Acoustic black hole enhanced particle damping vibration absorber
Through the power-law thinning design and integrated structure of the acoustic black hole beam, the acoustic black hole enhanced particle damping vibration absorber achieves efficient nonlinear energy dissipation under low-frequency conditions, solving the problem of insufficient low-frequency energy dissipation efficiency in existing technologies and improving vibration suppression robustness and stability.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511796329.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-02
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-06
AI Technical Summary
Under low-frequency and low-excitation conditions, existing technologies make it difficult for particle damping vibration absorbers to generate sufficient relative motion, resulting in insufficient energy dissipation efficiency in the low-frequency domain. Furthermore, the traditional superposition and integration of acoustic black hole structures and damping layers has limited vibration suppression capabilities in low-frequency broadband scenarios, and its robustness and mass utilization are insufficient.
An acoustic black hole-enhanced particle damping vibration absorber is designed. Through the power-law thinning design and integrated structure of the acoustic black hole beam, local bending wave aggregation is formed, which promotes sufficient relative motion and friction of particles in the container. Combined with adjustable particle parameters and volume, nonlinear energy dissipation is achieved, reducing the vibration start-up threshold and expanding the vibration suppression frequency band.
By increasing energy consumption density under low frequency and low excitation conditions, expanding the vibration suppression frequency band, improving load-bearing capacity and long-term stability, reducing sensitivity to frequency deviation and excitation amplitude changes, and adapting to different working conditions.
Smart Images
Figure CN121473476A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of low-frequency and wide-frequency vibration control, and particularly relates to an acoustic black hole enhanced granular damping vibration absorber. BACKGROUND
[0002] In the vibration and noise control of engineering structures, the commonly used linear dynamic vibration absorber depends on the precise tuning of the controlled system. When the environmental temperature, boundary conditions or load spectrum change, the tuning is easy to be lost, the bandwidth is narrow and the working point is sensitive. The granular damping vibration absorber relies on the collision and friction between particles to realize non-linear energy dissipation, and has the advantages of simple structure, environmental resistance and maintainability, but under the condition of low frequency and small excitation, the particles are difficult to form sufficient relative motion, and there is a “vibration threshold”. The performance is sensitive to the filling rate, particle size and cavity geometry, and the energy dissipation efficiency is still insufficient in the low frequency domain when the additional mass is limited.
[0003] The acoustic black hole structure gradually reduces the bending wave phase speed through power law thinning and gathers vibration energy near the tip, which can significantly amplify local displacement and curvature and create conditions for low-frequency energy capture. However, a simple acoustic black hole structure usually needs to be combined with a damping layer or an end energy absorption unit to effectively convert the gathered energy into heat dissipation. The traditional damping layer has problems such as temperature dependence, adhesive aging and limited mass efficiency, which limits its vibration suppression ability in low-frequency and wide-band scenarios. The existing “acoustic black hole structure + damping layer” or “acoustic black hole structure + vibration absorber” is usually integrated in a stacked manner, and the amplitude amplification and high bearing characteristics of the acoustic black hole structure have not been fully utilized to stably and efficiently excite the non-linear energy dissipation of the particle system. Under the conditions of low frequency, wide frequency and working condition change, the vibration suppression robustness and mass utilization rate still have obvious space for improvement.
[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an acoustic black hole enhanced granular damping vibration absorber to solve the above problems. SUMMARY
[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide an acoustic black hole enhanced granular damping vibration absorber to solve the problems existing in the prior art.
[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following scheme: the present application provides an acoustic black hole enhanced granular damping vibration absorber, comprising:
[0007] A bottom plate is fixedly connected to a controlled device;
[0008] An acoustic black hole beam is connected to the bottom plate at the starting end, and a container is arranged at the end of the acoustic black hole beam, and the container, the acoustic black hole beam and the bottom plate are integrally formed;
[0009] Energy dissipation particles are stored in the container.
[0010] According to the acoustic black hole enhanced granular damping vibration absorber provided by the application, the thickness of the acoustic black hole beam satisfies:
[0011] h(x) = h min +c(L−x) m ;
[0012] h(x) is the thickness of the acoustic black hole beam, h min is the minimum thickness of the beam end, L is the length of the beam, m is the power-law index, the value range is 2-6, x is the coordinate along the length direction of the beam, and c is the coefficient of adjusting the thickness power-law distribution.
[0013] According to the acoustic black hole enhanced granular damping vibration absorber provided by the application, the inner wall of the container is provided with at least one of a baffle, a step, an inner rib or a rough lining layer.
[0014] According to the acoustic black hole enhanced granular damping vibration absorber provided by the application, the container top end is detachably connected with the cover plate.
[0015] According to the acoustic black hole enhanced granular damping vibration absorber provided by the application, the energy consumption particles are metal or ceramic materials.
[0016] According to the acoustic black hole enhanced granular damping vibration absorber provided by the application, the particle size range of the energy consumption particles is 0.1mm to 3mm, and the filling rate is 10% to 80%.
[0017] According to the acoustic black hole enhanced granular damping vibration absorber provided by the application, the mounting hole is arranged on the bottom plate, and the mounting hole is connected with the controlled device through a bolt.
[0018] According to the acoustic black hole enhanced granular damping vibration absorber provided by the application, the shape of the container is a square cavity, a column cavity, a wedge cavity or a ring cavity.
[0019] According to the acoustic black hole enhanced granular damping vibration absorber provided by the application, the cover plate is provided with a telescopic cavity, and the volume in the container is adjusted by the telescopic cavity extending into the container.
[0020] According to the acoustic black hole enhanced granular damping vibration absorber provided by the application, the controlled device is a beam, a plate, a pipeline or a mechanical arm.
[0021] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages and technical effects:
[0022] The application provides an acoustic black hole enhanced granular damping vibration absorber, a variable-thickness section of the acoustic black hole is thinned according to a power law, so that the local bending stiffness and wave impedance are reduced along the axial direction, bending waves are gathered and amplified in displacement / curvature at the tip truncation area, the amplified response directly acts on the end container integrally formed with the tip truncation area, so that the particles in the container can generate sufficient relative motion and multiple collisions / frictions under low-frequency and small excitation conditions, and a significant equivalent nonlinear damping is formed, so that the vibration threshold is reduced, the low-frequency energy dissipation density is improved, and the effective vibration suppression frequency band is expanded. The structure is integrally processed, randomicity and aging attenuation caused by assembly gaps and interface slip are avoided, load capacity and long-term stability are improved, and hidden troubles such as powder leakage, loosening and leakage are reduced. The particle material and filling rate can be quickly replaced and reset without stopping the main body. The application can obtain high-efficiency damping in the target modal abdomen under a small additional mass, and shows better robustness to frequency deviation and excitation amplitude variation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only constitute some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor:
[0024] Fig. 1 It is a whole structure entity diagram of the present application;
[0025] Fig. 2 It is a structure schematic diagram of the present application after the cover plate is buckled;
[0026] Among them, 1, cover plate; 2, container; 3, acoustic black hole beam; 4, mounting hole; 5, bottom plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments only constitute some embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.
[0028] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
[0029] REFERENCE Figs. 1-2 The present application provides an acoustic black hole enhanced granular damping vibration absorber, comprising:
[0030] The bottom plate 5 is fixedly connected to the controlled device.
[0031] The acoustic black hole beam 3 is connected with the bottom plate 5 at the starting end, and the acoustic black hole beam 3 is provided with the container 2 at the end, and the container 2, the acoustic black hole beam 3 and the bottom plate 5 are integrally formed.
[0032] The energy consumption particles are stored in the container 2.
[0033] In an embodiment of the present application, the acoustic black hole variable thickness section is thinned according to the power law, so that the local bending stiffness and wave impedance are reduced along the axial direction, the bending wave is gathered and amplified in the displacement / curvature at the tip truncation zone, and the amplified response directly acts on the end container integrally formed with the tip, so that the particles in the container can generate sufficient relative movement and multiple collisions / friction under low frequency and small excitation conditions, forming a significant equivalent nonlinear damping, thereby reducing the vibration threshold, improving the low frequency energy consumption density and expanding the effective vibration suppression frequency band. The structure is integrally processed, avoiding the randomness and aging attenuation caused by assembly gap and interface slip, improving the carrying capacity and long-term stability, and reducing the hidden dangers of powder leakage, loosening and leakage.
[0034] As an optional implementation, the thickness of the acoustic black hole beam 3 satisfies:
[0035] h(x)=h min +c(L−x) m ;
[0036] h(x) is the thickness of the acoustic black hole beam 3, h min is the minimum thickness at the end of the beam, L is the length of the beam, m is the power law index, the value range is 2-6, x is the coordinate along the length direction of the beam, and c is the coefficient of adjusting the power law distribution of the thickness, which is determined by the thickness condition of the end.
[0037] In an embodiment of the present application, the thinned acoustic black hole beam 3 variable thickness section satisfies the power law.
[0038] As an optional implementation, the inner wall of the container 2 is provided with at least one of a partition, a step, an inner rib or a rough lining.
[0039] In an embodiment of the present application, the partition, the step, the inner rib or the rough lining are arranged to regulate the particle flow and collision path.
[0040] As an optional implementation, it further includes a cover plate 1, which is detachably connected with the top end of the container 2.
[0041] In an embodiment of the present application, during use, only the cover plate 1 needs to be unscrewed to open the upper opening of the container 2, and the particle material is filled or replaced through the opening, and then the cover plate 1 is screwed back to restore the sealing. It is convenient to adjust the filling rate, particle material or particle grading without disassembling the whole vibration absorber body, so as to meet the setting requirements under different working conditions.
[0042] As an optional embodiment, the energy-consuming particles are metal or ceramic materials.
[0043] In one embodiment of the present application, the energy-consuming particles are metal or ceramic materials, and the metal particles can be selected from stainless steel, tungsten alloy, brass, or zirconium oxide.
[0044] As an optional embodiment, the particle size of the energy-consuming particles ranges from 0.1 mm to 3 mm, and the filling rate is 10% to 80%.
[0045] In one embodiment of the present application, the particle size of the particles is d=0.1–3.mm, which can be single-stage or mixed to improve the accumulation and collision spectrum; the filling rate is η=10%–80%, and the cavity mass ratio is μ=m cavity / m host =0.5%–15%.
[0046] As an optional embodiment, mounting holes 4 are formed on the bottom plate 5, and the mounting holes 4 are connected with the controlled device through bolts.
[0047] In one embodiment of the present application, the mounting holes 4 are provided with bolts to realize the connection between the bottom plate and the manual control device.
[0048] As an optional embodiment, the shape of the container 2 is a square cavity, a column cavity, a wedge cavity, or a ring cavity.
[0049] In one embodiment of the present application, the shape of the container 2 is generally a square cavity with a thickness of 2-3 mm, and a column cavity, a wedge cavity, a beam plate, or a ring cavity can be selected according to requirements.
[0050] As an optional embodiment, a telescopic cavity is arranged in the cover plate 1, and the telescopic cavity extends into the container 2 to adjust the volume of the container 2.
[0051] In one embodiment of the present application, the cover plate 1 adopts an inner and outer sleeve thread or a telescopic cavity structure, which can fine-tune the effective cavity length in the range of 5–30%, so as to change the volume and equivalent mass; if necessary, a counterweight ring can be replaced to fine-tune the mass. If online evaluation is required, a micro-accelerometer or a strain gauge can be integrated on the outside of the end cover, the wires are led out through the stress release ring and laid along the surface of the structure, and the electrical interface does not damage the cavity seal. The typical geometric range is: L=50–500mm, h max / h min =5–50, h min =0.1–1.0mm.
[0052] As an optional embodiment, the controlled device is a beam, a plate, a pipeline, or a mechanical arm.
[0053] In one embodiment of the present application, the controlled device is a beam, a plate, a pipeline or a mechanical arm, and the device of the present application is installed on the controlled device to achieve low-frequency and wide-frequency vibration suppression of the target.
[0054] In one embodiment of the present application, the vibration absorber can be used as an integrated solution in the structure, or can be used as an assembled solution of the acoustic black hole patch and the cavity module, which is convenient for application in different product forms.
[0055] In terms of structural relationship and installation connection, the present application adopts integrated manufacturing: the acoustic black hole beam 3 and the container 2 are integrally formed, there is no assembly connection interface between the container 2 and the acoustic black hole beam 3, and no connecting parts such as screws, glue layers or positioning pins are needed.
[0056] In the assembled implementation, the acoustic black hole patch is connected to the surface of the controlled device through structural glue and bolts, the thickness of the glue layer is preferably 0.05-0.2mm, so as to take into account the interface damping and bearing. For axisymmetric distributed parameter components such as flow pipelines, the acoustic black hole patch is arranged in an arc shape, and the container 2 is designed as a ring shape, and the circumferential concentricity and quick assembly and disassembly are achieved through half-ring butt joint clamps and positioning keys. The coordinates adopt the acoustic black hole axial direction x and the thickness direction z, and the circumferential angle θ is introduced for the ring-shaped cavity to describe the axial and circumferential position relationship of the cavity relative to the modal abdomen.
[0057] The present application provides an acoustic black hole enhanced particle damping vibration absorber, which aims to achieve efficient and robust suppression of low-frequency and wide-frequency vibration under the condition of limited additional mass. The amplitude energy of the acoustic black hole end is stably converted into relative motion and friction / collision energy dissipation of the particle system, which reduces the excitation threshold in small excitation conditions; reduces the dependence on a single tuning frequency, expands the effective vibration suppression bandwidth and improves the equivalent damping; through adjustable design of particle parameters, mass and volume, different structural modes and operating environments are adapted, which is convenient for engineering setting and maintenance; and the integrated manufacturing and modular assembly form are considered, which is suitable for typical application scenarios such as mechanical arms, thin-walled beams and plates and flow pipelines.
[0058] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.
[0059] The above described embodiments are only to illustrate the preferred modes of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Any modification and improvement made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present application without departing from the design spirit of the present application shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. An acoustic black hole-enhanced particle damping vibration absorber, characterized in that, include: The base plate (5) is fixedly connected to the controlled device; An acoustic black hole beam (3) is provided at the beginning of the acoustic black hole beam (3) and the bottom plate (5). A container (2) is provided at the end of the acoustic black hole beam (3). The container (2), the acoustic black hole beam (3) and the bottom plate (5) are integrally formed structures. The container (2) contains energy-consuming particles.
2. The acoustic black hole-enhanced particle damping vibration absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the acoustic black hole beam (3) satisfies: h(x)=h min +c(L−x) m ; h(x) is the thickness of the acoustic black hole beam (3), h min Let L be the minimum thickness at the end of the beam, m be the power law exponent (ranging from 2 to 6), x be the coordinate along the beam length, and c be the coefficient for adjusting the power law distribution of the thickness.
3. The acoustic black hole-enhanced particle damping vibration absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the container (2) is provided with at least one of the following: a partition, a step, an inner rib, or a rough lining.
4. The acoustic black hole-enhanced particle damping vibration absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a cover plate (1) which is detachably connected to the top of the container (2).
5. The acoustic black hole-enhanced particle damping vibration absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy-consuming particles are made of metal or ceramic materials.
6. The acoustic black hole-enhanced particle damping vibration absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the energy-consuming particles ranges from 0.1 mm to 3 mm, and the filling rate is from 10% to 80%.
7. The acoustic black hole-enhanced particle damping vibration absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base plate (5) has mounting holes (4), which are connected to the controlled device by bolts.
8. The acoustic black hole-enhanced particle damping vibration absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The container (2) is in the shape of a square cavity, a cylindrical cavity, a wedge cavity, or a ring cavity.
9. The acoustic black hole-enhanced particle damping vibration absorber according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cover plate (1) is provided with a telescopic cavity, which is extended into the container (2) to adjust the volume of the container (2).
10. The acoustic black hole-enhanced particle damping vibration absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controlled device is a beam, slab, pipe or robotic arm.