traction component is adjusted in time. During the process of the closed repair cover moving along the length direction of the part to be repaired, the vertical positioning frame drives the horizontal sliding plate to move along the length direction of the part to be repaired. The position of the vertical positioning frame in the width direction of the part to be repaired will not change. The horizontal sliding plate moves along the length direction of the part to be repaired and also moves along the width direction of the part to be repaired, according to the change of the arc surface of the part to be repaired. The positioning roller moves synchronously with the horizontal sliding plate.

2. The laser cladding repair process for nickel-based high-temperature alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that, The traction device includes a first traction component (520) and a second traction component (530) arranged at intervals. Two positioning telescopic rods (231) are arranged at intervals in a set of bottom positioning components (230). The distance between the two positioning telescopic rods (231) is the same as the distance between the two traction components, and the positioning telescopic rods (231) are connected to the corresponding traction components.

3. The laser cladding repair process for nickel-based high-temperature alloys according to claim 2, characterized in that, The horizontal sliding plate (220) has a receiving chamber, and a conveying hose (540) is arranged in the receiving chamber. The first end of the conveying hose (540) is connected to the bottom of the traction assembly, and the second end is connected to the base of the positioning telescopic rod (231).

4. The laser cladding repair process for nickel-based superalloys according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pumping device (240) with a variable internal chamber size is provided between the outer side of the vertical positioning frame (210) and the horizontal sliding plate (220). The horizontal sliding plate (220) pumps protective gas into the protective chamber as it moves back and forth along the width direction.

5. The laser cladding repair process for nickel-based superalloys according to claim 4, characterized in that, The air pumping device (240) includes an air pumping positioning frame (242) fixedly connected to a horizontal sliding plate (220). An air pumping assembly (241) is provided between the air pumping positioning frame (242) and the vertical positioning frame (210). The air pumping assembly (241) is connected to two air pumping pipes with built-in one-way valves. The first air pumping pipe is connected to a protective gas storage tank, and the second air pumping pipe is connected to the interior of the protective chamber.

6. The laser cladding repair process for nickel-based superalloys according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser repair device (300) includes an electric slide rail (310), an electric slider (330) is slidably connected to the side wall of the electric slide rail (310), elastic sealing sleeves (340) are provided on both sides of the electric slider (330), a downward-facing laser gun head (360) is provided on the inner wall of the electric slider (330), and a sealing cover (350) is provided at the upper end of the electric slide rail (310) and sleeved on the outside of the laser gun head (360).

7. The laser cladding repair process for nickel-based superalloys according to claim 6, characterized in that, The sealing cover (350) and the electric slider (330) are rotatably connected by a positioning shaft, and a deflection motor (320) for driving the positioning shaft to deflect is provided on the outside of the electric slider (330).

8. The laser cladding repair process for nickel-based superalloys according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, A sliding drive (400) is also provided above the sealing cover (350), and the sliding drive (400) is connected to the sealing cover (350) by a locking block (351) that can extend and retract in the vertical direction.

Images