Multi-area stepless temperature adjusting system and method for high-efficiency solid-state electric heat storage device

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-area stepless temperature adjusting system and method for a high-efficiency solid-state electric heat storage device, and relates to the field of solid-state heat storage. The invention solves the problems of high energy consumption and complex system caused by the fact that a one-to-one mode needs to be adopted for temperature control of different areas in the heat storage device in the prior art. A high-voltage power adjusting device is connected with a high-voltage power grid and adjusts input power according to a received control signal, a plurality of groups of resistive heating devices are arranged in different areas of a heat accumulator respectively, each group of resistive heating device controls heating through a vacuum circuit breaker switching cabinet, and the resistive heating devices heat corresponding hot areas; a temperature sensor is arranged in each heat accumulator area to collect a temperature signal of the corresponding heat area; the central controller receives temperature signals collected by all the temperature sensors, calculates corresponding power and vacuum circuit breaker opening and closing control signals, and sends the control signals to the high-voltage power adjusting device. The method is mainly used for temperature regulation of the solid-state electric heat storage device.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of solid-state heat storage. BACKGROUND

[0002] The solid-state electric heat storage device is an advanced equipment that converts electric energy into heat energy through resistive heating elements and stores it in heat storage bodies (such as magnesium bricks, ceramic bricks, etc.) during off-peak hours or when there is excess renewable energy, and releases the heat energy stably when needed. The core heating part is usually composed of multiple groups of independently arranged resistive heaters (such as alloy heating wires) to achieve uniform and efficient heating of the large heat storage body.

[0003] Currently, to achieve accurate temperature control of different regions inside the heat storage device, ensure uniform heat field of the heat storage body, and maximize the heat storage efficiency, the mainstream solution is to use a "one-to-one" mode, that is, to equip each group of resistive heaters with an independent high-voltage and large-capacity power regulating device. Although this solution can achieve continuous stepless adjustment and high-precision control of the temperature of each region, it has the following fatal shortcomings:

[0004] (1) Extremely high equipment cost: multiple high-voltage power regulating devices are the most expensive components in the system, and their number is proportional to the number of heating groups, resulting in uncontrollable cost of the entire system.

[0005] (2) Large floor area: multiple large power regulating cabinets require ample installation space, increasing the cost of civil construction.

[0006] (3) Complex system, relatively low reliability: the use of a large number of power electronic components means an increase in potential failure points, complex system maintenance, and reduced overall operational reliability.

[0007] (4) High energy consumption and heat management pressure: multiple power regulating devices themselves generate considerable heat loss, requiring additional cooling systems, increasing energy consumption and complexity. SUMMARY

[0008] The present application is to solve the problem of high energy consumption and complex system caused by the need to use a one-to-one mode for temperature control of different regions inside the heat storage device, and provides a high-efficiency solid-state electric heat storage device multi-region stepless temperature regulation system and method.

[0009] The first aspect of the present application provides a high-efficiency solid-state electric heat storage device multi-region stepless temperature regulation system, comprising: a central controller, a high-voltage power regulating device, multiple groups of resistive heating devices, a vacuum circuit breaker switching cabinet, and multiple temperature sensors.

[0010] The input end of the high-voltage power regulating device is connected to a high-voltage power grid, and the input power is adjusted according to the received control signal, and the adjusted power is output.

[0011] The common end of the vacuum circuit breaker switching cabinet is connected with the output end of the high-voltage power regulating device, and each output branch of the vacuum circuit breaker switching cabinet is connected with a set of resistive heating devices;

[0012] The multiple sets of resistive heating devices are arranged in different regions of the heat storage body, each region serving as a single heat zone, the input end of each set of resistive heating devices is connected with an output end of the vacuum circuit breaker switching cabinet, and the resistive heating devices are used for converting electric energy into heat energy to heat the corresponding heat zone;

[0013] A temperature sensor is arranged in the corresponding heat zone of each resistive heating device, and the temperature sensor is used for collecting the temperature signal of the corresponding heat zone;

[0014] The central controller receives the temperature signals collected by all the temperature sensors, is internally provided with multiple independent intelligent control channels, each control channel is used for calculating and obtaining the heating power of the corresponding heat zone and the vacuum circuit breaker opening and closing control signal according to the corresponding temperature signal, and the control signal is sent to the high-voltage power regulating device.

[0015] Further, in the application, the temperature sensor is a K-type thermocouple.

[0016] Further, in the application, the multiple independent intelligent control channels internally provided in the central controller all adopt a PID algorithm.

[0017] Further, in the application, the central controller is realized by using a PLC.

[0018] Further, in the application, the high-voltage power regulating device selects a solid-state intelligent power regulating cabinet with a rated voltage of 10 kV and a rated current of 70 A.

[0019] Another aspect of the application provides a multi-region stepless temperature regulation method for a high-efficiency solid-state electric heat storage device, which is realized based on the above system and comprises the following steps:

[0020] According to the application scene requirement and material characteristics of the solid-state electric heat storage device, a heat storage process curve and a corresponding target temperature value are set for each heat zone, and each set of resistive heating devices has a heating duration period and a power-on sequence;

[0021] The system is initialized, the central controller controls the branches of the vacuum circuit breaker switching cabinet to be closed according to the preset power-on sequence, and the actual temperature and the target temperature of the corresponding heat zone are used to calculate the heating power of the set of resistive heating devices at the current time period by using a PID control algorithm, and the output power of the high-voltage power regulating device is regulated and controlled;

[0022] ​After each hot zone is heated once, before heating each hot zone, a thermal inertia dynamic compensation algorithm is used to calculate a compensation power, the compensation power is compared with a calculated current time period The heating powers of the set of resistive heating devices are combined to control the output power of the high-voltage power regulating device.

[0023] Further, in the present application, the method for calculating the compensation power by using the thermal inertia dynamic compensation algorithm is as follows: a temperature decay value is obtained by subtracting the current temperature of the region from the temperature value reached by the last heating of the region, and the compensation power is calculated by using the PID control algorithm based on the temperature decay value.

[0024] Further, in the present application, the central controller monitors the speed of reaching the set value of the temperature of each region in real time, and for the region that cannot reach the target temperature value within the set time period ΔT, the corresponding time period is automatically extended. Further, in the present application, the central controller monitors the speed of reaching the set value of the temperature of each region in real time, and for the region that cannot reach the target temperature value within the set time period ΔT, the corresponding time period is automatically extended.

[0025] Further, in the present application, the central controller controls the branches of the vacuum circuit breaker switching cabinet to be closed according to the preset power-on sequence, and each branch of the vacuum circuit breaker switching cabinet feeds back the closing state to the central controller after being closed. Further, in the present application, the central controller controls the branches of the vacuum circuit breaker switching cabinet to be closed according to the preset power-on sequence, and each branch of the vacuum circuit breaker switching cabinet feeds back the closing state to the central controller after being closed.

[0026] Further, in the present application, if the central controller does not receive the corresponding circuit breaker state feedback within the specified time after controlling the vacuum circuit breaker switching cabinet to be closed, or receives a fault signal from the power regulating device, the central controller controls all branches of the vacuum circuit breaker switching cabinet to be opened, the output power of the high-voltage power regulating device is 0, and an alarm is given.

[0027] The present application only uses one high-voltage power regulating device to replace N devices, the core hardware cost is reduced by more than 60% (taking 1 MW as an example), and has great economic advantages. Through time-sharing multiplexing, independent PID calculation and advanced thermal inertia compensation algorithm, the temperature fluctuation caused by switching control is eliminated, continuous stepless regulation and high-precision temperature control of each region are realized. N-1 high-power power electronic devices are reduced, and the overall system failure rate is significantly reduced. The vacuum circuit breaker with high reliability is used as the switching unit, which has long service life and is maintenance-free. The self-loss of a single power regulating device is much lower than the total loss of multiple devices, the system operation energy consumption is reduced, and the overall heat storage efficiency is improved. Moreover, the overall structure of the system is simple and easy to maintain. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 The present application is a high-efficiency solid-state electric heat storage device multi-region stepless temperature regulation system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of the present application. It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0030] Specific implementation one: reference Figure 1 Specifically, the present application relates to a high-efficiency solid-state electric heat storage device multi-zone stepless temperature regulation system, which comprises a central controller 1, a high-voltage power regulating device 2, a plurality of resistive heating devices 4, a vacuum circuit breaker switching cabinet 3 and a plurality of temperature sensors 5.

[0031] The input end of the high-voltage power regulating device 2 is connected to a high-voltage power grid, and the input power is adjusted according to the received control signal, and the adjusted power is output.

[0032] The plurality of resistive heating devices 4 are arranged in different regions of the heat storage body, and each region serves as a separate hot zone. The input end of each resistive heating device 4 is connected to an output end of the vacuum circuit breaker switching cabinet 3. The resistive heating device 4 is used to convert electrical energy into heat energy, and heat the corresponding hot zone.

[0033] The common end of the vacuum circuit breaker switching cabinet 3 is connected to the output end of the high-voltage power regulating device 2, and each output branch of the vacuum circuit breaker switching cabinet 3 is connected to a resistive heating device 4.

[0034] Each resistive heating device 4 is provided with a temperature sensor 5 in the corresponding hot zone, and the temperature sensor 5 is used to collect the temperature signal of the corresponding hot zone.

[0035] The central controller 1 receives the temperature signals collected by all the temperature sensors 5, and is provided with a plurality of independent intelligent control channels. Each control channel is used to calculate the heating power of the corresponding hot zone and the vacuum circuit breaker opening and closing control signal according to the corresponding temperature signal, and send the control signal to the high-voltage power regulating device 2.

[0036] Further, in the present application, the temperature sensor 5 is a K-type thermocouple.

[0037] Further, in the present application, the plurality of independent intelligent control channels in the central controller all adopt PID algorithm.

[0038] Further, in the present application, the central controller is realized by PLC.

[0039] Furthermore, in this invention, the high-voltage power regulation device 2 is a solid-state intelligent power regulation cabinet with a rated voltage of 10kV and a rated current of 70A.

[0040] Specific Implementation Method Two: This implementation method provides a multi-zone stepless temperature regulation method for a high-efficiency solid-state electric thermal storage device. This method is based on the system described in Specific Implementation Method One and includes:

[0041] Based on the application scenarios and material properties of the solid-state electric thermal storage device, a thermal storage process curve and a corresponding target temperature value are set for each hot zone; each group of resistive heating devices has 4 heating duration segments. and the power-on sequence;

[0042] During system initialization, the central controller 1 controls the branch circuits of the vacuum circuit breaker switching cabinet to close according to the preset power-on sequence, and adjusts the heating duration according to the heating duration of each group of resistive heating devices 4. Based on the actual temperature and target temperature of the corresponding hot zone, the PID control algorithm is used to calculate the current time period. The heating power of the resistive heating device 4 is used to regulate the output power of the high-voltage power regulating device 2;

[0043] After each hot zone is heated once, before heating each hot zone, a thermal inertia dynamic compensation algorithm is used to calculate the compensation power, and the compensation power is compared with the calculated current time period. The heating power of the internal resistive heating device 4 is combined with the output power of the high-voltage power regulating device 2 to regulate the power output.

[0044] Furthermore, in this invention, the thermal inertia dynamic compensation algorithm is used to calculate the compensation power as follows: the difference between the current temperature of the region and the temperature value reached by the region during the last heating is used to obtain the temperature decay value, and the compensation power is calculated using the temperature decay value and a PID control algorithm.

[0045] Furthermore, in this invention, the central controller monitors in real time the rate at which the temperature in each area reaches the set value. For areas that cannot reach the target temperature value within a set time period ΔT, the controller automatically adjusts the corresponding time period. Extend it.

[0046] Furthermore, in this invention, the central controller 1 controls the closing of the branches of the vacuum circuit breaker switching cabinet according to a preset power-on sequence. After each branch of the vacuum circuit breaker switching cabinet 3 is closed, it feeds back the closing status to the central controller 1. During the duration... Then, the branch circuit of the control vacuum circuit breaker switching cabinet 3 is disconnected.

[0047] Furthermore, in this invention, if the central controller 1 does not receive corresponding circuit breaker status feedback or a fault signal from the power adjustment device within a specified time after the branch of the vacuum circuit breaker switching cabinet 3 that was closed is opened, all branches of the vacuum circuit breaker switching cabinet 3 of the central controller 1 are opened, the power output of the high-voltage power adjustment device 2 is 0, and an alarm is triggered.

[0048] The system of the present invention includes: a high-voltage power regulation device: as the core power regulation unit, its input terminal is connected to the high-voltage power grid (such as 10kV), and its output power can be continuously and steplessly adjusted within a wide range (0% to 100%).

[0049] Multiple sets of resistive heating devices are arranged in different areas of the heat storage body, serving as the core execution unit for converting electrical energy into heat energy.

[0050] Vacuum circuit breaker switching cabinet: As a power distribution unit, its common terminal is connected to the output terminal of the high-voltage power regulating device, and its multiple output branches are respectively connected to each group of resistive heating devices. Vacuum circuit breakers have high breaking capacity, long electrical life and extremely high reliability, and are suitable for frequent operation.

[0051] Multiple temperature sensors: A temperature sensor (such as a K-type thermocouple) is installed in the heat storage area corresponding to each group of resistive heating devices to collect the temperature signal of the area in real time.

[0052] Central Controller: As the control hub, it receives feedback signals from all temperature sensors, has multiple independent intelligent control algorithms (such as PID algorithm) built-in, and outputs multiple control signals: one for setting the instantaneous output power of the high-voltage power regulating device, and multiple for controlling the opening and closing status of multiple vacuum circuit breakers to realize channel switching.

[0053] The specific steps of the control method are as follows:

[0054] Step 1: System Initialization and Parameter Setting: The system is powered on, the central controller starts, and completes the hardware self-test;

[0055] Set up a heat storage process curve and set an independent target temperature value for each heating zone.

[0056] Set a total scanning cycle and distribute this cycle sequentially to N heating areas. Assign a power supply time period to each area. The time periods can be equal or weighted according to the differences in thermal inertia of each area.

[0057] Step 2: Time-sharing cyclic scanning and channel switching: The central controller generates control commands according to the preset rotation sequence (e.g., 1→2→3→...→N→1...) to drive the vacuum circuit breaker switching cabinet to operate.

[0058] When the i-th branch of the vacuum circuit breaker closes, the output power of the high-voltage power regulating device is directed to the i-th group of resistive heating devices, initiating power supply and heating for that group. This state lasts for a period of time. .

[0059] Step 3: Real-time temperature sampling and power calculation: During the power supply period of the i-th group of heaters Inside, the central controller performs the following operations:

[0060] a. Temperature feedback acquisition: Read the temperature value of the thermocouple installed in the i-th region;

[0061] b. Deviation calculation and intelligent adjustment: The actual temperature collected is compared with the target temperature of the area to obtain the temperature deviation.

[0062] c. Stepless power setting: The deviation value is fed into the PID control algorithm configured specifically for this region to calculate a current required power percentage in real time.

[0063] d. Power Output: The central controller converts the power value into an analog signal (e.g., 4-20mA) and sends it to the high-voltage power regulator. The power regulator responds immediately, supplying power to the currently connected i-th group of resistive heating devices at its output terminal as a percentage of the input power.

[0064] Step 4: Thermal Inertia Dynamic Compensation and Power Smoothing: To overcome the intermittent heating problem caused by time-sharing control, the central controller has a built-in thermal inertia dynamic compensation algorithm:

[0065] Based on the current temperature deviation (the current temperature and the temperature reached during the last heating), the temperature change trend and thermal decay prediction value of the region are also introduced to compensate for the output power in advance, effectively suppressing temperature fluctuations and achieving a smooth temperature curve with near-continuous control.

[0066] The power change rate limiting function is adopted to avoid power command jumps during switching, thus protecting the power regulation device and heater.

[0067] Step 5: Cyclic Execution and Dynamic Optimization: After the power supply period of group i ends, the central controller issues a command to open the i-th vacuum circuit breaker, and then controls the i+1-th vacuum circuit breaker to close, switching the power output to the next group of heaters.

[0068] Repeat steps three and four for the next group of heaters.

[0069] This process is repeated continuously to achieve periodic scanning and independent power control of all N groups of heaters.

[0070] Dynamic time period adjustment (optional): The central controller monitors in real time the speed at which the temperature of each area reaches the set value. For areas with large temperature deviations, the power supply time of the next cycle can be automatically extended or the power percentage can be increased to prioritize and enhance heating. Once the temperature approaches the target value, the normal scanning sequence will be restored, thereby achieving rapid and balanced global temperature control.

[0071] In an example, a 10kV / 1MW solid-state electric thermal energy storage device has a heating system divided into 6 independent zones.

[0072] High-voltage power regulation device: Select a solid-state intelligent power regulation cabinet with a rated voltage of 10kV and a rated current of 70A.

[0073] Switching unit: Select a 6-circuit high-voltage vacuum contactor cabinet (or vacuum circuit breaker) with a rated current of 400A.

[0074] Central controller: A high-performance PLC is selected, equipped with an analog input module (for acquiring thermocouple signals) and an analog output module (for controlling the power regulator), and runs the control algorithm of this invention.

[0075] The scan cycle is set to 360 seconds, with an average of 60 seconds of power supply time allocated to each area.

[0076] During system operation, the PLC sequentially and cyclically controls the on / off states of six vacuum contactors. Within each 60-second time slot, the PLC reads the temperature of the corresponding area, performs PID calculations, and controls the power control cabinet to output the calculated power value in real time. Through a thermal inertia compensation algorithm, it ensures that the temperature in each area rises steadily, with uniformity controlled within ±5℃, fully meeting the process requirements.

[0077] Abnormal Handling: If the controller does not receive the corresponding circuit breaker status feedback within the specified time after issuing the command (such as closing timeout), or receives a fault signal from the power regulating device (such as overcurrent or overheating), the system will immediately start the fault handling procedure: block all outputs, reset the power regulating device power command to zero, disconnect all vacuum circuit breakers, enter a safe state, and sound an alarm.

[0078] While the invention has been described herein with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that these embodiments are merely examples of the principles and applications of the invention. Therefore, it should be understood that many modifications can be made to the exemplary embodiments, and other arrangements can be designed without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that different dependent claims and features described herein can be combined in ways different from those described in the original claims. It is also understood that features described in conjunction with individual embodiments can be used in other described embodiments.

Claims

1. A multi-zone stepless temperature regulation system for a high-efficiency solid-state electric thermal storage device, characterized in that, include: Central controller (1), high voltage power regulating device (2), multiple sets of resistive heating devices (4), vacuum circuit breaker switching cabinet (3) and multiple temperature sensors (5); The input terminal of the high voltage power regulating device (2) is connected to the high voltage power grid. It adjusts the input power according to the received control signal and outputs the adjusted power. The common terminal of the vacuum circuit breaker switching cabinet (3) is connected to the output terminal of the high voltage power regulating device (2), and each output branch of the vacuum circuit breaker switching cabinet (3) is connected to a set of resistive heating devices (4). Multiple sets of resistive heating devices (4) are arranged in different areas of the heat storage body. Each area is a separate hot zone. The input end of each set of resistive heating devices (4) is connected to one output end of the vacuum circuit breaker switching cabinet (3). The resistive heating devices (4) are used to convert electrical energy into heat energy and heat the corresponding hot zone. Each resistive heating device (4) has a temperature sensor (5) installed in its corresponding hot zone. The temperature sensors (5) are used to collect the temperature signal of the corresponding hot zone. The central controller (1) receives temperature signals collected by all temperature sensors (5) and has multiple independent intelligent control channels built in. Each control channel is used to calculate the heating power of the corresponding hot zone and the opening and closing control signal of the vacuum circuit breaker according to the corresponding temperature signal, and sends the control signal to the high voltage power regulating device (2).

2. The high-efficiency solid-state electric thermal storage device multi-zone stepless temperature regulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature sensor (5) is a K-type thermocouple.

3. A multi-zone stepless temperature regulation system for a high-efficiency solid-state electric thermal storage device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The central controller (1) has multiple independent intelligent control channels built in, all of which use the PID algorithm.

4. The multi-zone stepless temperature regulation system for a high-efficiency solid-state electric thermal storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central controller (1) is implemented using a PLC.

5. The high-efficiency solid-state electric thermal storage device multi-zone stepless temperature regulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high voltage power regulation device (2) uses a solid-state intelligent power regulation cabinet with a rated voltage of 10kV and a rated current of 70A.

6. A method for multi-zone stepless temperature regulation of a high-efficiency solid-state electric thermal storage device, the method being implemented based on the system described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that... The method includes: Based on the application scenario requirements and material properties of the solid-state electric thermal storage device, a thermal storage process curve and a corresponding target temperature value are set for each thermal zone; the heating duration of each group of resistive heating devices (4) is as follows: and the power-on sequence; During system initialization, the central controller (1) controls the branch circuits of the vacuum circuit breaker switching cabinet to close according to the preset power-on sequence, and determines the heating duration of each group of resistive heating devices (4). Based on the actual temperature and target temperature of the corresponding hot zone, the PID control algorithm is used to calculate the current time period. The heating power of the resistive heating device (4) is used to regulate the output power of the high-voltage power regulating device (2); After each hot zone is heated once, before heating each hot zone, a thermal inertia dynamic compensation algorithm is used to calculate the corresponding compensation power, and the compensation power is compared with the calculated current time period. The heating power of the resistive heating device (4) is combined to regulate the output power of the high voltage power regulating device (2).

7. The multi-zone stepless temperature regulation method for a high-efficiency solid-state electric thermal storage device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The thermal inertia dynamic compensation algorithm is used to calculate the compensation power as follows: the difference between the current temperature of the area and the temperature reached by the previous heating of the area is used to obtain the temperature decay value. The compensation power is calculated using the temperature decay value and a PID control algorithm.

8. The multi-zone stepless temperature regulation method for a high-efficiency solid-state electric thermal storage device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The central controller also monitors in real time how quickly the temperature in each area reaches the set value for a given time period. For areas where the target temperature cannot be reached, the corresponding time period will be automatically adjusted. Extend it.

9. The multi-zone stepless temperature regulation method for a high-efficiency solid-state electric thermal storage device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The central controller (1) controls the branch circuits of the vacuum circuit breaker switching cabinets to close according to the preset power-on sequence. After the branch circuit of each vacuum circuit breaker switching cabinet (3) is closed, it feeds back the closing status to the central controller (1) during the duration period. Then, the branch disconnection command of the control vacuum circuit breaker switching cabinet (3) is issued.

10. A multi-zone stepless temperature regulation method for a high-efficiency solid-state electric thermal storage device according to claim 9, characterized in that, If the central controller (1) does not receive the corresponding circuit breaker status feedback or the fault signal from the power adjustment device within a specified time after the closed branch of the vacuum circuit breaker switching cabinet (3) is opened, the central controller (1) controls all branches of the vacuum circuit breaker switching cabinet (3) to be opened, the power output of the high voltage power adjustment device (2) is 0, and an alarm is triggered.

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