Biomass gasification intelligent heat supply system based on reaction layer thermal imaging

Abstract

The invention discloses a biomass gasification intelligent heat supply system based on reaction layer thermal imaging, which comprises a biomass gasification furnace, a steam boiler connected with a biomass gas outlet of the biomass gasification furnace, and a feeding device used for conveying dried biomass raw materials into the top of the biomass gasification furnace, the system is characterized by further comprising an infrared thermal imager, a microwave drying device, a thermal image processing module, a reaction layer analysis module and an intelligent control module. According to the invention, the size and position information of each reaction layer of the biomass gasification furnace can be obtained in real time, so that the working parameters or states of the biomass gasification heat supply system can be intelligently regulated and controlled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a biomass gasification intelligent heating system based on reaction layer thermal imaging, belonging to the field of environmental protection technology. Background Technology

[0002] A biomass gasification heating system mainly consists of a biomass gasifier, a steam boiler, and a tail gas treatment system. The biomass gasifier is a process that uses thermochemical reactions to pyrolyze biomass feedstock into biomass gaseous fuel. The biomass gaseous fuel produced by the biomass gasifier can replace conventional gas as fuel for steam boilers, thereby generating high-temperature steam for industrial or residential heating.

[0003] Biomass gasifiers typically come in two types: fixed-bed and fluidized-bed. In fluidized-bed gasifiers, the biomass material and gasifying agent are violently mixed, and drying, pyrolysis, oxidation, and reduction reactions occur simultaneously, making it impossible to define independent reaction layers. In fixed-bed biomass gasifiers, the biomass feedstock passes through four continuous reaction layers from top to bottom: a drying layer, a pyrolysis layer, a reduction layer, and an oxidation layer. Generally, the drying layer operates at a temperature range of 100-300℃, and its main function is to evaporate moisture from the biomass feedstock. The pyrolysis layer operates at a temperature range of 300-600℃. In the oxygen-deficient environment of this reaction layer, biomass macromolecules decompose to produce coke, volatiles such as CO, CO2, H2, CH4, tar, and water vapor. The reduction layer operates at a temperature range of 600-900℃, where carbon reduction and water-gas reactions mainly occur. The working temperature range of the oxide layer is 900-1200℃. Its main function is to achieve incomplete combustion of volatile components and coke, release heat to maintain high temperature, and support the endothermic reaction of the reduction layer.

[0004] In practical applications, the sizes of the drying, pyrolysis, oxidation, and reduction layers within a biomass gasifier are not fixed and dynamically change due to factors such as the composition and moisture content of the biomass feedstock, as well as operating conditions. For example, if the moisture content of the biomass feedstock is too high, the thickness of the drying layer increases, and vice versa. Excessive air or oxygen supply to the oxidation layer can expand it, but the quality of the resulting biomass gas fuel will decrease. For example, biomass feedstocks such as straw require a thicker pyrolysis layer for complete decomposition. Furthermore, although the order of the drying, pyrolysis, reduction, and oxidation layers within the biomass gasifier remains constant, the absolute positions of each reaction zone may change. For example, if ash is not promptly removed from the biomass gasifier, the oxidation layer, being piled on top of the ash, will shift upwards. Similarly, if biomass feedstock is not replenished after a period of operation, the volume of the feedstock will shrink due to reactions in the pyrolysis, oxidation, and reduction layers, causing the drying layer to shift downwards.

[0005] In summary, the operating status of a biomass gasifier can be determined by observing the changes in the thickness or position of the drying, pyrolysis, oxidation, and reduction layers, allowing for appropriate control measures to be taken. However, since the biomass fuel reaction occurs within a relatively enclosed and unobservable furnace, it is practically difficult to accurately determine the thickness and position changes of each reaction layer. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a biomass gasification intelligent heating system based on reaction layer thermal imaging, which can obtain the size and location information of each reaction layer in the biomass gasifier, thereby enabling intelligent control of the operating parameters or status of the biomass gasification heating system.

[0007] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solution.

[0008] The intelligent heating system for biomass gasification based on reaction layer thermal imaging includes a biomass gasifier, a steam boiler connected to the biomass gas outlet of the biomass gasifier, a feeding device for conveying dried biomass raw materials to the top of the biomass gasifier, and an ash discharge device for discharging ash from the top of the biomass gasifier. The system is characterized by further including: an infrared thermal imager, a microwave drying device, a thermal image processing module, a reaction layer analysis module, and an intelligent control module.

[0009] The biomass gasifier has a monitoring area set along its height on the surface of the furnace body. The surface of the furnace body where the monitoring area is located is exposed without an insulation layer. An air supply device is set at the bottom of the biomass gasifier.

[0010] The infrared thermal imager is positioned facing the monitoring area to collect thermal images of the monitoring area in real time and send them to the central processing unit.

[0011] The microwave drying device is connected to the feeding device to dry the biomass raw materials transported to the biomass gasification furnace.

[0012] The thermal image processing module is used to analyze and calculate the temperature distribution information on the monitoring area based on the thermal image of the monitoring area and send it to the reaction layer analysis module.

[0013] The reaction layer analysis module is used to identify and divide the monitoring area based on temperature distribution information and the working temperature range of the oxide layer, reduction layer, pyrolysis layer and drying layer, and obtain the real-time position data of each reaction layer in the monitoring area. At the same time, it calculates the real-time area ratio of each reaction layer in the monitoring area and sends the real-time position data and real-time area ratio to the intelligent control module.

[0014] The intelligent control module includes functions for analyzing and calculating changes in the real-time position data of the oxide layer and the drying layer, and then issuing material control commands to control the feeding device to feed material or the ash discharge device to discharge ash; and functions for comparing the real-time area ratio of each reaction zone with a set threshold, and then issuing parameter adjustment commands to control the system's operating parameters.

[0015] Preferably, the monitoring area is columnar, the width of the monitoring area is 15-20cm, and the height of the monitoring area covers the stacking height of the biomass gasification furnace when it is fully loaded with biomass fuel.

[0016] Preferably, the intelligent control module issues parameter adjustment commands to control the system's operating parameters as follows:

[0017] When the real-time area ratio of the oxide layer is lower than the set threshold, a parameter adjustment command is issued to control the air supply device to increase the air volume introduced into the bottom of the biomass gasifier; otherwise, the air volume introduced into the bottom of the biomass gasifier is reduced.

[0018] When the real-time area ratio of the drying layer is higher than the set threshold, a parameter adjustment command is issued to control the microwave drying device to increase the microwave power to reduce the moisture content of the biomass raw material after drying; otherwise, the microwave power is reduced.

[0019] Preferably, the intelligent control module issues infeed / discharge control commands to control the feeding device to feed material or the ash discharge device to discharge ash, specifically as follows:

[0020] When the starting position of the oxide layer moves up above the set threshold, a material control command is issued to control the ash discharge device to discharge the ash and slag at the bottom of the biomass gasifier.

[0021] When the starting position of the drying layer moves down beyond the set threshold, a material control command is issued to start the feeding device to feed material to the top of the biomass gasifier.

[0022] Preferably, the steam boiler has two burners on one side of the furnace. One burner is connected to the biomass gas outlet of the biomass gasification furnace through a biomass gas pipeline, and the other burner is connected to the municipal gas pipeline network through a regular gas transmission pipe. Both the biomass gas pipeline and the regular gas transmission pipe are equipped with solenoid valves.

[0023] Preferably, the intelligent control module further includes a function to identify the number of reaction zones. When the number of reaction zones is less than 4, a command is issued to control the solenoid valve of the biomass gas pipeline to close and to control the solenoid valve on the ordinary gas transmission pipe to open.

[0024] Preferably, the system of the present invention further includes a tail gas treatment system for purifying and discharging the tail gas from the steam boiler, the tail gas treatment system comprising an SCR reactor, an economizer, an air preheater, a bag filter, and a dust collection tower connected in series.

[0025] Preferably, the system of the present invention further includes a water supply system for supplying water to a steam boiler, the water supply system including a water storage tank, a deaerator pump, and a thermal deaerator, the thermal deaerator being connected to the steam boiler via a water supply pipe.

[0026] Preferably, the water supply pipe is first connected to the economizer for heat exchange, and then connected to the steam boiler.

[0027] Preferably, the system of the present invention further includes a steam distribution system connected to the high-temperature steam outlet of the steam boiler, wherein one of the steam outlets of the steam distribution system is connected to a thermal deaerator via a steam delivery pipe.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include:

[0029] 1) The system of the present invention sets up a monitoring zone on the biomass gasifier and collects thermal images of the monitoring zone using an infrared thermal imager and sends them to the thermal image processing module. The thermal images can intuitively reflect the temperature distribution of each reaction layer in the biomass gasifier. Based on the temperature distribution information and the working temperature range of the oxidation layer, reduction layer, pyrolysis layer and drying layer, the reaction layer analysis module can identify and divide the reaction layers in the monitoring zone, obtain the real-time position data of each reaction layer in the monitoring zone and calculate the real-time area ratio of each reaction layer in the monitoring zone. This solves the problem in the prior art that it is difficult to monitor the working parameters of the reaction layers in the biomass gasifier in real time under relatively closed conditions.

[0030] 2) The system of the present invention is connected to the feeding device, microwave drying device, ash discharge device and air supply device by setting up an intelligent control module. The intelligent control module can issue corresponding instructions according to the real-time position data and time-area ratio of the reaction layer, thereby controlling the feeding device and ash discharge device to perform feeding and ash discharge operations respectively, and controlling the air supply device and microwave drying device to adjust the working parameters to adjust the air intake of the biomass gasifier and the moisture content of the biomass raw materials. This not only improves the intelligence and automation of the biomass gasification heating system, but also helps to improve the energy efficiency of the biomass gasifier and improve the quality of the biomass gas produced. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view at point AA;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the identification and division of the reaction layer in the monitoring area;

[0034] Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating the analysis and calculation of the upward shift of the starting position of the oxide layer;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a preferred structure of the system of the present invention;

[0036] The meanings of the labels in the above diagrams are as follows: exhaust gas treatment system 1, SCR reactor 101, economizer 102, air preheater 103, dust removal tower 104, bag filter 105, biomass gasification furnace 2, monitoring area 201, air supply device 202, insulation layer 203, water supply system 3, water storage tank 301, deaerator pump 302, thermal deaerator 303, water supply pipe 304, steam distribution system 4, steam transmission pipe 401, feeding device 5, microwave drying device 6, steam boiler 7, burner 701, infrared thermal imager 8, thermal image processing module 9, biomass gas pipeline 10, ordinary gas transmission pipe 11, ash removal device 12, solenoid valve 13, reaction layer analysis module 14, intelligent control module 15.

[0037] Specific real-time methods

[0038] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the following embodiments are merely illustrative examples of the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. The described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] This embodiment provides a biomass gasification intelligent heating system based on reaction layer thermal imaging, including a biomass gasifier 2, a steam boiler 7 connected to the biomass gas outlet of the biomass gasifier 2, a feeding device 5 for conveying dried biomass raw materials to the top of the biomass gasifier 2, an ash discharge device 12 for discharging ash from the top of the biomass gasifier 2, an infrared thermal imager 8, a microwave drying device 6, a thermal image processing module 9, a reaction layer analysis module 14, and an intelligent control module 15.

[0040] The steam boiler 7 is a commonly used steam boiler in the prior art;

[0041] The feeding device 5 is a belt conveyor, and the discharge end of the feeding device 5 is connected to the feed inlet at the top of the biomass gasification furnace 2.

[0042] The ash discharge device 12 adopts screw ash discharge and is installed in the ash discharge port on one side of the bottom of the biomass gasifier 2;

[0043] The biomass gasifier 2 adopts a fixed-bed furnace body structure commonly used in the prior art. A monitoring area 201 is set on the furnace body surface along its height direction. The furnace body surface where the monitoring area 201 is located is exposed without a heat insulation layer 203, so that the monitoring area 201 can accurately reflect the temperature distribution inside the biomass gasifier 2. An air supply device 202 is set at the bottom of the biomass gasifier 2. Air is supplied into the biomass gasifier 2 as a gasifying agent through the air supply device 202 to provide oxygen for the reaction inside the biomass gasifier 2, so as to ensure the quality of the biomass gas produced and the system energy efficiency.

[0044] The infrared thermal imager 8 is positioned facing the monitoring area 201. The infrared thermal imager 8 can convert the invisible infrared energy emitted by the monitoring area 201 into a visible thermal image. Different colors in the thermal image represent different temperatures of the measured area. Therefore, the infrared thermal imager 8 of this invention can acquire thermal images of the monitoring area 201 in real time and send them to the thermal image processing module 9. In this embodiment, the infrared thermal imager 8 can be an FD300A online infrared thermal imager with an accuracy of 2℃ and a measurement range of -20 to 1600℃. The detector is uncooled.

[0045] The microwave drying device 6 is connected to the feeding device 5 and is used to microwave dry the biomass raw materials. In this embodiment, the microwave drying device 6 is a tunnel-type microwave drying device commonly used in the prior art, which can be reasonably selected according to the biomass raw material processing capacity of the biomass gasifier 2.

[0046] The thermal image processing module 9 is communicatively connected to the infrared thermal imager 8 and the reaction layer analysis module 14; the thermal image processing module 9 is used to calculate the temperature distribution information on the monitoring area 201 based on the thermal image analysis of the monitoring area 201 and send it to the reaction layer analysis module 14.

[0047] The reaction layer analysis module 14 is communicatively connected to the intelligent control module 15. The reaction layer analysis module 14 is used to identify and divide the monitoring area 201 into reaction layers based on temperature distribution information and the operating temperature ranges of the oxide layer, reduction layer, pyrolysis layer, and drying layer. It also obtains real-time position data of each reaction layer within the monitoring area 201 and calculates the real-time area ratio of each reaction layer within the monitoring area 201. The reaction layers include an oxide layer, a reduction layer, a pyrolysis layer, and a drying layer. The real-time area ratio of each reaction layer is the ratio of its real-time area within the monitoring area 201 to the area of ​​the monitoring area 201. For ease of understanding, the operating temperature ranges of each reaction layer in the prior art are as follows:

[0048] Drying layer, 100-300℃;

[0049] Pyrolysis layer, 300-600℃;

[0050] Reduction layer, 600-900℃;

[0051] Oxide layer, 900-1200℃;

[0052] Based on the above, the thermal image of the monitoring area 201 acquired in real time by the infrared thermal imager 8 is as follows: Figure 3 As shown in Figure a, the thermal image processing module 9, according to... Figure 3 The thermal image shown in figure a is used to analyze and calculate the temperature distribution information in monitoring area 201. Figure 3 As shown in b, the reaction layer analysis module 14, based on the temperature distribution information and the working temperature range of the reaction layer, identifies and divides the monitoring area 201 into an oxide layer, a reduction layer, a pyrolysis layer, and a drying layer in real time. The real-time area ratio of each reaction zone calculated by the reaction layer analysis module 14, the location division results of each reaction zone, the real-time location information of each reaction zone, and the real-time area ratio results of each reaction zone are shown in the figure. Figure 3 As shown in c: the drying layer is the OPLK region, accounting for 45% of the real-time area; the pyrolysis layer is the LKGH region, accounting for 28% of the real-time area; the reduction layer is the GHEF region, accounting for 27% of the real-time area; and the oxidation layer is the EFCD region, accounting for 12% of the real-time area.

[0053] The intelligent control module 15 is communicatively connected to the feeding device, microwave drying device, ash discharge device and air supply device.

[0054] The intelligent control module 15 includes: a function to compare the real-time area ratio of each reaction zone with a set threshold, and then issue parameter adjustment commands to control the system's operating parameters; specifically:

[0055] When the real-time area ratio of the oxide layer is lower than the set threshold, a parameter control command is issued to control the air supply device 202 to increase the air volume supplied to the bottom of the biomass gasifier 2; conversely, the air volume supplied to the bottom of the biomass gasifier 2 is reduced. For example, when the biomass gasifier 2 is working normally, the area ratio of the oxide layer is usually 5%-15%. When the real-time area ratio of the oxide layer is lower than 5%, a parameter control command is issued to control the air supply device 202 to increase the air volume supplied to the bottom of the biomass gasifier 2; when the real-time area ratio of the oxide layer is higher than 15%, the air volume supplied to the bottom of the biomass gasifier 2 is reduced.

[0056] When the real-time area ratio of the drying layer is higher than the set threshold, a parameter control command is issued to control the microwave drying device 6 to increase the microwave power to reduce the moisture content of the biomass raw material after drying; conversely, the microwave power is reduced. For example, when the biomass gasifier 2 is working normally, the area ratio of the drying layer is usually 30%-50%. When the real-time area ratio of the drying layer is higher than 50%, a parameter control command is issued to control the microwave drying device 6 to increase the microwave power to reduce the moisture content of the biomass raw material after drying. When the real-time area ratio of the drying layer is lower than 30%, a parameter control command is issued to control the microwave drying device 6 to decrease the microwave power to increase the moisture content of the biomass raw material after drying.

[0057] The intelligent control module 15 further includes: a tool for analyzing and calculating real-time positional data changes of the oxide layer and the drying layer, and then issuing material control commands to control the feeding device 5 to feed material or the ash discharging device 12 to discharge ash, specifically:

[0058] When the upward movement of the starting position of the oxide layer exceeds a set threshold, a material control command is issued to control the ash discharge device 12 to discharge the ash from the bottom of the biomass gasification furnace 2; for example, such as Figure 4 As shown, the intelligent control module 15 determines the upward movement of the initial position of the oxide layer based on the real-time position data of the oxide layer in the following way: When the biomass gasifier is fully loaded with biomass fuel and has just started working without ash or slag production, the starting point is the bottom edge AB of the monitoring area 201. The distance from the starting position C0D0 of the oxide layer to the edge AB is n1. After the biomass gasifier has been working normally for a period of time, the position of the oxide layer rises due to the accumulation of ash and slag at the bottom of the oxide layer. The starting position of the oxide layer changes, and the changed starting position is recorded as C1D1. The distance from the starting position C1D1 to the edge AB is n2. The difference between n2 and n1 represents the upward movement of the starting position of the oxide layer.

[0059] When the starting position of the drying layer moves down by more than a set threshold, a material control command is issued to control the feeding device 5 to start feeding material to the top of the biomass gasifier 2. Similarly, the intelligent control module 15 can determine the starting position of the drying layer by means of the above method based on the real-time position data of the drying layer.

[0060] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the monitoring area 201 is columnar in shape to facilitate obtaining regular thermal images; the width of the monitoring area 201 is 15-20 cm to reduce the heat loss of the monitoring area 201 to the biomass gasifier 2; and the height of the monitoring area 201 covers the stacking height of the biomass gasifier 2 when it is fully loaded with biomass fuel, so that the thermal image of the monitoring area 201 can show the temperature distribution of all reaction layers in the entire biomass gasifier 2.

[0061] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, please refer to Figure 5 The steam boiler 7 has two burners 701 on one side of its furnace. One burner 701 is connected to the biomass gas outlet of the biomass gasifier 2 via a biomass gas pipeline 10, and the other burner 701 is connected to the municipal gas pipeline network via a common gas supply pipe 11. Both the biomass gas pipeline 10 and the common gas supply pipe 11 are equipped with solenoid valves 13. Based on this configuration, when the biomass gasifier 2 needs to be shut down for maintenance or stops working due to a malfunction, the solenoid valve 13 on the common gas supply pipe 11 can be opened to use common gas as fuel for the steam boiler 7, ensuring a continuous supply of high-temperature steam. Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the intelligent control module 9 also includes a... The system identifies the number of reaction layers. When the number of reaction layers is less than 4, it issues a command to close the solenoid valve 12 on the biomass gas pipeline 10 and open the solenoid valve 13 on the ordinary gas transmission pipe 11. Normally, when the number of reaction layers identified in the monitoring area 201 is less than 4, it indicates that the biomass gasifier 2 is malfunctioning. At this time, it cannot form high-quality qualified biomass gas, or the biomass gasifier 2 is short of biomass raw materials. At this time, it is necessary to stop the machine for maintenance or replenish biomass raw materials. In this case, the system can automatically identify and judge to close the solenoid valve 12 on the biomass gas pipeline 10 and open the solenoid valve 13 on the ordinary gas transmission pipe 11, thereby ensuring the continuous operation of the steam boiler 7.

[0062] To ensure that the system's exhaust emissions meet standards and prevent environmental pollution, further, in a preferred embodiment, please refer to... Figure 5 The system of the present invention also includes a tail gas treatment system 1 for purifying and discharging the tail gas of the steam boiler 7. The tail gas treatment system 1 includes an SCR reactor 101, an economizer 102, an air preheater 103, a bag filter 105, and a dust removal tower 104 connected in series.

[0063] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, please refer to Figure 5 The system of the present invention also includes a water supply system 3 for supplying water to the steam boiler 7. The water supply system 3 includes a demineralized water tank 301, a deoxygenated water pump 302, and a thermal deaerator 303. The thermal deaerator 303 is connected to the steam boiler 7 through a water supply pipe 304, and a water pump is installed on the water supply pipe 304. The demineralized water tank 301 is used to store treated high-purity demineralized water to provide a continuous and stable source of makeup water for the boiler. The deoxygenated water pump 302 is used to pressurize and transport the demineralized water in the demineralized water tank 301 to the thermal deaerator 303. The thermal deaerator 303 uses steam heating to discharge dissolved oxygen and other gases from the water to prevent corrosion of pipes and boiler equipment. The water deoxygenated by the thermal deaerator 303 is sent to the steam boiler 7 through the water supply pipe 304.

[0064] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, please refer to Figure 5 The water supply pipe 304 is first connected to the economizer 102 for heat exchange, and then connected to the steam boiler 7, so as to heat the water sent into the steam boiler 7 and realize the reuse of the heat of the exhaust gas.

[0065] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, please refer to Figure 5 The system of the present invention also includes a steam distribution system 4 connected to the high-temperature steam outlet of the steam boiler 7. One of the steam outlets of the steam distribution system 4 is connected to the thermal deaerator 303 via a steam delivery pipe 401 to provide high-temperature steam to the thermal deaerator 303.

Claims

1. A biomass gasification intelligent heating system based on reaction layer thermal imaging, comprising a biomass gasifier, a steam boiler connected to the biomass gas outlet of the biomass gasifier, a feeding device for conveying dried biomass feedstock to the top of the biomass gasifier, and an ash discharge device for discharging ash from the top of the biomass gasifier, characterized in that... Also includes: Infrared thermal imager, microwave drying device, thermal image processing module, reaction layer analysis module and intelligent control module; The biomass gasifier has a monitoring area set along its height on the surface of the furnace body. The surface of the furnace body where the monitoring area is located is exposed without an insulation layer. An air supply device is set at the bottom of the biomass gasifier. The infrared thermal imager is positioned facing the monitoring area to collect thermal images of the monitoring area in real time and send them to the central processing unit. The microwave drying device is connected to the feeding device to dry the biomass raw materials transported to the biomass gasification furnace. The thermal image processing module is used to analyze and calculate the temperature distribution information on the monitoring area based on the thermal image of the monitoring area and send it to the reaction layer analysis module. The reaction layer analysis module is used to identify and divide the monitoring area based on temperature distribution information and the working temperature range of the oxide layer, reduction layer, pyrolysis layer and drying layer, and obtain the real-time position data of each reaction layer in the monitoring area. At the same time, it calculates the real-time area ratio of each reaction layer in the monitoring area and sends the real-time position data and real-time area ratio to the intelligent control module. The intelligent control module includes a function to analyze and calculate the changes in real-time position data of the oxide layer and the drying layer, and then issue material control commands to control the feeding device to feed material or the ash discharge device to discharge ash. It is used to compare the real-time area ratio of each reaction zone with the set threshold, and then issue parameter control commands to control the system's working parameters.

2. The biomass gasification intelligent heating system based on reaction layer thermal imaging as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring area is columnar, with a width of 15-20cm, and its height covers the stacking height of the biomass gasifier when it is fully loaded with biomass fuel.

3. The biomass gasification intelligent heating system based on reaction layer thermal imaging as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent control module issues parameter adjustment commands to control the system's operating parameters, specifically: When the real-time area ratio of the oxide layer is lower than the set threshold, a parameter adjustment command is issued to control the air supply device to increase the air volume introduced into the bottom of the biomass gasifier; otherwise, the air volume introduced into the bottom of the biomass gasifier is reduced. When the real-time area ratio of the drying layer is higher than the set threshold, a parameter adjustment command is issued to control the microwave drying device to increase the microwave power to reduce the moisture content of the biomass raw material after drying; otherwise, the microwave power is reduced.

4. The biomass gasification intelligent heating system based on reaction layer thermal imaging as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent control module issues feeding and discharging control commands to control the feeding device to feed materials or the ash discharging device to discharge ash. Specifically: When the starting position of the oxide layer moves up above the set threshold, a material control command is issued to control the ash discharge device to discharge the ash and slag at the bottom of the biomass gasifier. When the starting position of the drying layer moves down beyond the set threshold, a material control command is issued to start the feeding device to feed material to the top of the biomass gasifier.

5. The biomass gasification intelligent heating system based on reaction layer thermal imaging as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Two burners are installed on one side of the furnace of the steam boiler. One burner is connected to the biomass gas outlet of the biomass gasification furnace through a biomass gas pipeline, and the other burner is connected to the municipal gas pipeline network through a regular gas transmission pipe. Both the biomass gas pipeline and the regular gas transmission pipe are equipped with solenoid valves.

6. The biomass gasification intelligent heating system based on reaction layer thermal imaging as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The intelligent control module also includes a function to identify the number of reaction zones. When the number of reaction zones is less than 4, a command is issued to control the solenoid valve of the biomass gas pipeline to close and to control the solenoid valve on the ordinary gas transmission pipe to open.

7. The biomass gasification intelligent heating system based on reaction layer thermal imaging as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a tail gas treatment system for purifying and discharging the exhaust gas from the steam boiler. The tail gas treatment system includes an SCR reactor, an economizer, an air preheater, a bag filter, and a dust collection tower connected in series.

8. The intelligent biomass gasification heating system based on reaction layer thermal imaging as described in claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a water supply system for supplying water to a steam boiler, the water supply system including a water storage tank, a deaerator pump, and a thermal deaerator, the thermal deaerator being connected to the steam boiler via a water supply pipe.

9. The biomass gasification intelligent heating system based on reaction layer thermal imaging as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The water supply pipe is first connected to the economizer for heat exchange, and then connected to the steam boiler.

10. The biomass gasification intelligent heating system based on reaction layer thermal imaging as described in claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a steam distribution system connected to the high-temperature steam outlet of the steam boiler, one of the steam outlets of which is connected to a thermal deaerator via a steam delivery pipe.

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