Cathode porcelain bushing assembly of electric dust remover

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric precipitator cathode porcelain bushing assembly, and relates to the technical field of electric precipitators, the electric precipitator cathode porcelain bushing assembly comprises an inner top, a heat preservation box with a heat preservation cavity, a suspender, an insulation porcelain bushing and a porcelain bushing cover plate, the porcelain bushing cover plate is installed at the top end of the insulation porcelain bushing, the upper end of the suspender is connected with the porcelain bushing cover plate, a plurality of communicating holes are formed in the porcelain bushing cover plate, and an air inlet is formed in the heat preservation box; the porcelain bushing cover plate is provided with an air guide assembly and a thermosensitive actuating piece, the air guide assembly comprises a plurality of air guide blades, the air guide blades correspond to the communicating holes and are used for guiding hot air guided in by the communicating holes to the surface of the inner wall of the insulating porcelain bushing, and the thermosensitive actuating piece is connected to the air guide assembly and deforms by sensing temperature changes. Therefore, the inclination direction of the air guide blades is adjusted. According to the scheme, the hot air blowing path can be changed by adjusting the angles of the air guide blades, local dust accumulation is avoided, it is guaranteed that the inner wall is evenly cleaned, the cleaning effect is improved, and the equipment operation period is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electrostatic precipitator technology, and in particular to a cathode ceramic sleeve assembly for an electrostatic precipitator. Background Technology

[0002] Electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) are important environmental protection devices for improving atmospheric pollution and air quality. They are primarily used to remove dust particles from flue gas, significantly reducing the content of dust and other harmful substances, making them ideal for controlling atmospheric dust pollution. All the porcelain bushings in an ESP are installed inside an insulated enclosure. High-voltage electricity is introduced through the high-voltage inlet porcelain bushings. Under high humidity conditions, water mist can form on the surface of the bushings, easily causing arcing and creepage between the potentials at both ends of the bushing, resulting in a short circuit in the high-voltage inlet porcelain bushing. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, this application provides a cathode ceramic sleeve assembly for an electrostatic precipitator. By adjusting the angle of the guide vanes, the hot air blowing path can be changed, avoiding local dust accumulation, ensuring uniform cleaning of the inner wall, thereby improving the cleaning effect and extending the equipment operation cycle.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution: An electrostatic precipitator cathode ceramic sleeve assembly includes an inner top, an insulated box with an insulated cavity, a hanging rod, an insulating ceramic sleeve, and a ceramic sleeve cover plate. The insulated box is fixed above the inner top, the insulating ceramic sleeve is disposed inside the insulated cavity and fixed above the inner top, and the ceramic sleeve cover plate is installed on the top of the insulating ceramic sleeve. The upper end of the hanging rod is connected to the ceramic sleeve cover plate. The ceramic sleeve cover plate has several connecting holes for guiding hot air from the insulated cavity into the interior of the insulating ceramic sleeve. The insulated box has an air inlet. The ceramic sleeve cover plate is equipped with an air guide assembly and a thermal actuator. The air guide assembly includes several air guide blades, which are correspondingly arranged with the connecting holes to guide the hot air introduced through the connecting holes to the inner wall surface of the insulating ceramic sleeve. The thermal actuator is connected to the air guide assembly and deforms by sensing temperature changes, thereby adjusting the tilt direction of the air guide blades.

[0005] In the above technical solution, hot air from the insulation cavity enters the interior of the insulating porcelain sleeve through the connecting hole. Guided by the air guide vanes, the hot air flows evenly along the inner wall surface, effectively preventing dust accumulation and condensation, thus improving insulation performance. The thermal actuator controls the tilt angle of the air guide vanes, changing the blowing path of the hot air on the inner wall of the insulating porcelain sleeve. This effectively avoids dust accumulation caused by insufficient airflow in certain areas (or prolonged lack of hot air), ensuring that the entire inner wall surface is evenly swept, effectively improving the cleaning effect of the inner wall of the porcelain sleeve and extending the equipment's operating cycle. It should be particularly noted that this application utilizes the thermal actuator's response to temperature to adjust the tilt angle of the air guide vanes, achieving dynamic adjustment of the hot air flow direction without external power supply or control equipment. When the temperature inside the insulation cavity changes, the thermal actuator deforms, causing the air guide vanes to shift at a specific angle. This application eliminates the need for an electric drive component or additional transmission mechanism on the top of the porcelain sleeve cover, ensuring insulation between the top of the porcelain sleeve cover and other parts of the insulation box. It also avoids insulation risks caused by external control wiring, enhancing overall electrical safety. Since the entire purging assembly remains inside the insulation box in a high-temperature environment, the absence of electronic components effectively prevents damage to control elements from high temperatures and dust, significantly improving the long-term stability and reliability of the system.

[0006] Preferably, the air guide assembly further includes a fixing member, a plurality of air guide blades are circumferentially spaced around the axis of the fixing member, and one end of the air guide blades is pivotally connected to the fixing member, and the thermal actuator is connected to the air guide blades.

[0007] In the above technical solution, when the temperature change causes the thermal actuator to deform, its pushing and pulling action is directly transmitted to the air guide blades, causing the blades to rotate around the pivot point, thereby adjusting the air guide angle in real time.

[0008] Preferably, the thermal actuator is a ring structure, sleeved on the outside of several guide vanes and connected to several guide vanes respectively; or, the thermal actuator is a ring structure, sleeved on the outside of several guide vanes, with an elastic element between the guide vanes and the fixing member, the elastic element keeping the guide vanes in a first position, and the thermal actuator deflecting the guide vanes to a second position by deforming and squeezing the guide vanes; or, there are multiple thermal actuators, each connected to a corresponding guide vane.

[0009] In the first technical solution, a ring-shaped thermal actuator can synchronously drive multiple guide vanes, ensuring consistent action of each vane and improving airflow uniformity and structural coordination. When the temperature changes, the thermal actuator deforms uniformly, driving all guide vanes to deflect synchronously, achieving unified control of airflow direction. In the second technical solution, the elastic element is a torsion spring or compression spring, which keeps the guide vanes in their initial first position. When the temperature changes, the thermal actuator deforms due to the temperature change, squeezing the guide vanes and causing them to overcome the elastic force of the spring element and deflect to the second position, thus adjusting the airflow direction. When the temperature drops, the elastic element resets, driving the guide vanes back to their initial state. The position of the guide vanes differs with different temperatures, thus achieving multi-angle adjustment of the guide vanes. In the third technical solution, multiple independent thermal actuators are connected to corresponding guide vanes, enabling independent response and angle adjustment of each vane.

[0010] Preferably, the thermal actuator is located below the connecting hole and on the hot air path of the connecting hole; or, the thermal actuator is located in the insulation cavity above the ceramic sleeve cover plate.

[0011] In the above technical solution, when the thermal actuator is arranged below the connecting hole, it can directly sense the temperature of the hot airflow, with a fast response speed and high control sensitivity; while when it is set inside the insulation cavity, it can avoid being directly impacted by the airflow of the connecting hole, and at the same time, it can exchange heat with the stable thermal environment inside the insulation cavity.

[0012] Preferably, the air guide assembly further includes a movable component. The air guide blades are provided with a rotating shaft, which is rotatably connected to the ceramic sleeve cover plate. The upper end of the air guide blades extends above the ceramic sleeve cover plate. The movable component is movably connected to the ceramic sleeve cover plate and links the upper ends of all the air guide blades. The tilt angle of each air guide blade can be adjusted by moving the movable component. The thermal actuator is connected between the movable component and the ceramic sleeve cover plate. The thermal actuator deforms with temperature changes, thereby driving the movable component to move relative to the ceramic sleeve cover plate.

[0013] In the above technical solution, the deformation of the thermal actuator drives the movement of the movable component, thereby synchronously adjusting the tilt angle of all guide vanes. A single movable component can simultaneously adjust the tilt angle of all guide vanes, ensuring consistent and adjustable airflow direction across all connecting holes. This avoids interference between airflows from different guide vanes due to asynchronous adjustments, improving purging uniformity and control precision. Furthermore, adjusting all guide vanes with a single movable component requires only one thermal actuator for overall adjustment, reducing structural complexity, installation difficulty, and cost.

[0014] Preferably, the movable part is provided with a plurality of linkage slots, and the upper end of the air guide blade extends into the corresponding linkage slot and abuts against the side wall of the corresponding linkage slot.

[0015] In the above technical solution, the linkage between the rotating component and the guide vane is achieved by the upper end of the guide vane extending into the side wall of the corresponding linkage groove. When the moving component rotates, the side wall of the linkage groove pushes the upper end of the guide vane, causing it to deflect synchronously around the axis of rotation, ensuring that the tilt angle of each guide vane is consistent. The linkage groove structure is simple and reliable, effectively avoiding slippage or jamming, and ensuring a smooth and stable adjustment process.

[0016] Preferably, the ceramic sleeve cover plate is provided with mounting holes matching the number of air guide blades. The upper end of the air guide blade passes through the corresponding mounting hole and extends into the linkage groove. Mounting grooves are provided on both sides of the mounting hole. The rotating shaft of the air guide blade is rotatably connected to the mounting groove. The mounting groove is open at the top. The movable part closes the top of the mounting hole and the mounting groove.

[0017] In the above technical solution, an opening is provided above the mounting slot to facilitate its fabrication and reduce processing costs. This design also aids in the installation and positioning of the guide vane shaft, improving assembly efficiency. The rotating component seals the top of the mounting hole and slot, preventing external impurities from entering and further enhancing the system's operational stability.

[0018] Preferably, an installation space is provided between the movable component and the porcelain sleeve cover plate, the upper part of the installation space is connected to the insulation cavity, and the lower part of the installation space is connected to the interior of the insulating porcelain sleeve, so as to form a second hot air channel in the installation space, and the thermal actuator is located in the installation space; or, an installation space is provided between the movable component and the porcelain sleeve cover plate, the thermal actuator is located in the installation space, and the upper part of the installation space is connected to the opening.

[0019] In the first technical solution, a second hot air channel is formed within the installation space, placing the thermally sensitive actuator in the hot air path. This allows the actuator to respond rapidly and deform under the influence of hot air, thereby driving the moving parts and achieving automatic adjustment of the guide vane angle. Thus, the deflection angle of the guide vanes can be quickly adjusted by changing the gas temperature within the insulation cavity. In the second technical solution, the thermally sensitive actuator is directly exposed within the insulation cavity, allowing it to sense temperature changes in real time. Therefore, the deflection angle of the guide vanes can be quickly adjusted by changing the gas temperature within the insulation cavity.

[0020] Preferably, the insulation box is equipped with an electric heater, and a portion of the heating element of the electric heater is located at the air inlet.

[0021] In the above technical solution, the electric heater heats the air at the air inlet, raising the temperature of the gas inside the insulation cavity. Adjusting the heating power of the electric heater can change the temperature of the gas inside the insulation cavity, thereby achieving control over the deflection angle of the air guide vanes.

[0022] Preferably, the side wall of the insulation box has a built-in air duct, the air inlet is located in the built-in air duct, the built-in air duct is equipped with a manual regulating valve for adjusting the air volume, an embedded air intake fan is installed in the built-in air duct, the insulation box is equipped with a thermometer, and another part of the electric heater is wrapped around the outside of the bottom of the insulating porcelain sleeve.

[0023] In the above technical solution, the incoming cold air is preheated by an electric heater. The purified cold air can be directly introduced into the insulation box and heated to near the internal temperature. This eliminates the need for a shared external fan system to maintain high air pressure to overcome the resistance loss from long-distance pipeline transportation, thus avoiding increased energy consumption. The built-in air duct and intake fan design facilitates use and maintenance. The elimination of a complex piping system reduces initial investment costs. Another part of the electric heater is wound around the outside of the bottom of the insulating porcelain sleeve, which raises the temperature of the sleeve and prevents condensation due to temperature differences, further ensuring the insulation performance of internal electrical components. By using a thermometer to monitor the temperature inside the insulation box in real time, combined with automatic adjustment of the electric heater, temperature control within the box can be achieved. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this application; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle; Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of this application. Figure 1 ; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the wind guide blade structure in this application; Figure 6 This is a partial structural diagram of this application.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Inner top; 2. Insulation box; 21. Air inlet; 22. Built-in air duct; 23. Insulation cavity; 3. Hanging rod; 4. Insulating porcelain sleeve; 5. Porcelain sleeve cover plate; 51. Connecting hole; 52. Mounting hole; 53. Mounting groove; 6. Air guide assembly; 61. Air guide blade; 62. Fixing part; 63. Rotating shaft; 65. Moving part; 65. Linkage groove; 651. Manual regulating valve; 7. Air intake fan; 8. Electric heater; 9. Thermometer; 10. Thermal actuator; 11. Installation space; 12. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present application will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] Example 1: like Figures 1 to 5As shown, an electrostatic precipitator cathode ceramic sleeve assembly includes an inner top 1, an insulation box 2 with an insulation cavity 23, a suspension rod 3, an insulating ceramic sleeve 4, and a ceramic sleeve cover plate 5. The insulation box 2 is fixed above the inner top 1. The insulating ceramic sleeve 4 is disposed inside the insulation cavity 23 and fixed above the inner top 1. The ceramic sleeve cover plate 5 is installed on the top of the insulating ceramic sleeve 4. The upper end of the suspension rod 3 is connected to the ceramic sleeve cover plate 5. The ceramic sleeve cover plate 5 is provided with several connecting holes 51 for guiding hot air from the insulation cavity 23 into the interior of the insulating ceramic sleeve 4. The insulation box 2 is provided with an air inlet 21. The ceramic sleeve cover plate 5 is equipped with an air guide assembly 6 and a thermal actuator 11. The air guide assembly 6 includes several air guide blades 61, which are correspondingly arranged with the connecting hole 51 to guide the hot air introduced by the connecting hole 51 to the inner wall surface of the insulating ceramic sleeve 4. The thermal actuator 11 is connected to the air guide assembly 6. The thermal actuator 11 deforms by sensing the temperature change, thereby driving the adjustment of the tilt direction of the air guide blades 61.

[0028] In the above technical solution, the thermosensitive actuator 11 refers to a functional element that has sensitive response characteristics to temperature changes, and can directly convert thermal energy into mechanical displacement (extension, bending, and resetting, etc.) through the thermophysical effects of the material itself (such as shape memory effect and the difference in thermal expansion coefficients of bimetals). It can also repeatedly achieve reversible deformation within a target temperature range, thereby driving the movement of related components. The thermosensitive actuator 11 can be a shape memory alloy spring, such as a CuZnAl shape memory alloy spring or a TiNi (nickel-titanium) shape memory alloy spring, or it can be a bimetallic hairspring or a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy wire. The temperature response range of the thermosensitive actuator 11 matches the dew point temperature range required to be maintained in the operating environment of the electrostatic precipitator.

[0029] In this embodiment, hot air from the insulation cavity 23 enters the interior of the insulating porcelain sleeve 4 through the connecting hole 51. Guided by the air guide vanes 61, the hot air flows evenly along the inner wall surface, effectively preventing dust accumulation on the inner wall and avoiding condensation on the inner wall of the insulating porcelain sleeve 4, thus improving insulation performance. The thermal actuator 11 controls the tilt angle of the air guide vanes 61, which can change the blowing path of the hot air on the inner wall of the insulating porcelain sleeve 4, effectively avoiding the problem of dust accumulation caused by insufficient airflow in some areas (or lack of hot air for a long time), ensuring that the entire inner wall surface can be evenly swept, effectively improving the cleaning effect of the inner wall of the porcelain sleeve and extending the equipment operating cycle.

[0030] It should be particularly noted that this application utilizes the thermal actuator 11's response to temperature to adjust the tilt angle of the guide vanes 61, achieving dynamic adjustment of the hot air flow direction without the need for external power supply or control equipment. When the temperature inside the insulation chamber 23 changes, the thermal actuator 11 deforms, causing the guide vanes 61 to shift at a specific angle. This application eliminates the need for an electric drive component or additional transmission mechanism on the top of the ceramic sleeve cover 5, ensuring insulation between the top of the ceramic sleeve cover 5 and other parts inside the insulation box 2, while avoiding insulation hazards caused by the introduction of external control lines, thus enhancing overall electrical safety. Since the entire purging assembly remains inside the insulation box 2 in a high-temperature environment, the absence of electronic components effectively prevents damage to the control elements from high temperatures and dust, significantly improving the long-term stability and reliability of the system.

[0031] In this application, the air guide assembly 6 further includes a fixing member 62, a plurality of air guide blades 61 are circumferentially spaced around the axis of the fixing member 62, and one end of the air guide blades 61 is pivotally connected to the fixing member 62, and the thermal actuator 11 is connected to the air guide blades 61.

[0032] In the above technical solution, when temperature changes cause deformation of the thermosensitive actuator 11, its pushing and pulling action is directly transmitted to the guide vane 61, causing the vane to rotate around the pivot point, thereby adjusting the guide angle in real time. The pivot point can be achieved through a hinge structure or a flexible hinge, or it can be achieved by using a mechanically weak area formed by local thinning as a rotation fulcrum, allowing the guide vane 61 to deflect flexibly under the action of the thermosensitive actuator 11. The fixing member 62 and the ceramic sleeve cover plate 5 can be separate structures connected by fasteners for easy assembly and maintenance; or they can be an integrated structure to improve overall strength and sealing.

[0033] In this application, the insulation box 2 is equipped with an electric heater 9, and a portion of the heating element of the electric heater 9 is located at the air inlet 21. An internal air duct 22 is formed in the side wall of the insulation box 2, and the air inlet 21 is located within the internal air duct 22. A manual regulating valve 7 for adjusting the airflow is provided on the internal air duct 22. An embedded air intake fan 8 is installed within the internal air duct 22. A thermometer 10 is provided on the insulation box 2. Another portion of the electric heater 9 is wound around the bottom outer side of the insulating porcelain sleeve 4.

[0034] In the above technical solution, the electric heater 9 heats the air at the air inlet 21, raising the gas temperature inside the insulation cavity 23. Adjusting the heating power of the electric heater 9 changes the gas temperature inside the insulation cavity 23, thereby controlling the deflection angle of the guide vanes 61. After entering, the cold air is preheated by the electric heater 9. The purified cold air can be directly introduced into the insulation box 2, heated to near the internal temperature of the insulation box 2. This eliminates the need for a shared external fan system to maintain high air pressure to overcome the resistance loss from long-distance pipeline transport, thus avoiding increased energy consumption. The built-in air duct 22 and air inlet fan 8 facilitate use and maintenance. The absence of a complex piping system reduces initial investment costs. Another part of the electric heater 9, wrapped around the bottom outer side of the insulating porcelain sleeve 4, can raise the temperature of the insulating porcelain sleeve 4, preventing condensation due to temperature differences and further ensuring the insulation performance of internal electrical components. By setting a thermometer 10 to monitor the temperature inside the insulation box 2 in real time, combined with the automatic adjustment of the electric heater 9, temperature control inside the box can be achieved.

[0035] Preferably, the radial plane passing through the center of the connecting hole 51 on the insulating porcelain sleeve 4 is the first plane, and the angle α between the air guiding surface of the guide vane 61 and the first plane corresponding to the connecting hole 51 is an acute angle, so that the hot air flows in a spiral shape along the inner wall of the insulating porcelain sleeve 4 after being guided by the air guiding vane 61. In the above technical solution, the air guiding surface of the air guiding vane 61 guides the airflow at a certain angle, forming a spiral airflow along the inner wall, which effectively improves the efficiency of removing dust accumulated on the inner wall.

[0036] Understandably, in one embodiment, the thermal actuator 11 is located below the connecting hole 51 and on the hot air path of the connecting hole 51. When the thermal actuator 11 is arranged below the connecting hole 51, it can directly sense the temperature of the hot airflow, resulting in a fast response speed and high control sensitivity.

[0037] Understandably, in another embodiment, the thermal actuator 11 is located inside the insulation cavity 23 above the ceramic sleeve cover plate 5. When the thermal actuator 11 is located inside the insulation cavity 23, it can avoid being directly impacted by the airflow from the connecting hole 51, while also exchanging heat with the stable thermal environment inside the insulation cavity 23.

[0038] Example 2: Based on Example 1, in one example, such as Figure 6 As shown, the thermal actuator 11 has a ring-shaped structure and is sleeved on the outside of several guide vanes 61 and connected to each of the guide vanes 61. In the above technical solution, the ring-shaped thermal actuator 11 can realize the synchronous driving of multiple guide vanes 61, ensuring that the movement of each vane is consistent and improving the uniformity of airflow and structural coordination. When the temperature changes, the thermal actuator 11 undergoes uniform deformation, driving all guide vanes 61 to deflect synchronously, thereby achieving unified control of the airflow direction.

[0039] Understandably, in another embodiment, the thermal actuator 11 is a ring structure, sleeved on the outside of several guide vanes 61. An elastic element is provided between the guide vanes 61 and the fixing member 62. The elastic element keeps the guide vanes 61 in a first position. The thermal actuator 11 deforms and compresses the guide vanes 61, causing them to overcome the elastic force and deflect to a second position. In the above technical solution, the elastic element is a torsion spring or a compression spring, which keeps the guide vanes 61 in the initial first position. When the temperature changes, the thermal actuator 11 deforms due to the temperature change, compressing the guide vanes 61 and causing them to overcome the elastic force and deflect to the second position, thereby adjusting the airflow direction. When the temperature drops, the elastic element resets, driving the guide vanes 61 to rotate back to the initial state. The position of the guide vanes 61 is different at different temperatures, thereby achieving multi-angle adjustment of the guide vanes 61.

[0040] Understandably, in another embodiment, there are multiple thermal actuators 11, each connected to a corresponding air guide vane 61 and a fixing member 62. In the above technical solution, multiple independent thermal actuators 11 are respectively connected to corresponding air guide vanes 61, enabling independent response and angle adjustment of each vane.

[0041] Example 3: like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, the air guide assembly 6 further includes a movable component 65. The air guide blade 61 is provided with a rotating shaft 63, which is rotatably connected to the ceramic sleeve cover plate 5. The upper end of the air guide blade 61 extends above the ceramic sleeve cover plate 5. The movable component 65 is movably connected to the ceramic sleeve cover plate 5 and links the upper ends of all the air guide blades 61. The tilt angle of each air guide blade 61 can be adjusted by moving the movable component 65. The thermal actuator 11 is connected between the movable component 65 and the ceramic sleeve cover plate 5. The thermal actuator 11 deforms with temperature changes, thereby driving the movable component 65 to move relative to the ceramic sleeve cover plate 5.

[0042] In the above technical solution, the movable component 65 can be a ring structure rotatably connected to the ceramic sleeve cover plate 5, and the movable component 65 is driven to rotate by the deformation of the thermal actuator 11; the movable component 65 can also be a slider, slidably connected to the ceramic sleeve cover plate 5, and the slider moves linearly by the extension and retraction of the thermal actuator 11. Regardless of the rotation or sliding form, the movable component 65 can be driven to move by the deformation of the thermal actuator 11, thereby driving all the guide vanes 61 to adjust their tilt angles synchronously. The tilt angles of all the guide vanes 61 can be adjusted synchronously by one movable component 65, ensuring that the airflow direction of each connecting hole 51 is consistent and adjustable, avoiding mutual interference of airflow between the guide vanes 61 due to asynchronous adjustment, and improving the uniformity of purging and control accuracy. Moreover, by adjusting all the guide vanes 61 by one movable component 65, only one thermal actuator 11 is needed to achieve overall adjustment, reducing structural complexity and installation difficulty, and reducing costs.

[0043] Preferably, the movable part 65 is provided with a plurality of linkage grooves 651, and the upper end of the guide vane 61 extends into the corresponding linkage groove 651 and abuts against the side wall of the corresponding linkage groove 651.

[0044] In the above technical solution, the linkage between the rotating component and the guide vane 61 is achieved by the upper end of the guide vane 61 extending into the side wall of the corresponding linkage groove 651. When the moving component 65 rotates, the side wall of the linkage groove 651 pushes the upper end of the guide vane 61, causing it to deflect synchronously around the axis 63, ensuring that the tilt angle of each guide vane 61 is consistent. The linkage groove 651 has a simple and reliable structural design, effectively avoiding slippage or jamming, and ensuring a smooth and stable adjustment process. The groove wall of the linkage groove 651 and the upper end of the guide vane 61 adopt an arc-shaped transition fit. The upper end of the guide vane 61 can abut against the side wall of the linkage groove 651 on both sides to form a bidirectional limit, ensuring that the thermal actuator 11 can effectively transmit driving force during expansion and contraction; or it can abut against only one side, which, together with the elastic reset component or the gravity of the guide vane 61 and the thrust of the hot air, achieves unidirectional driving and reset.

[0045] Preferably, the ceramic sleeve cover plate 5 is provided with mounting holes 52 matching the number of air guide blades 61. The upper end of the air guide blade 61 passes through the corresponding mounting hole 52 and extends into the linkage groove 651. Mounting grooves 53 are provided on both sides of the mounting hole 52. The rotating shaft 63 of the air guide blade 61 is rotatably connected to the mounting groove 53. The mounting groove 53 is open at the top. The movable part 65 closes the top of the mounting hole 52 and the mounting groove 53.

[0046] In the above technical solution, an opening is provided above the mounting groove 53 to facilitate the processing of the mounting groove 53, thereby reducing processing costs. Simultaneously, this design also facilitates the installation and positioning of the guide vane 61 shaft 63, improving assembly efficiency. The rotating component seals the top of the mounting hole 52 and the mounting groove 53, preventing the intrusion of external impurities and further enhancing the stability of system operation. The shaft 63 and the guide vane 61 are connected by an interference fit or a non-circular joint to ensure a stable connection and torque transmission, preventing rotational failure due to loosening. During assembly, first, the upper end of the guide vane 61 is passed through the mounting hole 52 from bottom to top. Then, the shaft 63 is assembled with the guide vane 61 body above the mounting hole 52. Finally, the shaft 63 is inserted downwards into the mounting groove 53 and fixed, ensuring a simple and efficient installation process.

[0047] Understandably, in one embodiment, an installation space 12 is provided between the movable component 65 and the ceramic sleeve cover plate 5. The upper part of the installation space 12 communicates with the insulation cavity 23, and the lower part of the installation space 12 communicates with the interior of the insulating ceramic sleeve 4, so as to form a second hot air channel within the installation space 12. The thermally sensitive actuator 11 is located within the installation space 12 and placed on the path of the second hot air channel. In the above technical solution, by forming a second hot air channel within the installation space 12, the thermally sensitive actuator 11 is placed in the hot air path, allowing it to respond quickly and deform under the action of hot air, thereby driving the movable component 65 to move and realizing the automatic adjustment of the angle of the guide vane 61. Thus, the deflection angle of the guide vane 61 can be quickly adjusted by changing the gas temperature of the insulation cavity 23.

[0048] Understandably, in another embodiment, an installation space 12 is provided between the movable component 65 and the ceramic sleeve cover plate 5. The thermal actuator 11 is located within the installation space 12, and an opening is provided at the top of the installation space 12 so that the thermal actuator 11 is exposed to the insulation cavity 23 and directly deformed by heat. In the above technical solution, the thermal actuator 11 is directly exposed to the insulation cavity 23, and can sense temperature changes in real time. Therefore, the deflection angle of the guide vane 61 can be quickly adjusted by changing the gas temperature in the insulation cavity 23. The installation space 12 is formed by slotting together the ceramic sleeve cover plate 5 and the movable component 65.

Claims

1. A cathode ceramic sleeve assembly for an electrostatic precipitator, comprising an inner top, an insulated box with an insulated cavity, a suspension rod, an insulating ceramic sleeve, and a ceramic sleeve cover plate. The insulated box is fixed above the inner top, the insulating ceramic sleeve is disposed inside the insulated cavity and fixed above the inner top, the ceramic sleeve cover plate is installed on the top of the insulating ceramic sleeve, the upper end of the suspension rod is connected to the ceramic sleeve cover plate, the ceramic sleeve cover plate is provided with a plurality of connecting holes for guiding hot air from the insulated cavity into the interior of the insulating ceramic sleeve, and the insulated box is provided with an air inlet. The characteristic feature is that... The porcelain sleeve cover is equipped with an air guide assembly and a thermal actuator. The air guide assembly includes several air guide blades, which are correspondingly arranged with the connecting holes to guide the hot air introduced through the connecting holes to the inner wall surface of the insulating porcelain sleeve. The thermal actuator is connected to the air guide assembly. The thermal actuator deforms by sensing temperature changes, thereby driving the adjustment of the tilt direction of the air guide blades.

2. The cathode ceramic sleeve assembly of an electrostatic precipitator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air guide assembly also includes a fixing member, and a plurality of air guide blades are circumferentially spaced around the axis of the fixing member, with one end of the air guide blades pivotally connected to the fixing member, and the thermal actuator is connected to the air guide blades.

3. The cathode ceramic sleeve assembly of an electrostatic precipitator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermal actuator is a ring-shaped structure, sleeved on the outside of several guide vanes and connected to several guide vanes respectively; or, the thermal actuator is a ring-shaped structure, sleeved on the outside of several guide vanes, with an elastic element between the guide vanes and the fixing member, the elastic element keeping the guide vanes in a first position, and the thermal actuator deflecting the guide vanes to a second position by deforming and squeezing the guide vanes; or, there are multiple thermal actuators, each connected to a corresponding guide vane.

4. The cathode ceramic sleeve assembly of an electrostatic precipitator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermal actuator is located below the connecting hole and on the hot air path of the connecting hole; or, the thermal actuator is located in the insulation cavity above the ceramic sleeve cover plate.

5. The cathode ceramic sleeve assembly of an electrostatic precipitator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air guide assembly also includes a movable component. The air guide blades are equipped with a rotating shaft, which is rotatably connected to the ceramic sleeve cover plate. The upper end of the air guide blades extends above the ceramic sleeve cover plate. The movable component is movably connected to the ceramic sleeve cover plate and links the upper ends of all the air guide blades. The tilt angle of each air guide blade can be adjusted by moving the movable component. The thermal actuator is connected between the movable component and the ceramic sleeve cover plate. The thermal actuator deforms with temperature changes, thereby driving the movable component to move relative to the ceramic sleeve cover plate.

6. The cathode ceramic sleeve assembly of an electrostatic precipitator according to claim 5, characterized in that, The movable component is provided with several linkage slots, and the upper end of the air guide blade extends into the corresponding linkage slot and abuts against the side wall of the corresponding linkage slot.

7. The cathode ceramic sleeve assembly of an electrostatic precipitator according to claim 5, characterized in that, The ceramic sleeve cover plate is provided with mounting holes matching the number of air guide blades. The upper end of the air guide blade passes through the corresponding mounting hole and extends into the linkage groove. Mounting grooves are provided on both sides of the mounting hole. The rotating shaft of the air guide blade is rotatably connected to the mounting groove. The mounting groove is open at the top. The movable part closes the top of the mounting hole and the mounting groove.

8. The cathode ceramic sleeve assembly of an electrostatic precipitator according to claim 5, characterized in that, An installation space is provided between the movable component and the porcelain sleeve cover plate. The upper part of the installation space is connected to the insulation cavity, and the lower part of the installation space is connected to the interior of the insulating porcelain sleeve, so as to form a second hot air channel in the installation space. The thermal actuator is located in the installation space; or, an installation space is provided between the movable component and the porcelain sleeve cover plate, the thermal actuator is located in the installation space, and the upper part of the installation space is provided with an opening.

9. The cathode ceramic sleeve assembly of an electrostatic precipitator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulation box is equipped with an electric heater, and part of the heating element of the electric heater is located at the air inlet.

10. The cathode ceramic sleeve assembly of an electrostatic precipitator according to claim 9, characterized in that, The side wall of the insulation box has a built-in air duct, the air inlet is located in the built-in air duct, the built-in air duct is equipped with a manual regulating valve for adjusting the air volume, an embedded air intake fan is installed in the built-in air duct, the insulation box is equipped with a thermometer, and another part of the electric heater is wrapped around the outside of the bottom of the insulating porcelain sleeve.

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