Modular base station antenna

Abstract

The invention discloses a modular base station antenna which comprises a reflecting plate, a supporting plate, an FDD array, an FDD phase shifting assembly, a TDD array and a TDD phase shifting assembly. A plurality of hollow through holes are formed in the reflecting plate; the FDD array is arranged on the front surface of the reflecting plate, and the FDD phase shift assembly is arranged on the back surface of the reflecting plate and is connected with the FDD array; the TDD array is arranged on the front surface of the supporting plate, and the TDD phase shifting assembly is arranged on the back surface of the supporting plate and is connected with the TDD array; the TDD array and the TDD phase shifting assembly are integrated on the supporting plate to form an independent TDD module, the FDD array and the FDD phase shifting assembly are assembled on the reflecting plate to form another module, the assembly and debugging of the TDD module can be independently completed, then the TDD module is integrally installed on the back face of the reflecting plate, TDD oscillators do not need to be assembled one by one in a narrow space, the assembly time is greatly shortened, and the assembly efficiency is improved. The problems that a traditional integrated assembly process is tedious and low in efficiency are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of antennas, and in particular to a modular base station antenna. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, TDD+FDD integrated base station antennas generally use a single reflector as the core support frame. All vibrator components (including TDD and FDD vibrators) and phase shifter components must be directly assembled onto this reflector. During assembly, each component must be installed sequentially, and the coaxial cable of the feed network must be wired and welded to the vibrator segment by segment according to the phase shifter assembly sequence. The process is cumbersome and highly interconnected. In particular, the TDD antenna part often adopts a multi-row vibrator combination design with adjacent and compact arrangement. The high vibrator density and small installation space make positioning and adjustment difficult during production line assembly, requiring a lot of time and seriously affecting production efficiency.

[0003] Meanwhile, as telecom operators vigorously promote the development of low-carbon and green antennas, they have imposed strict restrictions on the length of feeder network cables, requiring that the cable length between the phase shifter component and the vibrator component not exceed twice the wavelength of the center frequency point of this frequency band. This restriction further compresses the operational space for cable wiring, which not only exacerbates the assembly difficulty of the TDD antenna part, but also easily leads to increased signal transmission loss, decreased antenna performance stability, and even assembly rework problems due to improper control of cable length, significantly increasing production and manufacturing costs and the difficulty of quality control. In addition, under the traditional integrated assembly method, TDD and FDD components interfere with each other, and the entire antenna needs to be disassembled for subsequent maintenance or component replacement, which is inflexible and has high maintenance costs.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a modular base station antenna to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a modular base station antenna.

[0006] One embodiment of the present invention provides a technical solution to solve its technical problem: a modular base station antenna, comprising a reflector, a support plate, an FDD array, an FDD phase-shifting component, a TDD array, and a TDD phase-shifting component; The reflector has multiple perforated holes; The FDD array is located on the front of the reflector, and the FDD phase shifting assembly is located on the back of the reflector and connected to the FDD array. The TDD array is located on the front of the support plate, and the TDD phase shifting component is located on the back of the support plate and connected to the TDD array. The support plate is installed on the back of the reflector, and the TDD array extends to the front of the reflector through perforated holes.

[0007] As one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the FDD array includes multiple low-frequency FDD subarrays and multiple high-frequency FDD subarrays, with perforated vias located in the middle of the reflector to form a TDD radiation region; the low-frequency FDD subarrays are evenly distributed on both sides of the TDD radiation region; and the high-frequency FDD subarrays are arranged on both sides of the low-frequency FDD subarrays.

[0008] As one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the low-frequency FDD subarray includes a plurality of low-frequency FDD oscillators arranged at intervals along the length direction of the reflector, and the high-frequency FDD subarray includes a plurality of high-frequency FDD oscillators arranged at intervals along the length direction of the reflector. Adjacent low-frequency FDD oscillators and high-frequency FDD oscillators are nested in the height direction.

[0009] As one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the TDD array includes multiple TDD subarrays, and each TDD subarray includes multiple TDD oscillators arranged at intervals along the length direction of the support plate. The TDD oscillators between two adjacent TDD subarrays are arranged in a staggered or parallel manner.

[0010] As one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the front side of the support plate is provided with a plurality of metal layers opposite to the perforated holes.

[0011] As one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the longitudinal projection of the perforated hole is located within the longitudinal projection of the metal layer.

[0012] In one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the metal layer is made of copper.

[0013] In one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the support plate is welded to the reflector plate.

[0014] In one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the support plate is connected to the reflector plate by rivets or screws.

[0015] As one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, a modular base station antenna further includes an antenna cover disposed on a reflector, a support plate, an FDD array, an FDD phase-shifting component, a TDD array, and a TDD phase-shifting component.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: A modular base station antenna includes a reflector, a support plate, an FDD array, an FDD phase-shifting component, a TDD array, and a TDD phase-shifting component. The reflector has multiple perforated vias. The FDD array is located on the front side of the reflector, and the FDD phase-shifting component is located on the back side of the reflector and connected to the FDD array. The TDD array is located on the front side of the support plate, and the TDD phase-shifting component is located on the back side of the support plate and connected to the TDD array. The support plate is mounted on the back side of the reflector, and the TDD array extends to the front side of the reflector through the perforated vias. By integrating the TDD array and the TDD phase-shifting component onto the support plate to form an independent TDD module, and assembling the FDD array and the FDD phase-shifting component onto the reflector to form another module, the pre-assembly separation of the TDD and FDD components is achieved. The TDD module can be assembled and debugged independently before being installed as a whole on the back side of the reflector. This eliminates the need to assemble the TDD elements piece by piece in a confined space, significantly reducing assembly time and solving the problems of cumbersome and inefficient traditional integrated assembly processes. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of a modular base station antenna; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of a modular base station antenna; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the third structure of a modular base station antenna; Figure 4 This is a first exploded view of a modular base station antenna; Figure 5 This is a second exploded view of a modular base station antenna; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the reflector's structure; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the support plate structure; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the reflector and support plate. Figure 9 A first structural schematic diagram of the support plate, TDD array, and TDD phase-shifting component; Figure 10 This is a second structural schematic diagram of the support plate, TDD array, and TDD phase shifting component. Detailed Implementation

[0018] This section will describe in detail specific embodiments of the present invention. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the drawings is to supplement the textual description with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and overall technical solution of the present invention, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] In the description of this invention, "multiple" means two or more; "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number; "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0021] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, the terms "setting," "installing," and "connecting" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrally formed connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection; they can refer to the internal connection of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0022] Reference Figures 1-10 A modular base station antenna includes a reflector 100, a support plate 200, an FDD array 300, an FDD phase shifter 400, a TDD array 500, and a TDD phase shifter 600. The reflector 100 is provided with multiple perforated through holes 101; The FDD array 300 is disposed on the front side of the reflector 100, and the FDD phase shifting assembly 400 is disposed on the back side of the reflector 100 and connected to the FDD array 300. The TDD array 500 is disposed on the front side of the support plate 200, and the TDD phase shifting component 600 is disposed on the back side of the support plate 200 and connected to the TDD array 500. The support plate 200 is mounted on the back of the reflector 100, and the TDD array 500 extends to the front of the reflector 100 through the perforated through hole 101.

[0023] Reference Figures 1-10This invention mounts an FDD array 300 and an FDD phase-shifting component 400 onto a reflector 100 to form an FDD module, and mounts a TDD array 500 and a TDD phase-shifting component 600 onto a support plate 200 to form a TDD module. The TDD module is precisely assembled onto the FDD module to achieve integrated construction. The core structural principle is as follows: The reflector 100 serves as the mounting carrier for the FDD module. The front of the reflector 100 houses the FDD array 300, which is responsible for radiating FDD band signals. The back of the reflector 100 houses the FDD phase shifter 400, which is directly connected to the FDD array 300 via built-in wiring to achieve phase adjustment and transmission of FDD signals. The perforated via 101 in the middle of the reflector 100 provides an extension channel for the TDD array 500. At the same time, the size and position of the via are designed to avoid interference with FDD signal radiation.

[0024] The support plate 200 serves as an independent mounting reference for the TDD module. It integrates the TDD array 500 on the front and the TDD phase shifter 600 on the back. The two are connected by a preset circuit to form a complete TDD module. The support plate 200 has multiple metal layers 700 on the front that are opposite to the through holes 101. Preferably, the metal layers 700 are made of copper and can be made by electroplating, cold spraying or other processes. Furthermore, the longitudinal projection of the through holes 101 is located within the longitudinal projection of the metal layers 700, so that it completely corresponds to and covers the longitudinal projection of the through holes 101 of the reflector 100. This can shield the signal leakage generated by the through holes 101 and ensure the stability of the overall radiation performance of the antenna.

[0025] The support plate 200 is fixed to the back of the reflector plate 100 by welding or riveting / screws. The TDD array 500 extends through the perforated hole 101 to the front of the reflector plate 100, forming a cooperative radiation layout with the FDD array 300. This ensures that the two modules can work independently while achieving compact integration in space. The radome 800 covers all components, providing protection against dust, water, and interference.

[0026] Pre-assembly stage: Individual modules are assembled separately. FDD Module Assembly: First, fix the FDD array 300 to the front of the reflector 100 according to the preset position. Further, the FDD array 300 includes multiple low-frequency FDD subarrays 310 and multiple high-frequency FDD subarrays 320. A through-hole 101 is located in the center of the reflector 100 to form the TDD radiation area 110. The low-frequency FDD subarrays 310 are evenly distributed on both sides of the TDD radiation area 110. The high-frequency FDD subarrays 320 are arranged on both sides of the low-frequency FDD subarrays 310. Even further, there are two low-frequency FDD subarrays 310 and two high-frequency FDD subarrays 320, with the two low-frequency FDD subarrays 310 positioned separately in the TDD radiation area 110. On both sides (the width direction of the reflector 100), two high-frequency FDD subarrays 320 are located outside the two low-frequency FDD subarrays 310 respectively. Preferably, the low-frequency FDD subarray 310 includes multiple low-frequency FDD oscillators 311 spaced apart along the length direction of the reflector 100, and the high-frequency FDD subarray 320 includes multiple high-frequency FDD oscillators 321 spaced apart along the length direction of the reflector 100. Adjacent low-frequency FDD oscillators 311 and high-frequency FDD oscillators 321 are nested in the height direction. Then, the FDD phase shifting component 400 is installed on the back of the reflector 100 and connected to the FDD array 300 to complete the pre-assembly and debugging of the FDD module.

[0027] TDD Module Assembly: A TDD array 500 is fixed on the front of the support plate 200. The TDD array 500 includes multiple TDD subarrays 510. Each TDD subarray 510 includes multiple TDD oscillators 511 spaced apart along the length of the support plate 200. The TDD oscillators 511 between adjacent TDD subarrays 510 are staggered or arranged side by side. Ensure that the TDD oscillators 511 are spaced apart along the length of the support plate 200, and that the oscillators of adjacent TDD subarrays 510 are staggered or arranged side by side. The TDD phase shifter 600 is installed on the back of the support plate 200 and connected to the TDD array 500. At the same time, it is confirmed that the metal layer 700 corresponds completely with the preset cutout via 101 position, thus completing the pre-assembly and functional testing of the TDD module.

[0028] Integration and assembly stage: Dual-module combination installation Align the debugged TDD module (support plate 200 and its components) with the back of the reflector 100, ensuring that the transducer of the TDD array 500 is precisely aligned with the through-hole 101 of the reflector 100. Securely install the support plate 200 onto the back of the reflector 100 using welding or rivets / screws. During installation, ensure that the TDD array 500 smoothly passes through the through-hole 101 and extends to the front of the reflector 100, and that the metal layer 700 is completely flush with the through-hole 101 without any misalignment. Finally, cover all components with the radome 800 and secure it with clips or screws to complete the assembly of the entire antenna.

[0029] When the antenna is working, the FDD module and the TDD module operate independently and cooperate with each other. The specific working process is as follows: FDD module operation: The external signal is input to the FDD phase shifter 400, and after phase adjustment, it is transmitted to the FDD array 300. The low-frequency FDD subarray 310 and the high-frequency FDD subarray 320 radiate FDD band signals through the vibrator. The reflector 100 plays a role in signal reflection enhancement, ensuring signal coverage and strength. TDD module operation: The external signal is input to the TDD phase shifter 600, and after phase adjustment, it is transmitted to the TDD array 500. The TDD vibrator 511 radiates TDD band signals on the front through the perforated via 101 of the reflector 100. The staggered vibrator design of adjacent subarrays can improve the signal anti-interference capability. The metal layer 700 on the support plate 200 shields the signal leakage of the perforated via 101, avoiding mutual interference between FDD and TDD signals.

[0030] The advantages of this invention are as follows: by integrating the TDD array and TDD phase-shifting component on the support plate to form an independent TDD module, and assembling the FDD array and FDD phase-shifting component on the reflector to form another module, the pre-assembly separation of TDD and FDD components is realized. The assembly and debugging of the TDD module can be completed separately, and then the whole module is installed on the back of the reflector. There is no need to assemble the TDD oscillator piece by piece in a small space, which greatly reduces the assembly time and solves the problems of cumbersome and inefficient traditional integrated assembly process.

[0031] Of course, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and these equivalent modifications and substitutions are all included within the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A modular base station antenna, characterized in that: It includes a reflector (100), a support plate (200), an FDD array (300), an FDD phase shifter (400), a TDD array (500), and a TDD phase shifter (600). The reflector (100) is provided with a plurality of perforated through holes (101); The FDD array (300) is disposed on the front side of the reflector (100), and the FDD phase shifting assembly (400) is disposed on the back side of the reflector (100) and connected to the FDD array (300); The TDD array (500) is disposed on the front side of the support plate (200), and the TDD phase shifting component (600) is disposed on the back side of the support plate (200) and connected to the TDD array (500); The support plate (200) is mounted on the back of the reflector (100), and the TDD array (500) extends to the front of the reflector (100) through the perforated through hole (101).

2. A modular base station antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The FDD array (300) includes multiple low-frequency FDD subarrays (310) and multiple high-frequency FDD subarrays (320). The perforated via (101) is located in the middle of the reflector (100) to form a TDD radiation area (110). The low-frequency FDD subarrays (310) are evenly distributed on both sides of the TDD radiation area (110). The high-frequency FDD subarrays (320) are arranged on both sides of the low-frequency FDD subarrays (310).

3. A modular base station antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The low-frequency FDD subarray (310) includes a plurality of low-frequency FDD oscillators (311) spaced apart along the length of the reflector (100), and the high-frequency FDD subarray (320) includes a plurality of high-frequency FDD oscillators (321) spaced apart along the length of the reflector (100). Adjacent low-frequency FDD oscillators (311) and high-frequency FDD oscillators (321) are nested in the height direction.

4. A modular base station antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The TDD array (500) includes multiple TDD subarrays (510), each TDD subarray (510) including multiple TDD oscillators (511) arranged at intervals along the length direction of the support plate (200), and the TDD oscillators (511) between two adjacent TDD subarrays (510) are arranged in a staggered or parallel manner.

5. A modular base station antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front side of the support plate (200) is provided with a plurality of metal layers (700) opposite to the hollow through holes (101).

6. A modular base station antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The longitudinal projection of the hollowed-out via (101) lies within the longitudinal projection of the metal layer (700).

7. A modular base station antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The metal layer (700) is made of copper.

8. A modular base station antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support plate (200) is welded to the reflector plate (100).

9. A modular base station antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support plate (200) is connected to the reflector plate (100) by rivets or screws.

10. A modular base station antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an antenna cover (800) covering the reflector (100), support plate (200), FDD array (300), FDD phase shifter (400), TDD array (500) and TDD phase shifter (600).

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