Brake disc coating grinding device with surface ultra-high-speed laser cladding coating

Abstract

The invention discloses a brake disc coating grinding device with a surface ultra-high-speed laser cladding coating, and relates to the technical field of brake disc grinding. The device comprises a rack, a tensioning type mandrel clamp used for clamping a brake disc is installed in the rack, a two-way laser range finder is installed on the outer side of the tensioning type mandrel clamp, a cutter conversion assembly is installed in the rack, and the cutter conversion assembly can rotate around the center line position rotation center of the tensioning type mandrel clamp. A cutter conversion assembly is installed on the machine frame, three cutter assemblies are installed on the cutter conversion assembly and conduct rough grinding, accurate grinding and super-accurate grinding correspondingly, a cutter driving assembly capable of ascending and descending is installed on the inner wall of the machine frame, and a cooling system is arranged in the machine frame. Through innovation of a grinding integrated process, the industrial pain points that a high-hardness composite coating is difficult to machine, low in precision and poor in efficiency are solved, the machining targets of high efficiency, high precision and low loss are achieved, and large-scale application of the laser cladding coating brake disc is assisted.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of brake disc grinding, and in particular to a brake disc coating grinding device with a surface ultra-high-speed laser cladding coating. BACKGROUND

[0002] A brake disc is a crucial component of an automobile braking system, and its performance directly affects the safety and stability of a vehicle. With the continuous development of the automobile industry, the performance requirements for brake discs are becoming higher and higher, especially in terms of wear resistance, thermal stability and braking performance. In order to improve the quality and performance of brake discs, grinding is a key post-processing technology and has been widely used. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop an efficient and accurate brake disc grinding device.

[0003] The wear dust emission of a traditional gray cast iron brake disc (HT250 / GG20) exceeds the standard (about 15-20 mg per kilometer, far exceeding the ≤7 mg of the European 7 standard), and although the WC+TiC+ceramic composite coating prepared by ultra-high-speed laser cladding can improve the wear resistance by 5-8 times (the service life is extended to 80-100 thousand kilometers), the coating hardness reaches HV1200-HV1800, and the traditional grinding process is difficult to process. When the existing process processes such high-hardness coatings, the wheel flange collapse rate exceeds 20%, the processing efficiency is only 1-2 pieces per hour, and the axial runout generally exceeds ±0.05 mm, which cannot meet the assembly gap requirements (≤±0.03 mm) of the brake disc and the brake pad. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to solve the above problems, and the present application provides a brake disc coating grinding device with a surface ultra-high-speed laser cladding coating.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application specifically adopts the following technical scheme: A brake disc coating grinding device with a surface ultra-high-speed laser cladding coating, comprising a rack, a tensioning type mandrel clamp for clamping a brake disc is installed in the inside of the rack, a bidirectional laser range finder is installed on the outside of the tensioning type mandrel clamp, a tool conversion assembly is installed in the inside of the rack, the tool conversion assembly can rotate with the center line of the tensioning type mandrel clamp as the rotation center, three groups of tool assemblies are installed on the tool conversion assembly, the three groups of tool assemblies are used for rough grinding, fine grinding and super-fine grinding respectively, a tool driving assembly capable of ascending and descending is installed on the inner wall of the rack, the tool driving assembly can be in transmission connection or separation with the tool assembly when ascending or descending, and a cooling system is arranged in the inside of the rack. The rough grinding tool assembly adopts a resin composite CBN grinding wheel with a particle size of 120#-200#, and is matched with the 5-8 MPa high-pressure cooling of the cooling system 6. The fine grinding tool assembly adopts a high-density resin CBN grinding wheel with a particle size of 400#-600#. The ultra-fine grinding tool assembly uses ultra-fine ceramic CBN grinding wheels with a grit size of 1000#-1200#, and is supplemented by ultrasonic vibration.

[0006] Furthermore, the formulation of the resin composite CBN grinding wheel is: 65-75% CBN particles, 20-30% modified phenolic resin, 1-2% epoxy resin particles and 3-4% silicon carbide micro powder. The CBN particles have a particle size of 50-80μm and a purity of ≥99.5%. The epoxy resin has a softening temperature of ≥55℃+5%. The silicon carbide micro powder has a particle size of 5-10μm and an HV2800.

[0007] Furthermore, the formulation of the high-density resin CBN grinding wheel is: 75-85% CBN particles, 13-23% high-strength phenolic resin and 2% titanate coupling agent. The CBN particles have a particle size of 20-30μm and a purity of ≥99.5%. The high-strength phenolic resin has a curing temperature of 180℃ and a flexural strength of ≥80MPa.

[0008] Furthermore, the formulation of the ultrafine ceramic CBN grinding wheel is: 85-95% CBN particles and 5-15% ceramic binder; The CBN particles have a particle size of 5-8μm and a purity of ≥99.8%. The ceramic binder adopts the Al2O3-SiO2 system, sintering temperature is 1200℃, and the temperature resistance is ≥1000℃.

[0009] Furthermore, the cooling system uses high-pressure water-soluble grinding fluid with a pH of 7.5-8.0, rust prevention for ≥96 hours, lubrication coefficient ≥0.15, dilution of 5%-8%, and pressure of 5-8MPa. It also employs dual nozzles with a nozzle diameter of φ2mm, an inclination angle of 30°, a distance of 10-15mm from the contact point, a flow rate of 25-35L / min, magnetic filtration ≤5μm, and an efficiency ≥98%. The cooling system is equipped with an infrared thermometer to measure the temperature of the grinding zone.

[0010] Furthermore, the tensioning mandrel clamp includes a mounting base fixedly installed inside the frame. A rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the top of the mounting base. The rotating shaft is driven by a servo motor. A groove is formed on the top of the rotating shaft. A tensioning inner core is set inside the groove. The tensioning inner core is conical. A pressure rod is inserted into the tensioning inner core. A pressure hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed inside the mounting base. The pressure rod is fixedly connected to the pressure hydraulic cylinder. A pressure plate is rotatably mounted on the top of the pressure rod. A shaft clamp is sleeved on the outside of the tensioning inner core. The shaft clamp consists of several shaft clamping blocks. Adjacent shaft clamping blocks are connected by elastic connectors. The outer diameter of the pressure plate is larger than the inner diameter of the shaft clamp.

[0011] Furthermore, the tool conversion assembly includes a conversion disc rotatably mounted inside the frame, the conversion disc being sleeved on the outside of the mounting base, the conversion disc having three arc-shaped guide grooves inside, a bottom rod slidably connected inside the arc-shaped guide grooves, a top spring being provided between the bottom rod and the arc-shaped guide grooves, the top spring being used to push the bottom rod to slide outwards from the conversion disc, and a lifting hydraulic cylinder being installed inside the bottom rod; A telescopic cylinder is fixedly installed on the outside of the frame, and a guide frame is fixedly installed on the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder. The guide frame is located directly below the tool drive assembly.

[0012] Furthermore, the tool assembly includes a insert rod inserted into the base rod, the insert rod being connected to the telescopic end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder, a protective shell being provided on the top of the insert rod, two sets of symmetrically arranged grinding discs being rotatably installed inside the protective shell, grinding wheels being installed on the grinding discs, a drive shaft being rotatably installed inside the protective shell, two sets of driving bevel gears being fixedly installed on the outside of the drive shaft, driven bevel gears being installed on the outside of the grinding discs, the driven bevel gears meshing with the corresponding driving bevel gears, and a hexagonal insert shaft being provided on the top of the drive shaft; Ultrasonic vibrators are installed at the top and bottom of the protective shell in the ultra-precision grinding tool assembly. The grinding disc is rotatably mounted on the output end of the ultrasonic vibrator via a guide shaft. A drive groove is provided on the outer side of the guide shaft. The driven bevel gear is rotatably mounted in the protective shell and sleeved on the outer side of the guide shaft. A shaft key is provided on the inner side of the driven bevel gear, and the shaft key is slidably connected in the drive groove.

[0013] Furthermore, a quick-connect locking hole is provided on the outer side of the telescopic end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder, an electromagnet is installed inside the quick-connect locking hole, a connecting sleeve is provided at the bottom of the insertion rod, a sliding hole is provided on the inner wall of the connecting sleeve, a locking block is slidably connected inside the sliding hole, and a tension spring is provided between the locking block and the inner wall of the sliding hole. The tension spring is used to drive the locking block away from the quick-connect locking hole.

[0014] Furthermore, the tool drive assembly includes a linear slide rail module vertically mounted on the inner wall of the frame, an mounting plate mounted on the linear slide rail module, four sets of support slide rods provided on the outer side of the mounting plate, and a grinding drive. The output end of the grinding drive is equipped with an output shaft sleeve, which can be sleeved on the insert shaft. A sliding sleeve is provided on the outer side of the grinding drive, and the sliding sleeve is sleeved on the support slide rod.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention solves the industry pain points of difficult processing, low precision, and poor efficiency of high-hardness composite coatings through the innovation of integrated grinding process, and achieves the processing goals of high efficiency, high precision, and low loss, which helps the large-scale application of laser cladding coating brake discs.

[0016] 2. This invention avoids particle peeling or surface scratches during the grinding process by using resin composite CBN grinding wheels for rough grinding, high-density resin CBN grinding wheels for fine grinding, and ultra-fine ceramic CBN grinding wheels for ultra-fine grinding. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the grinding device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the grinding device of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the tensioning mandrel clamp structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the tensioning mandrel clamp of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the tool conversion assembly structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the tool assembly of the present invention.

[0018] Reference numerals: 1. Frame; 2. Tensioning mandrel clamp; 21. Mounting base; 22. Rotary shaft; 23. Tensioning inner core; 24. Pressure rod; 25. Shaft clamping block; 26. Elastic connector; 3. Tool conversion assembly; 31. Conversion disc; 32. Arc-shaped guide groove; 33. Base rod; 34. Top spring; 35. Lifting hydraulic cylinder; 36. Quick-connect clasp; 4. Tool assembly; 41. Insertion rod; 42. Protective shell; 43. Drive shaft; 44. Active bevel gear 45. Wheel; 46. Insert shaft; 47. Grinding disc; 48. Driven bevel gear; 49. Ultrasonic vibrator; 40. Drive slide groove; 410. Connecting sleeve; 411. Locking block; 412. Tension spring; 5. Tool drive assembly; 51. Linear slide rail module; 52. Mounting plate; 53. Support slide rod; 54. Grinding drive; 55. Sliding sleeve; 56. Output shaft sleeve; 6. Cooling system; 7. Telescopic cylinder; 71. Guide frame; 8. Two-way laser rangefinder. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Example 1: Grinding of a φ320mm brake disc for a new energy vehicle; Workpiece parameters: Base material: HT250 gray cast iron, diameter 320mm, inner hole φ50mm, roundness error ≤0.008mm; Coating parameters: 50%WC+30%TiC+20%Al2O3, thickness 250μm (deviation ±12μm), hardness HV1500-HV1800; Initial state: Surface roughness Ra120-150μm, axial runout ±0.12mm.

[0021] like Figures 1-6 As shown, a brake disc coating grinding device with a surface ultra-high speed laser cladding coating includes a frame 1. The frame 1 is equipped with a tensioning mandrel clamp 2 for clamping the brake disc. A bidirectional laser rangefinder 8 is installed on the outside of the tensioning mandrel clamp 2. The frame 1 is equipped with a tool conversion assembly 3, which can rotate around the center line of the tensioning mandrel clamp 2. The tool conversion assembly 3 is equipped with three sets of tool assemblies 4, which are used for rough grinding, fine grinding, and ultra-fine grinding, respectively. The inner wall of the frame 1 is equipped with a lifting tool drive assembly 5, which can be connected or disconnected from the tool assembly 4 when it is raised or lowered. The frame 1 is equipped with a cooling system 6. The rough grinding tool assembly 4 uses a resin composite CBN grinding wheel with a grit size of 120#-200#, and is cooled by a high pressure of 5-8MPa in the cooling system 6. The precision grinding tool assembly 4 uses a high-density resin CBN grinding wheel with a grit size of 400#-600#. The ultra-fine grinding tool assembly 4 uses an ultra-fine ceramic CBN grinding wheel with a grit size of 1000#-1200#, and is supplemented by ultrasonic vibration.

[0022] Preferably, the formulation of the resin composite CBN grinding wheel is: 65-75% CBN particles, 20-30% modified phenolic resin, 1-2% epoxy resin particles and 3-4% silicon carbide micro powder. The CBN particles have a particle size of 50-80μm and a purity of ≥99.5%. The epoxy resin has a softening temperature of ≥55℃+5%. The silicon carbide micro powder has a particle size of 5-10μm and an HV2800.

[0023] Preferably, the formulation of the high-density resin CBN grinding wheel is: 75-85% CBN particles, 13-23% high-strength phenolic resin and 2% titanate coupling agent. The CBN particles have a particle size of 20-30μm and a purity of ≥99.5%. The high-strength phenolic resin has a curing temperature of 180℃ and a flexural strength of ≥80MPa.

[0024] Preferably, the formulation of the ultrafine ceramic CBN grinding wheel is: 85-95% CBN particles and 5-15% ceramic binder; The CBN particles have a particle size of 5-8μm and a purity of ≥99.8%. The ceramic binder adopts the Al2O3-SiO2 system, sintering temperature is 1200℃, and the temperature resistance is ≥1000℃.

[0025] Preferably, the cooling system 6 uses a high-pressure water-soluble grinding fluid with a pH of 7.5-8.0, rust prevention time of ≥96 hours, lubrication coefficient of ≥0.15, dilution of 5%-8%, and pressure of 5-8MPa. It also uses dual nozzles with a nozzle diameter of φ2mm, an inclination angle of 30°, a distance of 10-15mm from the contact point, a flow rate of 25-35L / min, magnetic filtration of ≤5μm, and an efficiency of ≥98%. The cooling system 6 is equipped with an infrared thermometer to measure the temperature of the grinding zone.

[0026] Grinding process: (1) Pretreatment: Ultrasonic cleaning with 95% ethanol for 5 minutes, then deburring with pneumatic speed of 8000r / min, then clamping the workpiece with tension mandrel 2, measuring the positioning accuracy with coordinate instrument, and measuring the clamping stress with strain gauge.

[0027] (2) Rough grinding: By controlling the rotation of the tool conversion component 3, the rough grinding tool component 4 first passes through the bidirectional laser rangefinder 8 to detect the two sets of grinding wheels for positioning. At the same time, the wear of the grinding wheels is detected by the grinding wheel thickness. When the rough grinding tool component 4 rotates to below the tool drive component 5, the tool drive component 5 descends and is connected to the rough grinding tool component 4 for transmission. The grit size of the resin composite CBN (cubic boron nitride) grinding wheel is 150#, the rotation speed is 1800r / min, the feed is 0.1mm / r, and the grinding depth is 0.045mm. The cooling system 6 has a pressure of 6MPa, a flow rate of 30L / min, and a magnetic filter ≤5μm. During the grinding process, the temperature of the grinding zone is measured by an infrared thermometer. The brake disc is ground on both sides.

[0028] (3) Fine grinding: Using the same steps as above, switch to fine grinding tool assembly 4. The grit size of the high-density resin CBN grinding wheel is 500#, the rotation speed is 2400r / min, the feed is 0.04mm / r, and the grinding depth is 0.018mm. The cooling system pressure is 4MPa and the flow rate is 22L / min. After double-sided grinding, use a dial indicator to pre-detect the axial runout and use a roughness meter to measure the Ra value.

[0029] (4) Ultrafine grinding: The same steps as above are used to switch the ultrafine grinding tool assembly 4. The grit size of the ultrafine ceramic CBN grinding wheel is 1200#, the rotation speed is 3100r / min, the feed is 0.015mm / r, and the grinding depth is 0.006mm. The ultrasonic assistance is 25kHz, the cooling system pressure is 1.5MPa and the flow rate is 15L / min. After double-sided grinding, the surface roughness is measured to be Ra0.4μm and the axial runout is measured with a dial indicator.

[0030] (5) Post-treatment: Rinse with deionized water, then dry with hot air at 60°C, then apply rust inhibitor to the non-friction surface, and finally observe the integrity of the coating by laser engraving SEM and verify the rust prevention performance by salt spray test.

[0031] Implementation Results and Comparison Example 2: Grinding of a φ280mm high-end fuel vehicle brake disc (brief verification); Workpiece parameters: Coating thickness 200μm (±10μm), hardness HV1200-HV1500; The same steps and data as in Example 1 were used.

[0032] Key results: Processing efficiency of 8 pieces / hour, surface roughness Ra0.4μm, axial runout ±0.019mm, meeting design requirements, verifying the universality of the process for adapting to different specifications of brake discs.

[0033] Example 3, as Figures 1-6 As shown, the specific structure of the dedicated grinding equipment is provided; The tensioning mandrel clamp 2 includes a mounting base 21 fixedly installed inside the frame 1. A rotating shaft 22 is rotatably mounted on the top of the mounting base 21. The rotating shaft 22 is driven by a servo motor. A groove is opened on the top of the rotating shaft 22. A tensioning inner core 23 is set inside the groove. The tensioning inner core 23 is conical. A pressure rod 24 is inserted into the tensioning inner core 23. A pressure hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed inside the mounting base 21. The pressure rod 24 is fixedly connected to the pressure hydraulic cylinder. A pressure plate is rotatably mounted on the top of the pressure rod 24. A shaft clamp is sleeved on the outside of the tensioning inner core 23. The shaft clamp consists of several shaft clamping blocks 25. Adjacent shaft clamping blocks 25 are connected by elastic connectors 26. The outer diameter of the pressure plate is larger than the inner diameter of the shaft clamp.

[0034] Preferably, the tool conversion assembly 3 includes a conversion disk 31 rotatably installed inside the frame 1. The conversion disk 31 is sleeved on the outside of the mounting base 21. The inside of the conversion disk 31 is provided with three arc-shaped guide grooves 32. A bottom rod 33 is slidably connected inside the arc-shaped guide grooves 32. A top spring 34 is provided between the bottom rod 33 and the arc-shaped guide grooves 32. The top spring 34 is used to push the bottom rod 33 to slide outward of the conversion disk 31. A lifting hydraulic cylinder 35 is installed inside the bottom rod 33. A telescopic cylinder 7 is fixedly installed on the outside of the frame 1. A guide frame 71 is fixedly installed on the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder 7. The guide frame 71 is located directly below the tool drive assembly 5.

[0035] Preferably, the tool assembly 4 includes an insert rod 41 inserted into the bottom rod 33. The insert rod 41 is connected to the telescopic end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 35. A protective shell 42 is provided on the top of the insert rod 41. Two sets of symmetrically arranged grinding discs 46 are rotatably installed inside the protective shell 42. Grinding wheels are installed on the grinding discs 46. A drive shaft 43 is rotatably installed inside the protective shell 42. Two sets of driving bevel gears 44 are fixedly installed on the outside of the drive shaft 43. A driven bevel gear 47 is installed on the outside of the grinding discs 46. The driven bevel gear 47 meshes with the corresponding driving bevel gear 44. A hexagonal insert shaft 45 is provided on the top of the drive shaft 43. In the ultra-precision grinding tool assembly 4, ultrasonic vibrators 48 are installed at the top and bottom of the protective shell 42. The grinding disc 46 is rotatably mounted on the output end of the ultrasonic vibrator 48 via a guide shaft. A drive groove 49 is provided on the outer side of the guide shaft. The driven bevel gear 47 is rotatably mounted in the protective shell 42 and sleeved on the outer side of the guide shaft. A shaft key is provided on the inner side of the driven bevel gear 47, and the shaft key is slidably connected in the drive groove 49.

[0036] Preferably, a quick-connect locking hole 36 is provided on the outer side of the telescopic end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 35. An electromagnet is installed inside the quick-connect locking hole 36. A connecting sleeve 410 is provided at the bottom of the insertion rod 41. A sliding hole is provided on the inner wall of the connecting sleeve 410. A locking block 411 is slidably connected inside the sliding hole. A tension spring 412 is provided between the locking block 411 and the inner wall of the sliding hole. The tension spring 412 is used to drive the locking block 411 away from the quick-connect locking hole 36.

[0037] Preferably, the tool drive assembly 5 includes a linear slide rail module 51 vertically mounted on the inner wall of the frame 1, a mounting plate 52 mounted on the linear slide rail module 51, four sets of support slide rods 53 provided on the outer side of the mounting plate 52, and a grinding drive 54. The output end of the grinding drive 54 is equipped with an output shaft sleeve 56, which can be sleeved on the insert shaft 45. A sliding sleeve 55 is provided on the outer side of the grinding drive 54, and the sliding sleeve 55 is sleeved on the support slide rods 53.

[0038] Currently available double-sided grinding tools are relatively large in size in order to improve grinding efficiency, and there are two double-sided grinding tools. Therefore, setting up an automatic tool changing system is too costly and will lead to excessively bloated equipment. If three sets of tools are set up separately in a conventional manner, three sets of dedicated feed components and drive components are required, which is difficult to control and costly. Therefore, the design of this embodiment has emerged.

[0039] Clamping: Place the brake disc on the rotating shaft 22, and the shaft clamp passes through the center of the brake disc. The pressurized hydraulic cylinder drives the pressure rod 24 to descend. The pressure rod 24 drives the shaft clamp to descend through the pressure plate. The shaft clamp descends relative to the tensioning inner core 23. Under the conical guidance of the tensioning inner core 23, the shaft clamp unfolds outward and clamps the brake disc from the center of the brake disc to meet the clamping requirements.

[0040] Grinding and tool changing: The servo motor drives the conversion disk 31 to rotate counterclockwise. The conversion disk 31 drives the tool assembly 4 to rotate via the base rod 33. When the tool assembly 4 is unrestricted, the base rod 33 remains in position due to the thrust of the top spring 34. The two grinding disks 46 in the tool assembly 4 first use the bidirectional laser rangefinder 8 to perform preliminary positioning and wear detection on the grinding wheels on the grinding disks 46. Then, they rotate to below the tool drive assembly 5. The linear slide rail module 51 drives the mounting plate 52 to descend. The grinding drive 54 is driven to descend, which in turn drives the output shaft sleeve 56 to descend. The output shaft sleeve 56 is fitted onto the insert shaft 45, and both the insert shaft 45 and the output shaft sleeve 56 have sufficient length to not affect the lifting and lowering of the grinding disc 46. The grinding surface is switched, and then the telescopic cylinder 7 is controlled to operate. The telescopic cylinder 7 drives the guide frame 71 to fit onto the insert rod 41, restricting the rotation of the insert rod 41. Since the fixed position of the brake disc is determined, the distance between the grinding surface of the grinding wheel and the bidirectional laser rangefinder 8 is determined, so the grinding origin can be determined. The grinding drive 54 is activated, which drives the transmission shaft 43 to rotate via the output shaft sleeve 56. The transmission shaft 43 drives the grinding disc 46 to rotate via the active bevel gear 44 and the driven bevel gear 47. Subsequently, the lifting hydraulic cylinder 35 drives the insertion rod 41 to descend, which in turn drives the grinding disc 46 to descend. The upper grinding disc 46 drives the grinding wheel to descend onto the grinding surface of the brake disc. At the same time, the servo motor drives the conversion disk 31 to rotate clockwise. The conversion disk 31 drives the bottom rod 33 in other positions to rotate via the arc-shaped guide groove 32. The bottom rod 33 in the grinding position slides along the arc-shaped guide groove 32 under the constraint of the insertion rod 41 and the guide frame 71. At the same time, the insertion rod 41 slides horizontally along the guide frame 71, and the insertion rod 41 drives the grinding disc 46 to feed. During the feeding process, the grinding drive 54 moves horizontally together with the tool assembly 4 and slides horizontally along the support slide rod 53 to ensure stable rotation. After the upper surface is polished, the lifting hydraulic cylinder 35 drives the insertion rod 41 to rise, and then the polishing disc 46 below is used for polishing.

[0041] This embodiment combines the tool changing system with the feed system, resulting in simple system control, compact equipment structure, and the ability to perform grinding wheel positioning and detection during tool changing.

[0042] Furthermore, the tool assembly 4 of this invention adopts a modular design. When the equipment is powered off, the tension spring 412 drives the locking block 411 away from the quick-connect locking hole 36, which can realize the quick separation of the tool assembly 4 from the base rod 33. Moreover, the overall structure of the tool assembly 4 is simple and modular, enabling quick tool replacement and further improving processing efficiency.

[0043] Meanwhile, the driven bevel gear 47 in the ultra-precision grinding tool assembly 4 can slide along the guide shaft and drive the grinding disc 46 to rotate through the guide shaft, so that the rotation of the grinding disc 46 and the ultrasonic vibration will not interfere with each other. The ultrasonic-assisted grinding frequency is 20-30kHz, the amplitude is 5-10μm, the vibration direction is perpendicular to the grinding direction, and the ultrasonic-assisted effect is good.

[0044] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A brake disc coating grinding device with a surface ultra-high speed laser cladding coating, comprising a frame (1), characterized in that, The frame (1) is equipped with a tensioning mandrel clamp (2) for clamping brake discs. A two-way laser rangefinder (8) is installed on the outside of the tensioning mandrel clamp (2). The frame (1) is equipped with a tool conversion assembly (3). The tool conversion assembly (3) can rotate around the center of rotation of the tensioning mandrel clamp (2). Three sets of tool assemblies (4) are installed on the tool conversion assembly (3). The three sets of tool assemblies (4) are respectively used for rough grinding, fine grinding and ultra-fine grinding. The inner wall of the frame (1) is equipped with a tool drive assembly (5) that can be raised and lowered. When the tool drive assembly (5) is raised or lowered, it can be connected or separated from the tool assembly (4) in a transmission. The frame (1) is equipped with a cooling system (6). The rough grinding tool assembly (4) uses a resin composite CBN grinding wheel with a grit size of 120#-200#, and is cooled by a 5-8MPa high pressure cooling system (6). The precision grinding tool assembly (4) uses a high-density resin CBN grinding wheel with a grit size of 400#-600#; The ultra-fine grinding tool assembly (4) uses an ultra-fine ceramic CBN grinding wheel with a particle size of 1000#-1200#, and is supplemented with ultrasonic vibration.

2. The brake disc coating grinding device with a surface ultra-high-speed laser cladding coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The formulation of the resin composite CBN grinding wheel is: 65-75% CBN particles, 20-30% modified phenolic resin, 1-2% epoxy resin particles and 3-4% silicon carbide micro powder. The CBN particles have a particle size of 50-80μm and a purity of ≥99.5%. The epoxy resin has a softening temperature of ≥55℃+5%. The silicon carbide micro powder has a particle size of 5-10μm and an HV2800.

3. The brake disc coating grinding device with a surface ultra-high-speed laser cladding coating according to claim 2, characterized in that, The formulation of the high-density resin CBN grinding wheel is: 75-85% CBN particles, 13-23% high-strength phenolic resin and 2% titanate coupling agent. The CBN particles have a particle size of 20-30μm and a purity of ≥99.5%. The high-strength phenolic resin has a curing temperature of 180℃ and a flexural strength of ≥80MPa.

4. The brake disc coating grinding device with a surface ultra-high-speed laser cladding coating according to claim 3, characterized in that, The formulation of the ultrafine ceramic CBN grinding wheel is: 85-95% CBN particles and 5-15% ceramic binder; The CBN particles have a particle size of 5-8μm and a purity of ≥99.8%. The ceramic binder adopts the Al2O3-SiO2 system, sintering temperature is 1200℃, and the temperature resistance is ≥1000℃.

5. A brake disc coating grinding device with a surface ultra-high-speed laser cladding coating according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cooling system (6) uses high-pressure water-soluble grinding fluid with pH 7.5-8.0, rust prevention ≥ 96 hours, lubrication coefficient ≥ 0.15, dilution 5%-8%, pressure 5-8 MPa, and dual nozzles with nozzle diameter φ2mm, tilt angle 30°, distance from contact point 10-15mm, flow rate 25-35L / min, magnetic filtration ≤ 5μm, efficiency ≥ 98%. The cooling system (6) is equipped with an infrared thermometer to measure the temperature of the grinding zone.

6. The brake disc coating grinding device with a surface ultra-high-speed laser cladding coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tensioning mandrel clamp (2) includes a mounting base (21) fixedly installed inside the frame (1). A rotating shaft (22) is rotatably installed on the top of the mounting base (21). The rotating shaft (22) is driven by a servo motor. A groove is opened on the top of the rotating shaft (22). A tensioning inner core (23) is set inside the groove. The tensioning inner core (23) is conical. A pressure rod (24) is inserted into the inside of the tensioning inner core (23). A pressure hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed inside the mounting base (21). The pressure rod (24) is fixedly connected to the pressure hydraulic cylinder. A pressure plate is rotatably installed on the top of the pressure rod (24). A shaft clamp is sleeved on the outside of the tensioning inner core (23). The shaft clamp consists of several shaft clamp blocks (25). Adjacent shaft clamp blocks (25) are connected by an elastic connector (26). The outer diameter of the pressure plate is larger than the inner diameter of the shaft clamp.

7. A brake disc coating grinding device with a surface ultra-high-speed laser cladding coating according to claim 6, characterized in that, The tool conversion assembly (3) includes a conversion disk (31) rotatably mounted inside the frame (1). The conversion disk (31) is sleeved on the outside of the mounting base (21). The conversion disk (31) has three arc-shaped guide grooves (32) inside. A bottom rod (33) is slidably connected inside the arc-shaped guide grooves (32). A top spring (34) is provided between the bottom rod (33) and the arc-shaped guide grooves (32). The top spring (34) is used to push the bottom rod (33) to slide outward of the conversion disk (31). A lifting hydraulic cylinder (35) is installed inside the bottom rod (33). A telescopic cylinder (7) is fixedly installed on the outside of the frame (1), and a guide frame (71) is fixedly installed on the telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder (7). The guide frame (71) is located directly below the tool drive assembly (5).

8. The brake disc coating grinding device with a surface ultra-high-speed laser cladding coating according to claim 7, characterized in that, The tool assembly (4) includes a rod (41) inserted into the bottom rod (33). The rod (41) is connected to the telescopic end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder (35). A protective shell (42) is provided on the top of the rod (41). Two sets of symmetrically arranged grinding discs (46) are rotatably installed inside the protective shell (42). The grinding wheel is installed on the grinding disc (46). A drive shaft (43) is rotatably installed inside the protective shell (42). Two sets of active bevel gears (44) are fixedly installed on the outside of the drive shaft (43). A driven bevel gear (47) is installed on the outside of the grinding disc (46). The driven bevel gear (47) meshes with the corresponding active bevel gear (44). A plug shaft (45) is provided on the top of the drive shaft (43). The plug shaft (45) is hexagonal. Ultrasonic vibrators (48) are installed at the top and bottom of the protective shell (42) in the ultra-fine grinding tool assembly (4). The grinding disc (46) is rotatably mounted on the output end of the ultrasonic vibrator (48) via a guide shaft. A drive groove (49) is provided on the outer side of the guide shaft. The driven bevel gear (47) is rotatably mounted in the protective shell (42) and sleeved on the outer side of the guide shaft. A shaft key is provided on the inner side of the driven bevel gear (47), and the shaft key is slidably connected in the drive groove (49).

9. A brake disc coating grinding device with a surface ultra-high-speed laser cladding coating according to claim 8, characterized in that, The outer side of the telescopic end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder (35) is provided with a quick-connect locking hole (36), and an electromagnet is installed inside the quick-connect locking hole (36). The bottom of the insertion rod (41) is provided with a connecting sleeve (410), and a sliding hole is provided on the inner wall of the connecting sleeve (410). A locking block (411) is slidably connected inside the sliding hole. A tension spring (412) is provided between the locking block (411) and the inner wall of the sliding hole. The tension spring (412) is used to drive the locking block (411) away from the quick-connect locking hole (36).

10. A brake disc coating grinding device with a surface ultra-high-speed laser cladding coating according to claim 9, characterized in that, The tool drive assembly (5) includes a linear slide rail module (51) vertically mounted on the inner wall of the frame (1), a mounting plate (52) mounted on the linear slide rail module (51), four sets of support slide rods (53) provided on the outer side of the mounting plate (52), and a grinding drive (54). The output end of the grinding drive (54) is equipped with an output shaft sleeve (56), which can be sleeved on the insert shaft (45). A sliding sleeve (55) is provided on the outer side of the grinding drive (54), and the sliding sleeve (55) is sleeved on the support slide rod (53).

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