Lacrimation composition and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a lacrimation composition and a preparation method of the lacrimation composition, and the lacrimation composition comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.5-1.5 parts of capsaicin; 5 to 10 parts of capsicum oleoresin; 80 to 90 parts of a preservative; 0.1 to 0.2 part of a thickening agent; and 1 to 1.3 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol. By adding more preservatives and a proper amount of thickeners into the lacrimation composition, the long-term storage stability and reliability of the lacrimation composition can be improved, and then the storage life of the lacrimation composition is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of riot control equipment technology, and in particular to tear gas compositions and methods for preparing tear gas compositions. Background Technology

[0002] Lacrimal is a lacrimal irritant that primarily irritates the eyes, respiratory tract, and skin, causing severe eye pain, tearing, coughing, headache, and burning sensation on the skin. It is widely used in police riot control.

[0003] In related technologies, tear gas generally consists of irritants and solvents, and the irritants mainly use natural substances such as oleoresin capsicum (OC) and capsaicin. These natural substances have a strong pain-stimulating effect on the human body and do not cause permanent damage.

[0004] However, natural substances such as capsaicin and capsaicin are chemically unstable and their irritant properties are easily reduced due to oxidation and decomposition during long-term storage. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main technical problem addressed by this application is to provide a tear gas composition and a method for preparing the tear gas composition, which can solve the problem that tear gas prepared by related technologies cannot be stored stably for a long time.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the first technical solution adopted in this application is to provide a tear gas composition comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: capsaicin, 0.5 to 1.5 parts; capsicum oleoresin, 5 to 10 parts; preservative, 80 to 90 parts; thickener, 0.1 to 0.2 parts; and anhydrous ethanol, 1 to 1.3 parts.

[0007] Among them, capsicum oleoresin includes at least one of capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin, and phenylcapsaicin.

[0008] The preservatives include at least one of propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, benzyl alcohol, and phenylethanol.

[0009] The thickener includes polyethylene; wherein the molecular weight of polyethylene is 500,000 to 2,000,000.

[0010] The tear-inducing composition also includes a fluorescent agent; wherein the fluorescent agent is present in parts by weight of 0.05 to 0.1 parts.

[0011] The lacrimal-inducing composition is used at temperatures ranging from -25°C to 65°C.

[0012] The tear gas composition has a viscosity of 400–600 cps at -20°C.

[0013] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the second technical solution adopted in this application is to provide a method for preparing a tear-inducing composition, comprising: preparing the following raw materials in predetermined weight parts: capsaicin, 0.5-1.5 parts; capsicum oleoresin, 5-10 parts; preservative, 80-90 parts; thickener, 0.1-0.2 parts; anhydrous ethanol, 1-1.3 parts; mixing capsaicin and anhydrous ethanol evenly according to the raw material ratio, adding 30-40 parts of preservative by weight and stirring until evenly mixed to obtain a first solution; adding thickener to the remaining parts of preservative according to the raw material ratio and stirring until evenly mixed to obtain a second solution; mixing the first solution and the second solution and allowing them to stand, adding capsicum oleoresin according to the raw material ratio and stirring until evenly mixed to obtain a third solution; sealing and allowing the third solution to stand to obtain the tear-inducing composition.

[0014] Specifically, the temperature during each stirring session should be controlled at 40–50℃; the stirring speed during each stirring session should be controlled at 700–900 rpm; the stirring time during each session should be controlled at 30–40 min; and the sealing and settling time should be controlled at 24 h.

[0015] The step of mixing the first solution and the second solution and letting them stand, then adding chili oil resin according to the raw material ratio and stirring until a third solution is obtained is included: mixing the first solution and the second solution and letting them stand, then adding chili oil resin according to the raw material ratio and 0.05 to 0.1 parts by weight of fluorescent agent, and stirring until a third solution is obtained.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: Unlike related technologies, this application provides a tear gas composition and a method for preparing the tear gas composition. By adding a large amount of preservative to the tear gas composition, the preservative can encapsulate the tear gas active ingredients such as capsaicin and capsicum oleoresin, significantly reducing the diffusion rate and collision frequency of the tear gas active ingredients and oxygen, thus reducing the oxidation rate and improving the stability of the tear gas active ingredients, thereby improving the stability of the tear gas composition. Furthermore, by adding an appropriate amount of thickener to the tear gas composition, a physical network structure can be formed by the thickener. This physical network structure can support the particles of the tear gas active ingredients, inhibiting the physical sedimentation and stratification of the tear gas active ingredients, and making the tear gas active ingredients evenly distributed, thereby improving the stability and consistency of the tear gas composition. At the same time, the physical network structure formed by the thickener can also slow down the molecular motion of all components (including oxygen and tear gas active ingredients), thereby reducing the diffusion rate of all components in the solvent, thereby further reducing the oxidation rate of the tear gas active ingredients, and thus improving the long-term storage stability and reliability of the tear gas composition. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating one embodiment of the method for preparing the tear gas composition of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] The terminology used in the embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application. The singular forms “a,” “said,” and “the” used in the embodiments of this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms, unless otherwise clearly indicated above. “Multiple” generally includes at least two, but does not exclude the inclusion of at least one.

[0021] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0022] It should be understood that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations used herein are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0023] In related technologies, tear gas generally consists of irritants and solvents, and the irritants mainly use natural substances such as oleoresin capsicum (OC) and capsaicin. These natural substances have a strong pain-stimulating effect on the human body and do not cause permanent damage.

[0024] However, natural substances such as capsaicin and capsaicin are chemically unstable and their irritant properties are easily reduced due to oxidation and decomposition during long-term storage.

[0025] Based on the above, this application provides a tear gas composition and a method for preparing the tear gas composition, which can solve the problem that tear gas prepared by related technologies cannot be stored stably for a long time.

[0026] The tear gas composition provided in this application comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: capsaicin, 0.5 to 1.5 parts; capsicum oleoresin, 5 to 10 parts; preservative, 80 to 90 parts; thickener, 0.1 to 0.2 parts; and anhydrous ethanol, 1 to 1.3 parts.

[0027] The total number of portions of the above components is 100.

[0028] In this system, capsaicin and the thickener are solid powders, while capsaicin oleoresin, the preservative, and anhydrous ethanol are liquids. Anhydrous ethanol is used to dissolve capsaicin, and the preservative serves as the solvent for the entire system, dissolving both the thickener and the initially dissolved capsaicin.

[0029] In this embodiment, capsicum oleoresin and capsaicin are the core and most effective active ingredients in the tear-inducing composition.

[0030] Capsaicin and capsicum oleoresin are natural products that do not easily penetrate human skin. They only have a strong and temporary (usually half an hour to several hours) irritating effect on mucous membranes such as the eyes and mouth, and will not cause permanent damage, making them relatively safe to use.

[0031] Capsicum oleoresin (OC) is a viscous, oily substance extracted from chili peppers using organic solvents (such as ethanol). It contains all the compounds in chili peppers that produce spiciness and other effects.

[0032] Specifically, capsaicinoids are the main components of OC (capsicum oleoresin), which are key to the effectiveness of OC and typically account for 10%-15% of the OC content. Capsaicinoids are responsible for activating the TRPV1 pain receptor in the human body, which can trigger uncontrollable physiological reflexes (such as eye pain, tearing, coughing, etc.).

[0033] Capsaicin, also known as capsaicin, is the main active ingredient in chili peppers that causes the burning and spiciness. It is an alkaloid produced by plants in the Capsicum genus. Capsaicin is a single chemical substance (chemical formula: C). 18 H 27 NO3 can be obtained by further separation and purification from capsaicin oleoresin, or it can be obtained through chemical synthesis. Capsaicin can instantly cause severe pain, burning, tearing, and difficulty breathing in the eyes, respiratory tract, and skin.

[0034] The spiciness of capsaicin is variable, depending on the chili variety, typically ranging from several hundred thousand to 2 million SHU (Scholes index). Capsaicin, on the other hand, has a fixed and extremely high spiciness; pure capsaicin crystals have a spiciness of 16 million SHU, serving as the benchmark for spiciness. Capsaicin is more susceptible to oxidation, decomposition, and deterioration under light, oxygen, and high temperatures. Compared to capsaicin, capsaicin eliminates most of these perishable impurities, resulting in greater chemical stability and a longer shelf life. Furthermore, capsaicin is usually dissolved in a stable, pure solvent, forming a solution with constant viscosity. Even in extreme weather conditions (extreme cold or rapid heating), capsaicin sprays can be consistently applied in the designed pattern (mist, jet, gel) and range, demonstrating extremely high reliability.

[0035] The capsaicin used in this embodiment is a standardized active ingredient obtained by process purification from OC or chemical synthesis.

[0036] Understandably, by using purified / standardized capsaicin, it is possible not only to precisely control the purity and concentration of the lacrimal active ingredient in the tear gas composition, but also to prevent the degradation or precipitation of the lacrimal active ingredient and optimize the spraying effect, thereby improving the component stability, physical stability, performance stability and stability of the tear gas composition, and thus improving the reliability of the tear gas composition.

[0037] In some embodiments, the capsicum oleoresin includes at least one of capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin, and phenylcapsaicin.

[0038] Specifically, capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin primarily irritate mucous membranes such as the mouth and eyes, and cause a burning sensation on the skin. Phenylecapsaicin, chemically known as N-[(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-7-phenyl-6-heptyneamide, specifically refers to an artificial analog obtained by replacing the alkyl tail of natural capsaicin with a phenyl-containing alkynyl tail. Phenylecapsaicin is highly irritating to mucous membranes such as the mouth and eyes, and produces a strong burning sensation on the skin.

[0039] In some embodiments, the amount of capsaicin is 1.0 part by weight. In other embodiments, the amount of capsaicin is 0.5 parts by weight. In still other embodiments, the amount of capsaicin is 1.5 parts by weight.

[0040] In some embodiments, the amount of capsicum oleoresin is 8 parts by weight. In other embodiments, the amount of capsicum oleoresin is 5 parts by weight. In still other embodiments, the amount of capsicum oleoresin is 10 parts by weight.

[0041] Understandably, by making the capsaicin in the tear gas composition 0.5 to 1.5 parts by weight and the capsicum oleoresin 5 to 10 parts by weight, this embodiment can enable the tear gas composition to induce an uncontrollable physiological reflex in the human body in a very short time to effectively stop the opponent's attack behavior. Furthermore, since the irritant effect of the tear gas composition is short-lived and does not cause permanent damage, it can also ensure safety (non-lethality) to the greatest extent.

[0042] Natural substances like capsaicin and capsaicin, when stored for extended periods, experience a decrease in their irritant properties (i.e., the content of their active ingredients) due to oxidation, light exposure, and high temperatures. Oxidation is the primary cause of tear gas inactivation. Capsaicin molecules contain unstable phenolic hydroxyl groups and unsaturated long chains, making them easily oxidized by atmospheric oxygen to form quinones and other compounds, thus losing their irritant properties. The natural oils and pigments in capsaicin are also prone to oxidation and rancidity. Current technologies fail to effectively protect capsaicin and capsaicin, preventing the long-term storage of tear gas.

[0043] Unlike related technologies, in this embodiment, the tear-inducing composition includes 80 to 90 parts by weight of a preservative and 0.1 to 0.2 parts by weight of a thickener.

[0044] In some embodiments, the preservative is present in 80 parts by weight. In other embodiments, the preservative is present in 85 parts by weight. In still other embodiments, the preservative is present in 90 parts by weight.

[0045] In some embodiments, the thickener is 0.1 parts by weight. In other embodiments, the thickener is 0.15 parts by weight. In still other embodiments, the thickener is 0.2 parts by weight.

[0046] In this embodiment, the preservative is a colorless, transparent, or pale yellow liquid. Due to its good solubility and low volatility, it is used as a solvent to dissolve solid components in the tear gas composition. For example, capsaicin and thickeners are both solid powders and need to be dissolved in the preservative (solvent) to form a spray or aerosol.

[0047] Among them, preservatives can inhibit or kill microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, molds), prevent product spoilage, and a larger dose of preservatives can create a high viscosity and high concentration environment, and encapsulate the lachrymatory active ingredients such as capsaicin and capsicum oleoresin, so as to significantly reduce the diffusion rate and collision frequency of capsaicin molecules and trace amounts of oxygen that may be present, thereby slowing down the oxidation reaction in terms of kinetics and thus improving the stability of the lachrymatory active ingredients.

[0048] In some embodiments, the preservative includes at least one of propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, benzyl alcohol, and phenylethanol.

[0049] This section uses benzyl alcohol as an example to specifically analyze the role of preservatives in tear gas compositions. Benzyl alcohol is the main solvent for dissolving capsaicin and capsaicin oleoresin. Benzyl alcohol can inhibit or kill microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, molds), preventing product spoilage. Furthermore, high concentrations of benzyl alcohol create a high-viscosity and high-concentration environment that can encapsulate capsaicin and capsaicin oleoresin, significantly reducing the diffusion rate and collision frequency of capsaicin molecules and any trace amounts of oxygen present, thereby kinetically slowing down the oxidation reaction.

[0050] Furthermore, benzyl alcohol also has certain antioxidant activity. In the sealed environment where the tear gas composition is stored, the antioxidant effect of a high concentration of benzyl alcohol is sufficient to reduce the probability of capsaicin and capsicum oleoresin being oxidized.

[0051] In this embodiment, the thickener is a solid powder, which, after being dissolved in the solvent formed by the preservative, can form a three-dimensional network structure.

[0052] Both capsaicin and capsaicin are hydrophobic substances, while most tear gas sprays in related technologies use hydrophilic bases (such as water and alcohol). Oil and water are immiscible, and even with the addition of emulsifiers, after prolonged standing, the denser OC particles and capsaicin molecules tend to gradually settle to the bottom of the container, leading to component separation and uneven distribution.

[0053] Unlike related technologies, this embodiment adds an appropriate amount of thickener to the tear gas composition. The three-dimensional network structure formed by the thickener supports and fixes OC particles and capsaicin molecules, slowing down or even completely preventing their gravitational sedimentation. This inhibits the physical sedimentation and stratification of the active tear gas ingredient, ensuring its uniform distribution throughout the composition and improving its stability and consistency. Simultaneously, the physical network structure formed by the thickener also slows down the molecular motion of all components (including oxygen and the active tear gas ingredient), reducing their diffusion rate in the solvent and further decreasing the oxidation rate of the active tear gas ingredient, thereby further improving the stability and reliability of the tear gas composition.

[0054] In some embodiments, the thickener includes polyethylene, and the molecular weight of the polyethylene is 500,000 to 2,000,000.

[0055] In some embodiments, the molecular weight of polyethylene is 500,000. In other embodiments, the molecular weight of polyethylene is 1 million. In still other embodiments, the molecular weight of polyethylene is 2 million.

[0056] This section uses polyethylene as an example to analyze the role of thickeners in tear gas compositions. When polyethylene is dissolved in a non-polar preservative, its molecular chains expand and swell. These swollen, ultra-long molecular chains intertwine and interpenetrate, forming a three-dimensional physical network structure similar to a sponge within the system. This network effectively encapsulates and locks surrounding liquid oil within its pores, significantly increasing the internal friction of the liquid flow. This thickens the system and increases its viscosity. The increased viscosity, in turn, reduces the molecular mobility of all components (including oxygen, capsaicin molecules, and OC particles), effectively creating a stable environment that inhibits kinetic processes. This slows down the rate of chemical reactions, thereby reducing the oxidation rate of the tear gas active ingredient and ultimately improving its stability.

[0057] In some embodiments, the tear-inducing composition further includes a fluorescent agent. The fluorescent agent is present in an amount of 0.05 to 0.1 parts by weight.

[0058] The purpose of adding fluorescent agents to tear gas compositions is not to enhance irritation, but rather for marking and tracking. When the tear gas composition is sprayed onto a person, the fluorescent agents it contains leave colorless or nearly colorless marks on the skin or clothing. When a crowd is quickly scanned using ultraviolet light or fluorescent detectors, those whose bodies emit a specific color of fluorescence are the targets that have been hit by the tear gas composition, allowing for precise identification.

[0059] In this embodiment, the application temperature of the tear-inducing composition is -25 to 65°C.

[0060] In this embodiment, the viscosity of the tear-inducing composition is 400 to 600 cps at -20°C.

[0061] In this embodiment, the viscosity of the tear-inducing composition is 50-100 cps at 20°C.

[0062] Understandably, the tear gas composition provided in this embodiment maintains a viscosity of 400 to 600 cps at extremely low temperatures (-20°C), and the viscosity remains below 600 cps. The tear gas composition has good spray range and diffusion, and therefore can be used in extremely cold regions.

[0063] Unlike related technologies, this embodiment adds a greater amount of preservative to the tear-giving composition. This preservative encapsulates the active tear-giving ingredients, such as capsaicin and capsicum oleoresin, significantly reducing the diffusion rate and collision frequency of the active ingredients and oxygen, thus slowing down oxidation and improving the stability of the active ingredients, and consequently, the stability of the tear-giving composition. Furthermore, by adding an appropriate amount of thickener to the tear-giving composition, a physical network structure is formed. This network structure supports the particles of the active ingredients, inhibiting physical sedimentation and stratification, ensuring uniform distribution of the active ingredients, and thus improving the stability and consistency of the tear-giving composition. Simultaneously, the physical network structure formed by the thickener also slows down the molecular motion of all components (including oxygen and the active ingredients), reducing their diffusion rate in the solvent, further slowing down the oxidation rate of the active ingredients, and thus improving the long-term storage stability and reliability of the tear-giving composition.

[0064] Correspondingly, this application provides a method for preparing a tear-inducing composition.

[0065] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating one embodiment of the method for preparing the tear gas composition of this application. In this embodiment, the method includes:

[0066] S11: Prepare the following raw materials according to the preset weight parts: capsaicin, 0.5-1.5 parts; capsicum oleoresin, 5-10 parts; preservative, 80-90 parts; thickener, 0.1-0.2 parts; anhydrous ethanol, 1-1.3 parts.

[0067] In some embodiments, the raw materials also include 0.05 to 0.1 parts by weight of a fluorescent agent.

[0068] In this embodiment, the total number of the above components is 100.

[0069] In some embodiments, the capsicum oleoresin includes at least one of capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin, and phenylcapsaicin.

[0070] In some embodiments, the preservative includes at least one of propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, benzyl alcohol, and phenylethanol.

[0071] In some embodiments, the thickener includes polyethylene, and the molecular weight of the polyethylene is 500,000 to 2,000,000.

[0072] S12: After mixing capsaicin and anhydrous ethanol evenly according to the raw material ratio, add 30-40 parts by weight of preservative and stir. After stirring evenly, the first solution is obtained.

[0073] In this embodiment, capsaicin and anhydrous ethanol are mixed evenly according to the raw material ratio, and then 30 to 40 parts by weight of preservative are added and stirred. The stirring temperature is controlled at 40 to 50°C, the stirring speed is controlled at 700 to 900 rpm, and the stirring time is controlled at 30 to 40 minutes.

[0074] In some specific embodiments, capsaicin and anhydrous ethanol are mixed evenly according to the raw material ratio, and then added to a preservative of 35 parts by weight. The mixture is stirred at 800 rpm for 40 minutes at 45°C until it is evenly mixed to obtain the first solution.

[0075] Understandably, capsaicin has low solubility in preservatives and does not dissolve directly in them. However, capsaicin has high solubility in alcohols, and preservatives also have good compatibility with alcohols. Therefore, the first step is to mix capsaicin with anhydrous ethanol, which allows capsaicin to be dissolved quickly and completely in anhydrous ethanol, forming a concentrated capsaicin-ethanol solution. The second step is to add the concentrated capsaicin-ethanol solution to the main solvent, the preservative. Anhydrous ethanol and the preservative are completely miscible, allowing the capsaicin molecules to be well dispersed in the solvent system.

[0076] Understandably, by controlling the appropriate rotation speed, reaction temperature, and reaction time, it is possible to ensure uniform mixing, thereby improving the uniformity of capsaicin molecules in the preservative and greatly reducing the probability of precipitation, thus improving the stability of the first solution.

[0077] S13: Add the thickener to the remaining parts by weight of the preservative according to the raw material ratio and stir until uniform to obtain the second solution.

[0078] In this embodiment, the thickener is added to the remaining parts by weight of the preservative according to the raw material ratio and stirred. The stirring temperature is controlled at 40-50°C, the stirring speed is controlled at 700-900 rpm, and the stirring time is controlled at 30-40 min.

[0079] In some specific embodiments, the total weight of the preservative is 90 parts, the preservative used to dissolve capsaicin is 35 parts, the remaining weight of the preservative is 55 parts, the thickener is added to the 55 parts of the preservative according to the raw material ratio, and the mixture is stirred at 900 rpm for 35 minutes at 50°C. After stirring evenly, a second solution is obtained.

[0080] Understandably, thickeners have good solubility in many preservatives. By controlling the appropriate rotation speed and reaction temperature, the thickener can fully expand and swell in the preservative, thereby forming a three-dimensional network structure.

[0081] Understandably, if the thickener and capsaicin are dissolved in the preservative at the same time, they will compete with each other and affect their dispersion. Therefore, in this embodiment, the thickener and capsaicin are distributed in different preservatives for thorough dissolution.

[0082] S14: After mixing the first solution and the second solution and letting them stand, add the chili oil resin according to the raw material ratio and stir. After stirring evenly, the third solution is obtained.

[0083] In this embodiment, the first solution and the second solution are mixed and allowed to stand at room temperature (25°C) for 10 to 30 minutes. Then, chili oil resin according to the raw material ratio is added and stirred. The stirring temperature is controlled at 40 to 50°C, the stirring speed is controlled at 700 to 900 rpm, and the stirring time is controlled at 30 to 40 minutes.

[0084] In some specific embodiments, the first solution and the second solution are mixed in a mixing tank and allowed to stand at room temperature (25°C) for 20 minutes. Then, chili oil resin according to the raw material ratio is added to the mixing tank and stirred at 700 rpm for 40 minutes at 40°C. After stirring evenly, a third solution is obtained.

[0085] In some embodiments, after mixing the first solution and the second solution and letting them stand, chili oil resin and 0.05 to 0.1 parts by weight of fluorescent agent are added according to the raw material ratio, and the mixture is stirred evenly to obtain a third solution.

[0086] In some specific embodiments, the first solution and the second solution are mixed in a mixing tank and allowed to stand at room temperature (25°C) for 30 minutes. Then, chili oil resin and 0.1 parts by weight of fluorescent agent are added to the mixing tank according to the raw material ratio, and stirred at 800 rpm for 45 minutes at 40°C. After stirring evenly, a third solution is obtained.

[0087] S15: Seal and let the third solution stand to obtain the tear-inducing composition.

[0088] In this embodiment, the controlled sealing and static setting time is 24 hours.

[0089] In this embodiment, the tear gas composition was sealed and aged in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at 54°C for 14 days. The spiciness before and after aging was tested, and the change in spiciness before and after aging was found to be within 10%.

[0090] Among them, sealing and placing the product in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at 54℃ for 14 days is equivalent to storing it at room temperature for 1 year. This is known as accelerated stability testing and is a standard method used by the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and chemical industries (including tear gas) to quickly predict the shelf life of products.

[0091] Understandably, the change in spiciness of the tear gas composition after aging is within 10%, indicating that the active tear gas ingredients (capsaicin and capsaicin oleoresin) have not undergone significant degradation during the simulated 1-year storage period, and the content of the active tear gas ingredients is still high. Therefore, the active tear gas ingredients have good chemical stability in the solvent system formed by high preservatives and appropriate thickeners, that is, the formulation corresponding to the tear gas composition in this application is chemically stable.

[0092] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the stability of the aged tear gas composition was tested, and it was found that the color of the tear gas composition did not change, there were no suspended matter, no precipitation, and the decrease rate of ethanol content was less than or equal to 10%.

[0093] Understandably, the fact that the tear gas composition shows no color change, no suspended matter, no precipitation after aging, and the ethanol content decreases by less than or equal to 10% indicates that the active ingredient in the tear gas has not undergone significant sedimentation or stratification, and that the active ingredient in the tear gas is still uniformly distributed in the tear gas composition. Therefore, the active ingredient in the tear gas has good physical stability in a solvent system formed by a high amount of preservative and an appropriate amount of thickener. In other words, the formulation corresponding to the tear gas composition in this application is physically stable and has a shelf life of at least 1 year.

[0094] In this embodiment, the tear gas composition was left to stand at -20°C for 12 hours, and its viscosity was tested. The viscosity of the tear gas composition was measured to be 400-600 cps.

[0095] In some embodiments, the tear gas composition was allowed to stand at -20°C for 12 hours, and its viscosity was tested, yielding a viscosity of 400 cps. In other embodiments, the tear gas composition was allowed to stand at -20°C for 12 hours, and its viscosity was tested, yielding a viscosity of 500 cps. In still other embodiments, the tear gas composition was allowed to stand at -20°C for 12 hours, and its viscosity was tested, yielding a viscosity of 550 cps.

[0096] Understandably, the viscosity of the tear gas composition prepared in this embodiment remains at 400-600 cps at extremely low temperatures (-20°C), and the viscosity remains below 600 cps. The tear gas composition has good spray range and diffusion, so it can be used in extremely cold regions.

[0097] Unlike related technologies, this embodiment adds a greater amount of preservative to the tear-giving composition. This preservative encapsulates the active tear-giving ingredients, such as capsaicin and capsicum oleoresin, significantly reducing the diffusion rate and collision frequency of the active ingredients and oxygen, thus slowing down oxidation and improving the stability of the active ingredients, and consequently, the stability of the tear-giving composition. Furthermore, by adding an appropriate amount of thickener to the tear-giving composition, a physical network structure is formed. This network structure supports the particles of the active ingredients, inhibiting physical sedimentation and stratification, ensuring uniform distribution of the active ingredients, and thus improving the stability and consistency of the tear-giving composition. Simultaneously, the physical network structure formed by the thickener also slows down the molecular motion of all components (including oxygen and the active ingredients), reducing their diffusion rate in the solvent, further slowing down the oxidation rate of the active ingredients, and thus improving the long-term storage stability and reliability of the tear-giving composition.

[0098] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of this application, the following non-limiting embodiments are provided to further illustrate the application in detail.

[0099] Example 1

[0100] Prepare the following raw materials according to the preset weight proportions: capsaicin, 1 part; capsicum oleoresin, 8 parts; preservative, 89.65 parts; thickener, 0.15 parts; anhydrous ethanol, 1.2 parts. Mix capsaicin and anhydrous ethanol evenly according to the raw material proportions, then add 35 parts by weight of preservative and stir until homogeneous to obtain the first solution. Next, add the thickener according to the raw material proportions to the remaining 55 parts by weight of preservative and stir until homogeneous to obtain the second solution. Then, mix the first and second solutions and let them stand, then add capsicum oleoresin according to the raw material proportions and stir until homogeneous to obtain the third solution. Seal and let the third solution stand to obtain the tear-inducing composition. The temperature during each stirring is controlled at 45℃; the stirring speed during each stirring is controlled at 800 rpm; the stirring time during each stirring is controlled at 35 min; and the sealing and standing time is controlled at 24 h.

[0101] The tear gas composition prepared in Example 1 was subjected to a reliability test.

[0102] The testing method is as follows: The tear gas composition prepared in Example 1 was sealed and placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at 54°C for 14 days for aging testing. The spiciness of the tear gas composition was tested before and after the aging test. The spiciness testing method included the calculation method of the total amount of capsaicin in the tear gas composition, the calculation method of the Scoville Heat Unit (SHU), and the conversion method between spiciness and the Scoville Heat Unit. The color, suspension, and precipitation of the tear gas composition before and after aging were observed.

[0103] The test results are shown in Table 1:

[0104] Table 1. Results of spiciness changes before and after aging test.

[0105] Test Project Before aging test After aging test Total amount of capsaicin (g / kg) 22.499 20.728 Hotness (SHU) 346950 317100 Spiciness (degrees) 2313 2114

[0106] Where 150 SHU equals 1 degree.

[0107] As shown in Table 1, the total amount of capsaicin in the aging tear gas composition decreased by 7.87%, and the spiciness decreased by 8.60%. That is, the changes in the total amount of capsaicin and the spiciness were both within 10%, indicating that the active ingredient of tear gas (capsaicin) did not undergo significant degradation during the simulated 1-year storage period, and the content of the active ingredient of tear gas remained high, with high chemical stability. This indicates that the formulation corresponding to the tear gas composition in this application is chemically stable and has a shelf life of at least 1 year.

[0108] The observation results are as follows:

[0109] The color of the tear gas composition did not change before and after aging, and no suspended matter or sediment was produced in the liquid after aging. The decrease rate of ethanol content was measured to be 8.79%.

[0110] The above results indicate that the active ingredient in the tear gas did not undergo significant sedimentation or stratification, and the active ingredient remained uniformly distributed in the tear gas composition, exhibiting high physical stability. This suggests that the formulation corresponding to the tear gas composition in this application is physically stable and has a shelf life of at least one year.

[0111] Example 2

[0112] Prepare the following raw materials according to the preset weight proportions: capsaicin, 0.5 parts; capsicum oleoresin, 10 parts; preservative, 87.9 parts; thickener, 0.2 parts; anhydrous ethanol, 1.3 parts; fluorescent agent, 0.1 parts. Mix capsaicin and anhydrous ethanol evenly according to the raw material ratio, then add 40 parts by weight of preservative and stir until homogeneous to obtain the first solution. Next, add the thickener according to the raw material ratio to the remaining 50 parts by weight of preservative and stir until homogeneous to obtain the second solution. Then, mix the first and second solutions and let them stand, then add capsicum oleoresin according to the raw material ratio and stir until homogeneous to obtain the third solution. Seal and let the third solution stand to obtain the tear-inducing composition. The temperature during each stirring is controlled at 40℃; the stirring speed during each stirring is controlled at 900 rpm; the stirring time during each stirring is controlled at 40 min; and the sealing and standing time is controlled at 24 h.

[0113] The tear-inducing composition prepared in Example 2 above was subjected to a mold test.

[0114] The test method is as follows: The tear gas composition prepared in Example 2 was divided into three portions, and each portion was inoculated with a mixed bacterial culture (including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus), Candida albicans and Aspergillus brasiliensis). After inoculation, the contents were left to stand, and the initial bacterial count and the total number of colonies on the 7th, 14th and 28th days of standing, as well as the corresponding logarithmic values ​​and the decrease in logarithmic value, were tested.

[0115] The test results are shown in Table 2:

[0116] Table 2. Results of mold test

[0117]

[0118] As shown in Table 2, after 7 days of storage, the total number of colonies detected in the tear gas compositions inoculated with different bacterial strains was less than 10, and the reduction in lg value was greater than 3 logarithmic levels, which means that the microbial killing rate was greater than 99.9%, indicating that the tear gas compositions in this application have good antiseptic properties.

[0119] Example 3

[0120] Prepare the following raw materials according to the preset weight proportions: capsaicin, 1.5 parts; capsicum oleoresin, 12 parts; preservative, 85.05 parts; thickener, 0.15 parts; anhydrous ethanol, 1.3 parts. Mix capsaicin and anhydrous ethanol evenly according to the raw material proportions, then add 35 parts by weight of preservative and stir until homogeneous to obtain the first solution. Next, add the thickener according to the raw material proportions to the remaining 55 parts by weight of preservative and stir until homogeneous to obtain the second solution. Then, mix the first and second solutions and let them stand, then add capsicum oleoresin according to the raw material proportions and stir until homogeneous to obtain the third solution. Seal and let the third solution stand to obtain the tear-inducing composition. The temperature during each stirring is controlled at 45°C; the stirring speed during each stirring is controlled at 800 rpm; the stirring time during each stirring is controlled at 35 min; and the sealing and standing time is controlled at 24 h.

[0121] The tear gas composition prepared in Example 3 above was subjected to toxicity testing.

[0122] The test methods are as follows: Acute skin irritation test was conducted on multiple rabbits using the tear gas composition prepared in Example 3; acute oral toxicity test was conducted on multiple rabbits using the tear gas composition prepared in Example 3; and acute inhalation toxicity test was conducted on multiple rabbits using the tear gas composition prepared in Example 3.

[0123] The test results are as follows:

[0124] The test substance showed no irritation to the skin in rabbits, was slightly toxic in the acute oral toxicity test, and was practically non-toxic (no deaths) in the acute inhalation toxicity test.

[0125] The test results above indicate that the tear gas composition provided in this application has a short-lived irritant effect, causes no permanent damage, and can ensure safety (non-lethality) to the greatest extent.

[0126] Example 4

[0127] Prepare the following raw materials according to the preset weight proportions: capsaicin, 0.9 parts; capsicum oleoresin, 9 parts; preservative, 88.8 parts; thickener, 0.2 parts; anhydrous ethanol, 1 part; fluorescent agent, 0.1 parts. Mix capsaicin and anhydrous ethanol evenly according to the raw material ratio, then add 30 parts by weight of preservative and stir until homogeneous to obtain the first solution. Next, add the thickener according to the raw material ratio to the remaining 60 parts by weight of preservative and stir until homogeneous to obtain the second solution. Then, mix the first and second solutions and let them stand, then add capsicum oleoresin according to the raw material ratio and stir until homogeneous to obtain the third solution. Seal and let the third solution stand to obtain the tear-inducing composition. The temperature during each stirring is controlled at 50°C; the stirring speed during each stirring is controlled at 700 rpm; the stirring time during each stirring is controlled at 40 min; and the sealing and standing time is controlled at 24 h.

[0128] Comparative Example 1

[0129] Prepare the following raw materials according to the preset weight ratios: capsaicin, 0.9 parts; capsicum oleoresin, 9 parts; preservative, 88.6 parts; thickener, 0.4 parts; anhydrous ethanol, 1 part; fluorescent agent, 0.1 parts. Mix capsaicin and anhydrous ethanol evenly according to the raw material ratio, then add 30 parts by weight of preservative and stir until homogeneous to obtain the first solution. Next, add the thickener according to the raw material ratio to the remaining 60 parts by weight of preservative and stir until homogeneous to obtain the second solution. Then, mix the first and second solutions and let them stand, then add capsicum oleoresin according to the raw material ratio and stir until homogeneous to obtain the third solution. Seal and let the third solution stand to obtain the tear-inducing composition. The temperature during each stirring is controlled at 50°C; the stirring speed during each stirring is controlled at 700 rpm; the stirring time during each stirring is controlled at 40 min; and the sealing and standing time is controlled at 24 h.

[0130] The viscosity of the tear-inducing compositions prepared in Example 4 and Comparative Example 1 was tested.

[0131] The testing method is as follows: The viscosity of the tear gas composition was tested at room temperature (close to 25℃), low temperature (close to -10℃), and extreme low temperature (close to -20℃).

[0132] The test results are shown in Table 3:

[0133] Table 3 Viscosity test results at different temperatures

[0134]

[0135] As shown in Table 3, at room temperature, the tear gas compositions corresponding to Example 4 and Comparative Example 1 have low viscosity and excellent spray range and diffusion. When the temperature drops to around -10℃ and -20℃, the viscosity of the tear gas composition in Example 3 is less than 600 cps, still exhibiting good spray range and diffusion; while the viscosity of the tear gas composition in Comparative Example 1 is much greater than 600 cps, making the liquid too viscous, which may result in weak spray and shortened range. In other words, a suitable amount of thickener is needed to improve the performance of the tear gas composition at extreme temperatures. The tear gas composition provided in this application controls the amount of thickener within a suitable range, enabling the tear gas composition to be used in a wide temperature range (-25 to 65℃).

[0136] Example 5

[0137] Prepare the following raw materials according to the preset weight proportions: capsaicin, 1.5 parts; capsicum oleoresin, 10 parts; preservative, 86.95 parts; thickener, 0.2 parts; anhydrous ethanol, 1.3 parts; fluorescent agent, 0.05 parts. Mix capsaicin and anhydrous ethanol evenly according to the raw material ratio, then add 35 parts by weight of preservative and stir until homogeneous to obtain the first solution. Next, add the thickener according to the raw material ratio to the remaining 55 parts by weight of preservative and stir until homogeneous to obtain the second solution. Then, mix the first and second solutions and let them stand, then add capsicum oleoresin according to the raw material ratio and stir until homogeneous to obtain the third solution. Seal and let the third solution stand to obtain the tear-inducing composition. The temperature during each stirring is controlled at 45℃; the stirring speed during each stirring is controlled at 800 rpm; the stirring time during each stirring is controlled at 35 min; and the sealing and standing time is controlled at 24 h.

[0138] The temperature range of use of the tear gas composition prepared in Example 5 was tested.

[0139] The test method is as follows: Place the tear gas composition into the sprayer and keep it in a warming chamber at -25°C and 60°C for 2 hours respectively. After taking it out, spray it within 2 minutes.

[0140] The test results are as follows:

[0141] It can be fired normally at -25℃. When fired twice at a 0° angle from 4m away from the target, the tear gas composition is dispersed on the target with diameters of 25cm and 20cm respectively. When fired twice at a 0° angle from 5m away from the target, the tear gas composition is dispersed on the target with diameters of 30cm and 29cm respectively. When fired twice at a 0° angle from 7m away from the target, the tear gas composition is dispersed on the target with diameters of 58cm and 59cm respectively. The maximum velocity at 2m is 80m / s.

[0142] It can be fired normally at 60℃. When fired twice at a 0° angle from 4m away from the target, the tear gas composition is dispersed on the target with diameters of 27cm and 26cm respectively. When fired twice at a 0° angle from 5m away from the target, the tear gas composition is dispersed on the target with diameters of 33cm and 35cm respectively. When fired twice at a 0° angle from 7m away from the target, the tear gas composition is dispersed on the target with diameters of 62cm and 65cm respectively. The maximum velocity at 2m is 108.8m / s.

[0143] The test results above show that the tear gas composition provided in this application can be stably sprayed in the designed mode (mist, jet, gel) and range under extreme weather conditions (extreme cold or instant heat), with extremely high reliability.

[0144] Unlike related technologies, this embodiment adds a greater amount of preservative to the tear-giving composition. This preservative encapsulates the active tear-giving ingredients, such as capsaicin and capsicum oleoresin, significantly reducing the diffusion rate and collision frequency of the active ingredients and oxygen, thus slowing down oxidation and improving the stability of the active ingredients, and consequently, the stability of the tear-giving composition. Furthermore, by adding an appropriate amount of thickener to the tear-giving composition, a physical network structure is formed. This network structure supports the particles of the active ingredients, inhibiting physical sedimentation and stratification, ensuring uniform distribution of the active ingredients, and thus improving the stability and consistency of the tear-giving composition. Simultaneously, the physical network structure formed by the thickener also slows down the molecular motion of all components (including oxygen and the active ingredients), reducing their diffusion rate in the solvent, further slowing down the oxidation rate of the active ingredients, and thus improving the long-term storage stability and reliability of the tear-giving composition.

[0145] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and does not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A lacrimal composition, characterized in that, Includes the following raw materials by weight: Capsaicin, 0.5–1.5 parts; Capsicum oleoresin, 5-10 parts; Preservative, 80-90 parts; Thickener, 0.1 to 0.2 parts; Anhydrous ethanol, 1 to 1.3 parts.

2. The tear-inducing composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The capsicum oleoresin includes at least one of capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin, and phenylcapsaicin.

3. The tear-inducing composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preservative includes at least one of propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, benzyl alcohol, and phenylethanol.

4. The tear-inducing composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickener includes polyethylene; wherein the molecular weight of the polyethylene is 500,000 to 2,000,000.

5. The tear-inducing composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tear-inducing composition further includes a fluorescent agent; wherein the fluorescent agent is present in an amount of 0.05 to 0.1 parts by weight.

6. The tear-inducing composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lacrimal-inducing composition is used at a temperature of -25 to 65°C.

7. The tear-inducing composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tear-inducing composition has a viscosity of 400–600 cps at -20°C.

8. A method for preparing a lacrimal-inducing composition, characterized in that, include: Prepare the following ingredients according to the preset weight proportions: capsaicin, 0.5 to 1.5 parts; Capsicum oleoresin, 5-10 parts; preservative, 80-90 parts; thickener, 0.1-0.2 parts; anhydrous ethanol, 1-1.3 parts; After the capsaicin and the anhydrous ethanol are mixed evenly according to the raw material ratio, 30 to 40 parts by weight of the preservative are added and stirred. After stirring evenly, a first solution is obtained. The thickener is added to the remaining parts by weight of the preservative according to the raw material ratio and stirred until uniform to obtain a second solution; After mixing the first solution and the second solution and letting them stand, the chili oil resin according to the raw material ratio is added and stirred until uniform, resulting in a third solution. The third solution is sealed and allowed to stand to obtain the tear-inducing composition.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that, Control the temperature during each stirring session to 40–50°C; Control the stirring speed to 700-900 rpm for each stirring cycle; Control the stirring time to 30–40 minutes each time; The duration of the sealed static condition is controlled to be 24 hours.

10. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The step of mixing the first solution and the second solution and letting them stand, then adding the chili oil resin according to the raw material ratio and stirring until a third solution is obtained includes: After mixing the first solution and the second solution and letting them stand, the chili oil resin and 0.05 to 0.1 parts by weight of fluorescent agent are added according to the raw material ratio, and the mixture is stirred evenly to obtain the third solution.

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