Through-wall hole anti-seepage structure based on modified bentonite-based mineral gel and construction method

Abstract

The invention provides a through-wall hole anti-seepage structure based on modified bentonite-based mineral gel. The through-wall hole anti-seepage structure comprises a shell and a pipeline, the shell is of a hollow cavity structure and is provided with a channel for a pipeline to penetrate through, and a pipeline fixing mechanism is arranged in the shell and used for clamping and fixing the pipeline to the center of the channel. Two dry powder filling areas used for containing modified bentonite-based mineral gel and two sealant filling areas used for containing sealant are further arranged in the shell, the dry powder filling areas are arranged on the outer sides of the sealant filling areas, and the two dry powder filling areas and the two sealant filling areas are symmetrical about the central axis of the pipeline. The end face, used for making contact with the wall, of the shell is provided with a waterproof rubber pad and provided with wall fixing bolts used for fixing the shell to the wall. Through the innovative through-wall hole anti-seepage structure design and the modified bentonite-based mineral gel material application cooperation mechanism, dynamic, long-acting and maintainable sealing protection of the through-wall hole is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of civil engineering seepage prevention and machine room structure maintenance technology, specifically, it relates to a seepage prevention structure and construction method for through-wall holes based on modified bentonite-based mineral gel. Background Technology

[0002] As the core hub of modern information networks, the stability of the internal environment of communication equipment rooms directly affects the safe and reliable operation of communication equipment. Through-wall openings are essential channels in the walls of these rooms for laying optical cables, electrical cables, air conditioning ducts, and various other cables. The existence of these openings also makes them weak points in the waterproofing and moisture-proofing systems of the equipment rooms. Leakage through these through-wall openings has become one of the common problems in the operation and maintenance of communication infrastructure. These openings are constantly affected by multiple factors such as temperature differences between internal and external environments, vibration, structural settlement, and wind and rain. The original sealing materials are prone to aging and falling off, leading to sealing failure and allowing rainwater, moisture, and even insects and rodents to enter. The hazards caused by leakage and moisture intrusion are multifaceted. Direct infiltration of liquid water can cause serious electrical failures such as short circuits and equipment burnout inside the equipment room; while a continuously high humidity environment leads to condensation inside the equipment, causing circuit board corrosion, performance degradation, and significantly shortening equipment lifespan. At the same time, a humid environment also easily breeds mold, affecting the air cleanliness of the equipment room and posing a threat to the health of maintenance personnel. More seriously, such leaks are often insidious and intermittent, making them difficult to detect in time. Once an accident occurs, it could lead to widespread communication disruptions, causing huge economic losses and social impact.

[0003] To address the sealing challenges of wall penetrations in communication equipment rooms, traditional sealing technologies, while widely adopted, have significant limitations in terms of material performance, environmental adaptability, and long-term reliability. At the material level, commonly used materials such as fireproof putty and sealant are prone to cracking, hardening, or peeling from the wall and cables after prolonged use, losing their sealing effect. While chemical materials like polyurethane foam can achieve rapid filling, their poor aging resistance and tendency to powder under ultraviolet light or temperature and humidity cycles, coupled with a lack of flexibility after curing, make them unable to adapt to the subtle vibrations and displacements of cable bundles. At the structural level, traditional methods largely rely on static sealing, lacking the ability to continuously adapt to dynamic gaps created by temperature changes, cable additions or removals, or structural deformation within the penetration. At the process level, existing sealing construction is mostly a one-time operation; once the material fails, the entire process must be removed and re-constructed, which is complex, may affect network services, and results in high maintenance costs and long cycles. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a wall penetration seepage prevention structure and construction method based on modified bentonite-based mineral gel. This addresses the technical defects of existing wall penetration sealing materials in communication equipment rooms, such as easy aging and cracking, failure to bond with cables and walls, inability to adapt to cable vibration and changes, and difficulty in maintenance and replacement. Through an innovative wall penetration seepage prevention structure design and the synergistic mechanism of modified bentonite-based mineral gel material application, dynamic, long-term, and maintainable sealing protection of wall penetrations is achieved.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0006] On one hand, the present invention provides a through-wall seepage prevention structure based on modified bentonite-based mineral gel, including an outer shell and a pipeline; the outer shell is a hollow cavity structure with a channel for inserting the pipeline, and the interior of the outer shell is provided with a pipeline fixing mechanism for clamping and fixing the pipeline in the center of the channel; The outer shell is also provided with two dry powder filling areas for containing modified bentonite-based mineral gel and two sealant filling areas for containing sealant. The dry powder filling areas are located outside the sealant filling areas, and both the dry powder filling areas and the two sealant filling areas are symmetrical about the central axis of the pipeline. The outer casing is provided with a waterproof rubber pad on the end face that contacts the wall, and is equipped with wall fixing bolts for fixing the outer casing to the wall.

[0007] Furthermore, the pipeline fixing mechanism includes at least a pair of opposing connecting rod assemblies. Each connecting assembly includes a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, and a pipeline fixing plate. One end of the first connecting rod is connected to one end of the second connecting rod through a second hinge joint. The other end of the first connecting rod passes through the thick shell of the outer casing and is connected to the connecting rod fastening nut. The other end of the second connecting rod is connected to the pipeline fixing plate through the first hinge joint. Each pair of link assemblies is symmetrical about the central axis of the pipeline. The pipeline fixing plate is driven to move towards the center to clamp the pipeline by tightening the link fastening nut that mates with the first link.

[0008] Furthermore, firstly, based on the different dimensions of the through-wall hole and the wall thickness, the theoretical minimum volume of the dry powder filling zone should be calculated using the following formula. : ; In the formula: —Theoretical minimum volume of the dry powder filling area, unit: cm³; k—Effective sealing thickness, unit: cm; D—Diameter of the through-wall opening, unit: cm; The effective sealing thickness k is determined according to the following formula: ; In the formula: —Powder injection amount, unit: g / cm³; —Volume expansion rate, unit: cm³ / g; Secondly, to ensure a continuously effective sealing layer, the minimum volume of the dry powder filling area is defined. Finally, the volume V of the dry powder dispensing area (2) should not be less than and The larger value in, that is: .

[0009] Furthermore, the modified bentonite-based mineral gel is prepared from sodium bentonite, acrylic acid monomer, polyethylene glycol, and polyvinyl alcohol; the molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol is 4000-8000, and its amount is 4wt%-6wt% of the mass of the acrylic acid monomer; the amount of sodium bentonite is 30wt%-35wt% of the mass of the acrylic acid monomer; and the amount of polyvinyl alcohol is 2.5wt%-4.0wt% of the mass of the acrylic acid monomer.

[0010] Furthermore, the outer casing is provided with a hinge on one side and a splicing fixing bolt on the other side. The outer casing can be opened and closed by the cooperation of the hinge and the splicing fixing bolt. The outer shell is also equipped with an observation plate, which is made of light-transmitting material and is used to observe the state of the internal modified bentonite-based mineral gel dry powder.

[0011] Furthermore, a dry powder filling area sealing plug is provided on the outer shell on the side of the dry powder filling area away from the wall, and a sealing gasket is provided between the dry powder filling area and the outer shell, and the sealing gasket is provided with a through hole for the dry powder filling area sealing plug to pass through. The sealant application area is provided with a sealant application area plug on the outer shell on the side away from the wall.

[0012] On the other hand, the present invention provides a construction method for a wall-penetrating seepage prevention structure based on modified bentonite-based mineral gel, applied to the wall-penetrating seepage prevention structure based on modified bentonite-based mineral gel as described above, including the following steps: S1. Grind and clean the area around and inside the wall penetration hole that comes into contact with the waterproof rubber gasket until the base layer is firm and flat. S2. Preparation of modified bentonite-based mineral gel dry powder; S3. The wall penetration seepage prevention structure based on modified bentonite-based mineral gel is sleeved on the outside of the wall penetration pipeline. The pipeline fixing mechanism is adjusted and tightened to fix the pipeline, so that the structure is in stable contact with the wall through the sealing gasket, and the device is anchored to the wall using the wall fixing bolts. S4. Apply sealant to the sealant application area; S5. Add modified bentonite-based mineral gel dry powder into the dry powder filling area; S6. Regularly check the internal condition of the dry powder filling area. When it is found that the modified bentonite-based mineral gel dry powder shrinks due to moisture absorption, add modified bentonite-based mineral gel dry powder material to the dry powder filling area.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S2, the modified bentonite-based mineral gel dry powder uses sodium bentonite, acrylic monomer, polyethylene glycol and polyvinyl alcohol as raw materials. Under the condition of neutralization of 60% to 80%, the crosslinking agent methylenebisacrylamide is added, and its amount is 0.8wt%-1.0wt% of the mass of acrylic monomer. The amount of potassium persulfate initiator is 1.2wt%-1.5wt% of the mass of acrylic monomer. The reaction is carried out in a water bath at 70±2℃ for 2.5-3.0 hours, and then it is synthesized by free radical graft copolymerization. After washing with ethanol, drying in a forced air at 60℃ to 80℃, ball milling and passing through a 100-mesh sieve.

[0014] Furthermore, the water absorption rate of the modified bentonite-based mineral gel dry powder is... Volume expansion rate Curing time .

[0015] Furthermore, in step S5, a pneumatic grouting machine is used to inject the modified bentonite-based mineral gel dry powder into the dry powder injection area at a pressure of 0.15-0.3 MPa, with the injection amount being 0.008-0.01 g / cm³.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are compared with those of the prior art: 1. This invention features a rational structural design and flexible installation methods, making it suitable for various engineering scenarios. No specialized equipment is required during construction, simplifying operation and significantly reducing construction difficulty and equipment investment costs. The modified bentonite-based mineral gel material possesses reversible responsive characteristics, supporting seamless integration of new and old materials during periodic maintenance. This greatly reduces the overall replacement frequency and maintenance costs, effectively extending the structural service life. Simultaneously, the core dry powder material is non-toxic and harmless, releasing no harmful substances and having no negative environmental impact on groundwater or concrete structures. This achieves a balance between engineering efficiency and ecological safety, meeting the fundamental requirements of green and sustainable development.

[0017] 2. This invention not only demonstrates significant effectiveness in actively preventing seepage through wall penetrations, but also provides a systematic guarantee for the long-term stable operation of pipelines penetrating walls. After absorbing water and expanding, the modified bentonite-based mineral gel material creates uniform lateral pressure within the structure, forming a synergistic anti-seepage system with the gel layer as the water-blocking core, rubber pads and sealant as the sealing boundary, and a connecting rod mechanical structure as the fixed support. This system maintains its sealing performance under repeated wet-dry cycles and external disturbances, effectively inhibiting the intrusion of moisture, humidity, and insects, creating favorable conditions for the long-term safe operation of communication equipment rooms in complex environments. Over time, the material and structure work together, preventing pore blockage or structural damage due to aging products, thus forming an intelligent, reliable, and maintainable solution for preventing seepage through wall penetrations. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a vertical cross-sectional view of the through-hole seepage prevention structure based on modified bentonite-based mineral gel provided by the present invention. Figure 2 This is a front view of the through-hole seepage prevention structure based on modified bentonite-based mineral gel provided by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a front cross-sectional view of the through-hole seepage prevention structure based on modified bentonite-based mineral gel provided by the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1-Outer shell; 2-Dry powder filling area; 3-Sealing gasket; 4-Dry powder filling area sealing bolt; 5-First connecting rod; 6-Sealing bolt for sealant filling area; 7-Sealant filling area; 8-Connecting rod fastening nut; 9-Pipeline fixing plate; 10-Observation plate; 11-Pipeline; 12-First hinge joint; 13-Second connecting rod; 14-Second hinge joint; 15-Wall penetration hole gap; 16-Wall; 17-Waterproof rubber gasket; 18-Wall fixing bolt; 19-Splicing fixing bolt; 20-Hinge. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this invention. The embodiments described in this application are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the spirit of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this invention.

[0021] like Figure 1-3As shown, the present invention provides a wall-penetrating seepage prevention structure based on modified bentonite-based mineral gel, including an outer shell 1 and a pipeline 11. The outer shell 1 is a hollow cavity structure with a channel for passing through the pipeline 11. The inner part of the outer shell 1 is provided with a pipeline fixing mechanism for clamping and fixing the pipeline 11 in the center of the channel. There is a wall-penetrating gap 15 between the pipeline 11 and the wall 16.

[0022] The outer casing 1 is also provided with two dry powder filling areas 2 for containing modified bentonite-based mineral gel and two sealant filling areas 7 for containing sealant. The dry powder filling areas 2 are located outside the sealant filling areas 7, and the two dry powder filling areas 2 and the two sealant filling areas 7 are symmetrical about the central axis of the pipeline 11.

[0023] A dry powder filling area sealing plug 4 is provided on the outer shell 1 on the side of the dry powder filling area 2 away from the wall 16, and a sealing gasket 3 is provided between the dry powder filling area 2 and the outer shell 1. The sealing gasket 3 is provided with a through hole for the dry powder filling area sealing plug 4 to pass through.

[0024] A sealant filling area plug 6 is provided on the outer casing 1 on the side of the sealant filling area 7 away from the wall 16.

[0025] The outer casing 1 has a waterproof rubber gasket 17 on its end face that contacts the wall 16, and is equipped with wall fixing bolts 18 for fixing the outer casing 1 to the wall 16. The stable contact between the waterproof rubber gasket 17 and the wall 16 substrate can be achieved by grinding a groove into the wall according to the gasket thickness and applying sealant to ensure airtightness, or by applying sealant or other sealing and bonding methods to the contact surface between the rubber gasket and the wall substrate, ensuring a tight seal between the structure and the wall substrate.

[0026] The pipeline fixing mechanism includes at least one pair of opposing connecting rod assemblies. Each connecting assembly includes a first connecting rod 5, a second connecting rod 13, and a pipeline fixing plate 9. One end of the first connecting rod 5 is connected to one end of the second connecting rod 13 through a second hinge joint 14. The other end of the first connecting rod 5 passes through the thick shell of the outer shell 1 and is connected to the connecting rod fastening nut 8. The other end of the second connecting rod 13 is connected to the pipeline fixing plate 9 through a first hinge joint 12. Each pair of linkage assemblies is symmetrical about the central axis of pipeline 11. The pipeline fixing plate 9 is driven to move towards the center to clamp pipeline 11 by tightening the linkage fastening nut 8 that cooperates with the first linkage 5.

[0027] Adjust the angles of the first hinge joint 12 and the second hinge joint 14 according to the dimensions of the pipeline 11, and use a limiting device to fix the two hinge joints so that they no longer move. Adjust the first connecting rod 5 using the connecting rod fastening nut 8 to move the pipeline fixing plate 9 to a suitable position to lift the pipeline 11 for protection.

[0028] The outer casing 1 has a hinge 20 on one side and a splicing fixing bolt 19 on the other side. The outer casing 1 can be opened and closed by the cooperation of the hinge 20 and the splicing fixing bolt 19.

[0029] An observation plate 10 is also provided on the outer shell 1. The observation plate 10 can be made of light-transmitting acrylic material or other light-transmitting material, and is used to observe the state of the internal modified bentonite-based mineral gel dry powder.

[0030] This invention also provides a construction method for a through-wall seepage prevention structure based on modified bentonite-based mineral gel, comprising the following steps: S1. Grind and clean the area around and inside the wall penetration hole that contacts the waterproof rubber gasket 17 until the base layer is firm and flat. For site cleaning and base leveling, use an angle grinder and wire brush to grind the wall base around the wall penetration hole and the area in contact with the rubber material until it is firm and free of loose material. The grinding depth should be controlled between 2 and 5 mm. Then, use 0.6 to 0.8 MPa compressed air to remove dust, ensuring the base layer is free of oil and loose particles, and ensuring that the physical friction between the structural components and the surface of the wall penetration hole meets the standard.

[0031] S2. Preparation of modified bentonite-based mineral gel dry powder.

[0032] Modified bentonite-based mineral gel dry powder is produced using sodium bentonite, acrylic acid monomers, polyethylene glycol, and polyvinyl alcohol as raw materials. The amount of sodium bentonite is 30wt%-35wt% of the acrylic acid monomer mass; the molecular weight of polyethylene glycol is 4000-8000, and its amount is 4wt%-6wt% of the acrylic acid monomer mass; the amount of polyvinyl alcohol is 2.5wt%-4.0wt% of the acrylic acid monomer mass. Under conditions of 60%-80% neutralization, a crosslinking agent, methylenebisacrylamide, is added at 0.8wt%-1.0wt% of the acrylic acid monomer mass, and an initiator, potassium persulfate, is added at 1.2wt%-1.5wt% of the acrylic acid monomer mass. The reaction is carried out in a water bath at 70±2℃ for 2.5-3.0 hours, followed by free radical graft copolymerization. The reaction product is then washed with ethanol, dried in a forced-air environment at 60℃-80℃, ball-milled, and passed through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the final product. The water absorption rate of the obtained powder is... Volume expansion rate Curing time .

[0033] S3. The wall-penetrating seepage prevention structure based on modified bentonite-based mineral gel is fitted onto the outside of the wall-penetrating pipeline 11. The pipeline fixing mechanism is adjusted and tightened to fix the pipeline 11, so that the structure is in stable contact with the wall 16 through the sealing gasket 17, and the device is anchored to the wall 16 using the wall fixing bolts 18.

[0034] S4. Pull out the sealant filling area plug 6, fill the sealant filling area 7 with sealant, and then put the sealant filling area plug 6 back in. The sealant can be polyurethane or silicone sealant. Inject it into the sealant filling area 7 using a special glue gun. The amount of sealant should be enough to fill the cavity and slightly overflow. Then quickly reset the sealant filling area plug 6 to ensure a seal.

[0035] S5. After removing the sealing plug 4 in the dry powder filling area, add modified bentonite-based mineral gel dry powder into the dry powder filling area 2. The powder material is added using a small pneumatic grouting machine. After removing the sealing plug, inject the bentonite-based mineral gel dry powder into the filling area at a pressure of 0.15-0.3 MPa. The injection volume is 0.008-0.01 g / cm³, ensuring a dense filling.

[0036] First, based on the different dimensions of the through-hole and the wall thickness, the theoretical minimum volume of the dry powder filling zone 2 should be calculated using the following formula. : ; In the formula: —Theoretical minimum volume of the dry powder filling area, unit: cm³; k —Effective sealing thickness, unit: cm; D—Diameter of the through-wall opening, unit: cm; The effective sealing thickness k is determined according to the following formula: ; In the formula: —Powder injection amount, unit: g / cm³; —Volume expansion rate, unit: cm³ / g; Secondly, to ensure a continuously effective sealing layer, the minimum volume of the dry powder filling area 2 is defined. This value can effectively resist common seepage pressure and adapt to material distribution fluctuations. If the calculated value does not meet the minimum filling area volume, then preparation shall be carried out according to the minimum filling area volume.

[0037] Finally, the volume V of the dry powder dispensing area (2) should not be less than and The larger value in, that is: .

[0038] S6. Regularly check the internal condition of the dry powder filling area 2. The internal condition of the structure can be observed through the observation plate 10 to judge the working condition of the structure. When it is found that the modified bentonite-based mineral gel dry powder shrinks due to moisture absorption, add modified bentonite-based mineral gel dry powder material to the dry powder filling area 2.

[0039] Periodic inspection and maintenance should be carried out every 6 months. When leakage is found, add 1 / 3 of the dry powder material according to step S5. The old and new materials will quickly fuse together after contact with water, and the water-stopping performance will be restored after repair.

[0040] The formation of the through-wall seepage prevention structure relies on the high water-stopping properties of modified bentonite-based mineral gel dry powder. After absorbing water, the dry powder quickly forms a composite seepage prevention system with the gel layer as the core and the rubber gasket and sealant as the sealing boundary, effectively blocking the migration of water.

[0041] This invention uses modified bentonite-based mineral gel (BT-PAA / PEG / PVA) as the core material. This material possesses intelligent responsive characteristics, including rapid swelling upon contact with water, shrinkage and shape retention upon water loss, and reversible recovery upon re-contact with water. This mechanism enables the material to quickly form a dense, flexible, and dynamically adaptive sealing layer within the structure after construction, effectively filling gaps within the hole and adapting to deformations caused by pipeline vibration and temperature changes, significantly improving instantaneous water resistance and long-term impermeability. This gel layer maintains structural integrity and functional stability under various wet-dry cycles and temperature fluctuations, and is not easily peeled off or aged, fundamentally solving the technical defects of traditional sealants such as detachment and polyurethane foam powdering, thereby ensuring the long-term reliability of the through-wall hole sealing structure.

[0042] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A through-wall seepage prevention structure based on modified bentonite-based mineral gel, comprising an outer shell (1) and a pipeline (11), characterized in that: The outer shell (1) is a hollow cavity structure, which has a channel for passing through the pipeline (11). The inner part of the outer shell (1) is provided with a pipeline fixing mechanism for clamping and fixing the pipeline (11) in the center of the channel. The outer shell (1) is also provided with two dry powder filling areas (2) for containing modified bentonite-based mineral gel and two sealant filling areas (7) for containing sealant. The dry powder filling areas (2) are located outside the sealant filling areas (7), and the two dry powder filling areas (2) and the two sealant filling areas (7) are symmetrical about the central axis of the pipeline (11). The outer shell (1) is provided with a waterproof rubber pad (17) on the end face that contacts the wall (16), and is equipped with wall fixing bolts (18) for fixing the outer shell (1) to the wall (16).

2. The through-wall seepage prevention structure based on modified bentonite-based mineral gel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipeline fixing mechanism includes at least one pair of opposing connecting rod assemblies. Each connecting assembly includes a first connecting rod (5), a second connecting rod (13), and a pipeline fixing plate (9). One end of the first connecting rod (5) is connected to one end of the second connecting rod (13) through a second hinge joint (14). The other end of the first connecting rod (5) passes through the thick shell of the outer shell (1) and is connected to the connecting rod fastening nut (8). The other end of the second connecting rod (13) is connected to the pipeline fixing plate (9) through a first hinge joint (12). Each pair of link assemblies is symmetrical about the central axis of the pipeline (11). The pipeline fixing plate (9) is driven to move toward the center to clamp the pipeline (11) by tightening the link fastening nut (8) that cooperates with the first link (5).

3. The through-wall seepage prevention structure based on modified bentonite-based mineral gel according to claim 1, characterized in that: Depending on the size of the through-hole and the wall thickness, the theoretical minimum volume of the dry powder filling area (2) should be calculated using the following formula. : ； In the formula: —Theoretical minimum volume of the dry powder filling area, unit: cm³; k —Effective sealing thickness, unit: cm; D—Diameter of the through-wall opening, unit: cm; The effective sealing thickness k is determined according to the following formula: ； In the formula: —Powder injection amount, unit: g / cm³; —Volume expansion rate, unit: cm³ / g; To ensure a continuously effective sealing layer, the minimum volume of the dry powder filling area (2) is defined. ; The volume V of the dry powder dispensing area (2) should not be less than and The larger value in, that is: 。 4. The through-wall seepage prevention structure based on modified bentonite-based mineral gel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modified bentonite-based mineral gel is prepared from sodium bentonite, acrylic acid monomer, polyethylene glycol and polyvinyl alcohol. The molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol is 4000-8000, and its amount is 4wt%-6wt% of the mass of the acrylic acid monomer; the amount of sodium bentonite is 30wt%-35wt% of the mass of the acrylic acid monomer; and the amount of polyvinyl alcohol is 2.5wt%-4.0wt% of the mass of the acrylic acid monomer.

5. The through-wall seepage prevention structure based on modified bentonite-based mineral gel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer shell (1) is provided with a hinge (20) on one side and a splicing fixing bolt (19) on the other side. The outer shell (1) can be opened and closed by the cooperation of the hinge (20) and the splicing fixing bolt (19). The outer shell (1) is also provided with an observation plate (10), which is made of light-transmitting material and is used to observe the state of the internal modified bentonite-based mineral gel dry powder.

6. The through-wall seepage prevention structure based on modified bentonite-based mineral gel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dry powder filling area (2) is provided with a dry powder filling area sealing plug (4) on the outer shell (1) on the side away from the wall (16), and a sealing gasket (3) is provided between the dry powder filling area (2) and the outer shell (1), and a through hole is provided on the sealing gasket (3) for the dry powder filling area sealing plug (4) to pass through. The sealant application area (7) is provided with a sealant application area plug (6) on the outer shell (1) on the side away from the wall (16).

7. A construction method for a wall-penetrating seepage prevention structure based on modified bentonite-based mineral gel, applied to the wall-penetrating seepage prevention structure based on modified bentonite-based mineral gel as described in any one of claims 1-6, comprising the following steps: S1. Grind and clean the area around and inside the wall penetration hole that is in contact with the waterproof rubber pad (17) until the base layer is firm and flat. S2. Preparation of modified bentonite-based mineral gel dry powder; S3. The wall-penetrating seepage prevention structure based on modified bentonite-based mineral gel is fitted onto the outside of the wall-penetrating pipeline (11). The pipeline fixing mechanism is adjusted and tightened to fix the pipeline, so that the structure is in stable contact with the wall (16) through the sealing gasket (17), and the device is anchored to the wall using the wall fixing bolts (18). S4. Apply sealant to the sealant application area (7); S5. Add modified bentonite-based mineral gel dry powder to the dry powder filling area (2); S6. Regularly check the internal condition of the dry powder filling area (2). When it is found that the modified bentonite-based mineral gel dry powder shrinks due to moisture absorption, add modified bentonite-based mineral gel dry powder material to the dry powder filling area (2).

8. The construction method of a through-wall seepage prevention structure based on modified bentonite-based mineral gel according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S2, the modified bentonite-based mineral gel dry powder is made from sodium bentonite, acrylic monomer, polyethylene glycol and polyvinyl alcohol. Under the condition of neutralization of 60% to 80%, the crosslinking agent methylenebisacrylamide is added, and its amount is 0.8wt%-1.0wt% of the mass of acrylic monomer. The amount of potassium persulfate initiator is 1.2wt%-1.5wt% of the mass of acrylic monomer. The reaction is carried out in a water bath at 70±2℃ for 2.5-3.0 hours. It is then synthesized by free radical graft copolymerization, washed with ethanol, dried in a forced air at 60℃ to 80℃, ball-milled and sieved through a 100-mesh sieve.

9. A construction method for a through-wall seepage prevention structure based on modified bentonite-based mineral gel according to claim 8, characterized in that: The modified bentonite-based mineral gel dry powder has a water absorption rate of Volume expansion rate Curing time .

10. The construction method of a through-wall seepage prevention structure based on modified bentonite-based mineral gel according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S5, the modified bentonite-based mineral gel dry powder is injected into the dry powder injection area (2) at a pressure of 0.15-0.3 MPa using a pneumatic grouting machine, with an injection volume of 0.008-0.01 g / cm³.

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