A pretreatment device for purifying organic waste gas

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of waste gas filtration technology, specifically disclosing a pretreatment device for purifying organic waste gas, comprising: a housing, a filter assembly, and a cleaning assembly; multiple filter plates are arranged in a zigzag shape around the inside of the housing and are hinged end to end, the filter plates slide on mounting rings, filter cotton is disposed inside the filter plates, a spiral blade of the cleaning assembly is horizontally disposed inside the filter plates, and an adjusting block is disposed at the bottom of the housing corresponding to the spiral blade; water is stored at the bottom of the housing to submerge the lower filter cotton. In filtration mode, two filter cottons within the same V-shaped area are tightly adhered, efficiently intercepting particles using dense micropores and capillary water films; during cleaning, the adjusting block drives the V-shaped area to open and move upward, exposing deep-seated dirt, which, combined with the rotation, squeezing, and scraping of the spiral blade, achieves deep cleaning and regeneration of the filter cotton. This pretreatment device for purifying organic waste gas effectively solves the problems of easy clogging and difficult cleaning in traditional wet filtration, ensuring long-term stable and efficient operation of the device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste gas filtration technology, specifically to a pretreatment device for purifying organic waste gas. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of industrialization, the emission of organic waste gas generated in various industrial production processes is increasing daily, posing a serious threat to the atmospheric environment and human health. Traditional pretreatment methods for treating organic waste gas often employ single filtration or scrubbing devices, but these suffer from insufficient adaptability: for VOCs waste gases with different water solubility and concentrations, a single pretreatment device struggles to balance impurity removal efficiency with system compatibility; simultaneously, some processes fail to design pretreatment procedures tailored to the characteristics of downstream adsorption materials, leading to a shortened activated carbon adsorption saturation cycle and increased desorption and recovery energy consumption. For example, in the treatment of low-concentration, low-water-solubility VOCs, untreated waste gas easily causes blockage of activated carbon micropores, causing a surge in the adsorption system's processing load; while the lack of pretreatment for medium- and high-concentration waste gases may also affect the stability of subsequent condensation recovery or incineration systems.

[0003] Chinese patent application CN113350901A discloses a floating industrial workshop high-dust exhaust gas filtration device. By setting a flocculent filter element, the liquid level of the oil decomposing agent is controlled during use, so that the wet dust collection belt is in a relaxed state. When exhaust gas is introduced, the flocculent filter element floats and agitates on the liquid surface under the impact of the exhaust gas, making the liquid level of the oil decomposing agent unstable. At the same time, when the dust collection belt agitates, the vibration of multiple magnetic whiskers constantly connecting or separating causes larger particles of impurities adhering to the dust collection belt to fall and sink into the oil decomposing agent, thereby effectively maintaining the dust collection belt's adsorption capacity for particulate impurities.

[0004] However, traditional spray towers primarily rely on nozzles to atomize liquid droplets and capture dust. But nozzles are prone to clogging, and the large gaps between droplets result in low efficiency for capturing fine particles (PM2.5). To improve efficiency, some technologies employ packed towers or porous mesh structures to increase the gas-liquid contact area, utilizing micropores to form a water film to intercept dust. While this method effectively improves filtration accuracy, it is prone to clogging and difficult to clean. Since dust in the exhaust gas easily forms sticky sludge after wetting, these micropores are often blocked in a short time, leading to a sharp increase in system pressure. Existing backwashing methods typically use high-pressure water jets, but with a fixed pore structure, the cleaning water cannot penetrate deep into the pores, especially for highly adhesive sludge cakes. Hydraulic flushing is ineffective, often requiring shutdown for manual disassembly and cleaning or replacement of filter media, affecting production continuity and equipment maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a pretreatment device for purifying organic waste gas, aiming to solve the problem in related technologies where dust in waste gas easily forms sticky sludge after wetting, and these micropores are often blocked in a short time, leading to a sharp increase in system pressure. Existing backwashing methods usually use high-pressure water jets, but with a fixed pore structure, the cleaning water cannot penetrate deep into the pores, especially for highly adhesive sludge cakes, where the hydraulic flushing effect is minimal, often requiring shutdown for manual disassembly and cleaning or replacement of filter media, seriously affecting the continuity of production and increasing equipment maintenance costs.

[0006] A pretreatment device for purifying organic waste gas includes: a shell, an air inlet, and an air outlet. The shell is horizontally positioned. The device also includes: a filter assembly and a cleaning assembly. The filter assembly includes: multiple filter plates, mounting rings, and filter cotton. The multiple filter plates are connected end-to-end in a zigzag pattern and arranged circumferentially within the shell. The outer hinge shafts of the filter plates slide radially on the mounting rings. Sealing plates are respectively provided on both sides of the mounting rings. The filter cotton is disposed on the side of the filter plates facing the axis of the shell. The cleaning assembly includes: a spiral blade, a mounting block, and an adjusting block. The spiral blade is horizontally positioned inside the multiple filter plates. The mounting block is mounted on the shell for mounting the spiral blade. The adjusting block is located on the lower side of the shell, corresponding to the spiral blade. A driving component is provided on the mounting block to rotate the spiral blade. Water is stored inside the shell, with the liquid level submerging the filter cotton at the lower end.

[0007] In the filtration state, the two filter cottons located in the same V-shaped area are tightly attached. During cleaning, the adjusting block causes the two filter cottons in the same V-shaped area to open and move upward. After the filter plate rotates past the adjusting block, it resets. The driving component causes the spiral blade to rotate to squeeze and scrape the filter cottons on both sides.

[0008] Its effect lies in the following: A wet filtration environment is created through the combination of zigzag-arranged filter plates and filter cotton. In filtration mode, the filter cotton within the same V-shaped area adheres tightly, forcing exhaust gas entering the filter plate to pass through the dense microporous structure of the filter cotton. The capillary water film of the moist filter cotton efficiently captures and collects tiny particles. In cleaning mode, the adjustment block forces the originally closed V-shaped area to open and move upwards, exposing the deep-seated dirt on the filter cotton and restoring it to its natural state. Combined with rotating spiral blades, the opened filter cotton is continuously squeezed and scraped. This powerful cleaning mechanism, utilizing water stored at the bottom of the casing, thoroughly squeezes out and scrapes off stubborn dirt accumulated inside the filter cotton, effectively solving the core problems of traditional wet filtration—easy clogging and difficult regeneration—and achieving long-term stable operation of the device.

[0009] Preferably, the spiral blade near the rotating shaft is made of corrosion-resistant hard plastic, while the outer periphery of the spiral blade is made of a flexible material. The advantages are: the inner hard and outer flexible spiral blade design ensures both the structural rigidity of the cleaning mechanism and protects the filter cotton from damage. The hard plastic core ensures sufficient torque transmission capacity when the spiral blade rotates or scrapes the filter cotton, preventing deformation and failure. The flexible outer periphery, like a windshield wiper, significantly improves scraping efficiency while avoiding physical wear of the fragile filter cotton by the hard material, significantly extending the service life of consumables.

[0010] Preferably, the filter plate has a hinge shaft on the side near the housing, and a sliding groove is provided on the mounting ring. Both ends of the hinge shaft are slidably disposed within the sliding grooves of the mounting rings on both sides. An elastic element is disposed within each sliding groove, with one end of the elastic element positioned within the sliding groove and the other end positioned on the hinge shaft. In the filtration state, the hinge shaft is located at the end of the sliding groove furthest from the housing axis. The effect is that the design of the sliding groove and the elastic element provides the necessary degrees of freedom and elastic compensation for the dynamic deformation of the filter assembly. In the filtration state, the elastic element pushes the hinge shaft to the far end, ensuring that the V-shaped filter plate automatically resets and maintains a tight fit with the filter cotton, maintaining a high-efficiency filtration configuration. In the cleaning state, when the adjusting block lifts the filter plate, the sliding groove allows the hinge shaft to slide inward and move radially, preventing the mechanism from jamming.

[0011] Preferably, an air inlet pipe is provided on the sealing plate at one end of the air inlet, and the air inlet pipe is rotatably connected to the air inlet on the housing. A through hole is provided on the sealing plate at the other end, through which the mounting block is fixed to the housing. The effect is that the rotatable connection of the air inlet pipe ensures that the exhaust gas passage remains sealed while the filter assembly rotates as a whole, preventing leakage. The through hole design of the sealing plate at the other end allows the stationary cleaning component (spiral blade) inside to pass through the rotating sealing plate and be fixed to the housing, forming a relative motion state of external rotation and internal stationary state, providing a structural basis for the spiral blade to scrape the rotating filter cotton.

[0012] Preferably, the connecting rod between the mounting block and the spiral blade is a telescopic rod. The telescopic rod extends and retracts in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the housing, and the driving component is located at the lower end of the telescopic rod to drive the spiral blade to rotate. The advantages are: when not cleaning, the telescopic rod retracts, avoiding unnecessary friction between the spiral blade and the filter cotton, reducing energy consumption; during cleaning, the telescopic rod extends, precisely pressing the spiral blade against the filter cotton. Furthermore, the extension length can be adjusted according to the degree of dirt on the filter cotton, changing the squeezing force to adapt to cleaning needs under different working conditions.

[0013] Preferably, the adjusting block is located at the bottom of the housing, and the adjusting block is fan-shaped. A positioning surface is provided at the position corresponding to the axis of the spiral blade, and the positioning surface is horizontal. The effect is that the fan-shaped adjusting block located at the bottom of the housing ensures bottom-point cleaning. It only triggers the V-shaped opening action when the filter cotton passes through the bottom water bath area, reducing unnecessary mechanical movement. The horizontal positioning surface design ensures the stability of the V-shaped opening action, keeping the filter cotton surface in a well-expanded state, enabling effective contact with the spiral blade, ensuring that the spiral blade can evenly contact and clean the entire filter surface, avoiding dead corners.

[0014] Preferably, multiple rotating wheels are provided on the inner wall of the housing, and these wheels are arranged circumferentially between the housing and the mounting ring. The effect is that the rotating wheels, through rolling friction, greatly reduce the torque required to drive the filter assembly, achieving energy-saving operation. At the same time, the circumferentially distributed rotating wheels provide centering support, improving the coaxiality and stability of the rotating assembly and extending the equipment's lifespan.

[0015] Preferably, a drive mechanism is provided on the outer side of the housing. This drive mechanism drives the rotating wheel to rotate, thereby causing the two mounting rings to rotate synchronously. The advantages are: the external drive mechanism achieves physical isolation between the electrical components and the exhaust gas environment, significantly improving explosion-proof safety and corrosion resistance; and the dual-sided synchronous drive design avoids twisting and deformation of the long-span filter assembly during rotation, ensuring smooth movement.

[0016] Preferably, the filter cotton is snapped onto the filter plate, and a drain outlet is provided at the bottom of the housing. The advantages are: the snap-on design of the filter cotton eliminates the need for tools when replacing consumables, greatly improving maintenance efficiency; and the bottom drain outlet creates a smooth drainage channel, ensuring that impurities washed off can be discharged promptly during cleaning, maintaining the cleanliness of the cleaning fluid inside the housing.

[0017] Preferably, the sealing plate on one side of the air inlet is slidably mounted on the mounting ring, and the sealing plate can slide along the axis of the housing. The advantages are: the axially sliding sealing plate allows it to be removed during cleaning, enabling the removal of impurities from the inside of the filter cotton for cleaning and replacement, eliminating the need to disassemble the entire filter assembly and significantly reducing maintenance downtime; simultaneously, the sliding sealing structure ensures a tight seal with the mounting ring during normal operation, guaranteeing airtightness inside the housing and preventing unfiltered exhaust gas from leaking through gaps, thus balancing maintenance convenience and operational reliability.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] 1. By setting up a zigzag (V-shaped) ring-shaped filter plate structure, a dual-mode working mechanism of filtration and regeneration is formed. In filtration mode, the V-shaped plates are closed, and the two layers of filter cotton are tightly bonded. Utilizing the dense microporous structure and capillary water film formed by physical compression, it can efficiently intercept submicron-sized fine particles and oil mist, with a filtration accuracy far exceeding that of traditional spray towers. In cleaning mode, the mechanical pushing action of the adjusting block forces the V-shaped plates to open. Combined with the rotating compression and flexible scraping of the spiral blades, stubborn dirt deeply embedded in the filter cotton fibers is thoroughly squeezed out and peeled off.

[0020] 2. The spiral blades in the cleaning assembly employ an internal rigid and external flexible design. The core near the shaft uses a corrosion-resistant rigid plastic (such as reinforced PP or PTFE) to ensure sufficient structural rigidity and torque transmission capacity during operation, preventing deformation or breakage due to excessive resistance. The outer periphery of the spiral blades uses a flexible material (such as EPDM rubber or silicone), forming a soft contact edge similar to a windshield wiper. This design not only ensures thorough cleaning but, more importantly, prevents physical cuts or abrasions to the delicate filter fibers caused by hard scrapers. While ensuring powerful cleaning, it maximizes the protection of the filter media, achieving an optimal balance between cleaning efficiency and consumable lifespan.

[0021] 3. The hinge shaft in the filter assembly is installed in a sliding groove with an elastic element. In the filtration state, the elastic element releases its elastic force, pushing the hinge shaft to the far end, ensuring that the V-shaped filter plate remains tightly fitted under wind pressure, preventing exhaust gas leakage and maintaining a high-efficiency filtration configuration. In the cleaning state, when the adjusting block lifts the filter plate, the sliding groove allows the hinge shaft to slide radially inward, effectively preventing mechanical jamming or excessive stress concentration. Furthermore, the presence of the elastic element also gives the filter assembly a certain degree of shock resistance, absorbing airflow pulsations and mechanical vibrations, making the device operate more smoothly and quietly.

[0022] 4. The adjusting block is fan-shaped and located only at the bottom of the housing, ensuring that the V-shaped opening action only occurs when the filter plate is completely submerged in the cleaning solution. The use of water as a medium prevents secondary agitation of particles during the cleaning process. The cleaned impurities dissolve in the cleaning solution, and the bottom-sloping drainage design allows the sludge to drain smoothly, preventing it from accumulating in dead corners within the housing. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the processing device of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a front view of the casing of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting ring and rotating wheel of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filter component of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filter plate of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting ring structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 for Figure 6 An enlarged schematic diagram of part A in the middle.

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning component of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing plate of the present invention.

[0032] Figure label:

[0033] 11. Housing; 12. Air inlet; 13. Air outlet; 14. Drive component; 15. Rotating wheel; 16. Drain outlet; 17. Drive mechanism; 2. Filter assembly; 21. Filter plate; 211. Hinge shaft; 22. Mounting ring; 221. Sliding groove; 222. Elastic element; 23. Filter cotton; 3. Sealing plate; 31. Air inlet pipe; 32. Through hole; 4. Cleaning assembly; 41. Spiral blade; 42. Mounting block; 421. Telescopic rod; 43. Adjusting block; 431. Positioning surface. Detailed Implementation

[0034] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, a pretreatment device for purifying organic waste gas is disclosed. The device mainly includes: a shell 11, an air inlet 12, an air outlet 13, a filter assembly 2, and a cleaning assembly 4. The shell 11 is horizontally arranged, and the air inlet 12 is located at one end of the shell 11. Waste gas is introduced into the filter assembly 2 through the air inlet 12. The air outlet 13 is located at the upper end of the shell 11. After filtration, the air entering the filter assembly 2 is discharged through the air outlet 13 located at the upper end of the shell 11. Water is stored at the bottom of the shell 11, and the lower end of the filter assembly 2 is immersed in the water at the bottom of the shell 11. The filter assembly 2 performs gas filtration in the waterless area. After filtration for a period of time, impurities accumulate in the filter assembly 2, resulting in poor gas permeability. The cleaning assembly 4 is used to clean the filter assembly 2, restoring the filter assembly 2 to a better filtration state.

[0036] The organic waste gas to be treated is filtered by setting up filter component 2. The organic waste gas enters the filter component 2, and the filter component 2 can filter and collect the impurity particles in the organic waste gas. At the same time, smaller impurities can also be collected by the water film of the filter component 2. After collection, the filter component 2 is restored by cleaning component 4, so that the filter component 2 is restored to a better filtration state.

[0037] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the housing 11, serving as the main load-bearing structure of the entire device, is typically made of a high-strength material with excellent corrosion resistance. In this embodiment, the housing 11 is preferably made of SUS304 or SUS316L stainless steel sheet, rolled and welded, with a wall thickness ranging from 3mm to 8mm depending on the air volume and system negative pressure. To cope with certain acidic or alkaline exhaust gas environments, the inner surface of the housing 11 can also be coated with ETFE (ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer) or lined with a rubber anti-corrosion layer to ensure the service life of the equipment under harsh operating conditions.

[0038] The housing 11 has a horizontally arranged cylindrical structure, which provides better pressure resistance and can withstand greater system negative pressure without deformation. The air inlet 12 is located on one end face of the housing 11, and the air outlet 13 is located at the top of the cylindrical surface of the housing 11. After the exhaust gas enters axially from the side, it first undergoes deceleration and flow equalization in the annular space between the housing 11 and the internal filter assembly 2. Utilizing the principle of gravity settling, large particles of dust and liquid droplets carried in the exhaust gas settle to the bottom of the housing 11 first, preventing them from directly impacting the fragile filter cotton 23, thereby extending the filter material's lifespan. Subsequently, the airflow passes through the filter assembly 2 and exits through the top air outlet 13.

[0039] Furthermore, a drainage channel structure can be designed at the bottom of the housing 11. Specifically, the bottom of the housing 11 is provided with a drainage channel with a guide slope (e.g., an inclination angle of 3° to 5°) sloping towards the drain outlet 16. This design ensures that the mud and sediment generated during the cleaning process can automatically converge to the drain outlet 16 under the direction of gravity, avoiding the accumulation of mud in dead corners, bacterial growth, or secondary pollution. A drain valve or mud pump is connected to the drain outlet 16 for periodically discharging high-concentration waste liquid from the system. In addition, a level gauge, a water inlet, an overflow outlet, and an online pH monitoring probe are also installed on the side wall of the housing 11 for real-time monitoring and maintenance of the liquid level balance and water quality stability of the bottom washing liquid.

[0040] like Figures 3 to 7As shown, the filter assembly 2 includes: multiple filter plates 21, mounting rings 22 on both sides, filter cotton 23, and a connecting hinge shaft 211. The mounting rings 22 are located on both sides inside the housing 11. The mounting rings 22 cooperate with multiple rotating wheels 15 on the inner wall of the housing 11 through their outer circumference, achieving suspended support and rotation. The rotating wheels 15 are evenly distributed on the circumference and are made of wear-resistant polyurethane or nylon material wrapped around the bearings, which can not only bear the weight of the filter assembly 2, but also ensure quiet and stable rotation.

[0041] A drive motor is installed on the outside of the housing 11, which drives one of the rotating wheels 15 to rotate actively through a chain or gear transmission mechanism. This, in turn, drives the mounting ring 22 to rotate at an extremely low speed (e.g., 0.5 r / min to 2 r / min) using friction. This external drive method completely isolates the electrical components from the corrosive, flammable and explosive exhaust gases inside, greatly improving the safety and explosion-proof level of the equipment. At the same time, in order to reduce damage to the rotating wheel 15, the rotating wheel 15 below the water surface can be eliminated, thereby reducing the impact on the service life of the rotating wheel 15 in the water.

[0042] like Figures 2 to 8 As shown, multiple filter plates 21 are connected end-to-end between two mounting rings 22, forming the main frame of the filter assembly 2. Each filter plate 21 is a long strip-shaped plate structure, and each filter plate 21 is provided with multiple through holes 32. On the inner side of the filter plate 21 (the side facing the axis of the housing 11), a slot structure for fixing the filter cotton 23 is provided. The filter cotton 23 is made of flexible porous materials such as sponge.

[0043] Two adjacent filter plates 21 are rotatably connected by a hinge shaft 211. When all filter plates 21 are connected in series, they form a polygonal ring in cross-section. A sliding groove 221 is radially opened along the mounting ring 22, and the outer hinge shaft 211 is slidably installed within the radial sliding groove 221 of the mounting ring 22. An elastic element 222, preferably a stainless steel compression spring, is provided inside the sliding groove 221. In its natural state (i.e., in the filtering state), the elastic element 222 releases its elastic force, pushing the hinge shaft 211 towards the far end of the sliding groove 221 (the end furthest from the center). Under the action of the elastic element 222, two adjacent filter plates 21 are pushed outwards, forming an outwardly convex "V"-shaped structure. Due to geometric constraints, when the hinge shaft 211 is at the outermost end, the inner surfaces of the two filter plates 21 within the same V-shaped unit approach each other, causing the two filter cotton pieces 23 attached thereto to fit tightly together.

[0044] The tight fit in this filtration state forces the exhaust gas to pass through two tightly packed layers of filter cotton 23. The exhaust gas comes into contact with the water film inside the mesh of the filter cotton 23, improving filtration efficiency. The tightly packed filter cotton forms a micron-sized mesh, which, through capillary action, can firmly lock in the moisture brought up during the washing stage, forming a water film barrier. When exhaust gas impurities come into contact with this water film, they are quickly encapsulated, preventing them from directly adhering to the fiber surface and solidifying.

[0045] like Figures 4 to 9 As shown, to prevent unfiltered exhaust gas from directly entering the outlet 13, a sealing system is installed on both sides of the mounting ring 22. The sealing plate 3 on one side of the inlet 12 is not a simple fixed flange, but a dynamic sealing disc with axial movement capability. The sealing plate 3 is annular, and its outer edge is statically sealed to the inner wall of the housing 11 by a circular ring. The inner wall of the housing 11 forms a dynamic sealing fit with the end face of the rotating mounting ring 22. At the same time, the inlet pipe 31 guides the exhaust gas into the space between the sealing plate 3 and the filter assembly 2 through a rotary joint, ensuring unobstructed air intake.

[0046] After prolonged operation, filter assembly 2 accumulates a large amount of impurities on and inside the filter cotton 23, causing an increase in system differential pressure. At this point, the device enters online cleaning mode. As the mounting ring 22 rotates, the adsorbed V-shaped filter unit gradually rotates to the bottom of the housing 11. The bottom of the housing 11 is pre-filled with cleaning fluid, and the liquid level is designed to completely submerge the bottommost V-shaped unit. At this time, the V-shaped filter unit enters the cleaning fluid at the bottom.

[0047] like Figures 3 to 8 As shown, a fan-shaped adjusting block 43 is fixedly installed at the center of the bottom of the housing 11. The upper surface of the adjusting block 43 is a smooth horizontal plane, and its height is higher than the lowest point of the V-shaped filter plate 21 in its natural state. When the closed V-shaped filter plate 21 rotates past the adjusting block 43, the hinge of the filter plate 21 is pushed by the raised surface of the adjusting block 43. This upward pushing force overcomes the elastic force of the elastic element 222 in the sliding groove 221, forcing the hinge shaft 211 to slide towards the center within the sliding groove 221. This radial displacement causes the hinge shaft 211 to move upward, and the two filter plates 21, which were originally tightly closed, open like a book, and the V-shaped angle rapidly increases from an acute angle to an obtuse angle.

[0048] Particulate impurities in the exhaust gas collect inside the filter cotton 23. The V-shaped opening action restores both filter cotton 23 to their natural state, fully exposing them to the cleaning solution. The buoyancy, dissolving power, and surfactant components of the water quickly penetrate deep into the filter cotton 23, softening the dirt. Simultaneously, the cleaning component 4, located above the inner side of the V-shape, begins its work. The cleaning component 4 mainly consists of a spiral blade 41, a mounting block 42, a telescopic rod 421, and a drive component 14. The mounting block 42 is fixed to the stationary housing 11 through the through-hole 32 of the sealing plate 3 on the other side. The mounting block 42 passes through the central through-hole 32 of the sealing plate 3, allowing relative rotation between the mounting block 42 and the sealing plate 3; that is, the sealing plate 3 rotates while the mounting block 42 remains stationary and does not rotate with the mounting ring 22. The spiral blade 41 is horizontally positioned below the mounting block 42, directly facing the opened V-shaped area. The spiral blade 41 utilizes a composite material process with an inner hard and outer soft structure. Its spindle and blade skeleton are made of reinforced polypropylene (PP) or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) rigid material to ensure torque transmission and structural rigidity under high load; while the outer edge of the spiral blade 41 that contacts the filter cotton is a layer of flexible EPDM rubber or silicone scraper.

[0049] The spiral blade 41, with its rigid inner core and flexible outer core, ensures structural rigidity while protecting the filter cotton 23 from damage. The rigid plastic inner core ensures sufficient torque transmission capacity when the spiral blade 41 rotates or scrapes the filter cotton 23, preventing deformation and failure. The flexible outer material, like a windshield wiper, significantly improves scraping efficiency while avoiding physical wear on the fragile filter cotton from the rigid material, thus significantly extending the lifespan of the consumables.

[0050] As the V-shaped filter plate opens and passes beneath the spiral blade 41, the drive unit 14 (waterproof motor) rotates the spiral blade 41. The flexible rubber blades, like the impeller of a washing machine, repeatedly squeeze and scrape the surface of the opened filter cotton 23. Furthermore, the telescopic rod 421 (electric push rod or hydraulic cylinder) connecting the spiral blade 41 extends downwards according to the control system's instructions, applying a preset downward pressure to the spiral blade 41, causing it to deeply penetrate the sponge-like filter cotton 23. This combined action of rotation and squeezing effectively cleans the filter cotton 23. The blades of the spiral blade 41 press into the filter cotton, crushing the micropores filled with dirty water and squeezing out highly concentrated wastewater. As the blades rotate, the filter cotton rebounds, instantly absorbing surrounding clean washing water. Repeated squeezing, water absorption, and re-squeezing, combined with the axial thrust generated by the spiral structure, thoroughly clean the fine particles deep within the fibers of the filter cotton 23 and push them to both sides.

[0051] Furthermore, this device is equipped with an external PLC intelligent control system, enabling fully automatic unattended operation. The system monitors the differential pressure in real time. When the concentration of exhaust gas suddenly increases, causing accelerated blockage, the system automatically increases the rotation speed of the mounting ring 22 and the downward pressure of the spiral blades 41, quickly restoring the ventilation volume through high-frequency cleaning. When the concentration of dirt in the cleaning fluid in the bottom water collection tank is too high, the system automatically opens the drain valve to discharge sludge and simultaneously opens the water supply valve to replenish fresh water, always maintaining the cleanliness and dissolving capacity of the cleaning fluid. If the motor is overloaded, the system will immediately stop and reverse to attempt to extricate itself, while simultaneously issuing an alarm signal. In terms of maintenance, when the filter cotton 23 reaches the end of its service life and needs to be replaced, the operator only needs to open the end cover. Without disassembling the heavy metal filter plate, the operator can simply unfasten the clips or Velcro by hand to quickly replace the filter cotton, just like tearing tape. Due to the use of the spiral blades 41 with an inner hard and outer soft structure and the rolling support structure, the wear of the core mechanical components is minimal, and the design life is several years.

[0052] Working Principle: Gas-Liquid Filtration (Upper Semicircular Area): External organic waste gas, driven by the fan, enters the space enclosed by the filter screen and sealing plate 3 through the inlet pipe 31. At this time, most of the filter plates 21 above the liquid surface are in filtration mode. The elastic element 222 pushes the hinge shaft 211 to the far end, closing the V-shaped filter plate and tightly fitting the two layers of filter cotton 23. Driven by the pressure difference, the waste gas is forced to pass through these two layers of dense, moist filter cotton 23. Large dust particles directly impact the filter cotton 23 and are captured by the moist surface of the filter cotton 23. Tiny particles enter the interior of the filter cotton 23 and are intercepted by the intricate fiber network. Soluble VOCs components (such as alcohols and aldehydes) in the waste gas are absorbed and dissolved by the liquid film when passing through the capillary water film. The purified gas enters the outer cavity of the filter screen, converges, and is discharged from the outlet 13. The airflow is stable throughout the process. Because the filter cotton is in a moist and dense state, the removal rate of submicron particles is much higher than that of traditional dry filtration.

[0053] Filter cotton 23 regeneration mode (bottom water bath area): When the differential pressure sensor detects that the inlet and outlet pressure difference exceeds the set threshold, or according to the preset time program, the system starts the "regeneration mode". The drive structure drives the mounting ring 22 to rotate slowly through the rotating wheel 15, sending the dirty filter plate 21 into the water. Filter plate 21 enters the water, and the dirt on filter cotton 23 absorbs water and swells. Filter plate 21 abuts against the adjusting block 43, and the V-shape is forcibly opened, exposing the inner surface. Spiral blade 41 starts to rotate and press down. Flexible blades scrape, squeeze and rub the filter cotton. Filter plate 21 rotates past the adjusting block 43 and closes again under the action of spring force. At the moment of closure, the two filter cotton pieces squeeze each other, squeezing out excess water and retaining only the necessary capillary water film. The regenerated filter plate 21 rotates out of the water surface, and filter cotton 23, with a fresh water film, re-enters the upper filtration zone to begin a new round of filtration.

[0054] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pretreatment method for purifying organic waste gas, wherein the pretreatment method for purifying organic waste gas is used in a pretreatment device for purifying organic waste gas, the device comprising: The housing comprises an air inlet and an air outlet, with the housing horizontally positioned. It is characterized by further comprising: a filter assembly and a cleaning assembly; the filter assembly includes: multiple filter plates, mounting rings, and filter cotton; the multiple filter plates are arranged in a zigzag pattern within the housing, with hinged shafts on the outer sides of the filter plates sliding radially on the mounting rings; sealing plates are respectively provided on the mounting rings on both sides; the filter cotton is disposed on the side of the filter plates facing the housing axis; the cleaning assembly includes: a spiral blade, a mounting block, and an adjusting block; the spiral blade is horizontally positioned inside the multiple filter plates; the mounting block is disposed on the housing for mounting the spiral blade; the adjusting block is disposed on the lower side of the housing corresponding to the spiral blade; a driving component is provided on the mounting block to rotate the spiral blade; water is stored inside the housing, with the liquid level submerging the filter cotton at the lower end; In the filtration state, the two filter cottons in the same V-shaped area are tightly attached. During cleaning, the adjusting block opens the two filter cottons in the same V-shaped area and moves them upward. After the filter plate rotates past the adjusting block, it resets. The driving component makes the spiral blade rotate to squeeze and scrape the filter cottons on both sides. A hinge shaft is provided on the side of the filter plate near the housing, and a sliding groove is provided on the mounting ring. The two ends of the hinge shaft are respectively slidably set in the sliding grooves of the two mounting rings. An elastic element is provided in the sliding groove, with one end of the elastic element set in the sliding groove and the other end set on the hinge shaft. In the filtration state, the hinge shaft is located at the end of the sliding groove away from the housing axis. The bottom of the housing is pre-filled with cleaning fluid, and the liquid level is designed to completely submerge the bottom V-shaped area. The adjusting block is located at the bottom of the housing. The adjusting block is fan-shaped. A positioning surface is set at the position of the adjusting block corresponding to the axis of the spiral blade. The positioning surface is horizontal and the height of the horizontal surface is higher than the lowest point of the V-shaped filter plate in its natural state. The pretreatment method for purifying organic waste gas includes: most of the filter plates above the liquid surface are in a filtering state; the elastic element pushes the hinge shaft to the far end of the sliding groove, the V-shaped filter plate closes, and the two layers of filter cotton are tightly attached; the waste gas is forced to pass through these two dense, moist filter cotton layers under pressure difference; large dust particles directly impact the filter cotton and are captured by the moist surface of the filter cotton; small particles enter the interior of the filter cotton and are intercepted by the intricate fiber network; soluble VOCs components in the waste gas are absorbed and dissolved by the liquid film when passing through the capillary water film; The drive mechanism uses a rotating wheel to slowly rotate the mounting ring, sending the dirty filter plate underwater. As the filter plate enters the water, the dirt on the filter cotton absorbs water and swells. The filter plate then comes into contact with the adjusting block, forcibly opening in a V-shape to expose the inner surface. The spiral blades then start rotating and pressing down. The filter plate rotates past the adjusting block and closes again under the force of the spring. At the moment of closure, the two filter cotton pieces squeeze each other, squeezing out excess water and retaining only the necessary capillary water film. The regenerated filter plate then rotates out of the water, and the filter cotton, carrying a fresh water film, re-enters the upper filtration zone to begin a new round of filtration.

2. The pretreatment method for purifying organic waste gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spiral blade is made of corrosion-resistant hard plastic on the side near the rotating shaft, while the outer periphery of the spiral blade is made of flexible material.

3. The pretreatment method for purifying organic waste gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, An air intake pipe is provided on the sealing plate at one end of the air inlet. The air intake pipe is rotatably connected to the air inlet on the housing. A through hole is provided on the sealing plate at the other end, and the mounting block is fixed to the housing through the through hole.

4. The pretreatment method for purifying organic waste gas according to claim 3, characterized in that, The connecting rod between the mounting block and the spiral blade is a telescopic rod. The telescopic rod extends and retracts in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the housing. The driving component is located at the lower end of the telescopic rod and can drive the spiral blade to rotate.

5. The pretreatment method for purifying organic waste gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple rotating wheels are provided on the inner wall of the housing, and the multiple rotating wheels are arranged circumferentially between the housing and the mounting ring.

6. The pretreatment method for purifying organic waste gas according to claim 5, characterized in that, A drive mechanism is provided on the outside of the housing, which is used to drive the rotating wheel to rotate, thereby causing the two mounting rings to rotate synchronously.

7. The pretreatment method for purifying organic waste gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter cotton is clipped onto the filter plate, and a drain outlet is provided at the bottom of the housing.

8. The pretreatment method for purifying organic waste gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealing plate on one side of the air inlet is slidably mounted on the mounting ring, and the sealing plate can slide along the axis of the housing.

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