Lubricating oil wear resistance detection device and lubricating oil aging detection method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of lubricating oil aging testing, in particular to a lubricating oil abrasion resistance detection device and a lubricating oil aging detection method.The lubricating oil abrasion resistance detection device comprises an oil storage device used for storing lubricating oil and a detection cavity fixed to a rack, and a piston is arranged in the detection cavity in a sliding fit mode; a pump body used for conveying lubricating oil in the oil storage device into the detection cavity is fixed to the rack, a backflow pipeline communicated with the oil storage device is fixed to the bottom of the detection cavity, the pump body comprises a first transmission shaft arranged at the output end and connected with the impeller, and the first transmission shaft is matched with the piston through a first linkage mechanism. According to the invention, through a core mechanism of single power source driving, double mechanism synchronization and interval adjustable valve control, programmable dynamic control of a pressure change mode in a detection cavity is realized; and a more accurate and reliable test environment closer to a real working condition is provided for evaluating the wear resistance and aging degree of the lubricating oil.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lubricating oil aging testing technology, specifically a lubricating oil anti-wear testing device and a method for lubricating oil aging testing. Background Technology

[0002] During use, lubricating oil's anti-wear properties gradually decline due to the combined effects of pressure, shear, temperature, and contaminants, a process known as "aging." Accurately and efficiently evaluating the degree of lubricating oil aging and its anti-wear performance retention rate is of great significance for preventive equipment maintenance, oil research and development, and quality control.

[0003] Currently, most common lubricating oil anti-wear testing devices use fixed or simple cyclic pressure loading methods, testing oil samples under constant or periodic steady-state pressure through pistons or friction pairs. However, in actual working conditions, the pressure on the lubrication interface inside mechanical equipment often exhibits dynamic and intermittent impact characteristics, and the pressure peak and duration vary with the working conditions. Existing testing devices are difficult to simulate this dynamic and adjustable pressure impact process, especially lacking precise and programmable control over the pressure application time. This results in a gap between the test conditions and the actual working conditions, and the obtained anti-wear data cannot fully reflect the aging behavior and performance limits of the oil under actual complex stress.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design a testing device that can dynamically simulate real pressure conditions. The core of this device is to achieve flexible control over the pressure change pattern in the testing chamber, especially to dynamically adjust the duration of pressure release, so as to more realistically simulate the dynamic load on the piston under varying conditions, thereby more accurately evaluating the anti-wear performance and aging degree of lubricating oil. To this end, we provide a lubricating oil anti-wear testing device and a lubricating oil aging testing method to solve the problems mentioned above. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a lubricating oil anti-wear testing device and a lubricating oil aging testing method, which can more realistically simulate the dynamic load on the piston under varying working conditions during lubricating oil anti-wear testing, thereby more accurately evaluating the anti-wear performance and aging degree of the lubricating oil, and solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A lubricating oil anti-wear testing device includes an oil reservoir for storing lubricating oil and a testing chamber fixed on a frame. A piston is slidably fitted inside the testing chamber. A pump body for conveying lubricating oil from the oil reservoir to the testing chamber is fixed on the frame. A return pipe communicating with the oil reservoir is fixed at the bottom of the testing chamber. The pump body includes a first drive shaft connected to an impeller at its output end. The first drive shaft and the piston are connected by a first linkage mechanism. When the first drive shaft rotates, it drives the piston to move up and down reciprocally. A valve structure is installed on the passage of the return pipeline. The valve structure includes a valve body fixed on the return pipeline, a valve core rotatably fitted inside the valve body, and a rocker arm fixed to the valve core rotatably mounted on the valve body. A push plate is slidably mounted on the frame. The push plate is connected to the first drive shaft via a second linkage mechanism. When the first drive shaft rotates, it drives the push plate to reciprocate linearly. The push plate is equipped with a high-position lever and a low-position lever. When the push plate moves linearly, it drives the high-position lever and the low-position lever to move synchronously, thereby actuating the rocker arm to reciprocate and control the opening and closing of the valve structure. The push plate is also equipped with a drive device that drives the low-position lever to move relative to the high-position lever. By changing the distance between the low-position lever and the high-position lever, the opening time of the valve structure can be controlled to achieve delayed pressurization of the internal pressure of the detection chamber.

[0007] As described above, a lubricating oil anti-wear testing device is provided with an oil inlet pipe fixedly connected to the inlet of the pump body and communicating with the inside of the oil reservoir, and an oil outlet pipe fixedly connected to the outlet of the pump body and extending into the inner cavity of the testing chamber.

[0008] As described above, a lubricating oil anti-wear testing device includes a first linkage mechanism comprising a driven shaft rotatably mounted on a frame, the driven shaft being coupled to a first transmission shaft via a first gear mechanism, the first transmission shaft rotating to drive the driven shaft to rotate, an eccentric wheel fixed on the driven shaft, a connecting pin fixed on the eccentric wheel, a connecting rod being provided between the connecting pin and a piston, and the two ends of the connecting rod being hinged to the connecting pin and the piston, respectively.

[0009] A lubricating oil anti-wear testing device as described above: the first gear mechanism includes a driving gear fixed on a first transmission shaft and a driven gear fixed on a driven shaft, wherein the driving gear meshes with the driven gear.

[0010] As described above, a lubricating oil anti-wear testing device is provided: the push plate is slidably mounted on the frame via a sliding assembly, the sliding assembly including a slide rail fixed on the frame and a slider fixed to the bottom of the push plate, the slider being slidably engaged inside the slide rail.

[0011] As described above, a lubricating oil anti-wear testing device includes a second linkage mechanism comprising a support base fixed on a frame, a second transmission shaft rotatably mounted on the frame, a turntable fixed to the second transmission shaft rotatably mounted on the support base, the second transmission shaft cooperating with a first transmission shaft via a first sprocket mechanism, the first transmission shaft rotating causing the second transmission shaft to rotate, a sector gear rotatably mounted on the support base, a drive frame fixed on the sector gear, an eccentric shaft fixed on the turntable, the eccentric shaft being movably engaged inside the drive frame, a slide rod slidably mounted on the support base, a rack fixed on the slide rod meshing with the sector gear, and both ends of the slide rod being fixed to push plates.

[0012] A lubricating oil anti-wear testing device as described above: the first sprocket mechanism includes a driven sprocket fixed on a second transmission shaft and a driving sprocket fixed on a first transmission shaft, wherein the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket are driven by a chain.

[0013] A lubricating oil anti-wear testing device as described above: the driving device includes an adjusting screw rotatably mounted on a push plate, an adjusting block that is threadedly engaged with the adjusting screw is fixed at the bottom of the low-position paddle, a motor is fixed on the push plate, the output end of the motor is connected to the adjusting screw through a coupling to drive the adjusting screw to rotate, a guide groove is provided on the push plate, the low-position paddle is movably engaged in the guide groove, and a limiting component is provided on the push plate when the low-position paddle moves.

[0014] As described above, a lubricating oil anti-wear testing device includes two guide rods symmetrically distributed on both sides of an adjusting screw and fixed on a push plate, the guide rods passing through the adjusting block.

[0015] A method for testing the aging of lubricating oil using the aforementioned lubricating oil anti-wear testing device includes the following steps: S1, inject the lubricating oil to be tested into the oil reservoir, and adjust the distance between the low-position push block and the high-position push block on the push plate according to the target test conditions, so as to preset the opening time and delay pressure parameters of the valve structure. S2, start the pump body, its first drive shaft rotates, on the one hand, it drives the piston to move up and down in the detection chamber through the first linkage mechanism, to periodically pressurize and shear the lubricating oil; on the other hand, the first drive shaft drives the push plate to move back and forth linearly through the second linkage mechanism, so that the high position and low position blocks on it cyclically move the swing arm of the valve structure, controlling the periodic opening and closing of the return pipeline, thereby generating pressure shocks inside the detection chamber at a set frequency and delay time, simulating the aging environment of lubricating oil under harsh working conditions; S3, within the set cumulative running time or number of cycles, monitor and record the pressure change curve inside the detection chamber; S4. After the operation is completed, an oil sample is taken out from the oil reservoir for physicochemical index analysis to assess the loss of anti-wear performance of the lubricating oil and thus determine its aging degree.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention, by setting a high-position pusher block and a low-position pusher block with adjustable spacing on the pusher plate, and cooperating with the linkage mechanism driven by the first transmission shaft of the same power source, achieves precise and dynamic control of the valve structure opening duration and opening and closing rhythm. By adjusting the position of the low-position pusher block relative to the high-position pusher block, the opening duration of the valve in each working cycle can be continuously changed, so that the pressure impact inside the detection chamber is no longer a fixed mode, but the width, interval and delay time of the pressure pulse can be set as needed. This can more realistically simulate the dynamic and intermittent impact loads borne by the piston and its lubrication interface under the actual complex and variable working conditions of mechanical equipment. Furthermore, this invention combines constant mechanical drive (i.e., the reciprocating pressure and shearing of the piston) with programmable hydraulic impact (i.e., delayed pressurization controlled by a valve structure), creating an accelerated aging condition that more closely resembles the harsh working environment in reality. Testing the lubricating oil under these conditions allows for a more comprehensive examination of the oil's anti-wear performance degradation under the combined effects of dynamic pressure, shearing, and pressure impact. The obtained test data better reflects the aging behavior and performance limits of the lubricating oil in actual use, resulting in more accurate and reliable evaluation results. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a first-view schematic diagram of the overall structure of a lubricating oil anti-wear testing device.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a lubricating oil anti-wear testing device from a second perspective.

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the decomposed part of the structure.

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the decomposed part of the structure.

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the decomposed part of the structure.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the valve structure of a lubricating oil anti-wear testing device.

[0023] Figure 7 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the decomposed part of the structure.

[0024] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the decomposed part of the structure.

[0025] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the decomposed part of the structure.

[0026] Figure 10 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the decomposed part of the structure.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Detection chamber; 3. Piston; 4. Pump body; 5. Oil inlet pipe; 6. Oil outlet pipe; 7. First drive shaft; 8. Driven shaft; 9. Drive gear; 10. Driven gear; 11. Eccentric wheel; 12. Connecting rod; 13. Return pipe; 14. Valve body; 15. Valve core; 16. Rocker arm; 17. Push plate; 18. High-position lever; 19. Low-position lever; 20. Slide rail; 21. 21. Slider; 22. Adjusting screw; 23. Motor; 24. Adjusting block; 25. Guide rod; 26. Guide groove; 27. Support base; 28. Second drive shaft; 29. ​​Turntable; 30. Sector gear; 31. Drive frame; 32. Eccentric shaft; 33. Slide rod; 34. Rack; 35. Drive sprocket; 36. Driven sprocket; 37. Chain; 38. Oil reservoir; 39. Oil drain valve; 40. Connecting pin. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0029] Please see Figures 1-10 As an embodiment of the present invention, a lubricating oil anti-wear testing device and a lubricating oil aging testing method include an oil reservoir 38 for storing lubricating oil and a testing chamber 2 fixed on a frame 1. A piston 3 is slidably fitted inside the testing chamber 2. A pump body 4 for conveying lubricating oil from the oil reservoir 38 to the testing chamber 2 is fixed on the frame 1. A return pipe 13 communicating with the oil reservoir 38 is fixed at the bottom of the testing chamber 2. The pump body 4 includes a first drive shaft 7 connected to an impeller at its output end. The first drive shaft 7 and the piston 3 are connected by a first linkage mechanism. When the first drive shaft 7 rotates, it drives the piston 3 to move up and down reciprocally. A valve structure is installed on the passage of the return pipeline 13. The valve structure includes a valve body 14 fixed on the return pipeline 13, a valve core 15 rotatably fitted inside the valve body 14, and a rocker arm 16 fixed to the valve core 15 rotatably mounted on the valve body 14. A push plate 17 is slidably mounted on the frame 1. The push plate 17 is connected to the first drive shaft 7 through a second linkage mechanism. When the first drive shaft 7 rotates, it drives the push plate 17 to move back and forth linearly. The push plate 17 is equipped with a high-position lever 18 and a low-position lever 19. When the push plate 17 moves linearly, it drives the high-position lever 18 and the low-position lever 19 to move synchronously, thereby actuating the rocker arm 16 to swing back and forth to control the opening and closing of the valve structure. The push plate 17 is also equipped with a drive device that drives the low-position lever 19 to move relative to the high-position lever 18. By changing the distance between the low-position lever 19 and the high-position lever 18, the opening time of the valve structure can be controlled to achieve delayed pressurization of the internal pressure of the detection chamber 2.

[0030] In this embodiment, a clearance is provided between the piston 3 and the inner wall of the detection chamber 2 to facilitate the lubricating oil to penetrate into the clearance and form a lubrication and pressure interface. During use, the pump body 4 is electrically connected to an external power source via a wire. Starting the pump body 4 delivers the lubricating oil from the oil reservoir 38 into the detection chamber 2. The first drive shaft 7 at the output end of the pump body 4 also rotates accordingly. The rotation of the first drive shaft 7, on the one hand, drives the piston 3 to reciprocate up and down within the detection chamber 2 via the first linkage mechanism, periodically compressing and shearing the lubricating oil to form a basic pressure; on the other hand, the rotation of the first drive shaft 7 drives the push plate 17 to reciprocate linearly via the second linkage mechanism. The high-position push block 18 and the low-position push block 19 on the push plate 17 move synchronously with this movement. During operation, the rocker arm 16, which is fixed to the valve core 15, is cyclically actuated, thereby causing the valve structure to open and close periodically. When the valve structure is open, the high-pressure lubricating oil in the detection chamber 2 can flow back to the oil reservoir 38 through the return pipe 13 to achieve pressure relief. When the valve structure is closed, the pressure inside the detection chamber 2 rises again under the continuous action of the piston 3. The high-position lever 18 is fixed on the push plate 17. The distance between the low-position lever 19 and the high-position lever 18 can be changed by the drive device, so as to precisely control the opening duration of the valve structure in each working cycle, thereby dynamically adjusting the rhythm of pressure building, holding and releasing inside the detection chamber 2, and achieving a controllable delayed pressurization effect to simulate the complex and variable dynamic pressure shock in actual working conditions.

[0031] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the pump body 4 has an inlet port fixedly connected to an oil inlet pipe 5 that communicates with the inside of the oil reservoir 38, and an outlet port fixedly connected to an outlet pipe 6 that extends into the inner cavity of the detection chamber 2.

[0032] In this embodiment, the oil inlet pipe 5 is used to draw lubricating oil from the oil reservoir 38, while the oil outlet pipe 6 delivers the pressurized lubricating oil to the inside of the detection chamber 2, forming a basic oil supply and pressurization circuit. At the same time, the bottom of the oil reservoir 38 is fixed with an oil drain valve 39, which facilitates the removal of oil samples for physicochemical index analysis after testing.

[0033] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the first linkage mechanism includes a driven shaft 8 rotatably mounted on the frame 1. The driven shaft 8 is engaged with the first transmission shaft 7 through a first gear mechanism. When the first transmission shaft 7 rotates, it will drive the driven shaft 8 to rotate. An eccentric wheel 11 is fixed on the driven shaft 8. A connecting pin 40 is fixed on the eccentric wheel 11. A connecting rod 12 is provided between the connecting pin 40 and the piston 3. The two ends of the connecting rod 12 are respectively hinged to the connecting pin 40 and the piston 3.

[0034] In this embodiment, the rotational motion of the first drive shaft 7 is transmitted to the driven shaft 8 through the first gear mechanism, which drives the eccentric wheel 11 to rotate. The rotational motion of the eccentric wheel 11 is converted into the linear reciprocating motion of the piston 3 in the detection chamber 2 through the connecting pin 40 and the connecting rod 12, thereby realizing the periodic pressure of the lubricating oil.

[0035] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the first gear mechanism includes a driving gear 9 fixed on the first transmission shaft 7 and a driven gear 10 fixed on the driven shaft 8, wherein the driving gear 9 meshes with the driven gear 10.

[0036] In this embodiment, the power and motion of the first transmission shaft 7 are precisely transmitted to the driven shaft 8 through the meshing of the driving gear 9 and the driven gear 10, so that the first transmission shaft 7 drives the driven shaft 8 to rotate when it rotates.

[0037] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the push plate 17 is slidably mounted on the frame 1 by a sliding assembly. The sliding assembly includes a slide rail 20 fixed on the frame 1 and a slider 21 fixed on the bottom of the push plate 17. The slider 21 is slidably engaged inside the slide rail 20.

[0038] In this embodiment, the cooperation between the slider 21 and the slide rail 20 ensures that the push plate 17 can smoothly and steadily reciprocate linearly in the set direction, providing a basis for precise control of valve opening and closing.

[0039] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the second linkage mechanism includes a support base 27 fixed on the frame 1, a second transmission shaft 28 rotatably mounted on the frame 1, a turntable 29 fixed to the second transmission shaft 28 rotatably mounted on the support base 27, the second transmission shaft 28 and the first transmission shaft 7 are connected by a first sprocket mechanism, when the first transmission shaft 7 rotates, it will drive the second transmission shaft 28 to rotate, a sector gear 30 rotatably mounted on the support base 27, a drive frame 31 fixed on the sector gear 30, an eccentric shaft 32 fixed on the turntable 29, the eccentric shaft 32 is movably engaged inside the drive frame 31, a slide rod 33 is slidably arranged on the support base 27, a rack 34 that meshes with the sector gear 30 is fixed on the slide rod 33, and both ends of the slide rod 33 are fixed to the push plate 17.

[0040] In this embodiment, the rotation of the first drive shaft 7 drives the second drive shaft 28 and the turntable 29 to rotate through the first sprocket mechanism. The eccentric shaft 32 on the turntable 29 moves within the drive frame 31, converting the rotational motion of the turntable 29 into the reciprocating oscillation of the sector gear 30. The rack 34 meshing with the sector gear 30 oscillates accordingly, driving the slide rod 33 and push plate 17 fixed thereto to perform reciprocating linear motion, thereby driving the high-position lever 18 and the low-position lever 19 to perform reciprocating linear motion.

[0041] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the first sprocket mechanism includes a driven sprocket 36 fixed on the second transmission shaft 28 and a driving sprocket 35 fixed on the first transmission shaft 7, with the driving sprocket 35 and the driven sprocket 36 being driven by a chain 37.

[0042] In this embodiment, when the first drive shaft 7 rotates, it drives the drive sprocket 35 to rotate. The drive sprocket 35 and the driven sprocket 36 are driven to rotate by the chain 37, thereby driving the second drive shaft 28 to rotate. The sprocket and chain drive mechanism can achieve synchronous power transmission over a long distance, ensuring the coordination between valve control action and piston pressurization action.

[0043] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the driving device includes an adjusting screw 22 rotatably mounted on the push plate 17, an adjusting block 24 that is threadedly engaged with the adjusting screw 22 is fixed at the bottom of the low-position lever 19, a motor 23 is fixed on the push plate 17, the output end of the motor 23 is connected to the adjusting screw 22 through a coupling to drive the adjusting screw 22 to rotate, a guide groove 26 is provided on the push plate 17, the low-position lever 19 is movably engaged in the guide groove 26, and a limiting component is provided on the push plate 17 when the low-position lever 19 moves.

[0044] In this embodiment, the motor 23 is electrically connected to an external power source via a wire. Starting the motor 23 can drive the adjusting screw 22 to rotate. Since the low-position lever 19 is threadedly engaged with the adjusting screw 22 via the adjusting block 24 and its main body is stuck in the guide groove 26, the rotation of the adjusting screw 22 will be converted into the linear movement of the low-position lever 19 along the direction of the guide groove 26. Thus, while the low-position lever 19 and the high-position lever 18 are reciprocating linearly, the distance between the low-position lever 19 and the high-position lever 18 can be precisely adjusted at the same time.

[0045] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the limiting component includes two guide rods 25 symmetrically distributed on both sides of the adjusting screw 22 and fixed on the push plate 17, with the guide rods 25 passing through the adjusting block 24.

[0046] In this embodiment, the two guide rods 25 pass through the adjusting block 24, which can effectively prevent the adjusting block 24 and the low-position lever 19 from deflecting during the movement, ensuring the linear accuracy and stability of their movement, thereby ensuring the accuracy of valve opening time control.

[0047] The working principle of this invention is as follows: First, the lubricating oil to be tested is injected into the oil reservoir 38, and the pump body 4 is started. Its first transmission shaft 7 acts as a single power source to synchronously drive two sets of mechanisms. In the first path, the rotation is converted into the reciprocating motion of the piston 3 in the detection chamber 2 through the first linkage mechanism, applying periodic basic pressure and shear stress to the lubricating oil. In the second path, the same rotation is converted into the precise reciprocating linear motion of the push plate 17 through the second linkage mechanism. The push plate 17 drives the high-position paddle 18 and the low-position paddle 19 on it to move synchronously. In the reciprocating motion, the two paddles sequentially paddle the rocker arm 16 fixed to the valve core 15, thereby controlling the periodic opening and closing of the valve structure. When the valve is open, the high-pressure oil is released through the return pipe 13; when the valve is closed, the continuous movement of the piston 3 causes the pressure to accumulate again. In addition, when the high-position paddle 18 and the low-position paddle 19 reciprocate, the distance between the two paddles can be adjusted to generate pressure within the detection chamber 2. Precise control of dynamic pressure shocks simulating complex actual working conditions is achieved. For example, within a test cycle, the valve structure can be initially set to open for 5 minutes and close for 4 minutes to simulate a pressure shock frequency within the detection chamber 2. Subsequently, by adjusting the distance between the two levers, the valve can be changed to open for 4 minutes and close for 5 minutes, forming different pressure holding and release rhythms. This can then be adjusted again to open for 3 minutes and close for 6 minutes, thereby realizing the dynamic, stepwise change of pressure within the detection chamber 2. This highly replicates the fluctuations and uncertainties of loads in complex actual working conditions. Throughout the test, a pressure sensor installed within the detection chamber 2 can monitor the pressure change curve in real time. Combined with the analysis of the physicochemical indicators of the oil sample after operation, including changes in viscosity, increase in acid value, and wear metal content, the anti-wear performance degradation of the lubricating oil under this dynamic pressure condition can be comprehensively evaluated, thus determining its degree of aging.

[0048] The above embodiments are exemplary and not restrictive. Therefore, any technical solutions that can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention are included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for detecting the anti-wear properties of lubricating oil, comprising an oil reservoir (38) for storing lubricating oil and a detection chamber (2) fixed to a frame (1), characterized in that, The detection cavity (2) is slidably connected with a piston (3), the rack (1) is fixed with a pump body (4) for conveying lubricating oil in an oil reservoir (38) to the inside of the detection cavity (2), the bottom of the detection cavity (2) is fixed with a return pipeline (13) in communication with the oil reservoir (38), the pump body (4) comprises a first transmission shaft (7) connected with an impeller and arranged at an output end, the first transmission shaft (7) is connected with the piston (3) through a first linkage mechanism, and the first transmission shaft (7) rotates to drive the piston (3) to move up and down reciprocatingly. A valve structure is installed on the passage of the return pipeline (13), the valve structure comprises a valve body (14) fixed on the return pipeline (13), a valve core (15) is rotatably connected in the valve body (14), and a swing rod (16) fixed with the valve core (15) is rotatably installed on the valve body (14). The rack (1) is slidably provided with a push plate (17), the push plate (17) is connected with the first transmission shaft (7) through a second linkage mechanism, the first transmission shaft (7) rotates to drive the push plate (17) to move linearly reciprocatingly, the push plate (17) is provided with a high-positioned push block (18) and a low-positioned push block (19), the push plate (17) drives the high-positioned push block (18) and the low-positioned push block (19) to move synchronously when the push plate (17) moves linearly, so that the swing rod (16) is driven to swing reciprocatingly, and the opening and closing of the valve structure are controlled, the push plate (17) is further provided with a driving device for driving the low-positioned push block (19) to move relative to the high-positioned push block (18), the interval between the low-positioned push block (19) and the high-positioned push block (18) can be changed to control the opening time of the valve structure, and the delayed pressure increase of the internal pressure of the detection cavity (2) is realized.

2. The apparatus for detecting antiwear property of lubricating oil according to claim 1, wherein The pump body (4) is fixedly connected with an oil inlet pipe (5) in communication with the inside of the oil reservoir (38), and the oil outlet pipe (6) is fixedly connected with the oil outlet pipe (6) extending into the inner cavity of the detection cavity (2).

3. The apparatus for detecting antiwear property of lubricating oil according to claim 1, wherein The first linkage mechanism comprises a driven shaft (8) rotatably installed on the rack (1), the driven shaft (8) is connected with the first transmission shaft (7) through a first gear mechanism, the first transmission shaft (7) rotates to drive the driven shaft (8) to rotate, the driven shaft (8) is fixed with an eccentric wheel (11), the eccentric wheel (11) is fixed with a connecting pin (40), a connecting rod (12) is arranged between the connecting pin (40) and the piston (3), and the two ends of the connecting rod (12) are respectively hinged with the connecting pin (40) and the piston (3).

4. The apparatus for detecting antiwear property of lubricating oil according to claim 3, wherein The first gear mechanism comprises a driving gear (9) fixed on the first transmission shaft (7) and a driven gear (10) fixed on the driven shaft (8), and the driving gear (9) is engaged with the driven gear (10).

5. The apparatus for detecting antiwear property of lubricating oil according to claim 1, wherein The push plate (17) is slidably arranged on the rack (1) through a sliding assembly, the sliding assembly comprises a sliding rail (20) fixed on the rack (1) and a sliding block (21) fixed on the bottom of the push plate (17), and the sliding block (21) is slidably connected in the sliding rail (20).

6. The apparatus for detecting antiwear property of lubricating oil according to claim 1, wherein The second linkage mechanism comprises a support seat (27) fixed on the rack (1), a second transmission shaft (28) rotatably installed on the rack (1), a rotating disc (29) rotatably installed on the support seat (27) and fixed with the second transmission shaft (28), the first transmission shaft (7) and the second transmission shaft (28) are connected through the first sprocket mechanism, the second transmission shaft (28) is driven to rotate when the first transmission shaft (7) rotates, a sector gear (30) rotatably installed on the support seat (27), a driving frame (31) fixed on the sector gear (30), an eccentric shaft (32) fixed on the rotating disc (29) and movably clamped in the driving frame (31), and a sliding rod (33) slidably arranged on the support seat (27) and fixed with a rack (34) engaged with the sector gear (30) and with a push plate (17) at both ends.

7. A device for detecting the antiwear property of lubricating oil according to claim 6, wherein The first sprocket mechanism comprises a driven sprocket (36) fixed on the second transmission shaft (28) and a driving sprocket (35) fixed on the first transmission shaft (7), and the driving sprocket (35) and the driven sprocket (36) are connected through a chain (37).

8. The apparatus for detecting antiwear property of lubricating oil according to claim 1, wherein The driving device comprises an adjusting screw (22) rotatably installed on the push plate (17), an adjusting block (24) fixed at the bottom of the low-position dial block (19) and threadedly connected with the adjusting screw (22), a motor (23) fixed on the push plate (17), an output end of the motor (23) connected with the adjusting screw (22) through a shaft coupling to drive the adjusting screw (22) to rotate, a guide groove (26) formed in the push plate (17) and movably clamping the low-position dial block (19) in the guide groove (26), and a limiting component for the low-position dial block (19) to move.

9. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein, The limiting component comprises two guide rods (25) fixed on the push plate (17) and symmetrically arranged at both sides of the adjusting screw (22), and the guide rods (25) penetrate through the adjusting block (24).

10. A method for detecting the aging of lubricating oil using the apparatus for detecting the anti-wear property of lubricating oil according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps, S1, injecting the lubricating oil to be tested into the oil storage device (38), adjusting the distance between the low-position dial block (19) and the high-position dial block (18) on the push plate (17) through the driving device according to the target test condition, and presetting the opening time and the delay boost parameter of the valve structure; S2, starting the pump body (4), rotating the first transmission shaft (7), driving the piston (3) to reciprocate up and down in the detection cavity (2) through the first linkage mechanism to periodically press and shear the lubricating oil, and driving the push plate (17) to reciprocate linearly through the second linkage mechanism, so that the high-position dial block (18) and the low-position dial block (19) on the push plate (17) cyclically dial the swing rod (16) of the valve structure to control the periodic opening and closing of the return pipeline (13), so that the pressure impact in the detection cavity (2) is generated according to the set frequency and delay time to simulate the lubricating oil aging environment under severe working conditions. S3, monitor and record the pressure change curve in the detection cavity (2) within the set cumulative running time or cycle number; S4, after the operation is completed, take out the oil sample from the oil reservoir (38) for physicochemical index analysis, evaluate the anti-wear performance loss of the lubricating oil, and then determine the aging degree.

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