Rapid cooling device for steam turbine

Abstract

The rapid cooling device comprises a mounting base, a fixed flow equalizing plate and a movable flow equalizing plate, a box body is mounted on the outer side of the upper end of the mounting base, a connector pipe is arranged on the right side of the box body in a communicating mode, and a fixing assembly is arranged at the joint of the connector pipe and the mounting base; a fixed flow equalizing plate is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the connector pipe, a movable flow equalizing plate is arranged on the outer side of the left end of the fixed flow equalizing plate, multiple sets of first tooth blocks are fixedly mounted at the bottom of the movable flow equalizing plate at equal angles, and flow equalizing assemblies are arranged in the fixed flow equalizing plate and the movable flow equalizing plate in a penetrating mode. The invention belongs to the technical field of turbine cooling. The technical effects are achieved as follows: the purpose of controlling the air inflow of different parts can be achieved, the distribution of cooling air quantity and the differentiated and homogenized cooling of areas with different heat dissipation characteristics in the cylinder are realized, and the problem of an airflow cooling dead zone is fundamentally avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of steam turbine cooling technology, in particular to a fast cooling device for a steam turbine. BACKGROUND

[0002] A steam turbine is a rotary power machine that converts steam energy into mechanical energy, widely used in power generation and industrial drive fields. Its working principle is based on high-temperature and high-pressure steam accelerating through a nozzle to impact the blades, causing the rotor equipped with blade rows to rotate and do work externally. Specifically, the steam from the boiler enters the steam turbine and passes through a series of annularly arranged nozzles and moving blades in sequence. The steam expands and accelerates in the stationary blades to form a high-speed airflow, which pushes the moving blades to move and thus drives the rotor to rotate. The rotor is connected to the generator through a shaft coupling, and finally the mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy. The steam turbine has the advantages of large single-machine power, high efficiency, and long service life, and is one of the main equipment in modern thermal power plants.

[0003] A steam turbine fast cooling device is a supporting equipment designed to shorten the cooling time after shutdown. It uses heated compressed air to achieve efficient and uniform cooling of key components such as high-pressure and medium-pressure cylinders. When working, the fast cooling device uses a downstream method (consistent with the steam running direction) to introduce hot air at about 350℃ into the stopped steam turbine, following the principle of "high temperature and small flow, low temperature and large flow" for cooling, which can significantly reduce the time required for natural cooling and create conditions for maintenance.

[0004] For example, a steam turbine fast cooling device with the authorization publication number CN 222542514 U discloses a fast cooling device that can increase the cooling speed of the steam turbine during cooling by starting the first motor to drive the fan blades to rotate for blowing, and by using the refrigeration machine to fill the box with cold air through the refrigeration pipe.

[0005] However, the cooling air of most fast cooling devices for steam turbines at present is directly "poured" into the huge steam turbine space from one or several simple pipe openings, without the function of distributing the cooling air volume. The internal structure of the steam turbine is complex, with numerous obstacles such as partitions, guide vanes, and rotors, which leads to chaotic airflow organization, easy formation of vortex, short circuit, and dead zones, resulting in uneven cooling effect and easy generation of thermal stress. SUMMARY

[0006] Therefore, the present application provides a fast cooling device for a steam turbine to solve the problem of uneven cooling effect caused by the lack of cooling air volume distribution function.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A rapid cooling device for a steam turbine includes a mounting base, a fixed flow equalization plate, and a movable flow equalization plate. A housing is installed on the outer side of the upper end of the mounting base, and an interface pipe is connected to the right side of the housing. A fixing component is provided at the connection between the interface pipe and the mounting base.

[0009] A fixed flow equalization plate is fixedly installed on the inner side of the interface pipe. A movable flow equalization plate is provided on the outer side of the left end of the fixed flow equalization plate. The movable flow equalization plate is rotatably installed at the connection between the box and the interface pipe. Multiple sets of first tooth blocks are fixedly installed at equal angles on the bottom of the movable flow equalization plate. Flow equalization components are provided through the interior of both the fixed flow equalization plate and the movable flow equalization plate.

[0010] A mounting frame is fixedly installed on the lower outer side of the housing, and a reciprocating screw is rotatably installed inside the mounting frame. A slider is connected to the outer side of the reciprocating screw, and a second tooth block that meshes with the first tooth block is fixedly installed on the upper outer side of the slider.

[0011] Furthermore, an air compressor is provided on the left side of the mounting base, and an air supply pipe connected to the housing is installed on the outside of the air compressor.

[0012] Furthermore, an air filter is installed on the left side of the interior of the housing, and an electric heater is installed on the right side of the interior of the housing. Both the air filter and the electric heater are fixed to the housing with screws.

[0013] Furthermore, the fixing component includes a fixing ear, a fixing bolt, and a fixing block. The fixing ear is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the interface tube, and a fixing bolt is installed inside the fixing ear via a rotating shaft. The fixing block is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the housing, and the front end of the fixing bolt extends into the interior of the fixing block.

[0014] Furthermore, the front end of the fixing bolt is threaded with a nut located on the left side of the fixing block for assembling and fixing the interface tube.

[0015] Furthermore, both the housing and the interface pipe are equipped with ball bearings, which are connected to the left and right edges of the movable flow equalization plate.

[0016] Furthermore, the flow equalization assembly includes a first precast groove, a second precast groove, and a third precast groove. The first precast groove, the second precast groove, and the third precast groove are sequentially opened from the center to the edge inside the fixed flow equalization plate and the movable flow equalization plate, and the dimensions of the first precast groove, the second precast groove, and the third precast groove increase sequentially from the inside to the outside.

[0017] Furthermore, the first, second, and third prefabricated slots, which are arranged in a staggered manner within the active flow equalization plate, are used to control the airflow into different parts and achieve the distribution of cooling air volume.

[0018] Furthermore, the movable flow equalization plate is rotatably configured at the connection between the housing and the interface pipe. A sealing groove is installed on the outer right side of the movable flow equalization plate, and a first sealing ring adapted to the sealing groove is provided inside the fixed flow equalization plate to compensate for the gap at the connection between the fixed flow equalization plate and the movable flow equalization plate.

[0019] Furthermore, a cover plate that matches the size of the mounting frame is integrally fixedly installed on the lower outer side of the interface tube, and a second mounting bolt is installed at the connection between the cover plate and the lower end of the mounting frame.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0021] 1. The flow equalization assembly includes a first pre-formed groove, a second pre-formed groove, and a third pre-formed groove. The fixed flow equalization plate and the movable flow equalization plate have the first, second, and third pre-formed grooves sequentially extending from the center to the edge. The dimensions of the first, second, and third pre-formed grooves increase sequentially from the inside to the outside. The first, second, and third pre-formed grooves extending through the movable flow equalization plate are staggered. The first pre-formed groove facilitates the spraying of cooling air along the center, covering the rotor blades and the partition area. The second pre-formed groove allows the cooling air to be sprayed in the middle section of the rotor blades. The third pre-formed groove allows the cooling air to be sprayed towards the inner wall of the cylinder edge and the edge area of ​​the rotor. This achieves the purpose of controlling the airflow into different parts, realizing the distribution of cooling air volume and differentiated and uniform cooling of areas with different heat dissipation characteristics inside the cylinder, fundamentally avoiding the problem of airflow cooling dead zones.

[0022] 2. The reciprocating screw rotates while driving the slider to slide within the mounting frame, thereby engaging the second toothed block with the first toothed block. At this time, the movable flow equalization plate rotates under the drive of the first toothed block, which facilitates the adjustment of the overlap of the flow equalization components opened in the movable flow equalization plate and the fixed flow equalization plate, thus achieving the purpose of cooling air volume distribution. Meanwhile, the rotation angle of the movable flow equalization plate is ≥60°, which is compatible with the sector angle corresponding to the center of the first precast groove, the second precast groove and the third precast groove.

[0023] 3. A nut located on the left side of the fixing block is connected to the front thread of the fixing bolt for assembling and securing the interface pipe. Multiple fixing bolts can be installed via the fixing ears. When assembling the interface pipe, first align the interface pipe with the housing, ensuring the fixing ears are aligned with the fixing block. Then, rotate the fixing bolts sequentially, causing them to rotate through the pivot and engage with the fixing ears, locking them into the fixing block. Finally, rotate the nut to create a threaded connection between the nut and the fixing block, ensuring a tight connection to the outer surface of the fixing block. This secures the nut to the fixing block, improving assembly efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more intuitively illustrate the prior art and this application, exemplary drawings are provided below. It should be understood that the specific shapes and structures shown in the drawings should not generally be regarded as limiting conditions for implementing this application; for example, based on the technical concept disclosed in this application and the exemplary drawings, those skilled in the art are capable of making conventional adjustments or further optimizations to the addition / reduction / classification of certain units, their specific shapes, positional relationships, connection methods, size ratios, etc.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a front cross-sectional view of a rapid cooling device for a steam turbine, provided for some embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a side sectional view of the connection between the housing and the fixing block of a rapid cooling device for a steam turbine, provided for some embodiments of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a side cross-sectional view of the connection between the first and second tooth blocks of a rapid cooling device for a steam turbine, provided for some embodiments of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a side view of the connection between a fixed flow equalization plate and a third precast groove in a rapid cooling device for a steam turbine, provided for some embodiments of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0030] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of section B in the middle.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0032] 1. Mounting base; 2. Housing; 3. Air compressor; 4. Air supply pipe; 5. Air filter; 6. Electric heater; 7. Interface pipe; 8. Fixing lug; 9. Fixing bolt; 10. Fixing block; 11. Nut; 12. Mounting ring; 13. Fixed flow equalization plate; 14. First mounting bolt; 15. Movable flow equalization plate; 16. Ball bearing; 17. First toothed block; 18. Mounting frame; 19. Drive motor; 20. Reciprocating lead screw; 21. Slider; 22. Second toothed block; 23. First precast groove; 24. Second precast groove; 25. Third precast groove; 26. First sealing ring; 27. Sealing groove; 28. Cover plate; 29. ​​Second mounting bolt; 30. Second sealing ring; 31. Temperature sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0034] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, a rapid cooling device for a steam turbine in an embodiment of the present invention includes: a mounting base 1, a fixed flow equalization plate 13 and a movable flow equalization plate 15. A housing 2 is mounted on the outer side of the upper end of the mounting base 1. An air compressor 3 is provided on the left side of the mounting base 1, and an air supply pipe 4 connected to the housing 2 is mounted on the outer side of the air compressor 3. Two sets of temperature sensors 31 located on both sides of an electric heater 6 are provided inside the housing 2.

[0035] Meanwhile, an air filter 5 is installed on the left side of the interior of housing 2, and an electric heater 6 is installed on the right side of the interior of housing 2. Both the air filter 5 and the electric heater 6 are fixed to housing 2 with screws. This allows air to be drawn into housing 2 via air compressor 3 and air supply pipe 4. The air first passes through air filter 5 to remove dust and particulate matter, preventing impurities from entering the precision turbine and wearing down the blades or clogging the flow channels.

[0036] Filtered air enters electric heater 6. The PLC controller diagram, not shown, integrates with temperature sensor 31 to adjust the temperature of electric heater 6, thus enabling precise control of the cooling rate. To avoid the problem of rapidly cooling and quenching metal components and generating enormous thermal stress in the initial stage when the cylinder temperature is very high (potentially exceeding 400°C), the cooling air needs to be heated to a preset safe temperature, lower than the current cylinder temperature (e.g., 80-100°C lower than the upper wall temperature of the high-pressure inner cylinder), before being introduced into the turbine, achieving gentle initial cooling.

[0037] The working principles of the air filter 5, electric heater 6, PLC controller, temperature sensor 31, and their connected control unit are all existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0038] An interface pipe 7 is connected to the right side of the housing 2, and a fixing component is provided at the connection between the interface pipe 7 and the mounting base 1. The fixing component includes a fixing ear 8, a fixing bolt 9, and a fixing block 10. The fixing ear 8 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the interface pipe 7, and the fixing bolt 9 is installed inside the fixing ear 8 through a rotating shaft. The fixing block 10 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the housing 2, and the front end of the fixing bolt 9 extends into the interior of the fixing block 10.

[0039] The front end of the fixing bolt 9 is threadedly connected to a nut 11 located on the left side of the fixing block 10, used to assemble and fix the interface pipe 7. This facilitates the installation of multiple sets of fixing bolts 9 via the fixing ears 8. When assembling the interface pipe 7, first align the interface pipe 7 with the housing 2, making the fixing ears 8 aligned with the fixing block 10. Then, rotate multiple sets of fixing bolts 9 sequentially, causing the fixing bolts 9 to rotate through the pivot and engage with the fixing ears 8, thus locking them into the fixing block 10. Next, rotate the nut 11, causing the nut 11 to thread into the fixing block 10 and tightly connect to the outer surface of the fixing block 10. This allows the nut 11 to fix the fixing block 10, improving the assembly effect.

[0040] An integral cover plate 28, matching the size of the mounting frame 18, is fixedly installed on the lower outer side of the interface pipe 7. A second mounting bolt 29 is installed at the lower connection between the cover plate 28 and the mounting frame 18. When the interface pipe 7 is connected to the housing 2, the cover plate 28 is aligned with the mounting frame 18. At this time, the second mounting bolt 29 can be rotated and inserted into the mounting frame 18 and the cover plate 28 in sequence, thereby combining the fixing components and improving the fixing effect of the interface pipe 7.

[0041] A second sealing ring 30 is provided at the connection between the interface pipe 7 and the housing 2, as well as at the connection between the mounting frame 18 and the cover plate 28, to improve the sealing effect during assembly.

[0042] A fixed flow equalization plate 13 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the interface pipe 7. An installation ring 12 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the interface pipe 7, and the left side of the installation ring 12 contacts the right side of the fixed flow equalization plate 13. A first installation bolt 14 is installed through the inside of the fixed flow equalization plate 13. The fixed flow equalization plate 13 is fixedly installed in the interface pipe 7 by the first installation bolt 14.

[0043] A movable flow equalization plate 15 is provided on the outer left side of the fixed flow equalization plate 13, and the movable flow equalization plate 15 is rotatably installed at the connection between the housing 2 and the interface pipe 7. Both the housing 2 and the interface pipe 7 are provided with ball bearings 16, and the ball bearings 16 are connected to the left and right edges of the movable flow equalization plate 15 respectively.

[0044] The ball bearing 16 serves to ensure the smooth rotation of the movable flow equalization plate 15. Before assembling the interface pipe 7, the movable flow equalization plate 15 is placed on the outer right side of the housing 2, so that the first toothed block 17 and the second toothed block 22 are in a meshing state. Then, the interface pipe 7 is assembled and fixed, which improves the overall assembly and installation effect.

[0045] Multiple sets of first toothed blocks 17 are fixedly installed at equal angles on the bottom of the active flow equalizer 15. An installation frame 18 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the lower end of the housing 2. A reciprocating screw 20 is rotatably installed inside the installation frame 18. A slider 21 is connected to the outer side of the reciprocating screw 20. A second toothed block 22 that meshes with the first toothed blocks 17 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the upper end of the slider 21.

[0046] The mounting frame 18 has a drive motor 19 installed on its outer side, and the output end of the drive motor 19 is connected to the reciprocating screw 20, which facilitates the rotation of the reciprocating screw 20 within the mounting frame 18. The slider 21 has a sleeve inside that is adapted to the reciprocating screw 20 (not shown in the figure), which facilitates the reciprocating movement of the slider 21 by the reciprocating screw 20 and the sleeve. Its working principle is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0047] While the reciprocating screw 20 rotates, it can drive the slider 21 to slide within the mounting frame 18, thereby causing the second tooth block 22 to mesh with the first tooth block 17. At this time, the movable flow equalization plate 15 can rotate under the drive of the first tooth block 17, which facilitates the adjustment of the overlap of the flow equalization components opened in the movable flow equalization plate 15 and the fixed flow equalization plate 13, so as to achieve the purpose of cooling air volume distribution.

[0048] Meanwhile, the rotation angle of the movable flow equalization plate 15 is ≥60°, which is compatible with the sector angle corresponding to the center of the first precast trough 23, the second precast trough 24 and the third precast trough 25.

[0049] Both the fixed flow equalization plate 13 and the movable flow equalization plate 15 have flow equalization components that extend through their interiors. The flow equalization components include a first precast groove 23, a second precast groove 24, and a third precast groove 25. The first precast groove 23, the second precast groove 24, and the third precast groove 25 are sequentially extended through their interiors from the center to the edge of both the fixed flow equalization plate 13 and the movable flow equalization plate 15. The dimensions of the first precast groove 23, the second precast groove 24, and the third precast groove 25 increase sequentially from the inside to the outside.

[0050] The first prefabricated groove 23, the second prefabricated groove 24, and the third prefabricated groove 25, which are arranged in a staggered manner, are connected within the active flow equalization plate 15. The first prefabricated groove 23 is designed to allow cooling air to be sprayed along the middle, covering the rotor blades and the partition area. The second prefabricated groove 24 allows cooling air to be sprayed in the middle section of the rotor blades. The third prefabricated groove 25 allows cooling air to be sprayed towards the inner wall of the cylinder edge and the edge area of ​​the rotor. This achieves the purpose of controlling the airflow in different parts, distributing the cooling air volume, and providing differentiated and uniform cooling to areas with different heat dissipation characteristics inside the cylinder, fundamentally avoiding the problem of dead zones in airflow cooling.

[0051] Simultaneously, when the movable flow equalization plate 15 rotates under the action of the second tooth block 22, it can drive the first pre-formed groove 23, the second pre-formed groove 24, and the third pre-formed groove 25 inside it to block the corresponding first pre-formed groove 23, the second pre-formed groove 24, and the third pre-formed groove 25 inside the fixed flow equalization plate 13, which facilitates the concentration of cooling airflow to a certain area and avoids the phenomenon of airflow accumulation. As the movable flow equalization plate 15 rotates, the corresponding first pre-formed groove 23, the second pre-formed groove 24, and the third pre-formed groove 25 inside the fixed flow equalization plate 13 open alternately.

[0052] The movable flow equalizer 15 is rotatably mounted at the connection between the housing 2 and the interface pipe 7. A sealing groove 27 is installed on the outer right side of the movable flow equalizer 15, and a first sealing ring 26 adapted to the sealing groove 27 is provided inside the fixed flow equalizer 13 to compensate for the gap at the connection between the fixed flow equalizer 13 and the movable flow equalizer 15. This facilitates and improves the connection effect between the movable flow equalizer 15 and the fixed flow equalizer 13, while ensuring that cooling air can flow out from the corresponding flow equalization components.

[0053] Working principle:

[0054] First, the entire assembly is stably placed on the designated plane using the mounting base 1. Then, the movable flow equalization plate 15 is placed in the groove structure that matches it inside the right end of the housing 2, so that the first tooth block 17 and the second tooth block 22 at the lower end of the movable flow equalization plate 15 are engaged. Next, the interface pipe 7 is connected to the housing 2, so that the fixing ear 8 is aligned with the fixing block 10. Then, multiple sets of fixing bolts 9 are rotated in sequence, so that the fixing bolts 9 rotate with the fixing ear 8 through the rotating shaft and are locked into the fixing block 10. Then, the nut 11 is rotated, so that the nut 11 is threadedly connected to the fixing block 10 and tightly connected to the outer surface of the fixing block 10, so that the nut 11 plays a role in fixing the fixing block 10 and improving the assembly effect.

[0055] At this time, the cover plate 28 is aligned with the mounting frame 18, and the second mounting bolt 29 is rotated and inserted into the mounting frame 18 and the cover plate 28 in sequence, thereby combining the fixing components and improving the fixing effect of the interface pipe 7.

[0056] After assembly, the right end of the interface pipe 7 is fixed to the interface on the bypass pipe of the high-pressure cylinder exhaust check valve with screws. Then, the air compressor 3 is started, so that the air compressor 3 draws air through the air supply pipe 4 and inputs it into the housing 2. The air first passes through the air filter 5 to remove dust and particulate matter. The filtered air enters the electric heater 6, and the temperature is controlled in real time with the cooperation of the temperature sensor 31 to achieve gentle initial cooling.

[0057] During cooling, the drive motor 19 is started, causing the reciprocating lead screw 20 to rotate, which in turn causes the slider 21 to slide within the mounting frame 18, making the second toothed block 22 mesh with the first toothed block 17. At this time, the movable flow equalization plate 15 can rotate under the drive of the first toothed block 17, which facilitates the adjustment of the overlap of the flow equalization components opened in the movable flow equalization plate 15 and the fixed flow equalization plate 13, thereby achieving the purpose of cooling air volume distribution. The cooling air enters the steam turbine through the interface pipe 7 for cooling.

[0058] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way (as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features). For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described; these embodiments not explicitly written should also be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

Claims

1. A rapid cooling device for a steam turbine, comprising a mounting base (1), a fixed flow equalization plate (13), and a movable flow equalization plate (15), characterized in that, A housing (2) is installed on the upper outer side of the mounting base (1), and an interface pipe (7) is connected to the right side of the housing (2), and a fixing component is provided at the connection between the interface pipe (7) and the mounting base (1). A fixed flow equalization plate (13) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the interface pipe (7). A movable flow equalization plate (15) is provided on the outer side of the left end of the fixed flow equalization plate (13). The movable flow equalization plate (15) is rotatably installed at the connection between the box (2) and the interface pipe (7). Multiple sets of first tooth blocks (17) are fixedly installed at equal angles on the bottom of the movable flow equalization plate (15). Flow equalization components are provided through the interior of both the fixed flow equalization plate (13) and the movable flow equalization plate (15). An installation frame (18) is fixedly installed on the lower outer side of the housing (2), and a reciprocating screw (20) is rotatably installed inside the installation frame (18). A slider (21) is connected to the outer side of the reciprocating screw (20), and a second tooth block (22) that meshes with the first tooth block (17) is fixedly installed on the upper outer side of the slider (21).

2. The rapid cooling device for a steam turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that, An air compressor (3) is provided on the left side of the mounting base (1), and an air supply pipe (4) connected to the housing (2) is installed on the outside of the air compressor (3).

3. A rapid cooling device for a steam turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that, An air filter (5) is installed on the left side inside the housing (2), and an electric heater (6) is installed on the right side inside the housing (2). Both the air filter (5) and the electric heater (6) are fixed to the housing (2) with screws.

4. A rapid cooling device for a steam turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing assembly includes a fixing ear (8), a fixing bolt (9), and a fixing block (10). The fixing ear (8) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the interface tube (7), and the fixing bolt (9) is installed inside the fixing ear (8) via a rotating shaft. The fixing block (10) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the housing (2), and the front end of the fixing bolt (9) extends into the interior of the fixing block (10).

5. A rapid cooling device for a steam turbine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The front end of the fixing bolt (9) is threaded with a nut (11) located on the left side of the fixing block (10) for assembling and fixing the interface pipe (7).

6. A rapid cooling device for a steam turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the housing (2) and the interface pipe (7) are equipped with ball bearings (16), and the ball bearings (16) are connected to the left and right edges of the movable flow equalization plate (15).

7. A rapid cooling device for a steam turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow equalization assembly includes a first precast groove (23), a second precast groove (24), and a third precast groove (25). The fixed flow equalization plate (13) and the movable flow equalization plate (15) are provided with the first precast groove (23), the second precast groove (24), and the third precast groove (25) sequentially extending from the center to the edge. The dimensions of the first precast groove (23), the second precast groove (24), and the third precast groove (25) increase sequentially from the inside to the outside.

8. A rapid cooling device for a steam turbine according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first prefabricated groove (23), the second prefabricated groove (24) and the third prefabricated groove (25) that are connected through the active flow equalization plate (15) are arranged in an alternating manner to control the air flow into different parts and realize the distribution of cooling air volume.

9. A rapid cooling device for a steam turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movable flow equalization plate (15) is rotatably set at the connection between the housing (2) and the interface pipe (7). A sealing groove (27) is installed on the outer right side of the movable flow equalization plate (15), and a first sealing ring (26) adapted to the sealing groove (27) is opened inside the fixed flow equalization plate (13) to compensate for the gap at the connection between the fixed flow equalization plate (13) and the movable flow equalization plate (15).

10. A rapid cooling device for a steam turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower outer side of the interface tube (7) is integrally fixed with a cover plate (28) that is compatible with the size of the mounting frame (18), and a second mounting bolt (29) is installed at the lower connection between the cover plate (28) and the mounting frame (18).

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