Powder adding and compacting mechanism for light and active metal powder forming process

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of metal powder additive manufacturing, and particularly discloses a powder adding and compacting mechanism for the light and active metal powder forming process, which comprises a forming cabin, and the bottom of the inner wall of the forming cabin penetrates through and is fixedly connected with a forming cylinder assembly; the part, located on one side of the forming cylinder assembly, of the bottom of the inner wall of the forming cabin penetrates through and is fixedly connected with a powder supply cylinder assembly, one side of the inner wall of the forming cabin is fixedly connected with a powder laying scraper assembly, and the part, located above the forming cylinder assembly, of the top of the forming cabin penetrates through and is fixedly connected with an optical system. According to the powder adding and compacting mechanism for the light and active metal powder forming process, through arrangement of the powder adding and compacting assembly, powder adding can be completed under the inert gas protection atmosphere under the condition that the cabin is not opened, powder oxidation failure is avoided, and the powder adding and compacting mechanism is suitable for the light and active metal powder forming process. And tight fusion of new powder and original powder is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal powder additive manufacturing technology, specifically to a powder addition and compaction mechanism for the process of forming lightweight and active metal powders. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of modern manufacturing transforming towards lightweight and high-performance, lightweight metal powders such as aluminum-based, magnesium-based, and titanium-based powders, along with active metal powders such as zirconium powder, niobium powder, and titanium-aluminum alloy powders, demonstrate irreplaceable application value in key fields such as aerospace, new energy vehicles, high-end equipment manufacturing, and biomedicine due to their unique physicochemical properties. Lightweight metal powders have advantages such as low density, high specific strength, and corrosion resistance, which can effectively reduce the weight of components and improve their load-bearing capacity. Active metal powders, on the other hand, have become key raw materials for manufacturing high-end core components and functional devices due to their excellent high-temperature mechanical properties, catalytic performance, and biocompatibility. In the aerospace field, the application of titanium-based and aluminum-based lightweight metal powder-formed components is becoming increasingly widespread. The forming process places extremely high demands on the precision, stability, and environmental adaptability of the powder compaction mechanism. In the new energy vehicle field, the mass production of products such as battery casings and lightweight structural components formed by magnesium-based powder has driven the development of powder compaction mechanisms towards high efficiency and large-scale production. In the biomedical field, implantable devices formed by titanium alloy active metal powder place even more stringent requirements on the cleanliness of the forming process and the uniformity of compaction density.

[0003] Chinese patent CN120644688B discloses a metal powder spreading mechanism and a 3D printing device, which can compact metal powder, reduce the gaps between metal powder particles, and increase the density of the metal powder. However, it cannot add new powder to highly reactive powder under inert gas protection without opening the chamber, to avoid oxidation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: a powder feeding and compaction mechanism for forming lightweight and active metal powders, comprising a forming chamber, wherein a forming cylinder assembly is penetrated and fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the forming chamber, a powder supply cylinder assembly is penetrated and fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the forming chamber on one side of the forming cylinder assembly, a powder spreading scraper assembly is fixedly connected to one side of the inner wall of the forming chamber, an optical system is penetrated and fixedly connected to the top of the forming chamber above the forming cylinder assembly, a powder feeding and compaction assembly is penetrated and fixedly connected to the top of the forming chamber, and a powder outlet is provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the forming chamber. The component includes a powder tank body, with a powder feeding nozzle connected to the top of the powder tank body. A quick-release clamp is fitted and fixedly connected to the powder feeding nozzle. A reducer is fixedly connected to the top of the powder tank body via a bracket. A servo motor drive shaft is fixedly connected to the input end of the reducer. A first magnetic coupling is fixedly connected to the output end of the reducer. A rotating sleeve is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the powder tank body via a bracket. A powder stirring shaft is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the rotating sleeve. A second magnetic coupling is fixedly connected to the top of the powder stirring shaft. A powder feeding mechanism is connected to the bottom of the powder tank body. The powder stirring shaft extends into the powder feeding mechanism. The powder feeding mechanism passes through the top of the forming chamber and is fixedly connected to the forming chamber.

[0005] Preferably, the forming cylinder assembly includes a forming cylinder body, the bottom of which is fixedly connected to the fixed end of a first lifting mechanism, the movable end of the first lifting mechanism passes through the bottom of the forming cylinder body and is fixedly connected to a forming piston, the side of the forming piston is slidably connected to the inner wall of the forming cylinder body, and the forming cylinder body passes through the bottom of the inner wall of the forming chamber and is fixedly connected to the forming chamber.

[0006] Preferably, the powder supply cylinder assembly includes a powder supply cylinder body. The bottom of the powder supply cylinder body is fixedly connected to the fixed end of a second lifting mechanism. The movable end of the second lifting mechanism passes through the bottom of the powder supply cylinder body and is fixedly connected to a powder supply piston. The side of the powder supply piston is slidably connected to the inner wall of the powder supply cylinder body. The powder supply cylinder body passes through the bottom of the inner wall of the forming chamber and is fixedly connected to the forming chamber. When the equipment is printing, if the powder supply cylinder body has sufficient powder, the forming piston descends by one powder layer thickness, and the powder supply piston rises simultaneously by one powder layer thickness, ejecting a quantitative amount of powder. The powder spreading scraper assembly spreads powder from one side of the powder supply cylinder body to the side of the forming cylinder body. After the powder spreading is completed, the optical system starts forming scanning, and the molten metal powder bed completes the printing of the current layer. Subsequently, the forming piston descends again by one powder layer thickness, the powder spreading scraper assembly reverses and returns, and the powder supply piston rises simultaneously by one powder layer thickness. The powder spreading and printing actions are performed in a cycle until the part is formed as a whole or the powder supply cylinder body is insufficient. This realizes an automated cycle of layered powder spreading and printing without manual intervention in the powder spreading process, ensuring uniform powder layer thickness, providing a stable foundation for continuous printing, and improving printing efficiency and part forming accuracy.

[0007] Preferably, the powder adding mechanism includes an air chamber housing, with a piston plug seal and a sealing end cap fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the air chamber housing, respectively. The piston plug seal and the sealing end cap are arranged symmetrically from top to bottom. A powder guiding piston shaft is slidably connected through the top of the piston plug seal, and the powder guiding piston shaft is slidably connected through the sealing end cap.

[0008] Preferably, a first guide bushing is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the gas chamber housing, and a second guide bushing is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the gas chamber housing. A first throttle valve is connected to a portion of one side of the gas chamber housing located below the first guide bushing, and a second throttle valve is connected to a portion of one side of the gas chamber housing located above the second guide bushing. A sealing sliding ring is fitted and fixedly connected to the portion of the powder guiding piston shaft located between the first and second guide bushings. A switch valve body is connected to the bottom of the powder guiding piston shaft, and a powder stirring cap is slidably connected to the bottom of the switch valve body. The gas chamber housing penetrates the top of the forming chamber and is fixedly connected to the forming chamber. The top of the powder guiding piston shaft is fixedly connected to the bottom of the powder tank.

[0009] Preferably, the powder guiding piston shaft has a powder adding cavity inside, the top of the powder adding cavity is connected to the bottom of the powder tank, and the bottom of the powder adding cavity is connected to the switch valve body.

[0010] Preferably, the stirring shaft extends into the powder adding cavity, and a spiral groove is formed on the side of the stirring shaft.

[0011] Preferably, the stirring shaft extends into the interior of the switch valve body. A double-cone-shaped plunger is fitted and fixedly connected to the portion of the stirring shaft inside the switch valve body. A double-cone-shaped switching groove is formed on the inner wall of the switch valve body. A sliding tube is fixedly connected to the bottom of the switch valve body. When new powder is added, the first throttle valve allows air in, the second throttle valve allows air out, and the powder guiding piston shaft moves downwards. After the stirring pressure plate contacts the upper surface of the powder supply cylinder assembly, the powder guiding piston shaft continues to press down. The stirring pressure plate and the stirring shaft remain stationary. The double-cone-shaped plunger and the double-cone-shaped switching groove form a powder falling channel. After the powder guiding piston shaft reaches its position, the servo motor drives the stirring shaft to rotate via a reducer and a magnetic coupling. The powder stirring shaft agitates the powder through spiral grooves, preventing bridging and clumping, and compacting it. After compaction, the second throttle valve allows air in, the first throttle valve allows air out, the powder guide piston moves upward, and the weight and rotation of the powder stirring plate close the falling channel. The magnetic coupling separates, the motor stops, the powder supply piston rises one layer, and the powder spreading scraper assembly scrapes off the loose powder on the surface. The equipment then resumes the printing process, eliminating the need to open the chamber to add new powder during printing. This avoids highly reactive powder from contacting air and ensures the effectiveness of inert gas protection. The miniaturized powder supply chamber design optimizes equipment space and cost, and the anti-caking agitation design ensures smooth powder flow, improving the continuity and reliability of new powder addition.

[0012] Preferably, a feed pipe is connected through and fixedly connected to the top of the powder mixing cap, and a spiral radial groove is formed at the bottom of the powder mixing cap. The inner wall of the feed pipe is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding insertion tube. The top of the powder mixing cap is fixedly connected to the powder mixing shaft. New powder is injected into the powder supply cylinder from the center of the powder mixing plate through the powder filling cavity inside the powder guide piston shaft and the feed pipe. The resulting central peak-shaped bulge of powder contacts the spiral radial groove of the powder mixing plate. The powder is evenly spread outwards by the rotation of the powder mixing plate. When the powder supply cylinder is almost full, the powder mixing plate feeds the powder... The compaction process is achieved through a single step, with the compaction pressure fed back through changes in the air chamber pressure. This allows for real-time monitoring of the powder compaction status. The powder mixing plate and the upper surface of the powder supply cylinder assembly are tightly fitted to prevent dust from spilling out when the powder falls, thus solving the problem of uniform spreading when injecting lightweight powder. The spiral radial grooves enable the powder to diffuse in all directions, ensuring the density of the powder layer. The air chamber pressure feedback mechanism precisely controls the compaction status, preventing loose powder from affecting print quality. The fitted design eliminates dust spillage and prevents contamination of the optical system, while also ensuring an inert gas environment to protect the highly reactive powder.

[0013] This invention provides a powder feeding and compaction mechanism for the process of forming lightweight and active metal powders. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. This device addresses the powder feeding and compaction mechanism during the forming of lightweight and active metal powders. During printing, when the powder supply cylinder is sufficiently powdered, the forming piston descends by one powder layer thickness, while the powder supply piston simultaneously rises by one powder layer thickness, ejecting a measured amount of powder. The powder spreading scraper assembly spreads powder from one side of the powder supply cylinder to the other side of the forming cylinder. After powder spreading is complete, the optical system initiates forming scanning, and the molten metal powder bed completes the printing of the current layer. Subsequently, the forming piston descends again by one powder layer thickness, the powder spreading scraper assembly reverses, and the powder supply piston simultaneously rises by one powder layer thickness. This cycle of powder spreading and printing continues until the part is fully formed or the powder supply cylinder is insufficient. This achieves automated, cyclical operation of layered powder spreading and printing, eliminating the need for manual intervention in the powder spreading process. It ensures uniform powder layer thickness, provides a stable foundation for continuous printing, and improves printing efficiency and part forming accuracy.

[0014] 2. This powder addition and compaction mechanism is designed for the molding of lightweight and active metal powders. The new powder addition process achieves non-open-chamber operation through pneumatic control, powder mixing and compaction, and magnetic transmission, solving multiple problems of traditional open-chamber powder addition. The throttle valve precisely controls the lifting and lowering of the powder guide piston shaft, driving the powder mixing plate and the powder mixing shaft to work together. When the spiral groove of the powder mixing shaft rotates, it can fully agitate the powder, reducing the powder agglomeration rate and avoiding powder bridging and poor flow that could lead to powder supply interruption. The magnetic coupling transmits torque, driving the powder mixing shaft without mechanical contact, ensuring the sealing performance inside the chamber. Combined with the non-open-chamber design, powder addition can be completed in an inert gas protective atmosphere, avoiding powder oxidation failure and disruption of the gas atmosphere inside the chamber. After powder addition, the powder is compacted by the powder mixing plate, and the loose layer is scraped off by the subsequent powder spreading scraper, ensuring that the new powder is tightly integrated with the original powder. In addition, the miniaturized and simplified design of the powder supply chamber means that compared with traditional large powder supply systems, the equipment occupies less space, has lower manufacturing costs, and is suitable for small and medium-sized industrial 3D printing equipment scenarios.

[0015] 3. This powder feeding and compaction mechanism, designed for the process of forming lightweight and active metal powders, solves the challenges of lightweight powder handling and equipment contamination through a triple design of spiral spreading, pressure feedback, and tight sealing. When the powder is injected from the center of the mixing platen, it forms a central peak-shaped bulge. The spiral radial grooves on the lower surface of the mixing platen spread the powder evenly in all directions during rotation, avoiding localized accumulation that could lead to thickness deviations in subsequent powder application. The mixing platen gradually compacts the powder, and the pressure it receives is fed back in real-time through changes in the air chamber pressure. Operators can accurately judge the compaction status of the powder using the pressure data, ensuring powder density and completely solving the problem of insufficient density for lightweight powders in traditional powder feeding methods. The tight fit between the mixing platen and the powder supply cylinder assembly prevents powder dust from overflowing during powder feeding, avoiding dust contamination of the optical scanning system, reducing equipment maintenance frequency and costs, and extending the service life of optical components. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the powder addition and compaction mechanism for the forming of lightweight and active metal powders according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the forming cylinder assembly of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the powder supply cylinder assembly of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the powder-adding compaction component structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the powder tank of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the powder adding mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the air cavity shell of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal connection structure of the powder guiding piston shaft of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure and connection of the switching valve body of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the powder mixing cap of the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Forming chamber; 2. Forming cylinder assembly; 3. Powder supply cylinder assembly; 4. Powder spreading scraper assembly; 5. Optical system; 6. Powder adding and compacting assembly; 7. Powder outlet; 61. Powder tank body; 62. Powder adding nozzle; 63. Quick-release clamp; 64. Reducer; 65. Servo motor; 66. First magnetic coupling; 67. Powder stirring shaft; 68. Powder adding mechanism; 69. Rotating sleeve; 610. Second magnetic coupling; 21. Forming cylinder body; 22. First lifting mechanism; 23. Forming piston; 31. Powder supply cylinder body; 32. Second lifting mechanism; 33. Powder feeding piston; 681, air chamber housing; 6810, piston plug seal; 683, sealing end cap; 684, powder guiding piston shaft; 685, first guide bushing; 686, second guide bushing; 687, first throttle valve; 688, second throttle valve; 6811, sealing sliding ring; 689, switch valve body; 682, powder stirring cover; 6841, powder adding cavity; 671, spiral groove; 672, double conical plumb bob; 6891, double conical switch groove; 6892, sliding tube; 6821, feed pipe; 6822, spiral radial groove. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] For the first embodiment, please refer to... Figures 1-3This invention provides a technical solution: a powder feeding and compaction mechanism for forming lightweight and active metal powders, comprising a forming chamber 1, a forming cylinder assembly 2 that is connected through and fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the forming chamber 1, a powder supply cylinder assembly 3 that is connected through and fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the forming chamber 1 on one side of the forming cylinder assembly 2, a powder spreading scraper assembly 4 that is fixedly connected to one side of the inner wall of the forming chamber 1, an optical system 5 that is connected through and fixedly connected to the top of the forming chamber 1 above the forming cylinder assembly 2, and a powder feeding and compaction mechanism that is connected through and fixedly connected to the top of the forming chamber 1. The solid component 6 includes a powder outlet 7 at the bottom of the inner wall of the forming chamber 1. The powder feeding and compaction component 6 includes a powder tank 61, with a powder feeding nozzle 62 connected to the top of the powder tank 61. A quick-release clamp 63 is fitted and fixedly connected to the powder feeding nozzle 62. A reducer 64 is fixedly connected to the top of the powder tank 61 via a bracket. The input end of the reducer 64 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft of a servo motor 65, and the output end of the reducer 64 is fixedly connected to a first magnetic coupling 66. A rotating sleeve 69 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the powder tank 61 via a bracket. A powder stirring shaft 67 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of sleeve 69. A second magnetic coupling 610 is fixedly connected to the top of the powder stirring shaft 67. The bottom of the powder tank 61 is connected to a powder adding mechanism 68. The powder stirring shaft 67 extends into the powder adding mechanism 68. The powder adding mechanism 68 passes through the top of the forming chamber 1 and is fixedly connected to the forming chamber 1. The forming cylinder assembly 2 includes a forming cylinder body 21. The bottom of the forming cylinder body 21 is fixedly connected to the fixed end of a first lifting mechanism 22. The movable end of the first lifting mechanism 22 passes through the bottom of the forming cylinder body 21 and is fixedly connected to a forming piston 23. The side of the forming piston 23 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the forming cylinder 21. The forming cylinder 21 penetrates the bottom of the inner wall of the forming chamber 1 and is fixedly connected to the forming chamber 1. The powder supply cylinder assembly 3 includes a powder supply cylinder 31. The bottom of the powder supply cylinder 31 is fixedly connected to the fixed end of the second lifting mechanism 32. The movable end of the second lifting mechanism 32 penetrates the bottom of the powder supply cylinder 31 and is fixedly connected to the powder supply piston 33. The side of the powder supply piston 33 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the powder supply cylinder 31. The powder supply cylinder 31 penetrates the bottom of the inner wall of the forming chamber 1 and is fixedly connected to the forming chamber 1.

[0020] In operation, when the equipment starts printing, the powder supply cylinder 31 is filled with powder. The first lifting mechanism 22 lowers the forming piston 23 in the forming cylinder 21 by one powder layer thickness, and the second lifting mechanism 32 raises the powder supply piston 33 in the powder supply cylinder 31 by one powder layer thickness, pushing out a certain amount of powder from inside the powder supply cylinder 31. The powder spreading scraper assembly 4 spreads powder from one side of the powder supply cylinder 31 to the side of the forming cylinder 21. After the powder spreading is completed, the optical system 5 starts forming scanning, melting the metal powder bed, and completing the printing of the current layer. Then the forming piston 23 lowers again by one powder layer thickness, and the powder spreading scraper assembly 4 returns from one side of the forming cylinder 21 to the side of the powder supply cylinder 31. The powder supply piston 33 in the powder supply cylinder 31 rises by one powder layer thickness. The powder spreading action and printing forming action are completed in a cycle until the part is formed as a whole or the powder supply cylinder 31 is insufficient and a new powder adding process is required, thereby improving the continuity of equipment operation.

[0021] Second embodiment, please refer to Figures 1-9Based on the first embodiment, the present invention provides a technical solution: the powder adding mechanism 68 includes a gas chamber housing 681, with a piston plug seal 6810 and a sealing end cap 683 fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the gas chamber housing 681, respectively. The piston plug seal 6810 and the sealing end cap 683 are arranged symmetrically from top to bottom. A powder guiding piston shaft 684 is slidably connected through the top of the piston plug seal 6810, and the powder guiding piston shaft 684 passes through the sealing end cap 683 and is slidably connected to the sealing end cap 683. A first guide bushing 685 is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the cavity housing 681, and a second guide bushing 686 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the gas cavity housing 681. A first throttle valve 687 is connected to a portion of one side of the gas cavity housing 681 below the first guide bushing 685, and a second throttle valve 688 is connected to a portion of one side of the gas cavity housing 681 above the second guide bushing 686. A portion of the powder guiding piston shaft 684 located between the first guide bushing 685 and the second guide bushing 686 is fitted with... A sealing sliding ring 6811 is fixedly connected to the powder guiding piston shaft 684. A switch valve body 689 is connected to the bottom of the switch valve body 689. A powder stirring cap 682 is slidably connected to the bottom of the switch valve body 689. The air chamber shell 681 penetrates the top of the forming chamber 1 and is fixedly connected to the forming chamber 1. The top of the powder guiding piston shaft 684 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the powder tank 61. A powder adding cavity 6841 is opened inside the powder guiding piston shaft 684. The top of the powder adding cavity 6841 is connected to the bottom of the powder tank 61. The bottom of the powder cavity 6841 is connected to the switch valve body 689. The powder stirring shaft 67 extends into the powder adding cavity 6841. The side of the powder stirring shaft 67 is provided with a spiral groove 671. The powder stirring shaft 67 extends into the switch valve body 689. The part of the side of the powder stirring shaft 67 located inside the switch valve body 689 is fitted with and fixedly connected to a double conical plumb bob 672. The inner wall of the switch valve body 689 is provided with a double conical switch groove 6891. The bottom of the switch valve body 689 is fixedly connected to a sliding tube 6892.

[0022] When new powder is added, the first throttle valve 687 begins to allow air in, and the second throttle valve 688 begins to exhaust air. The powder guide piston shaft 684 begins to move downward. When the powder stirring cover 682 contacts the upper surface of the powder supply cylinder assembly 3, the powder guide piston shaft 684 continues to press down. The powder stirring cover 682 and the powder stirring shaft 67 remain stationary due to obstruction. The gap between the double conical plumb bob 672 on the powder stirring shaft 67 and the double conical switch groove 6891 in the switch valve body 689 opens, providing a channel for the powder to fall. When the powder guide piston shaft 684 is in position, the servo motor 65 and the reducer 64 drive the first magnetic coupling 66 to rotate. The first magnetic coupling 66 transmits torque to the second magnetic coupling 610 and the powder stirring shaft 67. The powder stirring shaft 67 drives the powder stirring cover 682 to start rotating. The powder stirring shaft 67 has a spiral groove 671, which agitates the powder during rotation, preventing bridging and clumping. The phenomenon of poor flow is addressed by compaction. After the powder is added and compacted, the second throttle valve 688 starts to intake air, and the first throttle valve 687 starts to exhaust air. The sealing sliding ring 6811 drives the powder guiding piston shaft 684 to move upward. Due to its own weight and rotation, the powder stirring cover 682 gradually closes the gap between the vertical part of the powder stirring shaft 67 and the switch valve body 689, closing the powder falling channel. The servo motor 65 and the reducer 64 stop rotating. After the powder guiding piston shaft 684 moves to the designated position, the powder addition and compaction action is completed. The powder supply piston 33 rises, and the powder spreading scraper assembly 4 spreads the powder once to scrape off the top layer of loose powder. The equipment can then re-enter the printing process, thus enabling the addition of new powder during the forming process without opening the chamber. The miniaturized and simplified design of the powder supply chamber is beneficial for equipment space and cost control, ensuring the addition of new powder under the protection of inert gas for highly active powder.

[0023] Third embodiment, please refer to Figures 1-10 Based on the second embodiment, the present invention provides a technical solution: the top of the powder mixing cover 682 is connected to a feed pipe 6821, the bottom of the powder mixing cover 682 is provided with a spiral radial groove 6822, the inner wall of the feed pipe 6821 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding insertion tube 6892, and the top of the powder mixing cover 682 is fixedly connected to the powder mixing shaft 67.

[0024] During use, when injecting powder into the powder supply cylinder 31, the powder enters the feed pipe 6821 through the powder feeding cavity 6841 inside the powder guide piston shaft 684, and is finally injected into the powder supply cylinder 31 from the center of the powder mixing cover 682. This creates a central peak-shaped bulge. When the bulge of powder contacts the powder mixing cover 682, it comes into contact with the spiral radial grooves 6822 on the lower surface of the powder mixing cover 682. The rotation of the powder mixing cover 682 spreads the powder outwards. When the powder cylinder is almost full, the powder mixing cover 682... 2 will further compact the powder. The pressure received by the powder mixing cap 682 will be fed back through the pressure change in the air chamber housing 681. Similarly, by reading the pressure change in the air chamber housing 681, the compaction state of the powder can be fed back, thereby ensuring the density of the powder. This solves the problem that the powder density of the powder feeding method cannot meet the requirements of powder spreading printing. In addition, because the powder mixing cap 682 is attached to the upper surface of the powder supply cylinder assembly 3, the dust generated by the falling powder will not overflow into the powder supply cylinder 31, avoiding the problem of dust contamination of the optical system 5.

[0025] Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art and related fields based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Structures, devices, and operating methods not specifically described and explained in the present invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, shall be implemented according to conventional means in the art.

Claims

1. A powder-adding and compaction mechanism for the process of forming lightweight and active metal powders, characterized in that: The device includes a forming chamber (1), a forming cylinder assembly (2) that is connected through and fixed to the bottom of the inner wall of the forming chamber (1), a powder supply cylinder assembly (3) that is connected through and fixed to the bottom of the inner wall of the forming chamber (1) on one side of the forming cylinder assembly (2), a powder spreading scraper assembly (4) that is fixed to one side of the inner wall of the forming chamber (1), an optical system (5) that is connected through and fixed to the top of the forming chamber (1) above the forming cylinder assembly (2), a powder adding and compacting assembly (6) that is connected through and fixed to the top of the forming chamber (1), and a powder outlet (7) that is opened at the bottom of the inner wall of the forming chamber (1). The powder addition and compaction assembly (6) includes a powder tank (61), with a powder addition nozzle (62) connected to the top of the powder tank (61). A quick-release clamp (63) is fitted and fixedly connected to the powder addition nozzle (62). A reducer (64) is fixedly connected to the top of the powder tank (61) via a bracket. The input end of the reducer (64) is fixedly connected to the drive shaft of a servo motor (65), and the output end of the reducer (64) is fixedly connected to a first magnetic coupling (66). The inner wall of the powder tank (61) is fixedly connected to a rotating sleeve (69) by a bracket. The inner wall of the rotating sleeve (69) is rotatably connected to a stirring shaft (67). The top of the stirring shaft (67) is fixedly connected to a second magnetic coupling (610). The bottom of the powder tank (61) is connected to a powder adding mechanism (68). The stirring shaft (67) extends into the powder adding mechanism (68). The powder adding mechanism (68) passes through the top of the forming chamber (1) and is fixedly connected to the forming chamber (1).

2. The powder feeding and compaction mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The forming cylinder assembly (2) includes a forming cylinder body (21). The bottom of the forming cylinder body (21) is fixedly connected to the fixed end of a first lifting mechanism (22). The movable end of the first lifting mechanism (22) passes through the bottom of the forming cylinder body (21) and is fixedly connected to a forming piston (23). The side of the forming piston (23) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the forming cylinder body (21). The forming cylinder body (21) passes through the bottom of the inner wall of the forming chamber (1) and is fixedly connected to the forming chamber (1).

3. The powder feeding and compaction mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The powder supply cylinder assembly (3) includes a powder supply cylinder body (31). The bottom of the powder supply cylinder body (31) is fixedly connected to the fixed end of the second lifting mechanism (32). The movable end of the second lifting mechanism (32) passes through the bottom of the powder supply cylinder body (31) and is fixedly connected to a powder supply piston (33). The side of the powder supply piston (33) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the powder supply cylinder body (31). The powder supply cylinder body (31) passes through the bottom of the inner wall of the forming chamber (1) and is fixedly connected to the forming chamber (1).

4. The powder feeding and compaction mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The powder adding mechanism (68) includes an air chamber housing (681). The top and bottom of the air chamber housing (681) are respectively fixedly connected to a piston plug seal (6810) and a sealing end cap (683). The piston plug seal (6810) and the sealing end cap (683) are arranged symmetrically from top to bottom. A powder guiding piston shaft (684) is slidably connected through the top of the piston plug seal (6810). The powder guiding piston shaft (684) passes through the sealing end cap (683) and is slidably connected to the sealing end cap (683).

5. The powder feeding and compaction mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first guide bushing (685) is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the air chamber housing (681), and a second guide bushing (686) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the air chamber housing (681). A first throttle valve (687) is connected to a portion of one side of the air chamber housing (681) below the first guide bushing (685), and a second throttle valve (688) is connected to a portion of one side of the air chamber housing (681) above the second guide bushing (686). The powder guiding piston shaft (684) is located on... A sealing sliding ring (6811) is fitted and fixedly connected between the first guide bushing (685) and the second guide bushing (686). The bottom of the powder guiding piston shaft (684) is connected to the switch valve body (689). The bottom of the switch valve body (689) is slidably connected to the powder stirring cap (682). The air chamber shell (681) penetrates the top of the forming chamber (1) and is fixedly connected to the forming chamber (1). The top of the powder guiding piston shaft (684) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the powder tank (61).

6. The powder feeding and compaction mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The powder guide piston shaft (684) has a powder filling cavity (6841) inside. The top of the powder filling cavity (6841) is connected to the bottom of the powder tank (61), and the bottom of the powder filling cavity (6841) is connected to the switch valve body (689).

7. The powder feeding and compaction mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The stirring shaft (67) extends into the powder adding cavity (6841), and a spiral groove (671) is provided on the side of the stirring shaft (67).

8. The powder feeding and compaction mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: The stirring shaft (67) extends into the inside of the switch valve body (689). A double-cone plumb bob (672) is fitted and fixedly connected to the part of the stirring shaft (67) located inside the switch valve body (689). A double-cone switch groove (6891) is opened on the inner wall of the switch valve body (689). A sliding tube (6892) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the switch valve body (689).

9. A powder-adding and compaction mechanism according to claim 8 for the process of forming lightweight and active metal powders, characterized in that: The top of the powder mixing cover (682) is connected to a feed pipe (6821), and the bottom of the powder mixing cover (682) is provided with a spiral radial groove (6822). The inner wall of the feed pipe (6821) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding insert (6892), and the top of the powder mixing cover (682) is fixedly connected to the powder mixing shaft (67).

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