Device and method for evaluating influence of human activities on plateau lake ecosystem

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and method for evaluating influence of human activities on a plateau lake ecosystem, a barrel body is arranged in a semi-buried mode, the input end of an independent pumping system is externally connected with at least one liquid medicine bin, and the output end of the independent pumping system is arranged corresponding to the interior of the barrel body; a test end of the independent ecological monitoring part is arranged corresponding to the interior of the barrel body and is used for monitoring water environment parameters and macroscopic plant states; one end of the common pumping system comprises a plurality of inner end pipelines connected in parallel, and the common ecological monitoring part is arranged at the other end of the common pumping system and used for detecting the microcosmic plant state; according to the device and method for evaluating the influence of human activities on the plateau lake ecosystem, the semi-buried barrel body is combined with the hydrological control module, the plateau lake low-temperature environment and underground heat exchange characteristics are effectively restored, and the influence of human activities on the plateau lake ecosystem is evaluated through cooperative operation of the atmosphere testing part independent ecological monitoring part independent pumping system hydrological control module. The dynamic superposition interference simulation of eutrophication and climate warming is realized, and the limitation of a laboratory microcosmic device is broken through.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to ecosystem modules, and more particularly to an apparatus and method for assessing the impact of human activities on plateau lake ecosystems. Background Technology

[0002] The Zhongyuzhou System, an artificially constructed aquatic ecosystem simulation device, is primarily used to explore the response of biological communities to environmental changes. This system can be subdivided into four types: flowing water type, enclosed device, land-based simulation pool, and mobile flume, and includes systems for physical-biological simulation, automatic control, and monitoring and analysis. Compared to traditional laboratory devices, the Zhongyuzhou System can more realistically simulate natural aquatic ecosystems, effectively compensating for the lack of control in field experiments. By controlling parameters such as temperature, humidity, and water quality, the Zhongyuzhou System can conduct experiments on biodiversity and the impact of pollutants. For example, some units can realize functions such as brackish water interaction and artificial rainfall, which can be applied to wetland ecological research.

[0003] Currently, existing mesocosmic systems lack high-altitude lake simulation modules, making it difficult to accurately reproduce the ecological stresses posed by human activities such as climate warming and eutrophication to high-altitude lakes. Furthermore, laboratory-scale micro-simulations struggle to replicate the complex habitats of real lakes. Existing assessment methods primarily focus on general lake models, failing to integrate sensor networks to provide real-time feedback on the unique response characteristics of high-altitude lakes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide an apparatus and method for assessing the impact of human activities on plateau lake ecosystems, aiming to solve the problem that existing systems lack plateau lake simulation modules and are difficult to accurately reproduce conditions such as climate warming and eutrophication.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an apparatus for assessing the impact of human activities on plateau lake ecosystems, comprising: Multiple simulation units are distributed on the base surface. Each simulation unit includes a tank, a hydrological control module, an independent ecological monitoring unit, and an independent pumping system. The tank is semi-buried. The input end of the independent pumping system is connected to at least one chemical solution tank, while the output end is set inside the tank. The test end of the independent ecological monitoring unit is set inside the tank and is used to monitor water environment parameters and macroscopic plant status. The hydrological control module is used to control at least a portion of the water environment parameters of the tank. The atmospheric testing department is used to test atmospheric environmental data. A shared pumping system includes multiple parallel internal pipes equipped with a first solenoid valve at one end, and the multiple internal pipes are respectively connected to multiple barrels; A shared ecological monitoring unit is located at the other end of the shared pumping system and is used to detect the status of micro-plants. The control center connects and controls the independent ecological monitoring unit, the independent pumping system, the hydrological control module, the shared pumping system, the shared ecological monitoring unit, and the atmospheric testing unit.

[0006] Furthermore, the first solenoid valve is a two-position three-way valve and is normally closed. In the two working positions of the first solenoid valve, the inner end pipeline is connected and the other end of the common pumping system is connected to the outside.

[0007] Furthermore, the other end of the shared pumping system includes multiple external pipes connected in parallel and equipped with a second solenoid valve. The shared ecological monitoring unit is located on one of the external pipes, and one of the external pipes is connected to a pure water tank. The shared pumping system is bidirectional.

[0008] Furthermore, the independent ecological monitoring unit includes a high-frequency water quality sensor and a camera.

[0009] Furthermore, the shared ecological monitoring unit includes a flow cytometer.

[0010] Furthermore, the barrel body is made of PP with a thickness of 1.0 to 2.0 cm, the diameter of the barrel body is 3 to 5 m and the height is 3 to 4 m, and multiple vertically arranged structural rods are arranged circumferentially on the outer wall of the barrel body.

[0011] The present invention also provides a method for use in the aforementioned apparatus for assessing the impact of human activities on plateau lake ecosystems, comprising: S1. Receive interference program, the interference program consists of at least one of mode A, mode B and mode C, wherein mode A is to control the independent pumping system to pump the medicine in the medicine tank into the tank according to a set system, mode B is to control the temperature of the tank according to a set system change by the hydrological control module, and mode C is to control the wave frequency and flow rate in the tank according to a set system change by the hydrological control module. S2. Control the independent ecological monitoring department to collect and monitor water environment parameters and macroscopic plant status at set time intervals; S3. Water from the tank is drawn into the shared ecological monitoring unit at set time intervals to collect microscopic plant status, wherein the operation of a specific tank is achieved by coordinating the switching of multiple first solenoid valves. S4. The data collected by the independent ecological monitoring department and the data collected by the shared ecological monitoring department are matched and fused to form a time series dataset.

[0012] Furthermore, step S3 is followed by reversing the operation of the shared pumping system to pump the water in the shared pumping system back into the tank.

[0013] Furthermore, the first solenoid valve is a two-position three-way valve and is normally closed. In the two working positions of the first solenoid valve, the inner end pipeline is connected and the other end of the common pumping system is connected to the outside. Step S3 includes switching the first solenoid valve corresponding to the barrel to a state that connects the other end of the shared pumping system to the outside, and then restarting the shared pumping system to remove the remaining water from the shared pumping system.

[0014] Furthermore, the other end of the shared pumping system includes an external pipe connected in parallel and equipped with a second solenoid valve. The shared ecological monitoring unit is located on the external pipe, and one of the external pipes is connected to a pure water tank. The shared pumping system is bidirectional.

[0015] This invention provides an apparatus and method for assessing the impact of human activities on plateau lake ecosystems. Through a semi-buried tank combined with a hydrological control module, it effectively recreates the low-temperature environment and underground heat exchange characteristics of plateau lakes, overcoming the fundamental limitation of existing medium-scale systems that cannot simulate the low-temperature / low-pressure environment of plateaus. Through the coordinated operation of the independent atmospheric testing section, independent ecological monitoring section, independent pumping system, and hydrological control module, it can simulate the dynamic superposition of eutrophication and climate warming disturbances, breaking through the limitation of laboratory micro-devices being unable to recreate complex habitats. The shared pumping system significantly reduces the overall system cost, saving on lake ecological restoration costs and providing data support for plateau lake management and water environment protection. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of the present invention for assessing the impact of human activities on plateau lake ecosystems; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention for assessing the impact of human activities on plateau lake ecosystems (atmospheric test section and datum plane are hidden). Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a shared pumping system used in assessing the impact of human activities on a plateau lake ecosystem, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram (first perspective) of a simulated unit in a plateau lake ecosystem used to assess the impact of human activities according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram (second perspective) of a simulated unit in a plateau lake ecosystem used to assess the impact of human activities in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A partial magnification; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a shared pumping system used in assessing the impact of human activities on a plateau lake ecosystem, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Reference numerals: 010-base plane, 100-simulation unit, 200-atmospheric testing unit, 300-shared pumping system, 310-inner end pipe, 311-first solenoid valve, 320-outer end pipe, 321-second solenoid valve, 322-pure water tank, 400-shared ecological monitoring unit. Detailed Implementation

[0018] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0019] Those skilled in the art will understand that, unless specifically stated otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” “the,” “the,” and “the” used herein may also include the plural forms. It should be further understood that the term “comprising” as used in this specification means the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, units, modules, and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, units, modules, components, and / or groups thereof. It should be understood that when we say an element is “connected” or “coupled” to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element, or there may be intermediate elements. Furthermore, “connected” or “coupled” as used herein can include wireless connection or wireless coupling. The term “and / or” as used herein includes all or any of the units and all combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0020] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in general dictionaries should be understood to have the same meaning as in the context of the prior art and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless specifically defined as herein.

[0021] Reference Figures 1 to 7 In one embodiment of the present invention, an apparatus for assessing the impact of human activities on plateau lake ecosystems includes: Multiple simulation units 100 are distributed on the base surface 010. Each simulation unit 100 includes a tank 110, a hydrological control module 120, an independent ecological monitoring unit 130, and an independent pumping system 140. The tank 110 is semi-buried. The input end of the independent pumping system 140 is connected to at least one liquid tank 141, while the output end is located inside the tank 110. The test end of the independent ecological monitoring unit 130 is located inside the tank 110 and is used to monitor water environment parameters and macroscopic plant status. The hydrological control module 120 is used to control at least some of the water environment parameters of the tank 110. Atmospheric Testing Unit 200 is used to test atmospheric environmental data. A shared pumping system 300 includes multiple parallel inner pipes 310 with a first solenoid valve 311 installed on each end, and the multiple inner pipes 310 are respectively connected to multiple barrels 110. A shared ecological monitoring unit 400 is located at the other end of the shared pumping system 300 and is used to detect the status of micro-plants; The control center connects and controls the independent ecological monitoring unit 130, the independent pumping system 140, the hydrological control module 120, the shared pumping system 300, the shared ecological monitoring unit 400, and the atmospheric testing unit 200.

[0022] In existing technologies, the current medium-scale universe system lacks a plateau lake simulation module, making it difficult to accurately reproduce the ecological stresses on plateau lakes caused by human activities such as climate warming and eutrophication; furthermore, laboratory microscopic simulations are unable to reproduce the complex habitats of real lakes.

[0023] Based on the device provided by this invention for assessing the impact of human activities on plateau lake ecosystems, this invention studies the influence of external factors on plateau lake ecosystems. In a specific implementation, this study investigates the influence of external factors on the Erhai Lake plateau lake ecosystem.

[0024] Erhai Lake is located in Dali City, Yunnan Province. It is the second largest plateau freshwater lake in Yunnan Province. The basin is situated in the watershed area of ​​the Lancang River, Jinsha River and Yuanjiang River systems.

[0025] Multiple simulation units 100 are distributed on the base surface 010. For example, multiple simulation units 100 form a 6×12 rectangular array, with an east-west spacing of 0.5m and a north-south spacing of 0.8m between adjacent units. All system data is transmitted wirelessly to the control center and is supported by a stable power supply system. The simulation unit 100 includes a tank body 110, a hydrological control module 120, an independent ecological monitoring unit 130, and an independent pumping system 140. The soil (ideally close to the simulated area) serves as the base surface 010, and a trench is excavated to a depth of 150cm. A 200mm thick C30 impermeable concrete base is poured at the bottom of the trench to provide excellent support and prevent environmental impact in case of leakage from the tank body 110. Forty-eight 8mm diameter HRB400 grade steel bars (Fy=360Mpa) are circumferentially arranged on the inner wall of the trench. The tank body 110 is placed in the trench, with its top protruding from the trench (e.g., 50cm). The semi-buried arrangement of the container 110 allows for heat transfer between it and the base surface 010, preventing excessive temperature fluctuations due to air temperature variations and facilitating observation. It also reduces the risk of impurities from the base surface 010 falling into the container 110. A 50cm layer of planting soil is laid at the bottom of the container 110 for planting aquatic plants (such as: *Ottelia acuminata*, *Euphorbia pekinensis*, *Gnaphalium affine*, *Gnaphalium affine*, *Potamogeton crispus*, etc.). Depending on the experimental design, one or more aquatic plants can be selected for planting inside the container 110. The planting soil in the container 110 can be derived from pond mud, which has undergone solidification treatment and has been removed from the riparian zone, making it more suitable for the propagation and growth of aquatic plants. An independent pumping system 140 has at least one externally connected drug solution tank 141 at its input end and an output end corresponding to the interior of a container 110. The independent pumping system 140 can pump the relevant drug solution from the drug solution tank 141 into the container 110. There can be multiple drug solution tanks 141, and the input end of the independent pumping system 140 is equipped with multiple pipes, each with a solenoid valve, allowing selection of which drug solution from a specific drug solution tank 141 is pumped into the container 110. For example, each drug solution tank 141 may contain a phosphorus source and a heavy metal source, respectively. Depending on the experimental design, the appropriate drug solution is pumped in at a suitable time. In a typical implementation, the drug solution tank 141 contains a nitrogen-phosphorus solution (0.1-10 mg / L), and the independent pumping system 140 is a peristaltic pump type, introducing the nitrogen-phosphorus solution at a set time and rate.

[0026] The independent ecological monitoring unit 130, located inside the tank 110, is used to monitor aquatic environmental parameters and macroscopic plant conditions. Aquatic environmental parameters can include temperature, water level, and water quality. Macroscopic plant conditions can include the number of plants, their growth status, and their growth range. For example, the independent ecological monitoring unit 130 includes a water temperature sensor, a water level sensor, a wave meter, a high-frequency water quality sensor (pH, DO, turbidity), and a camera. The water temperature sensor detects the temperature of the water inside the tank 110. The water level sensor detects the water level inside the tank 110. The wave meter can be a surface buoy type, determining the height and period of waves by measuring the buoy's rise and fall on the water surface. Some surface buoys can also measure wave speed and direction using additional sensors. The high-frequency water quality sensor can be a three-in-one water quality sensor probe (HACH-SC200, ±1%FS accuracy), providing real-time monitoring of pH / DO / turbidity parameters. The sampling interval is selected based on actual usage, for example, testing every five minutes. The camera can be equipped with AI algorithms to identify the state of submerged vegetation (macroscopic plant state) based on the acquired image information. The camera can be a Hikvision S-2CD3T86 series camera, which performs AI recognition and analysis every 5 minutes during operation.

[0027] The hydrological control module 120 is used to control the water environment parameters within the tank 110. For example, the hydrological control module 120 includes a heating rod, a chiller, a wave generator (based on a brushless motor), and an aerator. The chiller, for instance, includes a water chiller and multiple internal surface coolers. Valves and pipes allow chilled water from the chiller to enter the appropriate surface coolers, thus cooling the water within the tank 110. The water level can be controlled via an independent pumping system 140 or a subsequent shared pumping system 300. The coordinated operation of the heating rod and chiller enables dynamic adjustment of the water temperature within the tank 110. The wave generator simulates water flow dynamics, creating hydrological disturbances ranging from slight surface disturbances to deep-seated disturbances. Adjustments to the aerator's operation allow for regulation of the oxygen concentration in the water.

[0028] The Atmospheric Testing Unit 200 is used to test atmospheric environmental data, such as temperature, light intensity, and carbon dioxide concentration.

[0029] The shared pumping system 300 includes multiple parallel internal pipes 310, each equipped with a first solenoid valve 311, at one end. These internal pipes 310 are respectively connected to multiple tanks 110. The shared pumping system 300 can operate as a peristaltic pump, turbine pump, or diaphragm pump, etc. Through the internal pipes 310, the shared pumping system 300 can selectively pump water from different tanks 110 for water level adjustment or testing.

[0030] A shared ecological monitoring unit 400 is located at the other end of the shared pumping system 300 and is used to detect the status of microscopic plants. The shared ecological monitoring unit 400 is a relatively sophisticated or expensive instrument. For example, the shared ecological monitoring unit 400 may include a flow cytometer. Phytoplankton communities are automatically detected by collecting 200 mL of water samples per hour using a flow cytometer (FCM). Multiple shared ecological monitoring units 400 can also be connected simultaneously to the other end of the shared pumping system 300.

[0031] The control center connects and controls the independent ecological monitoring unit 130, the independent pumping system 140, the hydrological control module 120, the shared pumping system 300, the shared ecological monitoring unit 400, and the atmospheric testing unit 200. Communication between the control center and each component can be wired or wireless, selected according to specific needs. The control center receives test plans and, based on the operational data from the atmospheric testing unit 200 and the independent ecological monitoring unit 130, controls the operation of the independent pumping system 140, the shared pumping system 300, and the hydrological control module 120.

[0032] During implementation, all simulation units 100 are equipped with a hydrological control module 120 and an independent pumping system 140. However, some simulation units 100 execute corresponding disturbance programs (different temperature controls, different amounts and rates of chemical injection, and different wave size adjustments), and some simulation units 100 operate with constant water environment parameters, thereby creating a comparison of the aquatic plant conditions within them.

[0033] In summary, by combining the semi-buried tank 110 with the hydrological control module 120, the low-temperature environment and underground heat exchange characteristics of plateau lakes are effectively reproduced, overcoming the fundamental deficiency of existing medium-altitude systems in simulating the low-temperature / low-pressure environment of plateaus. Through the coordinated operation of the atmospheric testing unit 200, the independent ecological monitoring unit 130, the independent pumping system 140, and the hydrological control module 120, dynamic simulation of the superimposed interference of eutrophication and climate warming can be achieved, overcoming the limitation that laboratory micro-devices cannot reproduce complex habitats. The shared pumping system 300 significantly reduces the overall system cost, saving on lake ecological restoration costs and providing data support for plateau lake management and water environment protection.

[0034] In one embodiment, the first solenoid valve 311 is a two-position three-way valve and is normally closed. The two working positions of the first solenoid valve 311 respectively connect the inner end pipe 310 and connect the other end of the common pumping system 300 to the outside.

[0035] In this embodiment, the increased two-position three-way characteristic and the normally closed setting enhance the precision of the operation of the shared pumping system 300. When one of the first solenoid valves 311 is in the state of opening the inner pipe 310, and the other solenoid valves are in the closed state, the shared pumping system 300 can perform the action of pumping or injecting into a specific tank 110. When one of the first solenoid valves 311 is in the state of opening the other end of the shared pumping system 300 to the outside, and the other solenoid valves are in the closed state, the shared pumping system 300 can remove residual water from the shared pumping system 300.

[0036] Reference Figure 7 In one embodiment, the other end of the shared pumping system 300 includes a plurality of external pipes 320 connected in parallel and equipped with a second solenoid valve 321. The shared ecological monitoring unit 400 is disposed on one of the external pipes 320, and one of the external pipes 320 is connected to a pure water tank 322. The shared pumping system 300 is bidirectional.

[0037] In this embodiment, the shared pumping system 300 can be a peristaltic pump, a turbine pump, or a diaphragm pump, etc., and needs to be able to perform bidirectional pumping requirements. Since it is a bidirectional pump structure, there are no input and output ends. One end of the shared pumping system 300 includes multiple parallel inner pipes 310, and the other end includes multiple parallel outer pipes 320. Multiple tanks 110 are connected through the inner pipes 310, while multiple shared ecological monitoring units 400 can be installed through the multiple outer pipes 320. A pure water tank 322 is connected to one of the outer pipes 320. By reversing the operation of the shared pumping system 300, clean water in the pure water tank 322 is pumped to clean the shared pumping system 300. Specifically, during the cleaning process, the first solenoid valve on the inner pipe 310 that needs to be cleaned can be switched to a state that connects the other end of the shared pumping system 300 to the outside. The second solenoid valve 321 corresponding to the pure water tank 322 is opened, while the other second solenoid valves 321 are closed. At this time, the shared pumping system 300 works in reverse, pumping the clean water in the pure water tank 322 to clean the corresponding part of the shared pumping system 300.

[0038] In one embodiment, the independent ecological monitoring unit 130 includes a high-frequency water quality sensor and a camera.

[0039] In this embodiment, the high-frequency water quality sensor can be a three-in-one water quality sensor probe (HACH-SC200, ±1%FS accuracy) to monitor the pH / DO / turbidity parameters of the water body in real time. The sampling interval is selected according to actual usage, for example, testing once every five minutes. The camera can be equipped with an AI algorithm to identify the state of submerged vegetation based on the acquired image information. The camera can be a Hikvision DS-2CD3T86 series camera, which performs AI identification and analysis every 5 minutes during operation.

[0040] In one embodiment, the shared ecological monitoring unit 400 includes a flow cytometer.

[0041] In this embodiment, the shared ecological monitoring unit 400 includes a flow cytometer, and the phytoplankton community is automatically detected by collecting 200 mL water samples per hour using the flow cytometer (FCM).

[0042] In one embodiment, the barrel 110 is made of PP with a thickness of 1.0 to 2.0 cm, the diameter of the barrel 110 is 3 to 5 m and the height is 3 to 4 m, and multiple vertically arranged structural rods are arranged circumferentially on the outer wall of the barrel 110.

[0043] In this embodiment, the material and dimensions of the barrel 110 are limited to meet the experimental requirements. The structural rods can be HRB400 grade steel bars with a diameter of 8mm (Fy=360Mpa), and the number of structural rods is 48. By setting up the structural rods and inserting them into the bottom of the foundation trench, the risk of the foundation surface 010 collapsing is reduced, and the possibility of structural abnormalities is decreased.

[0044] The present invention also provides a method for use in the aforementioned apparatus for assessing the impact of human activities on plateau lake ecosystems, comprising: S1. Receive interference program, the interference program consists of at least one of mode A, mode B and mode C, wherein mode A is to control the independent pumping system 140 to pump the medicine in the medicine tank 141 into the tank 110 according to a set regime; mode B is to control the temperature of the tank 110 by the hydrological control module 120 to change according to a set regime; and mode C is to control the wave frequency and flow rate in the tank 110 by the hydrological control module 120 to change according to a set regime. S2. Control the independent ecological monitoring unit 130 to collect and monitor water environment parameters and macroscopic plant status at set time intervals; S3. At set time intervals, water is drawn from the tank 110 through the shared pumping system 300 and sent to the shared ecological monitoring unit 400 to collect microscopic plant status. The operation of a specific tank 110 is achieved by coordinating the switching of multiple first solenoid valves 311. S4. The data collected by the independent ecological monitoring unit 130 and the data collected by the shared ecological monitoring unit 400 are matched and fused to form a time series dataset.

[0045] In this embodiment, in step S1, an interference program is received, which consists of at least one group of modes A, B, and C. Modes A, B, and C in the interference program can exist individually, sequentially, or simultaneously, depending on the experimental design.

[0046] Mode A controls the independent pumping system 140 to pump the medicine solution in the medicine tank 141 into the container 110 according to a set schedule. For example, based on the required concentration of the medicine solution in the container 110 (initial concentration 0.1 mg / L total phosphorus, increasing by 0.1-0.3 mg / L daily), a pumping speed curve is calculated, and then the operation of the independent pumping system 140 is controlled.

[0047] Mode B involves the hydrological control module 120 controlling the temperature of the tank 110 to set a regulatory change. For example, a temperature step could be a uniform increase or decrease of 2.5°C over 4 hours, with the heating rod or chiller controlling the temperature to achieve stable and precise temperature control, thus matching the temperature curve.

[0048] Mode C allows the hydrological control module 120 to control the wave frequency and flow velocity within the tank 110 to set system variations. For example, a wave generator can be used to achieve precise control of wave frequency and flow velocity.

[0049] In step S2, the independent ecological monitoring unit 130 is controlled to collect and monitor aquatic environmental parameters and macroscopic plant status at set time intervals. In this step, aquatic environmental parameters may include temperature, water level, and water quality. Macroscopic plant status may include the number of plants, their growth status, and their growth range. For example, the independent ecological monitoring unit 130 includes a water temperature sensor, a water level sensor, a high-frequency water quality sensor (pH, DO, turbidity), and a camera. The water temperature sensor detects the temperature of the water inside the tank 110. The water level sensor detects the water level inside the tank 110. The high-frequency water quality sensor can be a three-in-one water quality sensor probe (HACH-SC200, ±1%FS accuracy) to monitor the pH / DO / turbidity parameters of the water in real time. The sampling interval is selected according to actual usage, for example, testing once every five minutes. The camera can be equipped with an AI algorithm to identify the status of submerged vegetation (macroscopic plant status) based on the acquired image information. The camera can be a Hikvision S-2CD3T86 series, performing AI identification and analysis every 5 minutes during operation.

[0050] In step S3, water from tank 110 is drawn into the shared ecological monitoring unit 400 at set time intervals via a shared pumping system 300 to collect microscopic plant status data. This is achieved by coordinating the switching of multiple first solenoid valves 311 to operate specific tanks 110. In this step, one end of the shared pumping system 300 includes multiple parallel inner pipes 310, each equipped with a first solenoid valve 311, which connect to multiple tanks 110. The shared pumping system 300 can operate as a peristaltic pump, turbine pump, or diaphragm pump, etc. Through the inner pipes 310, the shared pumping system 300 can selectively pump out portions of water from different tanks 110 for water level adjustment or testing. The shared ecological monitoring unit 400 is located at the other end of the shared pumping system 300 and is used to detect the microscopic plant status. The shared ecological monitoring unit 400 is a relatively precise or expensive instrument. For example, the shared ecological monitoring unit 400 may include a flow cytometer. Phytoplankton communities are automatically analyzed using flow cytometry (FCM), which collects 200 mL water samples per hour. The other end of the shared pumping system 300 can also be configured to simultaneously connect to multiple shared ecological monitoring units 400.

[0051] In step S4, the data collected by the independent ecological monitoring unit 130 and the data collected by the shared ecological monitoring unit 400 are matched and fused to form a time-series dataset. In the above steps, considering the lag in the test results of the shared ecological monitoring unit 400, and also the possibility of matching to a specific bucket 110, matching and fusion are necessary to establish a correspondence between the independent ecological monitoring unit 130 and the shared ecological monitoring unit 400.

[0052] In one embodiment, step S3 is followed by reversing the operation of the common pumping system 300 to pump the water in the common pumping system 300 back to the tank 110.

[0053] In this embodiment, the shared pumping system 300 operates in both directions. After the shared ecological monitoring unit 400 completes the test, the water in the shared pumping system 300 is pumped back to the tank 110 through reverse operation. During this process, the on and off states of the multiple first solenoid valves 311 are adjusted according to the tank 110 to be operated.

[0054] In one embodiment, the first solenoid valve 311 is a two-position three-way type and is normally closed. The two working positions of the first solenoid valve 311 respectively connect the inner end pipe 310 and connect the other end of the common pumping system 300 to the outside. Step S3 includes switching the first solenoid valve 311 corresponding to the tank 110 to a state that connects the other end of the shared pumping system 300 to the outside, and then restarting the shared pumping system 300 to remove the remaining water in the shared pumping system 300.

[0055] In this embodiment, considering that in some cases the water in the shared pumping system 300 is not suitable for being transported back to the tank 110 (e.g., affecting experimental efficiency and accuracy), the first solenoid valve 311 is limited to a two-position three-way type and is normally closed. When one of the first solenoid valves 311 is in the state of opening the inner pipe 310, and the other solenoid valves are in the closed state, the shared pumping system 300 can complete the action of pumping or injecting into a specific tank 110. When one of the first solenoid valves 311 is in the state of opening the other end of the shared pumping system 300 to the outside, and the other solenoid valves are in the closed state, the shared pumping system 300 can remove residual water from the shared pumping system 300.

[0056] In one embodiment, the other end of the shared pumping system 300 includes an outer end pipe 320 connected in parallel and equipped with a second solenoid valve 321. The shared ecological monitoring unit 400 is disposed on the outer end pipe 320. One of the outer end pipes 320 is connected to a pure water tank 322. The shared pumping system 300 is bidirectional.

[0057] In this embodiment, the shared pumping system 300 can be a peristaltic pump, a turbine pump, or a diaphragm pump, etc., and needs to be able to perform bidirectional pumping requirements. Since it is a bidirectional pump structure, there are no input and output ends. One end of the shared pumping system 300 includes multiple parallel inner pipes 310, and the other end includes multiple parallel outer pipes 320. Multiple tanks 110 are connected through the inner pipes 310, while multiple shared ecological monitoring units 400 can be installed through the multiple outer pipes 320. A pure water tank 322 is connected to one of the outer pipes 320. By reversing the operation of the shared pumping system 300, clean water in the pure water tank 322 is pumped to clean the shared pumping system 300. Specifically, during the cleaning process, the first solenoid valve on the inner pipe 310 that needs to be cleaned can be switched to a state that connects the other end of the shared pumping system 300 to the outside. The second solenoid valve 321 corresponding to the pure water tank 322 is opened, while the other second solenoid valves 321 are closed. At this time, the shared pumping system 300 works in reverse, pumping the clean water in the pure water tank 322 to clean the corresponding part of the shared pumping system 300.

[0058] In summary, the device and method for assessing the impact of human activities on plateau lake ecosystems provided by this invention, through a semi-buried tank 110 combined with a hydrological control module 120, effectively recreates the low-temperature environment and underground heat exchange characteristics of plateau lakes, overcoming the fundamental deficiency of existing medium-altitude systems in simulating the low-temperature / low-pressure environment of plateaus. Through the coordinated operation of the atmospheric testing unit 200, the independent ecological monitoring unit 130, the independent pumping system 140, and the hydrological control module 120, dynamic simulation of the superimposed interference of eutrophication and climate warming can be achieved, overcoming the limitation that laboratory micro-devices cannot recreate complex habitats. The shared pumping system 300 significantly reduces the overall system cost, saving on lake ecological restoration costs and providing data support for plateau lake management and water environment protection.

[0059] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for assessing the impact of human activities on plateau lake ecosystems, characterized in that, include: Multiple simulation units are distributed on the base surface. Each simulation unit includes a tank, a hydrological control module, an independent ecological monitoring unit, and an independent pumping system. The tank is semi-buried. The input end of the independent pumping system is connected to at least one chemical solution tank, while the output end is set inside the tank. The test end of the independent ecological monitoring unit is set inside the tank and is used to monitor water environment parameters and macroscopic plant status. The hydrological control module is used to control at least a portion of the water environment parameters of the tank. The atmospheric testing department is used to test atmospheric environmental data. A shared pumping system includes multiple parallel internal pipes equipped with a first solenoid valve at one end, and the multiple internal pipes are respectively connected to multiple barrels; A shared ecological monitoring unit is located at the other end of the shared pumping system and is used to detect the status of micro-plants. The control center connects and controls the independent ecological monitoring unit, the independent pumping system, the hydrological control module, the shared pumping system, the shared ecological monitoring unit, and the atmospheric testing unit.

2. The apparatus for assessing the impact of human activities on plateau lake ecosystems according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first solenoid valve is a two-position three-way valve and is normally closed. In the two working positions of the first solenoid valve, the inner end pipeline is connected and the other end of the common pumping system is connected to the outside.

3. The apparatus for assessing the impact of human activities on plateau lake ecosystems according to claim 2, characterized in that, The other end of the shared pumping system includes multiple external pipes connected in parallel and equipped with a second solenoid valve. The shared ecological monitoring unit is located on one of the external pipes, and one of the external pipes is connected to a pure water tank. The shared pumping system is bidirectional.

4. The apparatus for assessing the impact of human activities on plateau lake ecosystems according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The independent ecological monitoring unit includes a high-frequency water quality sensor and a camera.

5. The apparatus for assessing the impact of human activities on plateau lake ecosystems according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The shared ecological monitoring unit includes a flow cytometer.

6. The apparatus for assessing the impact of human activities on plateau lake ecosystems according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The barrel is made of PP with a thickness of 1.0 to 2.0 cm, and has a diameter of 3 to 5 m and a height of 3 to 4 m. Multiple vertically arranged structural rods are arranged around the outer wall of the barrel.

7. A method applied to the apparatus for assessing the impact of human activities on plateau lake ecosystems as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, include: S1. Receive interference program, the interference program consists of at least one of mode A, mode B and mode C, wherein mode A is to control the independent pumping system to pump the medicine in the medicine tank into the tank according to a set system, mode B is to control the temperature of the tank according to a set system change by the hydrological control module, and mode C is to control the wave frequency and flow rate in the tank according to a set system change by the hydrological control module. S2. Control the independent ecological monitoring department to collect and monitor water environment parameters and macroscopic plant status at set time intervals; S3. Water from the tank is drawn into the shared ecological monitoring unit at set time intervals to collect microscopic plant status, wherein the operation of a specific tank is achieved by coordinating the switching of multiple first solenoid valves. S4. The data collected by the independent ecological monitoring department and the data collected by the shared ecological monitoring department are matched and fused to form a time series dataset.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, Step S3 is followed by reversing the operation of the shared pumping system to pump the water in the shared pumping system back into the tank.

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first solenoid valve is a two-position three-way type and is normally closed. In the two working positions of the first solenoid valve, the inner end pipeline is connected and the other end of the common pumping system is connected to the outside. Step S3 includes switching the first solenoid valve corresponding to the barrel to a state that connects the other end of the shared pumping system to the outside, and then restarting the shared pumping system to remove the remaining water from the shared pumping system.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The other end of the shared pumping system includes an outer end pipe connected in parallel and equipped with a second solenoid valve. The shared ecological monitoring unit is located on the outer end pipe. One of the outer end pipes is connected to a pure water tank. The shared pumping system is bidirectional.

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