Three-dimensional parameterization design method for side slope intercepting and draining ditch

Abstract

A three-dimensional parameterization design method for a side slope water interception and drainage ditch mainly comprises the steps that water interception and drainage objects are arranged on a three-dimensional side slope, and the water interception and drainage objects comprise two sub-objects of an axis and sections of different forms; drawing a ditch axis in the three-dimensional space; setting water interception and drainage section attributes; setting an axis control point, and associating section attributes; calculating a project amount according to the axis and the association attribute; and generating a two-dimensional profile map according to the interception and drainage parameters and the three-dimensional geological information. According to the method, a unique method of coupling a three-dimensional axis graph and a section parameter is adopted, the problem that the difference between the section size and the axis length of the ditch is too large in a conventional three-dimensional design is avoided, and the drawing quality of the ditch is kept good during sectioning; a parameterization + non-parameterization coupling sectioning technology is adopted, the problem that a BIM parameterization model and a GIM information model are difficult to integrate on the aspect of sectioning drawing based on a three-dimensional model is solved, and rapid drawing of a two-dimensional section of a slope intercepting and draining ditch on the basis of the three-dimensional model is achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of engineering construction information technology, in particular to a three-dimensional parametric design method for a slope intercept drainage ditch. BACKGROUND

[0002] The three-dimensional digital design of a slope belongs to the field of engineering digital twinning technology and is based on a geological body information model (GIM). When a three-dimensional design of a structural object is performed using BIM technology, a mathematical formula is needed to describe the three-dimensional contour of the slope, the axis of the intercept drainage ditch, and the cross section, and a three-dimensional graphic rendering is performed through a mesh technology. Because the cross-sectional size of the intercept drainage ditch is greatly different from the axis size in three-dimensional space, the current mesh technology cannot well support the inclusion of the intercept drainage ditch in the three-dimensional slope model, and the separate creation of a three-dimensional slope model and an intercept drainage ditch model and then the intersection operation will cause problems such as complex mesh shape and discontinuity, which greatly hinders subsequent applications such as sectioning and calculation.

[0003] Meanwhile, when a comprehensive sectioning, sectioning analysis, and calculation are needed for the geological body, the three-dimensional model of the slope, and the intercept drainage ditch object, two kinds of intersection calculation, i.e., discrete mathematics (geological body) and accurate function (structural body), and the coupling sectioning technology of "parametric" and "non-parametric" are involved, which makes it difficult for the structural BIM software to be compatible with the objects described by discrete mathematics such as the geological body, and also causes practical obstacles to subsequent applications such as sectioning calculation. SUMMARY

[0004] The present disclosure provides a three-dimensional parametric design method for a slope intercept drainage ditch, which, on the basis of the prior art, proposes a three-dimensional digital design method for intercept drainage combining "three-dimensional axis graphics" and "cross section parameters", uses the graphics to accurately display the position and arrangement of the intercept drainage ditch, and uses the data structure to record the cross section parameters to meet the needs of subsequent two-dimensional sectioning and other related operations; on this basis, the three-dimensional geological model and the parametric model of the intercept drainage ditch are further integrated, the coupling sectioning technology of "parametric" and "non-parametric" is adopted, and the rapid drawing of the engineering section of the slope intercept drainage ditch is realized, which improves the practicability of the three-dimensional forward design method for the intercept drainage ditch, solves the intersection algorithm error problem caused by the great difference between the axis and the cross-sectional size of the intercept drainage ditch, and at the same time ensures the reliability of the output results of the intercept drainage ditch design engineering quantity.

[0005] The three-dimensional parametric design method for a slope intercept drainage ditch provided by the present disclosure mainly includes:

[0006] Step 1

[0007] The intercept drainage object is set for the three-dimensional slope, which is composed of an axis and different forms of cross sections: the axis is a three-dimensional polyline, which is pre-drawn by the designer according to factors such as the position of the slope and the slope angle, and is used to position the coordinates of the intercept drainage ditch in the three-dimensional space;

[0008] The cross section is the cross section type of the cross drainage ditch, and common types include rectangular and trapezoidal types, which are preset according to factors such as regional rainfall intensity and surface runoff, and are associated with the axis through control points;

[0009] Step 2

[0010] By setting a plurality of control points on the three-dimensional space curve, the attributes of the points record the cross section shape of the cross drainage ditch at the site and the corresponding size parameters;

[0011] Step 3

[0012] The design results of the present disclosure mainly include cross drainage measure quantity calculation and two-dimensional section design drawing output. When performing quantity calculation, the quantity indicators of each section are calculated according to the distance between the control points of the axis and the cross section size attribute parameters corresponding to the control points, and are output in total;

[0013] Step 4

[0014] When generating a two-dimensional section design drawing, the position of the cross drainage ditch is determined according to the intersection point of the axis on the section, the cross section shape and parameters of the cross drainage ditch are read from the corresponding control point attributes to draw the cross section of the cross drainage measure, and the sectioning of the three-dimensional geological body is realized through the intersection operation of the surfaces by using the tangential relationship between the section and the three-dimensional geological grid. Finally, a two-dimensional section drawing containing the geological section and the cross section of the cross drainage measure is output.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present disclosure are: ① The unique method of coupling “three-dimensional axis graph” + “cross section parameter” in step 1 is adopted, the position and arrangement of the cross drainage ditch are accurately displayed by using the graph therein, and the cross section parameter is recorded by using the data structure to meet the needs of subsequent two-dimensional sectioning and other related operations. This design method avoids the problems of discontinuity of grid shape or poor grid quality caused by the large difference between the cross section size of the cross drainage ditch and the length of the axis in the conventional three-dimensional design method, and can maintain good drawing quality of the cross drainage ditch while ensuring the calculation efficiency and data accuracy during quantity calculation;

[0016] ② The “parameterization” + “non-parameterization” coupled sectioning technology is adopted in step 4, which solves the problem that BIM parameterized model and GIM information model are difficult to integrate due to differences in modeling methods when sectioning out drawings based on three-dimensional models, and realizes the rapid drawing of two-dimensional sections based on three-dimensional models of slope cross drainage ditches;

[0017] ③ It is suitable for the design of various types of slope cross drainage ditches. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference characters refer to like parts throughout the figures, and in which:

[0019] Figure 1 Flow chart of the three-dimensional parameterized design method of the intercepting drainage ditch according to the present disclosure;

[0020] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the intercepting drainage measure axis drawn in the three-dimensional excavation slope;

[0021] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the intercepting drainage measure section size pattern set;

[0022] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the control point set for the intercepting drainage ditch axis;

[0023] Figure 5 Partial schematic diagram of the output two-dimensional design drawing;

[0024] Figure legend: 1-intercepting drainage ditch; 2-drainage ditch of the horse path; 3-original ground line; 4-intercepting drainage ditch design section; 5-excavation slope contour cutting line; 6-three-dimensional geological body cutting line. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] Preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in greater detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present disclosure is more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0026] The present disclosure proposes a three-dimensional parameterized design method of a slope intercepting drainage ditch. The implementation of the method requires the same basic data as conventional three-dimensional geological modeling, i.e., the slope engineering excavation contour data and the corresponding stratum survey data.

[0027] The method mainly includes the following steps:

[0028] S0, setting an intercepting drainage object for a three-dimensional slope, the object including two sub-objects of an axis and different forms of sections, wherein the axis is a three-dimensional multi-segment line for positioning the coordinates of the intercepting drainage ditch in the three-dimensional space;

[0029] S1, drawing the intercepting drainage ditch axis in the three-dimensional space;

[0030] S2, setting the intercepting drainage measure section size pattern;

[0031] S3, set the axis control point of the drainage measure, and associate the control point attribute with the cross-section size pattern of the drainage ditch;

[0032] S4, calculate the corresponding engineering quantity according to the axis and the associated attribute of the control point;

[0033] S5, perform two-dimensional sectioning on the regular object, i.e., the axis of the drainage ditch, and the irregular object, i.e., the geological body, generate a sectioned drawing of the three-dimensional geological body grid by using the tangential relationship between the section and the three-dimensional geological body, and performing face-to-face intersection operation, including the ground surface, the stratum floor and the slope excavation contour information, and finally outputting a two-dimensional section drawing containing the geological section and the cross-section of the drainage measure.

[0034] In an exemplary embodiment, a three-dimensional parameterized design method for a drainage ditch according to the present disclosure is shown in FIG. 1, which mainly includes the following steps: Figure 1

[0035] S101, draw the axis of the drainage ditch in the three-dimensional space.

[0036] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, take the slope of the intake of a certain hydropower station in the west as an example. Draw the three-dimensional shape of the drainage ditch axis outside the slope by referring to the position of the slope opening line and the slope angle, and then obtain the axis position of the drainage ditch of the bench according to the design data of each level of the bench. Figure 2

[0037] S102, set the cross-section size pattern of the drainage measure

[0038] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, a trapezoidal cross-section pattern suitable for the slope top drainage ditch is shown. Similarly, set a rectangular cross-section drainage ditch suitable for the slope top drainage ditch and a standard cross-section size pattern of the bench drainage ditch. Figure 3

[0039] S103, set the axis control point of the drainage measure, and associate the cross-section attribute

[0040] Specifically, for the bench drainage ditch of the present embodiment, only one size pattern is used, and only control points need to be set on both sides of the axis of the bench drainage ditch, and the standard cross-section pattern of the bench drainage ditch is associated. For the slope top drainage ditch outside the opening line, as shown in FIG. 4, first perform a two-dimensional sectioning operation on the three-dimensional ground surface with the axis of the drainage ditch as the section line, insert control points on the ground section according to the position of the change in the slope of the drainage ditch, and associate the size pattern of the corresponding section of the drainage ditch at the attribute of the control point. Figure 4

[0041] ​​​​For this embodiment, the three-dimensional ground surface is two-dimensionally cut along the axis of the ridge top gutter to obtain a longitudinal section view of the gutter, reflecting the change of the gutter slope at different elevations. In addition to the first and last two places, control points are also set at positions where the gutter slope changes significantly (i.e., the slope of the adjacent two sides changes more than a set threshold).

[0042] The longitudinal slope between two points is calculated according to the planar coordinates of the control points, as shown in Figure 4 A total of 7 groups of control points (including the first and last control points) are inserted, and the slope between each two control points is calculated as 29°, 26°, 17°, 38°, 40°, and 36° (without considering the positive and negative angles).

[0043] For this embodiment, the ridge top gutter is designed with a trapezoidal section, and the section size (bottom width and height) includes 0.5m*0.5m, 0.6m*0.6m, and 0.7m*0.7m. The section size is determined in combination with hydraulic calculation data, mainly based on rainstorm intensity, catchment area, and gutter slope. After determining the section type and size between each control point, the corresponding section size of the gutter is associated with the attribute of the control point as the basis for calculating the engineering quantity of the gutter and drawing the two-dimensional section view.

[0044] S104, calculating the final engineering quantity according to the axis and associated attributes

[0045] Specifically, the corresponding engineering quantity (such as the length of the drainage measure, the excavation volume, the area of the gutter wall plaster, etc.) is calculated according to the length of the control point and the associated attributes, and finally the engineering quantity table corresponding to different drainage types is output.

[0046] For this embodiment, the ridge top gutter is taken as an example. According to the longitudinal section view of the gutter, the total length is calculated as 16678m, including 7 control points (including the first and last) and 6 sections. Each section is designed with a trapezoidal section, and the section size (bottom width and height) includes 0.5m*0.5m, 0.6m*0.6m, and 0.7m*0.7m. According to the section size, plaster thickness, etc., the excavation area and gutter wall plaster area of each section are calculated, and are associated with the section type, size, and section length of each section, so as to calculate the total engineering quantity of the gutter, including the total length, the total excavation volume, and the total volume of the gutter wall plaster.

[0047] S105, generating a two-dimensional section view according to the drainage parameters and three-dimensional geological information

[0048] Specifically, as shown in Figure 5As shown in the embodiment, the two-dimensional design drawing module adopts the "parameterization" + "non-parameterization" coupling sectioning technology. The position of the drainage ditch is determined according to the intersection of the drainage ditch axis on the section, and the section shape and size parameters are read from the corresponding control point attributes to draw the drainage ditch section. By using the tangent relationship between the section and the three-dimensional geological body, the section drawing of the three-dimensional geological body grid (including the ground surface, the stratum floor and the slope excavation contour, etc.) is generated through the intersection operation of the surfaces, and finally the two-dimensional section drawing containing the geological section and the cross section of the drainage measure is output.

[0049] The "parameterization" is mainly aimed at the drainage ditch axis object, adopts a linear equation set to record the coordinate relative relationship between the control points, and records the sectional attribute (section type and size) between the control points through the attribute.

[0050] The "non-parameterization" is mainly aimed at the irregular objects objectively existing in the natural environment, including the ground surface, the stratum, the fracture, the joint group and other geological objects. The geological object modeling adopts a discrete and topological data structure, which is different from the continuous function modeling idea of the "parameterization".

[0051] In order to realize the two-dimensional section drawing of the slope drainage ditch, the "parameterization" + "non-parameterization" coupling sectioning technology is adopted, and the object operation is carried out on the regular (drainage ditch axis) and irregular objects (geological body), so as to realize the flexible adjustment and application of the model.

[0052] The two-dimensional sectioning of the "parameterization" object is the intersection problem of the line segment and the plane in mathematics.

[0053] Suppose the plane equation is:

[0054] ax+by+cz+d=0

[0055] The parameter equation of the line segment is:

[0056] P(t) = P0 + t·(P1-P0)

[0057] Wherein P0 is the starting point; P1 is the end point; 0≤t≤1.

[0058] The denominator n·(P1-P0) is calculated. If the denominator is 0, there is no intersection point.

[0059] If the denominator is not equal to 0, t is calculated:

[0060]

[0061] If represents that the line segment and the plane do not intersect;

[0062] If t∈[0,1], represents the line segment and the plane intersection, the intersection point is the coordinate position of the 'parameterized' object (i.e. the axis of the drainage ditch) on the two-dimensional profile, and the intersection point is recorded in the section of the drainage ditch object attribute, and the intersection point coordinate is:

[0063]

[0064] The two-dimensional section of the 'non-parameterized' object, i.e. the two-dimensional section of the triangular mesh model:

[0065] Specify any plane, directly on the triangular mesh model of the triangular patch set to achieve sectioning calculation, cut the triangular mesh model with any topological structure into a sub-triangular mesh, calculate the profile line of the sectioning plane according to all intersection points of the triangular patch and the sectioning plane, that is, the 'non-parameterized' object (i.e. the geological body) on the two-dimensional profile can be obtained. The coordinate position of the multi-segment line.

[0066] Finally, according to the intersection attribute of the 'parameterized' object and the profile, the section shape and size parameters are read to draw the drainage ditch section, and the 'parameterized' and 'non-parameterized' two-dimensional section objects are drawn in the two-dimensional graph according to the same set of coordinate conversion system.

[0067] The above technical solution is only an exemplary embodiment of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, on the basis of the application of the method and principle disclosed in the present application, various types of improvements or modifications can be easily made, and the method described in the above embodiment is not limited to the method described in the above embodiment. Therefore, the above-described method is only preferred, and has no limiting meaning.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional parametric design method for a slope drainage ditch, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S0, setting a drainage object for a three-dimensional slope, the object comprising an axis and two sub-objects of different forms of cross section, wherein the axis is a three-dimensional multi-segment line for positioning coordinates of the drainage ditch in three-dimensional space; S1, drawing the axis of the drainage ditch in three-dimensional space; S2, setting a size pattern of the drainage measure cross section; S3, setting a control point of the axis of the drainage measure, and associating a size pattern attribute of the cross section of the drainage ditch with an attribute of the control point; S4, calculating corresponding engineering quantities according to the associated attributes of the axis and the control point; S5, performing two-dimensional sectioning on the regular object, i.e. the axis of the drainage ditch, and the irregular object, i.e. the geological body, generating a sectioned drawing of the three-dimensional geological body grid, including surface, stratum floor and slope excavation contour information, and finally outputting a two-dimensional section drawing containing the geological section and the cross section of the drainage measure.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The step S1 specifically comprises: drawing the three-dimensional shape of the axis of the drainage ditch outside the slope by referring to the position of the slope opening line and the slope angle, and then obtaining the position of the axis of the drainage ditch according to design data.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The step S3 specifically comprises: taking the axis of the drainage ditch as a section line to perform two-dimensional sectioning on the three-dimensional surface to obtain a longitudinal section drawing of the drainage ditch; inserting a control point on the surface section according to the position where the slope of the drainage ditch changes, and associating the size and pattern of the corresponding segment of the drainage ditch with the attribute of the control point; wherein the insertion position of the control point comprises the first and last positions of the drainage ditch and the positions where the slope of the drainage ditch changes obviously, i.e. the slope change of the adjacent two sides exceeds a set threshold.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The step S4 specifically comprises: calculating the excavation area and the ditch wall plastering area of each cross section according to the cross section size and the plastering thickness of each segment after the control point is inserted, associating the cross section pattern, size and segment length, and calculating the total engineering quantity of the drainage ditch, including the total length, the total excavation volume and the total ditch wall plastering volume.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, In the step S5, a method of "parameterization" and "non-parameterization" coupled sectioning is adopted to complete the two-dimensional sectioning on the regular object, i.e. the axis of the drainage ditch, and the irregular object, i.e. the geological body, wherein: the "parameterization" refers to recording the coordinate relative relationship between the control points by using a linear equation set for the axis of the drainage ditch object, and recording the segment cross section attribute between the control points by using the attribute, including the cross section pattern and size; the "non-parameterization" refers to modeling the irregular geological object in the natural environment by using a discrete or topological data structure, including one or more of the surface, stratum, fault and joint group; and the step S5 specifically comprises the following steps: S51, "parameterization" and "non-parameterization" coupled sectioning: two-dimensional sectioning of the "parameterization" object is classified as the intersection problem of a line segment and a plane in mathematics: the plane equation is: ax+by+cz+d=0 the parameter equation of the line segment is: P(t)=P0+t·(P1-P0) wherein P0 is the starting point; P1 is the ending point; 0≤t≤1; the denominator term n·(P1-P0) is calculated, if the denominator term = 0, there is no intersection point; if the denominator term ≠ 0, t is calculated: If represents the line segment and the plane do not intersect; t ∈ [0, 1] represents the line segment and the plane intersect, and the intersection point is the "parameterized" object, that is, the cross-drain axis, the coordinate position on the two-dimensional profile, and the cross-drain object attribute of the section where the intersection point is located is recorded. The intersection point coordinates are: "Non-parametric" object two-dimensional section, as a triangular mesh model two-dimensional section problem: Designate any plane, directly on the triangular mesh model of the triangular patch set to achieve cutting calculation, cutting any topological structure of the triangular mesh model into a triangular mesh, according to the intersection of all triangular patch and section plane section line calculation, that is, the "non-parametric" object that is the geological body in the two-dimensional profile on the line and coordinate position; S52, according to the "parametric" object and profile intersection attribute, read the cross section shape and size parameters for cross drainage ditch section drawing, "parametric" and "non-parametric" two-dimensional cutting object according to the same set of coordinate transformation system in two-dimensional drawing.

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