Drug detection extracting solution for electronic cigarette liquid, application of drug detection extracting solution, kit and rapid screening method for drugs in electronic cigarette liquid

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of drug immunodetection, and particularly relates to a drug detection extracting solution for electronic cigarette oil, application of the drug detection extracting solution, a kit and a rapid screening method for drugs in the electronic cigarette oil. The extracting solution comprises the following components: a buffer system, a surfactant S9, a saccharide protective agent, a polymer stabilizer, a surfactant TX100, a dissociation agent, an ion stabilizer and a metal ion chelating agent. The extracting solution can effectively overcome the interference of complex matrixes of electronic cigarette liquid and ensure the accuracy of immunodetection. The kit provided by the invention comprises the extracting solution, an immunochromatography test strip and a disposable quantitative sampling tube. The invention also provides a corresponding detection method. The scheme is easy and convenient to operate, screening can be rapidly and accurately completed on site, and the method is suitable for detecting various drugs and new psychoactive substances in the electronic cigarette liquid in various scenes such as public security drug enforcement, customs inspection, drug rehabilitation institutions and family self-test.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of drug immunoassay technology, and specifically relates to a drug detection extract for e-cigarette oil and its application, a reagent kit, and a rapid screening method for drugs in e-cigarette oil. Background Technology

[0002] E-cigarette liquids have complex compositions, typically containing propylene glycol, vegetable glycerin, flavorings, colorings, and nicotine, among other substances. In recent years, criminals have been adulterating e-cigarette liquids with various drugs and new psychoactive substances (such as synthetic cannabinoids, etomidate, and telalactamine) for sale and abuse, posing a serious threat to public security and health.

[0003] Currently, the main methods for detecting drugs in e-liquid are on-site rapid screening methods and laboratory confirmatory analysis methods.

[0004] First, rapid on-site screening methods, mainly used for preliminary assessments at law enforcement sites, drug rehabilitation centers, or homes, are fast but have limited accuracy. These methods are primarily divided into: (1) Immunochromatography (ICA): This method utilizes the specific binding reaction between antigen and antibody. If the e-liquid contains the target drug, it will competitively inhibit the drug on the test line (T line), causing the T line to not develop color or become lighter. Common forms include drug test strips and colloidal gold test strips.

[0005] (2) Portable Raman / infrared spectroscopy equipment: By irradiating the sample with a laser, the molecular structure is identified by analyzing its scattering spectrum, thereby identifying specific substances.

[0006] Second, laboratory confirmatory analysis methods, which are the "gold standard" for forensic identification and precision medicine, provide accurate and reliable results, but are time-consuming and costly. These methods are mainly divided into: (1) Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS): First, gas chromatography (GC) is used to separate the complex mixture in e-liquid into individual components, which are then ionized and fragmented by mass spectrometry (MS). Each component is accurately identified by analyzing the mass-to-charge ratio of the fragments.

[0007] (2) Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS / MS, especially UPLC-MS / MS): Similar to GC-MS, but using liquid chromatography (LC) for separation, it is particularly suitable for analyzing thermally unstable, non-volatile and high molecular weight compounds (such as synthetic cannabinoids).

[0008] Currently, traditional methods for detecting drugs in e-liquid mainly face the following challenges: First, while laboratory confirmatory methods such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS / MS) are highly accurate, the equipment is expensive, the operation is complex and time-consuming, and they require professional personnel to operate, which cannot meet the immediate requirements of rapid on-site screening.

[0009] Secondly, existing rapid on-site testing products (such as immunochromatographic test strips) are primarily designed for biological samples such as urine and saliva. When used directly to detect e-cigarette liquids, their high viscosity and complex matrix components (such as high concentrations of glycerol, propylene glycol, flavorings, and pigments) cause severe matrix interference, easily clogging the chromatographic membrane channels, inhibiting antigen-antibody reactions, and leading to false negatives (missed detections) or false positives (false alarms). Both specificity and accuracy are unsatisfactory. Furthermore, this method has a limited range of detection capabilities, typically only able to detect a few common drugs. It is essentially unable to detect the ever-emerging new psychoactive substances, especially structurally modified synthetic cannabinoids such as etomidate and teletamine.

[0010] Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field to develop a dedicated extraction solution and rapid on-site screening kit that can effectively overcome the interference of complex matrix in e-cigarette oil, is easy to operate, fast and accurate, and can detect a variety of drugs and new psychoactive substances in e-cigarette oil. Summary of the Invention

[0011] To address the problems of existing detection methods mentioned in the background section, this paper provides a drug detection extract for e-cigarette liquids, its application, a reagent kit, and a rapid screening method for drugs in e-cigarette liquids. The technical solution is as follows: The purpose of this application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an extractant that can effectively extract target analytes from e-cigarette oil and eliminate matrix interference. The extractant comprises a buffer system, surfactant S9, a saccharide protectant, a polymer stabilizer, surfactant TX100, a dissociating agent, an ion stabilizer, and a metal ion chelating agent. The volume concentration of surfactant S9 is 0.001%–10.0%; the mass-volume concentration of the saccharide protectant is 0.001%–15.0%; the mass-volume concentration of the polymer stabilizer is 0.001%–20.0%; the volume concentration of surfactant TX100 is 0.001%–10.0%; the mass-volume concentration of the dissociating agent is 0.002%–1.0%; the mass-volume concentration of the ion stabilizer is 0.005%–1.0%; and the mass-volume concentration of the metal ion chelating agent is 0.001%–10.0%.

[0012] In some embodiments, the volume concentration of surfactant S9 is 0.1% to 1.00%; the mass-volume concentration of the saccharide protectant is 0.5% to 1.5%; the mass-volume concentration of the polymer stabilizer is 0.05% to 0.2%; the volume concentration of surfactant TX100 is 0.5% to 1.0%; the mass-volume concentration of the dissociation agent is 0.002% to 0.005%; the mass-volume concentration of the ion stabilizer is 0.005% to 0.01%; and the mass-volume concentration of the metal ion chelating agent is 0.1% to 1.0%.

[0013] In some embodiments, the buffer system is a TRIS buffer system; the concentration of the TRIS buffer system is 5–10. 4 mM, preferably 10-100mM.

[0014] In some embodiments, the sugar protectant is sucrose; In some embodiments, the polymer stabilizer is PVP40; In some embodiments, the dissociation agent is sodium salicylate; In some embodiments, the ion stabilizer is NaCl; In some embodiments, the metal ion chelating agent is EDTA-Na2.

[0015] In some embodiments, the extract comprises a TRIS buffer system, surfactant S9, a sucrose protectant, polymer stabilizer PVP40, surfactant TX100, dissociation agent sodium salicylate, ion stabilizer NaCl, and metal ion chelating agent EDTA-Na2; wherein the volume concentration of surfactant S9 is 0.2%; the mass-volume concentration of the sucrose protectant is 1.0%; the mass-volume concentration of the polymer stabilizer is 0.1%; the volume concentration of surfactant TX100 is 0.5%; the mass-volume concentration of the dissociation agent is 0.005%; the mass-volume concentration of the ion stabilizer is 0.01%; and the mass-volume concentration of the metal ion chelating agent is 0.4%.

[0016] The present invention also provides an application of the extract as described above in the preparation of a test solution for e-liquid: the extract is mixed with an e-liquid sample, and the e-liquid sample is diluted with the extract to form a test solution, wherein the dilution factor is 10 to 10,000 times, preferably 10 to 100 times.

[0017] A drug test kit is also provided, comprising the extract as described above, and an immunochromatographic test strip for detecting at least one target drug.

[0018] In some embodiments, the target drug is selected from one or more of nicotine, etomidate, tetrahydrocannabinol, telalamine, morphine, methamphetamine, and ketamine.

[0019] In some embodiments, the drug test kit further includes a disposable sampling tube for quantitatively collecting e-liquid samples, an e-liquid extract tube for holding the extract, and a desiccant.

[0020] In some embodiments, in the drug testing kit, the e-liquid extraction tube contains the extraction liquid, and its opening is sealed with a sealing film.

[0021] A rapid screening method for drugs in e-cigarette liquid is also provided, which uses the kit as described in any one of claims 5-7, and includes the following steps: 1. Preparation of the test solution: Mix the e-liquid sample with the extract, and dilute the e-liquid sample with the extract to form the test solution; 2. Sample addition: Apply the test solution onto the immunochromatographic test strip; 3. Reading the results: After the reaction, interpret the results based on the color development of the test line and control line on the immunochromatographic test strip.

[0022] In some embodiments, the process of preparing the test solution is as follows: 1) Use the tip of a disposable sampling tube to break open the sealing film of the e-liquid extraction tube, and set it aside; 2) Open the e-cigarette cartridge by drilling a hole from the bottom or side of the e-cigarette, and use a disposable sampling tube to contact the e-liquid inside the cartridge; 3) The disposable sampling tube automatically draws e-liquid to one-third to one-half of its volume to collect a quantitative e-liquid sample; 4) Insert the disposable sampling tube after absorbing the e-liquid into the e-liquid extraction tube and tighten it. Squeeze the bottom of the extraction tube 3 to 5 times to thoroughly mix the e-liquid sample with the extraction liquid to dilute the e-liquid sample and form the test solution. The dilution ratio is 10 to 10,000 times, preferably 10 to 100 times.

[0023] In some embodiments, a rapid screening method for drugs in e-cigarette liquid includes the following steps: Preparation of the test solution: The e-liquid sample is mixed with the extract to form the test solution; Sample addition: Take 2-3 drops of the test solution that meets the requirements and add them to the sample well of the immunochromatographic test strip; Reading results: After standing for 5-6 minutes, interpret the results based on the color development of the detection line and control line on the immunochromatographic test strip.

[0024] The proposed solution offers the following advantages compared to existing technologies: This proposed solution addresses common problems in current e-liquid drug detection, such as matrix interference, cumbersome pretreatment, complex testing methods, and a lack of specific detection items. It offers a simple, rapid, and accurate method for qualitative screening of common drugs, novel drugs, and new psychoactive substances in e-liquids. It is particularly suitable for on-site rapid screening of various common drugs and new psychoactive substances in e-liquids and can be used for preliminary assessments in public security anti-drug operations, customs inspections, law enforcement scenarios, drug rehabilitation centers, or home self-testing. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are some embodiments. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Unless otherwise specified, the positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings in the following description are based on the direction in which the components are drawn in the figures.

[0026] Figure 1 The results of nicotine detection applied to four experimental groups—extract blank, e-liquid negative sample, e-liquid positive sample, and e-liquid weakly positive sample—are shown in the figure. Figure 2 The graph shows the results of cannabis testing applied to four experimental groups: blank extract, negative e-liquid sample, positive e-liquid sample, and weakly positive e-liquid sample. Figure 3 The figure shows the results of etomidate detection applied to four experimental groups: blank extract, negative e-liquid sample, positive e-liquid sample, and weakly positive e-liquid sample. Figure 4 The results of teletamine detection applied to four experimental groups—extract blank, e-liquid negative sample, e-liquid positive sample, and e-liquid weakly positive sample—are shown in the figure. Figure 5 The results of nicotine testing in experimental groups 1-1 to 1-7 are shown in the figure. Figure 6 The results of etomidate detection in experimental groups 1-1 to 1-7 are shown in the figure. Figure 7 The results of cannabis testing in experimental groups 1-1 to 1-7 are shown in the figure. Figure 8 The results of teletamine detection in experimental groups 1-1 to 1-7 are shown in the figure. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a portion of the embodiments, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments described herein without creative effort are within the scope of protection.

[0028] To verify the effectiveness of the proposed solution, the following verification experiments are provided: Example 1 A rapid screening method for drugs in e-cigarette liquid includes the following steps: 1. Preparation of the test solution: The e-liquid sample is mixed with the extract, and the e-liquid sample is diluted with the extract to form the test solution. The process is as follows: (1) Use the tip of a disposable sampling tube to break open the sealing film of the e-liquid extract tube and set it aside; (2) Open the e-cigarette cartridge by drilling a hole from the bottom or side of the e-cigarette, and use a disposable sampling tube to contact the e-liquid inside the cartridge; (3) The disposable sampling tube automatically draws e-liquid to one-third of its volume to collect a quantitative e-liquid sample, approximately 10 microliters; (4) Insert the disposable sampling tube after absorbing the e-liquid into the e-liquid extraction tube and tighten it. Squeeze the bottom of the extraction tube 3 to 5 times to mix the e-liquid sample and the extraction liquid thoroughly. Dilute the e-liquid sample with the extraction liquid to form the test solution. The dilution factor is 100 times.

[0029] 2. Sample addition: Take 2-3 drops of the required test solution from the test solution and add them to the sample well of the immunochromatographic test strip (rapid test reagent card); 3. Reading the results: After standing for 5-6 minutes, interpret the results based on the color development of the detection line and control line on the immunochromatographic test strip.

[0030] The formula for the extract is as follows: The extract consists of a TRIS buffer system, surfactant S9, sucrose protectant, polymer stabilizer PVP40, surfactant TX100, dissociation agent sodium salicylate, ion stabilizer NaCl, and metal ion chelating agent EDTA-Na2. The surfactant S9 has a volume concentration (v / v) of 0.2%; the sucrose protectant has a mass-volume concentration (w / v) of 1.0%; the polymer stabilizer PVP40 has a mass-volume concentration (w / v) of 0.1%; the surfactant TX100 has a volume concentration (v / v) of 0.5%; the dissociation agent sodium salicylate has a mass-volume concentration (w / v) of 0.005%; the ion stabilizer NaCl has a mass-volume concentration (w / v) of 0.01%; and the metal ion chelating agent EDTA-Na2 has a mass-volume concentration (w / v) of 0.4%. The TRIS buffer concentration is 50 mM.

[0031] I. Validation results of the method in Example 1 applied to rapid screening of drugs in e-cigarette liquid: The detection protocol described in Example 1 was used for rapid screening of positive and negative e-liquid samples for nicotine, cannabis, etomidate, and telexamine. Specific results are shown in Table 1 below. Figure 1-4 As shown: Table 1

[0032] In the table, "extraction blank" refers to the step of preparing the test solution without adding any e-liquid sample, where the extract is directly dropped into the immunochromatographic test strip.

[0033] The analysis results show that: Figure 1 From left to right, the images show the results of nicotine testing applied to four experimental groups: blank extract, negative e-liquid sample, positive e-liquid sample, and weakly positive e-liquid sample. Figure 1 As can be seen from Table 1, the method in Example 1 can obtain accurate detection results for nicotine content in e-liquid, whether it is a negative, positive, or weakly positive e-liquid sample.

[0034] Figure 2 From left to right, the images show the results of cannabis testing applied to four experimental groups: extract blank, e-liquid negative sample, e-liquid positive sample, and e-liquid weakly positive sample; Figure 2 As can be seen from Table 1, the method in Example 1 can obtain accurate detection results for the detection of cannabis components in e-liquid, whether the e-liquid is negative, positive, or weakly positive.

[0035] Figure 3 From left to right, the figures show the results of etomidate detection in four experimental groups: blank extract, negative e-liquid sample, positive e-liquid sample, and weakly positive e-liquid sample. Figure 3As can be seen from Table 1, the method in Example 1 can obtain accurate detection results for the detection of etomidate in e-liquid, whether it is a negative, positive or weakly positive e-liquid sample.

[0036] Figure 4 From left to right, the images show the results of telexamine testing applied to four experimental groups: blank extract, negative e-liquid sample, positive e-liquid sample, and weakly positive e-liquid sample. Figure 4 As can be seen from Table 1, for the detection of telalactamine in e-liquid, whether it is a negative, positive or weakly positive e-liquid sample, the method in Example 1 can obtain accurate detection results.

[0037] In summary, the method in Example 1 can obtain accurate detection results for nicotine, cannabis, etomidate, and telexamine in e-liquid, regardless of whether the e-liquid sample is negative, positive, or weakly positive.

[0038] II. Comparison of the effects of existing buffer solutions and the extraction solution provided in Example 1 on drug screening results in e-liquid: The testing process is as follows: 1. Preparation of the test solution: The e-liquid sample is mixed and diluted with the diluent shown in Table 2 to form the test solution. The process is as follows: (1) Use the tip of a disposable sampling tube to break open the sealing film of the e-liquid extract tube and set it aside; (2) Open the e-cigarette cartridge by drilling a hole from the bottom or side of the e-cigarette, and use a disposable sampling tube to contact the e-liquid inside the cartridge; (3) The disposable sampling tube automatically draws e-liquid to one-third of its volume to collect a quantitative e-liquid sample, approximately 10 microliters; (4) Insert the disposable sampling tube after absorbing the e-liquid into the e-liquid extraction tube and tighten it. Squeeze the bottom of the extraction tube containing the diluent shown in Table 2 3 to 5 times to mix and dilute the e-liquid to form the test solution.

[0039] Note: For the blank control experiment, the diluent is added directly dropwise without mixing with the e-liquid sample.

[0040] 2. Sample addition: Take 2-3 drops of the test solution that meets the requirements and add them to the sample well of the immunochromatographic test strip (rapid test reagent card); 3. Reading the results: After standing for 5-6 minutes, interpret the results based on the color development of the detection line and control line on the immunochromatographic test strip.

[0041] In this verification experiment, different experimental groups used different diluents as shown in Table 2. Specifically, experimental groups 1-1 to 1-7 represent: directly adding the standard e-liquid positive solution to the immunochromatographic test strip, directly adding PBS buffer (without mixing with the e-liquid sample), adding PBS buffer after diluting the e-liquid, directly adding HEPS diluent (without mixing with the e-liquid sample), adding HEPS diluent after diluting the e-liquid, directly adding the extract (without mixing with the e-liquid sample), and adding the extract after diluting the e-liquid.

[0042] The diluent was diluted 100 times with the e-liquid. For the testing and identification of different items such as nicotine, cannabis, etomidate, and telalactamine, the e-liquid samples used were nicotine-positive, etomidate-negative, cannabis-negative, and telalactamine-negative samples, respectively.

[0043] The formulations of each diluent are as follows: (1) The formulation of the extraction solution is as follows: The extraction solution consists of a TRIS buffer system, surfactant S9, sucrose protectant, polymer stabilizer PVP40, surfactant TX100, dissociation agent sodium salicylate, ion stabilizer NaCl, and metal ion chelating agent EDTA-Na2; the volume concentration (v / v) of surfactant S9 is 0.2%; the mass volume concentration (w / v) of sucrose protectant is 1.0%; the mass volume concentration (w / v) of polymer stabilizer PVP40 is 0.1%; the volume concentration (v / v) of surfactant TX100 is 0.5%; the mass volume concentration (w / v) of dissociation agent sodium salicylate is 0.005%; the mass volume concentration (w / v) of ion stabilizer NaCl is 0.01%; and the mass volume concentration (w / v) of metal ion chelating agent EDTA-Na2 is 0.4%. The TRIS buffer concentration is 50 mM.

[0044] (2) The parameters of the PBS buffer are: concentration 50 mM, pH 7.2–7.4; (3) The parameters of HEPS buffer are: concentration of 50mM and pH of 6.8 to 8.0.

[0045] The specific comparison results are shown in Table 2-6 below. Figure 4-8 As shown: Table 2 Nicotine Test

[0046] Note: Normal e-liquid contains a high concentration of nicotine, and a positive result for nicotine is normal; * indicates an abnormal result.

[0047] Table 3. Etomidate test

[0048] Note: * indicates an abnormal result.

[0049] Table 4 Cannabis Testing

[0050] Note: * indicates an abnormal result.

[0051] Table 5. Tiletamine Test

[0052] Note: * indicates an abnormal result.

[0053] Table 6 summarizes the results of multiple tests.

[0054] The analysis results show that: Figure 5 The images in the middle, from left to right, show the results of nicotine testing for experimental groups 1-1 to 1-7. Figure 6 The images in the middle, from left to right, show the results of etomidate detection in experimental groups 1-1 to 1-7. Figure 7 The images in the middle, from left to right, show the results of cannabis testing in experimental groups 1-1 to 1-7. Figure 8 The images in the middle, from left to right, show the results of telalactamine testing in experimental groups 1-1 to 1-7. from Figure 5-8 As can be seen from the table above, the extraction solution scheme provided in Example 1 can obtain accurate detection results for nicotine, etomidate, cannabis, and telexamine in e-liquid.

[0055] For the detection of nicotine, cannabis, etomidate, and telexamine in e-liquid, the results of the test methods of directly adding the regular e-liquid concentrate and diluting the e-liquid with existing PBS buffer and HEPS buffer show that the methods of directly adding the regular e-liquid concentrate and diluting the e-liquid with existing PBS buffer and HEPS buffer have the defects of abnormal test results that are difficult to identify or misinterpret.

[0056] III. Verification of the impact of the selection of various components in the extract and the optimization of their ratio parameters, as well as the optimization of the extract dilution factor parameters, on the drug screening results in e-liquid: 1. Optimization process of diluent (1) Optimization of basic buffer system selection and verification of the impact of different basic buffer systems on detection: The formulations of the basic buffer systems for experimental groups 3-1 to 3-4 are as follows: PBS dilution solution: PBS buffer + 1.0% (w / v) sucrose + 0.1% (w / v) PVP40 + 0.5% (v / v) TX100 + 0.005% (w / v) sodium salicylate + 0.01% (w / v) NaCl; HEPS dilution solution: HEPS buffer + 1.0% (w / v) sucrose + 0.1% (w / v) PVP40 + 0.5% (v / v) TX100 + 0.005% (w / v) sodium salicylate + 0.01% (w / v) NaCl; MES dilution solution: MES buffer + 1.0% (w / v) sucrose + 0.1% (w / v) PVP40 + 0.5% (v / v) TX100 + 0.005% (w / v) sodium salicylate + 0.01% (w / v) NaCl; TRIS dilution buffer: TRIS buffer + 1.0% (w / v) sucrose + 0.1% (w / v) PVP40 + 0.5% (v / v) TX100 + 0.005% (w / v) sodium salicylate + 0.01% (w / v) NaCl; The parameters for the PBS buffer are: concentration 50 mM, pH 7.2–7.4; the parameters for the HEPS buffer are: concentration 50 mM, pH 6.8–8.0; the parameters for the MES buffer are: concentration 50 mM, pH 5.5–6.5; and the parameters for the TRIS buffer are: concentration 50 mM, pH 7.5–9.0.

[0057] Following the identification method of Experiment 1-1, the basic buffer solution of Experiments 3-1 to 3-4 was used as the diluent to dilute the e-liquid samples 100 times to prepare the test solution for identification. The test results are shown in Table 7. Table 7

[0058] The results above indicate that suitable buffer systems include PBS, HEPS, MES, and TRIS. The optimal dilution system for the extract is TRIS, which offers shorter color development time and smaller color deviations across different assays, thus facilitating the preparation of multi-card samples.

[0059] (2) Screening of surfactants to verify the effect of basic buffer system + different types of surfactants on detection: The specific formulations of the diluent systems for experimental groups 3-1 to 3-4 are as follows: Experimental group 3-1: TRIS buffer + 1.0% (w / v) sucrose + 0.1% (w / v) PVP40 + 0.5% (v / v) TX100 + 0.005% (w / v) sodium salicylate + 0.01% (w / v) NaCl + 0.5% (v / v) S9; Experimental group 3-2: TRIS buffer + 1.0% (w / v) sucrose + 0.1% (w / v) PVP40 + 0.5% (v / v) TX100 + 0.005% (w / v) sodium salicylate + 0.01% (w / v) NaCl + 0.5% (v / v) Tween 20; Experimental group 3-3: TRIS buffer + 1.0% (w / v) sucrose + 0.1% (w / v) PVP40 + 0.5% (v / v) TX100 + 0.005% (w / v) sodium salicylate + 0.01% (w / v) NaCl + 0.5% (v / v) Tween 80; Experimental group 3-4: TRIS buffer + 1.0% (w / v) sucrose + 0.1% (w / v) PVP40 + 0.5% (v / v) TX100 + 0.005% (w / v) sodium salicylate + 0.01% (w / v) NaCl + 0.5% (v / v) TX-405.

[0060] Following the identification method of Experiment 1-1, the e-liquid samples from Experiments 3-1 to 3-4 were diluted 100 times to prepare the test solution for identification. The test results are shown in Table 8. Table 8

[0061] The results above show that surfactants such as S9, Tween 20, and Tween 80 can be selected. Among the extracts, S9 showed the shortest color development time and the strongest color development ability.

[0062] (3) Screening of surfactant S9 concentration to verify the effect of different surfactant S9 concentrations on detection: The specific formulations of the dilution systems for experimental groups 4-1 to 4-5 are as follows: Experimental group 4-1: TRIS buffer + 1.0% (w / v) sucrose + 0.1% (w / v) PVP40 + 0.5% (v / v) TX100 + 0.005% (w / v) sodium salicylate + 0.01% (w / v) NaCl + 0.1% (v / v) S9; Experimental group 4-2: TRIS buffer + 1.0% (w / v) sucrose + 0.1% (w / v) PVP40 + 0.5% (v / v) TX100 + 0.005% (w / v) sodium salicylate + 0.01% (w / v) NaCl + 0.2% (v / v) S9; Experimental group 4-3: TRIS buffer + 1.0% (w / v) sucrose + 0.1% (w / v) PVP40 + 0.5% (v / v) TX100 + 0.005% (w / v) sodium salicylate + 0.01% (w / v) NaCl + 0.5% (v / v) S9; Experimental group 4-4: TRIS buffer + 1.0% (w / v) sucrose + 0.1% (w / v) PVP40 + 0.5% (v / v) TX100 + 0.005% (w / v) sodium salicylate + 0.01% (w / v) NaCl + 1.0% (v / v) S9; Experimental group 4-5: TRIS buffer + 1.0% (w / v) sucrose + 0.1% (w / v) PVP40 + 0.5% (v / v) TX100 + 0.005% (w / v) sodium salicylate + 0.01% (w / v) NaCl + 2.0% (v / v) S9.

[0063] Following the identification method of Experiment 1-1, the e-liquid samples from Experiments 4-1 to 4-5 were diluted 100 times to prepare the test solution for identification. The test results are shown in Table 9. Table 9

[0064] The results above show that the optimal addition amount of surfactant S9 is 0.1% to 1.00%.

[0065] (4) Screening of EDTA-Na2 concentrations to verify the effect of different EDTA-Na2 concentrations on detection: The specific formulations of the diluent systems for experimental groups 5-1 to 5-5 are as follows: Experimental group 5-1: TRIS buffer + 1.0% (w / v) sucrose + 0.1% (w / v) PVP40 + 0.5% (v / v) TX100 + 0.005% (w / v) sodium salicylate + 0.01% (w / v) NaCl + 0.2% (v / v) S9 + 0.1% (w / v) EDTA-Na2; Experimental group 5-2: TRIS buffer + 1.0% (w / v) sucrose + 0.1% (w / v) PVP40 + 0.5% (v / v) TX100 + 0.005% (w / v) sodium salicylate + 0.01% (w / v) NaCl + 0.2% (v / v) S9 + 0.2% (w / v) EDTA-Na2; Experimental group 5-3: TRIS buffer + 1.0% (w / v) sucrose + 0.1% (w / v) PVP40 + 0.5% (v / v) TX100 + 0.005% (w / v) sodium salicylate + 0.01% (w / v) NaCl + 0.2% (v / v) S9 + 0.5% (w / v) EDTA-Na2; Experimental group 5-4: TRIS buffer + 1.0% (w / v) sucrose + 0.1% (w / v) PVP40 + 0.5% (v / v) TX100 + 0.005% (w / v) sodium salicylate + 0.01% (w / v) NaCl + 0.2% (v / v) S9 + 1.0% (w / v) EDTA-Na2; Experimental group 5-5: TRIS buffer + 1.0% (w / v) sucrose + 0.1% (w / v) PVP40 + 0.5% (v / v) TX100 + 0.005% (w / v) sodium salicylate + 0.01% (w / v) NaCl + 0.2% (v / v) S9 + 2.0% (w / v) EDTA-Na2.

[0066] Following the identification method of Experiment 1-1, the e-liquid samples from Experiments 5-1 to 5-5 were diluted 100 times to prepare the test solution for identification. The test results are shown in Table 10. Table 10

[0067] The results above show that the optimal addition amount of EDTA-Na2 is 0.1% to 1.0%.

[0068] (5) Dilution factor screening to verify the effect of different dilution factors on detection: The specific formulations of the extract systems for experimental groups 6-1 to 6-5 are as follows: TRIS buffer + 1.0% (w / v) sucrose + 0.1% (w / v) PVP40 + 0.5% (v / v) TX100 + 0.005% (w / v) sodium salicylate + 0.01% (w / v) NaCl + 0.2% (v / v) S9 + 0.1% (w / v) EDTA-Na2; Following the identification method of Experimental Group 1-1, the extracts from Experimental Groups 6-1 to 6-5 were diluted with e-liquid samples according to the dilution ratios shown in Table 11 to prepare test solutions for identification. The test results are shown in Table 11. Table 11

[0069] The results above show that the optimal dilution ratio is 10 to 100 times.

[0070] In summary, the test results are as follows: When implementing the extraction solution scheme of this application, the basic buffer system can be selected from PBS, HEPS, MES, TRIS, etc. The optimal dilution system for the extract is the TRIS system, which has a shorter color development time and smaller color development deviation between different items, which is conducive to the preparation of Linka. Surfactants can be selected from S9, Tween 20, Tween 80, etc. The extraction solution scheme of this application preferably uses surfactant S9, which has the shortest color development time and strong color development ability, and the optimal addition amount of surfactant S9 is 0.1% to 1.00%. The optimal addition amount of metal chelating agent EDTA-Na2 is 0.1% to 1.0%. The optimal dilution ratio range for mixing the extract and e-liquid is 10 to 100 times.

[0071] In summary, the proposed solution possesses at least the following technological novelty, design concept, and beneficial effects: 1. Design points of this application: A novel e-liquid extract is provided, which can overcome the interference of complex matrices in e-liquid. It can solve the problem of false negative (missed detection) or false positive (false alarm) results caused by interfering factors such as high concentrations of glycerol, propylene glycol, flavorings, and pigments.

[0072] A method for quantitative sampling of e-liquid is provided, which includes drilling a hole from the bottom opening or side of the e-cigarette cartridge and quantitatively sampling the e-liquid inside through a disposable sampling tube.

[0073] This application combines a novel e-liquid extract, extraction method, and tools to address the shortcomings of existing methods for the direct and rapid detection of drugs in e-liquid, enabling rapid qualitative screening of various e-liquids containing new drugs or new psychoactive substances.

[0074] 2. Advantages and beneficial effects of this application: (1) Fast and accurate: The special extraction solution overcomes the interference of complex matrices in various e-liquids on the market, improving the accuracy of detection; and when used with immunochromatographic test strips, the detection time is short, and the detection can be completed in about 5 minutes.

[0075] (2) Easy to operate: It can perform rapid quantitative sampling without cumbersome pretreatment; no complicated equipment or professional personnel are required. Rapid detection can be completed by following the instructions.

[0076] (3) Support rapid qualitative screening of common drugs, new drugs or new psychoactive substances (such as nicotine, etomidate, tetrahydrocannabinol, telatamine, etc.) in e-cigarette oil.

[0077] (4) Combining its characteristics and advantages, it can be used for public security drug control, customs inspection, law enforcement site, drug rehabilitation center or family self-testing for preliminary judgment.

[0078] In summary, the proposed solution addresses common problems in current e-liquid drug detection, such as matrix interference, cumbersome pretreatment, complex detection methods, and a lack of specific detection items. Utilizing highly specific antigen-antibody reactions and nano-gold labeled chromatography, the solution is particularly suitable for rapid on-site screening of various common drugs and new psychoactive substances in e-liquids. It can be used for rapid qualitative screening of common drugs (such as morphine, methamphetamine, ketamine, etc.) and novel drugs or new psychoactive substances (such as nicotine, etomidate, tetrahydrocannabinol, telatamine, etc.) in e-liquids.

[0079] It should be noted that: The full names and definitions of the abbreviations for each raw material are as follows: TRIS buffer: Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane. Function: This is a commonly used biological buffer. Its purpose is to maintain a stable pH in the solution system and resist pH changes caused by experimental procedures.

[0080] S9: Propylene oxide-ethylene oxide-vinyl diamine copolymer; PVP40: Polyvinylpyrrolidone; TX100: Triton X-100; EDTA-Na2: Disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate; The targets used in the immunochromatographic test strips include, but are not limited to, one or more of the following common drugs and new psychoactive substances: nicotine, etomidate, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), tledamine, morphine, methamphetamine (ice), ketamine (K powder), etc., and are not limited to the example schemes.

[0081] In this article, "the time for detecting high-concentration samples without leaving a trace is ≤3 min" means that the time for the T line to completely disappear is ≤3 min when detecting high-concentration samples.

[0082] Immunochromatographic test strips, also known as rapid test kits.

[0083] In this embodiment, the encapsulation film is an aluminum film, but it is not limited to this.

[0084] In this article, “~” is used to represent a numerical range, and this expression indicates a range that includes two endpoint values.

[0085] In addition to the specific choices shown in the above embodiments, any formulation range described above can be used in specific implementations, including but not limited to the above embodiment schemes.

[0086] The specific parameters or some commonly used reagents or raw materials in the above embodiments are specific or preferred embodiments under the concept, and not limitations thereof; those skilled in the art can make adaptive adjustments within the concept and protection scope.

[0087] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate technical solutions and are not intended to limit them. Although the foregoing embodiments have been described in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions in the embodiments.

Claims

1. A drug detection extract for e-cigarette liquid, characterized in that, The extract comprises a buffer system, surfactant S9, saccharide protectant, polymer stabilizer, surfactant TX100, dissociation agent, ion stabilizer, and metal ion chelating agent. The volume concentration of the surfactant S9 is 0.001% to 10.0%; The mass-volume concentration of the sugar preservative is 0.001% to 15.0%; The polymer stabilizer has a mass-volume concentration of 0.001% to 20.0%; The volume concentration of the surfactant TX100 is 0.001% to 10.0%; The mass-volume concentration of the dissociation agent is 0.002% to 1.0%; The mass-volume concentration of the ion stabilizer is 0.005% to 1.0%; The mass-volume concentration of the metal ion chelating agent is 0.001% to 10.0%.

2. The extract according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer system is a TRIS buffer system; the concentration of the TRIS buffer system is 5–10. 4 mM; The sugar preservative is sucrose; The polymer stabilizer is PVP40; The dissociation agent is sodium salicylate; The ion stabilizer is NaCl; The metal ion chelating agent is EDTA-Na2.

3. The application of the extract as described in claims 1-2 in the preparation of a test solution for e-liquid, characterized in that: The extract is mixed with the e-liquid sample, and the e-liquid sample is diluted with the extract to form the test solution, wherein the dilution factor is 10 to 10,000 times.

4. A drug test kit, characterized in that, It includes the extract as described in any one of claims 1-2, and an immunochromatographic test strip for detecting at least one target drug.

5. The reagent kit according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes disposable sampling tubes for quantitatively collecting e-liquid samples, e-liquid extract tubes for holding the extract, and a desiccant.

6. The reagent kit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The e-liquid extraction tube contains the extraction liquid, and its opening is sealed with a sealing film.

7. A rapid screening method for drugs in e-cigarette liquid, characterized in that, Using the kit as described in any one of claims 4-6, the steps include: Preparation of the test solution: Mix the e-liquid sample with the extract, and dilute the e-liquid sample with the extract to form the test solution; Sample addition: Apply the test solution onto the immunochromatographic test strip; Reading results: After the reaction, the results are read based on the color development of the detection line and control line on the immunochromatographic test strip.

8. The rapid screening method for drugs in e-cigarette liquid according to claim 7, characterized in that: The preparation process of the test solution is as follows: Use the tip of a disposable sampling tube to break open the sealing film of the e-liquid extraction tube, and set it aside; The e-cigarette cartridge is opened by drilling a hole from the bottom or side of the e-cigarette, and a disposable sampling tube is used to contact the e-liquid inside the cartridge. The disposable sampling tube automatically draws e-liquid to one-third to one-half of its volume to collect a quantitative e-liquid sample; Insert the disposable sampling tube containing the e-liquid into the e-liquid extraction tube and tighten it. Squeeze the bottom of the extraction tube 3 to 5 times to thoroughly mix the e-liquid sample with the extraction solution to dilute the e-liquid sample and form the test solution. The dilution ratio is 10 to 10,000 times.

9. The rapid screening method for drugs in e-cigarette liquid according to any one of claims 7-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Preparation of the test solution: The e-liquid sample is mixed with the extract to form the test solution; Sample addition: Take 2-3 drops of the test solution that meets the requirements and add them to the sample well of the immunochromatographic test strip; Reading results: After standing for 5-6 minutes, interpret the results based on the color development of the detection line and control line on the immunochromatographic test strip.

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