Charging method, device, battery management system and vehicle

Abstract

The application relates to a charging method and device, a battery management system and a vehicle. By determining a current adjustment value of a charging current of a battery, a charging request current of the battery is determined according to a system charging current upper limit, a reference current of the battery and the current adjustment value; the reference current is a maximum allowed charging current matched with a current state of the battery, and the charging request current is sent to a charging pile so that the charging pile charges the battery according to the charging request current. The charging efficiency can be improved, and the problem of interruption in the charging process can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, specifically to a charging method, apparatus, battery management system, and vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy vehicle industry, the optimization of its charging technology has become key to improving product quality and enhancing user experience.

[0003] In related technologies, the charging schemes used when charging new energy vehicles are typically based on fixed parameter settings or simple feedback mechanisms to control the charging current. However, these charging schemes are difficult to adapt to complex operating conditions, especially under conditions of thermal management, vehicle load fluctuations, and system dynamic changes, which can easily lead to problems such as low charging efficiency or charging interruptions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, this application provides a charging method, device, battery management system and vehicle, which can improve charging efficiency and reduce the problem of charging interruption.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a charging method, the method comprising:

[0006] Determine the current adjustment value of the battery's charging current; the current adjustment value represents the current value used to adjust the battery's charging current.

[0007] The battery's charging request current is determined based on the system's upper limit for charging current, the battery's reference current, and the current adjustment value; the reference current is the maximum allowable charging current that matches the battery's current state.

[0008] Send a charging request current to the charging station so that the charging station charges the battery according to the charging request current.

[0009] In this embodiment, the current adjustment value of the battery's charging current is determined. Based on the system charging current upper limit, the battery's reference current, and the current adjustment value, the battery's charging request current is determined. The reference current is the maximum allowable charging current that matches the battery's current state. The charging request current is sent to the charging pile so that the charging pile charges the battery according to the charging request current. The reference current is the maximum allowable charging current that matches the battery's current state, and the current adjustment value and the system charging current upper limit are dynamically correlated with the battery's state. This ensures that when determining the charging current, both the battery's own tolerance limit and its charging capacity are considered, reducing the contradiction between idle battery charging capacity and overload risk, making the charging process both efficient and safe. Moreover, the charging request current is jointly determined by the system charging current upper limit, the reference current, and the current adjustment value, rather than by a single parameter, reducing charging interruptions caused by current fluctuations, overcapacity, or demand mismatch. Throughout the process, the BMS actively calculates and sends a charging request current to the charging pile. The charging pile then performs charging according to the requested current, rather than relying on passive adjustments or simple feedback from the charging pile. This eliminates the need for the charging pile to frequently adjust its output, reduces the interaction loss between the vehicle and the charging pile, and speeds up the response speed of charging initiation and dynamic adjustment. Especially in DC charging scenarios, this can further shorten the overall charging time and improve charging efficiency.

[0010] In one embodiment, determining the current adjustment value of the battery charging current includes:

[0011] The current adjustment value is determined based on the previous adjustment value and step size.

[0012] In this embodiment, the previous adjustment value is adjusted in fixed steps, and the adjustment value changes gradually, so that the adjustment process of the charging request current changes smoothly, reducing the charging interruption problem caused by the current sudden change during the dynamic adjustment of the charging current. Moreover, the current adjustment value is determined to adjust the charging current of the battery to ensure the current requirements of thermal management and vehicle load, thereby improving charging efficiency.

[0013] In one embodiment, the method further includes:

[0014] Determine the current difference between the actual charging current of the battery and the reference current;

[0015] Accordingly, determining the current adjustment value based on the previous adjustment value and step size includes:

[0016] If the current difference is greater than or equal to the current threshold and the duration reaches the first duration, the previous adjustment value is increased by a step size to obtain the current adjustment value;

[0017] If the current difference is less than or equal to 0 and the duration reaches the second duration, the previous adjustment value is reduced by a step size to obtain the current adjustment value.

[0018] In this embodiment, the BMS determines the current difference between the actual charging current and the reference current. If the current difference is greater than or equal to a current threshold and the duration reaches a first duration, the previous adjustment value is increased by a step size to obtain the current adjustment value. If the current difference is less than or equal to 0 and the duration reaches a second duration, the previous adjustment value is decreased by a step size to obtain the current adjustment value. This method uses the current difference between the actual charging current and the reference current as the core judgment criterion, combined with the current threshold and the set duration to trigger adjustment. This reduces ineffective adjustments caused by instantaneous fluctuations, ensuring that the determined current adjustment value can accurately compensate for stability deviations, making the actual charging current closer to the maximum allowable charging current, avoiding idle charging capacity, and reducing unnecessary computational load on the BMS. Furthermore, when adjusting downwards, the adjustment can be initiated within a certain duration after an overcurrent risk is triggered, preventing the risk from escalating and ensuring a safe and efficient charging process. The current adjustment value is calculated based on the step size increase or decrease of the previous adjustment value, resulting in a smooth adjustment value that does not exceed the set upper and lower limits, greatly reducing the problem of charging interruptions.

[0019] In one embodiment, determining the battery's charging request current based on the system charging current limit, the battery's reference current, and the current adjustment value includes:

[0020] The reference current is adjusted based on the current adjustment value to obtain the candidate charging current;

[0021] Determine the minimum output current of the charging station;

[0022] The charging request current is determined based on the system's upper limit for charging current, minimum output current, and candidate charging current.

[0023] In this embodiment, the candidate charging current is determined by the reference current and the current adjustment value, which can match the battery status and operating conditions in real time, reducing charging efficiency waste caused by insufficient compensation and allowing the electrical energy output by the charging pile to be more accurately distributed to the battery for charging. Furthermore, the minimum output current of the charging pile is included in the determination of the charging request current. This minimum output current is a key threshold for ensuring stable output of the charging pile and avoiding triggering protection interruptions, thus avoiding interruptions caused by the requested current being lower than the minimum output capacity of the charging pile. Finally, the charging request current is jointly determined by the system's upper limit of charging current, minimum output current, and candidate charging current, ensuring that the charging request current is always within a reasonable range, avoiding both overcurrent risks and interruption problems. This ensures that the charging request current can respond to changes in operating conditions while always meeting charging requirements, adapting to various charging scenarios.

[0024] In one embodiment, determining the charging request current based on the system charging current upper limit, the minimum output current, and the candidate charging current includes:

[0025] The smaller value between the upper limit of the system charging current and the candidate charging current is used as the upper limit current.

[0026] The upper limit current is compared with the minimum output current, and the larger of the upper limit current and the minimum output current is determined to be the charging request current.

[0027] In this embodiment, the BMS uses two boundary values—the upper limit of the system charging current and the minimum output current of the charging pile—to dynamically respond to real-time updates of battery status and charging pile characteristics. This ensures that whether the upper limit of the system charging current or the minimum output current of the charging pile is adjusted upwards or downwards, the current is precisely limited, keeping the charging request current within a reasonable range between the system's safe upper limit and the charging pile's minimum output lower limit. Furthermore, the candidate charging current is maintained at a reasonable level through compensation based on the current adjustment value, preventing excessive use of the battery's charging current by thermal management. This significantly reduces overcurrent risk, minimizes charging interruptions, and avoids current overflow caused by adjustment actions. Additionally, the BMS can determine the charging request current through basic calculations, eliminating the need for complex model iterations or multi-dimensional parameter coupling. Core parameters are collected or pre-stored by the BMS in real time, resulting in a short computational link and minimal time consumption, greatly reducing the time required for the BMS to calculate the charging request current and improving charging efficiency.

[0028] In one embodiment, before determining the battery's charging request current based on the system charging current limit, the battery's reference current, and the current adjustment value, the method further includes:

[0029] Set the current adjustment value to zero if the battery meets any of the following conditions:

[0030] The battery's thermal management device switches its operating status from non-power-off mode to power-off mode;

[0031] The fault level of the battery's thermal management equipment is switched to fault level;

[0032] The system has a pre-charge failure.

[0033] The actual charging current of the battery is invalid.

[0034] In this embodiment, the BMS sets the current adjustment value to zero when the battery meets certain conditions. This allows for the safe output of a charging request current by clearing the current adjustment value to zero in fault or abnormal scenarios. The designed zeroing conditions are seamlessly integrated with existing logic, requiring no additional hardware or complex algorithms to cover multiple risk scenarios. This ensures adjustment accuracy while reducing subsequent debugging and maintenance costs, adapting to the complex charging conditions required for various vehicles, especially commercial vehicles.

[0035] In one embodiment, before determining the battery's charging request current based on the system charging current limit, the battery's reference current, and the current adjustment value, the method further includes:

[0036] Obtain the current state information of the battery; the current state information includes at least the current state of charge and the current temperature;

[0037] Based on the current state information of the battery, find the current value that matches the current state information from the current state table as the reference current;

[0038] The current status table includes reference charging currents for various batteries under different state information.

[0039] In this embodiment, the reference current is obtained based on the current battery state information. The current state table is calibrated based on multiple battery state scenarios to ensure a high degree of matching between the reference current and the real-time battery state, thereby improving the accuracy of reference current adaptation. Furthermore, the current state table can be calibrated across multiple battery types for various scenarios, allowing for batch replication and adaptation to different vehicle models. Since the current state table is pre-established, the BMS can directly look up the table to determine the reference current, eliminating the need for complex real-time calculations and saving computational power.

[0040] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a charging device, which includes:

[0041] The adjustment value determination module is used to determine the current adjustment value of the battery charging current; the current adjustment value represents the current value used to adjust the battery charging current.

[0042] The charging current determination module is used to determine the battery's charging request current based on the system's charging current upper limit, the battery's reference current, and the current adjustment value; the reference current is the maximum allowable charging current that matches the battery's current state.

[0043] The charging request module is used to send a charging request current to the charging pile so that the charging pile charges the battery according to the charging request current.

[0044] Thirdly, this application also provides a battery management system, which includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps in the method provided in any of the embodiments of the first aspect above.

[0045] Fourthly, this application also provides a vehicle that includes the battery management system provided in the embodiments of the third aspect above.

[0046] Fifthly, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method provided in any of the embodiments of the first aspect described above.

[0047] In a sixth aspect, this application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method provided in any of the embodiments of the first aspect described above. Attached Figure Description

[0048] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the alternative embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0049] Figure 1 This is an application environment diagram of a charging method according to an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart of a charging method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 3 This is a schematic flowchart of a charging method provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 4 This is a schematic flowchart of a charging method provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of a charging method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a charging device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0055] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0056] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. In the description of embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary or secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of embodiments of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0057] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0058] In related technologies, battery charging solutions for new energy vehicles are typically based on fixed parameters or simple feedback mechanisms, making it difficult to adapt to complex operating conditions. This is especially true under conditions of thermal management, vehicle load fluctuations, and system dynamic changes, which can easily lead to problems such as low charging efficiency or charging interruptions. For example, when a charging station is charging a vehicle, some electrical energy is consumed by the thermal management system and vehicle accessories. This results in the actual charging current of the battery being less than the charging current output by the charging station, leading to low charging efficiency. Alternatively, if the vehicle uses a Positive Temperature Coefficient (PTC) system for thermal management, and the vehicle sends a charging request to the charging station as if charging the battery and activating the PTC system, the charging station may supply excessive current to the vehicle, triggering overcurrent protection or output mismatch protection, directly interrupting the charging process.

[0059] Based on the research on the above-mentioned problems, embodiments of this application provide a charging method, apparatus, battery management system, and vehicle, enabling the determination of the battery's charging request current during the charging process based on the system's upper limit for charging current, the battery's reference current, and the battery's current adjustment value, thereby improving charging efficiency and reducing charging interruptions. Of course, the technical effects achievable by embodiments of this application are not limited to this; please refer to the following description of the embodiments for details.

[0060] The charging method provided in this application embodiment can be applied to, for example... Figure 1 The application environment shown includes a vehicle 101 and a charging pile 102. The vehicle includes a battery, a Battery Management System (BMS), and various sensors. After the charging pile 102 is connected to the vehicle 101, it can interact with the BMS to charge the battery in the vehicle. Sensors may include, but are not limited to, current sensors and temperature sensors. The charging pile 102 may be, but is not limited to, various forms of DC charging piles, such as integrated, multi-unit, and multi-charger types. In some cases, the charging pile in this embodiment may also be an AC charging pile. For example, if the vehicle has a built-in charger for converting AC to DC, the charger can work in conjunction with the BMS to convert the AC charging current to DC. This embodiment does not limit the equipment in actual scenarios and can be adapted and adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0061] The charging method provided in this application will be described below through specific embodiments. It should be noted that the actual execution of the charging method provided in the embodiments of this application is carried out by the Main Battery Management Unit (MBMU) in the BMS. However, for the sake of brevity, the BMS is used as the execution subject in the description of the embodiments of this application.

[0062] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, this application provides a charging method, which includes the following steps:

[0063] S201, determine the current adjustment value of the battery charging current; the current adjustment value represents the current value used to adjust the charging current of the battery.

[0064] In this embodiment of the application, the BMS determines the current adjustment value of the battery charging current, indicating that the BMS has determined that the vehicle battery is currently in a charging state and that the battery meets the adjustment conditions for the charging current. In other words, the current adjustment value determined by the BMS refers to the current value that needs to be used to adjust the charging current of the battery.

[0065] The BMS (Battery Management System) uses a pre-configured dynamic current adjustment strategy to determine whether the battery meets the charging current adjustment conditions when it enters the charging state. This dynamic current adjustment strategy is configured for DC charging scenarios to dynamically adjust the charging current during the battery charging process to adapt to the current stability requirements of DC charging. This is because, compared to DC charging, if the current for AC charging is smaller, the impact of vehicle thermal management and vehicle load fluctuations on its charging efficiency or stability is less significant, so there is no need to activate this dynamic current adjustment strategy in AC charging scenarios.

[0066] In this embodiment, the charging current is dynamically adjusted, which can be understood as continuously and dynamically adjusting it during the battery charging process. Accordingly, the BMS needs to continuously and dynamically calculate the current adjustment value of the battery. For example, the BMS can dynamically calculate whether the battery meets the adjustment conditions for the charging current at each moment, and calculate the current adjustment value at the current moment if the battery meets the adjustment conditions.

[0067] In one embodiment, the BMS determines the current adjustment value of the battery charging current by assessing the battery's state of charge (SOC) based on factors such as battery temperature and SOC. Then, according to the different assessment levels, it searches for a matching current adjustment value in the mapping relationship between state level and current adjustment value, and uses this as the current adjustment value. In this embodiment, the mapping relationship between state level and current adjustment value can be set based on historical experience data and is periodically updated and maintained as historical battery data accumulates, so that the mapping relationship better matches the actual condition of the battery. For example, this mapping relationship could be as follows: When the battery temperature is in a suitable range (e.g., 15℃-35℃) and the SOC is 20%-80%, the battery has strong current tolerance and stable thermal management consumption. In this case, a base adjustment value of A1 can be set to balance efficiency and safety. When the battery temperature is in a low-temperature range (e.g., <15℃) and the SOC is <50%, the PTC heating demand is high, and the thermal management current consumption is large. Therefore, the adjustment value needs to be increased to quickly compensate for heating consumption and prevent the actual charging current from being too low. A corresponding adjustment value of A2 can be set, where A2 is greater than A1. When the battery temperature is in a high-temperature range (e.g., >35℃) or the SOC is >80%, the charging current needs to be limited to avoid overcharging / overheating. A corresponding adjustment value of A3 can be set, where A3 is less than A1. This example mapping relationship is only illustrative. In practical applications, more granular mapping relationships can be set to make the final determined current adjustment value more accurate.

[0068] In another embodiment, the BMS can determine the current adjustment value of the battery charging current by combining a preset step size. For example, the current adjustment value can be determined by accumulating the step size, or by analyzing the actual current, actual temperature and actual SOC of the battery according to a preset algorithm to determine a conversion factor, and then determining the current adjustment value based on the conversion factor and the preset step size. This application embodiment does not limit the specific method of using the step size to calculate the current adjustment value.

[0069] S202. Determine the battery's charging request current based on the system's charging current limit, the battery's reference current, and the current adjustment value; the reference current is the maximum allowable charging current that matches the battery's current state.

[0070] In this embodiment, the current adjustment value is the amplitude at which the charging current of the battery needs to be adjusted. Therefore, based on this current adjustment value, combined with the system charging current upper limit and the battery reference current, the current charging request current required by the battery can be determined. The system charging current upper limit refers to the safe upper limit current considering the battery's tolerance, the vehicle's circuit load, and the charging pile's output capacity. This system charging current upper limit is pre-stored and can be directly read. The battery reference current is the maximum allowable charging current that matches the battery's current state; it is a current determined by the battery's state.

[0071] In one embodiment, the reference current of the battery can be obtained by analyzing the current state information of the battery as input through a pre-built algorithm model to derive a current that matches the current state information of the battery as the reference current of the battery.

[0072] In another embodiment, the reference current of the battery can be obtained by first acquiring the current state information of the battery, and then looking up the current value matching the current state information from the current state table as the reference current. The current state information of the battery includes at least the current state of charge (SOC) and the current temperature, and the current state table includes reference charging currents corresponding to various batteries under different state information. That is, based on information such as different SOCs and temperatures of multiple batteries of various types, the charging current (the aforementioned reference current) for each battery is pre-calibrated, and then the different SOCs and temperatures of each battery are associated with the corresponding charging currents to obtain the current state table. In this way, the BMS can directly look up the reference current corresponding to the current state of the battery from this current state table, and this reference current represents the basic charging current of the battery in a certain state.

[0073] In this embodiment, both reference current acquisition methods are based on the current battery state information. The algorithm model analysis can dynamically adapt to state fluctuations, while the current state table is calibrated based on multiple batteries, multiple SOCs, or temperature scenarios to ensure a high degree of matching between the reference current and the real-time battery state, thereby improving the accuracy of reference current adaptation. Furthermore, two flexible solutions are provided: algorithm model and current state table lookup, covering different application scenarios. The current state table can be calibrated across multiple battery types for all scenarios and can be batch-copied to adapt to different vehicle models. The algorithm model can respond to real-time state changes and can be iteratively optimized to adapt to new battery types. Moreover, the current state table is pre-calibrated and can be directly determined by table lookup, eliminating the need for complex real-time calculations by the BMS. The algorithm model obtains the output reference current simply by inputting state information, resulting in a concise computational logic.

[0074] The BMS determines the battery's charging request current based on the system's charging current limit, the battery's reference current, and the current adjustment value. This can be achieved by first assigning differentiated weights to the battery's reference current, current adjustment value, and system charging current limit based on the battery's current SOC and temperature. For example, the weighting could prioritize charging efficiency at low SOC and suitable temperatures, and prioritize safety at high SOC or extreme temperatures. The final charging request current is then calculated through a weighted summation. Furthermore, when calculating the battery's final charging request current, the BMS can monitor the vehicle's load activation trends in real time. For instance, load activation trends could include the activation of the air conditioning or steering system. This allows the calculation of the battery's charging request current to incorporate load fluctuations. For example, if the air conditioning is about to be turned on, the requested current can be increased to adapt to load changes and prevent overcurrent or interruption caused by sudden load increases during charging.

[0075] S203, send a charging request current to the charging pile so that the charging pile charges the battery according to the charging request current.

[0076] Based on the calculated current charging request from the battery, the BMS sends this request to the charging station, enabling the station to charge the battery accordingly. At the next moment, which becomes the new current moment, the BMS reassesses whether the battery meets the charging current adjustment conditions. If adjustment is needed, the BMS calculates a new adjustment value, and based on this value, the system's charging current limit, and the battery's reference current, determines the battery's current charging request at the new current moment. This process continues; whenever the charging current needs adjustment at any point during charging, the battery's current charging request is calculated in this way and sent to the charging station, allowing the station to charge the battery according to the requested current until charging is complete.

[0077] In this embodiment, the current adjustment value of the battery's charging current is determined. Based on the system charging current upper limit, the battery's reference current, and the current adjustment value, the battery's charging request current is determined. The reference current is the maximum allowable charging current that matches the battery's current state. The charging request current is sent to the charging pile so that the charging pile charges the battery according to the charging request current. The reference current is the maximum allowable charging current that matches the battery's current state, and the current adjustment value and the system charging current upper limit are dynamically correlated with the battery's state. This ensures that when determining the charging current, both the battery's own tolerance limit and its charging capacity are considered, reducing the contradiction between idle battery charging capacity and overload risk, making the charging process both efficient and safe. Moreover, the charging request current is jointly determined by the system charging current upper limit, the reference current, and the current adjustment value, rather than by a single parameter, reducing charging interruptions caused by current fluctuations, overcapacity, or demand mismatch. Throughout the process, the BMS actively calculates and sends a charging request current to the charging pile. The charging pile then performs charging according to the requested current, rather than relying on passive adjustments or simple feedback from the charging pile. This eliminates the need for the charging pile to frequently adjust its output, reduces the interaction loss between the vehicle and the charging pile, and speeds up the response speed of charging initiation and dynamic adjustment. Especially in DC charging scenarios, this can further shorten the overall charging time and improve charging efficiency.

[0078] Based on the above embodiments, the following describes one implementation of how the BMS determines the current adjustment value of the battery in the embodiments of this application. In one embodiment, the process of determining the current adjustment value of the battery includes: determining the current adjustment value based on the previous adjustment value and the step size.

[0079] The Battery Management System (BMS) dynamically determines the battery's charging request current. Therefore, when determining the current adjustment value, the BMS can combine the previous adjustment value (i.e., the value determined at the previous moment) with a pre-set step size. It should be noted that in this embodiment, "previous moment" and "current moment" can be adjacent or non-adjacent time points; they refer only to the various moments during the battery charging process when the charging current is adjusted.

[0080] In this embodiment, the BMS stores the calculated current adjustment value each time the battery charging current needs to be adjusted. The BMS can then directly read the previous adjustment value from the stored location and adjust the previous value according to a preset step size. This method of adjusting the previous value in fixed steps ensures a smooth change in the charging current request, reducing charging interruptions caused by sudden current changes during dynamic current adjustment. Furthermore, adjusting the battery charging current based on the determined current value ensures the current requirements for thermal management and vehicle load, thereby improving charging efficiency.

[0081] The BMS's adjustment of the previous setting according to a preset step size can be divided into upward and downward adjustments. Specifically, upward adjustment refers to compensating for the extra current consumption of thermal management / auxiliary components based on the vehicle's load conditions to ensure charging efficiency. Downward adjustment refers to addressing insufficient charging (or charging station output exceeding the window) by reducing the requested current to avoid charging interruption; this is a conservative adjustment that prevents excessive current consumption or overcurrent risk during battery charging. See also... Figure 3 As shown, the process of determining the current adjustment value based on the previous adjustment value and step size in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0082] S301, determine the current difference between the actual charging current of the battery and the reference current.

[0083] The Battery Management System (BMS) determines whether to adjust the current level upwards or downwards by considering the difference between the battery's current actual charging current and its reference current. This difference reflects the gap between the actual charging current and the reference current, which represents the maximum allowable charging current matching the battery's current state. Therefore, this difference represents the unused capacity of the battery's current charging capability or the probability of overload risk. For example, if the actual charging current is greater than the reference current, it means the battery has not reached its maximum allowable charging current matching its current state, indicating underutilization of its charging capacity. In this case, a larger difference means more current is consumed by non-charging functions such as thermal management and vehicle accessories. The current adjustment value needs to be determined by adjusting the previous value upwards to compensate for this consumption, bringing the actual charging current closer to the reference current and improving charging efficiency. Conversely, if the actual charging current is greater than the reference current, it means the current charging current has exceeded the battery's maximum allowable range. In this case, a larger absolute value of the difference indicates a higher risk of overcurrent, which could easily lead to charging interruption. The current adjustment value needs to be determined by adjusting the previous value downwards to reduce the charging request current.

[0084] The actual charging current of the battery can be collected in real time using a current sensor.

[0085] S302, if the current difference is greater than or equal to the current threshold and the duration reaches the first duration, the previous adjustment value is increased by a step size to obtain the current adjustment value; or, if the current difference is less than or equal to 0 and the duration reaches the second duration, the previous adjustment value is decreased by a step size to obtain the current adjustment value.

[0086] Based on the calculated current difference, it is compared with a preset current threshold. If the current difference is greater than or equal to the current threshold and the duration reaches the first duration, it is determined that the previous adjustment value needs to be adjusted upward. Then, the previous adjustment value is increased by a step size to obtain the current adjustment value.

[0087] This current threshold can be set based on the battery's reference current. The larger the battery's reference current, the larger the current threshold can be set, showing a positive correlation. For example, the current threshold can be set to 4A, the initial duration to 3 seconds, and the step size also to 4A. If the battery current difference reaches 4A, and if this state persists for 3 seconds, it indicates that the battery's actual charging current is significantly different from its maximum allowable charging current, requiring upward adjustment. Therefore, the current adjustment value is obtained by increasing the previous value by 4A.

[0088] Considering the hardware capacity and safe operating boundaries of the thermal management unit, as a core consumption unit in the vehicle, the thermal management unit (such as the PTC heater and the Positive Temperature Coefficient Heater (TMS) cooling module) has its own maximum allowable current limit. If the current adjustment value exceeds this limit, it will cause the thermal management unit to overload, leading to malfunctions (such as PTC overheating, TMS fan overcurrent), and interrupting the charging process. Therefore, the maximum allowable current of the thermal management unit should be used as the upper limit for upward adjustment to ensure that the adjustment action meets the charging current compensation requirements without exceeding the safety boundaries of the thermal management system. Therefore, during the upward adjustment process, the current adjustment value must not exceed the maximum current allowed by the battery's thermal management unit. For example, if the maximum allowable current of the thermal management unit is 60A, then the upper limit for upward adjustment is 60A.

[0089] If it is determined that the previous adjustment value needs to be adjusted downward when the current difference is less than or equal to 0 and the duration reaches the second duration, then the previous adjustment value is reduced by a step size to obtain the current adjustment value.

[0090] A current difference of 0 or less indicates that the battery's actual charging current exceeds or just reaches its maximum allowable charging current, meaning the current charging current is excessive and poses an overcurrent risk. Since this involves safety concerns, it's unnecessary to wait for this state to persist for too long; therefore, the second duration can be shorter, such as 1 second. So, if the battery difference is 0A, and if the duration of the state with a battery difference ≤ 0A reaches 1 second, downward adjustment begins. Therefore, the current adjustment value is obtained by reducing the previous adjustment value by 4A.

[0091] Similarly, considering the basic functional requirements of the thermal management unit and the battery temperature maintenance target, the thermal management unit needs to maintain a minimum operating current to ensure basic thermal management capabilities. For example, in low-temperature environments, the PTC needs a minimum current to maintain battery temperature, and in high-temperature environments, the TMS needs a minimum current to maintain heat dissipation. If the current adjustment value is lower than this minimum operating current, the thermal management unit may stop working or fail to meet the battery temperature control requirements, causing the battery to deviate from its suitable operating temperature, thereby affecting charging efficiency or triggering battery protection, potentially leading to charging interruption. Therefore, the minimum allowable current of the thermal management unit should be used as the lower limit for downward adjustment to balance overcurrent risk avoidance and the protection of basic thermal management functions. Thus, during downward adjustment, the current adjustment value obtained must not be lower than or equal to the minimum current used by the battery's thermal management unit. For example, if the minimum allowable current for the thermal management unit is -20A, then the lower limit for downward adjustment is -20A.

[0092] Furthermore, in the embodiments of this application, the current adjustment value may be positive or negative, which is determined by the previous adjustment value. Upward adjustment and downward adjustment are merely descriptions of actions to increase or decrease the adjustment value, rather than a definition of the result that makes the calculated current adjustment value positive or negative. Whether the current adjustment value is ultimately positive or negative depends on the cumulative effect of the initial adjustment value and the number of adjustments.

[0093] Taking downward adjustment as an example, downward adjustment is a reduction of the adjustment value compared to the previous adjustment value. A single adjustment does not necessarily make the calculated current adjustment value negative. Rather, it is based on continuous downward adjustment or the initial low adjustment value that the current adjustment value may become negative at a certain point in time. That is, it is allowed for the adjustment value to fall into the negative range through continuous downward adjustment. For example, if the previous adjustment value was 8A, after adjusting downward by 4A, it becomes 4A, which is still a positive value because downward adjustment only represents a decrease in value and does not force a single adjustment to become negative. For another example, if the previous adjustment value was 3A, after adjusting downward by 4A, it becomes -1A, which becomes a negative value; or, if the previous adjustment value was -4A, after adjusting downward by 4A, it becomes -8A, which is still a negative value. Conversely, upward adjustment is the same. It may be a continuous upward adjustment that gradually accumulates from a negative value into the positive range, or it may remain in the positive range throughout the continuous upward adjustment. As long as the upper limit of the final adjustment value obtained by continuous upward adjustment is 60A, and the upper limit of the final adjustment value obtained by continuous downward adjustment is -20A, it is acceptable.

[0094] In this embodiment, the BMS determines the current difference between the actual charging current and the reference current. If the current difference is greater than or equal to the current threshold and the duration reaches a first duration, the previous adjustment value is increased by a step size to obtain the current adjustment value. If the current difference is less than or equal to 0 and the duration reaches a second duration, the previous adjustment value is decreased by a step size to obtain the current adjustment value. This method uses the current difference between the actual charging current and the reference current as the core judgment criterion, combined with the current threshold and the set duration to trigger adjustment. This reduces ineffective adjustments caused by instantaneous fluctuations, allowing the current adjustment value to accurately compensate for stability deviations, making the actual charging current closer to the maximum allowable charging current, avoiding idle charging capacity, and reducing unnecessary computational load on the BMS. Furthermore, when adjusting downwards, the adjustment can be initiated within a certain duration after an overcurrent risk is triggered, preventing the risk from escalating and ensuring a safe and efficient charging process. The current adjustment value is calculated based on the step size increase or decrease of the previous adjustment value, resulting in a smooth adjustment value that does not exceed the set upper and lower limits, greatly reducing the problem of charging interruptions.

[0095] Based on the above embodiments, the following describes one embodiment of how the BMS determines the battery charging request current based on the system charging current limit, the battery reference current, and the current adjustment value in this application.

[0096] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown in the embodiment of this application, the process of determining the battery charging request current based on the system charging current upper limit, the battery reference current, and the current adjustment value includes the following steps:

[0097] S401, adjust the reference current according to the current adjustment value to obtain the candidate charging current.

[0098] The reference current represents the maximum allowable current that matches the current state of the battery. Therefore, the BMS uses the reference current as the base current for charging the battery and then adjusts the reference current using the calculated current adjustment value.

[0099] Specifically, the BMS can directly add the reference current to the current regulation value. Thus, considering that the current regulation value can be obtained by increasing or decreasing the step size based on the previous regulation value, the current regulation value can be positive or negative. Therefore, when the current regulation value is positive, adding the reference current to the current regulation value increases the reference current, resulting in a candidate charging current; however, when the current regulation value is negative, adding the reference current to the current regulation value decreases the reference current, resulting in a candidate charging current.

[0100] The reference current only matches the battery's own state. However, during charging, there is inevitably current consumption from thermal management (such as low-temperature PTC heating and high-temperature TMS cooling) and vehicle accessories (such as air conditioning and electronic control systems). If only the reference current is used as the basis for charging requests, the charging pile's output current will be consumed by the operating conditions, resulting in insufficient actual charging current for the battery. By adjusting the reference current plus the current adjustment value, the resulting candidate charging current can simultaneously cover the battery's basic charging needs and the additional consumption under operating conditions, dynamically adapting to complex operating conditions. This ensures that the remaining current, after offsetting the consumption under operating conditions, accurately matches the battery's maximum allowable charging capacity. For example, a reference current of 50A (basic battery needs) + a current adjustment value of 10A (PTC heating consumption compensation) = a candidate charging current of 60A. In this case, 10A is used for PTC heating, and 50A is used for battery charging, satisfying both thermal management requirements and ensuring the battery is charged with the optimal current.

[0101] S402 determines the minimum output current of the charging station.

[0102] The BMS determines the minimum output current of the charging station to ensure the matching between the vehicle's charging request and the charging station's output capacity, avoiding charging interruptions or system instability due to mismatch. For example, assuming the minimum output current of the charging station is 5A, it means the minimum output capacity of the charging station is 5A. In this case, if the BMS requests a current value below 5A, the charging station will not be able to meet the request.

[0103] In practical applications, the minimum output current of charging piles of various specifications and types is different. The BMS can directly request the minimum output current of the charging pile, or it can search for the minimum output current of the corresponding charging pile based on historical request records or stored records.

[0104] S403 determines the charging request current based on the system charging current limit, minimum output current, and candidate charging current.

[0105] The aforementioned candidate charging current is not the final charging request current sent to the charging pile, but rather a crucial intermediate value in the charging request current calculation process. Furthermore, because the candidate charging current essentially provides an initial current value suitable for the operating conditions, and the system charging current upper limit represents the overall safety upper limit for the battery, vehicle circuitry, and charging pile—the upper boundary that the current is not allowed to exceed—while the charging pile's minimum output current is the lower boundary for maintaining uninterrupted charging, the BMS needs to control the candidate charging current using two clearly defined boundary values: the system charging current upper limit and the charging pile's minimum output current. This ensures that the final determined charging request current is within a reasonable range between the safety upper limit and the charging pile's minimum output current, preventing both overcurrent risks and interruptions.

[0106] Based on this, in one embodiment, the BMS determines the charging request current based on the system charging current upper limit, the minimum output current, and the candidate charging current by: taking the smaller value between the system charging current upper limit and the candidate charging current as the upper limit current, comparing the upper limit current with the minimum output current, and determining the larger value between the upper limit current and the minimum output current as the charging request current.

[0107] In this embodiment, the BMS first takes the smaller value between the upper limit of the system charging current and the candidate charging current to form the upper limit limiting current, and then takes the larger value between the upper limit limiting current and the minimum output current.

[0108] For example, the charging request current = Max{min{system charging current upper limit, candidate charging current}, charging pile minimum output current}. If the candidate charging current does not exceed the system charging current upper limit and is not lower than the charging pile minimum output current, it can be directly used as the charging request current; if the candidate charging current exceeds the system charging current upper limit, the system charging current upper limit is taken as the upper limit; if it is lower than the charging pile minimum output current, the charging pile minimum output current is taken as the lower limit. For example: if the candidate charging current is 65A, the system charging current upper limit is 60A, and the minimum output current is 5A, then the final charging request current = Max{min{60A, 65A}, 5A} = 60A; to avoid overcurrent risk.

[0109] Therefore, the BMS dynamically responds to real-time updates of battery status and charging pile characteristics by using two boundary values: the upper limit of the system charging current and the minimum output current of the charging pile. This ensures that whether the upper limit of the system charging current or the minimum output current of the charging pile is adjusted upwards or downwards, the current is precisely limited, keeping the charging request current within a reasonable range between the system's safe upper limit and the charging pile's minimum output lower limit. Furthermore, the candidate charging current is maintained at a reasonable level by compensating the reference current with an adjustment value, preventing excessive use of the battery's charging current by thermal management. This significantly reduces the risk of overcurrent, minimizes charging interruptions, and avoids current overflow caused by adjustment actions. Moreover, the BMS can determine the charging request current through basic calculations, without complex model iterations or multi-dimensional parameter coupling. The core parameters are all collected in real-time or pre-stored by the BMS, resulting in a short computational chain and minimal time consumption, greatly reducing the time required for the BMS to calculate the charging request current and improving charging efficiency.

[0110] In another embodiment, the BMS can also establish a multi-dimensional priority ranking, combining the real-time battery status (SOC, temperature) and thermal management operating mode to dynamically adjust the parameter verification priority. Then, through a two-layer boundary verification of the system charging current upper limit and the charging pile minimum output current, the charging request current is finally determined. For example, the parameter verification priority is first ranked based on the battery status and thermal management mode. For example, for scenario 1 with low SOC (e.g., SOC < 40%) and thermal management off (e.g., temperature between 15-35℃), the parameter verification priority ranking is: candidate charging current, system charging current upper limit, minimum output current; for scenario 2 with high SOC (e.g., SOC ≥ 80%) and high thermal management load (e.g., PTC full heating), the parameter verification priority ranking is: system charging current upper limit, minimum output current, candidate charging current; for scenario 3 with extreme temperature (e.g., SOC < 5℃ / > 40℃) and thermal management activated, the parameter verification priority ranking is: system charging current upper limit, candidate charging current, minimum output current.

[0111] Next, a two-layer boundary check is used to determine the charging request current according to the above priority. The first layer checks the first two parameters in priority to determine the intermediate current. The second layer checks the intermediate current using the last parameter in priority to determine the final charging request current. For example, in scenario 1: First, check if the candidate charging current is less than or equal to the system charging current limit. If it is less than or equal to, retain the candidate charging current as the intermediate current. If the candidate charging current is greater than the system charging current limit, take the system charging current limit as the intermediate current to avoid overcurrent. Then, check if the intermediate current is greater than or equal to the minimum output current. If it is, the intermediate current is the final charging request current. If the intermediate current is lower than the minimum output current, take the minimum output current as the charging request current. Scenario 2: First, check if the system charging current upper limit is greater than or equal to the minimum output current. By default, the system charging current upper limit always meets this condition. Then, determine if the candidate charging current is within the range of [system charging current upper limit, minimum output current]. If the candidate charging current is lower than the minimum output current, take the minimum output current as the intermediate current to avoid interruption. If the candidate charging current is greater than or equal to the minimum output current, take the smaller value between the candidate charging current and the system charging current upper limit as the intermediate current. Then, check if the intermediate current is less than or equal to the candidate charging current. If it is, the intermediate current is the charging request current. If the intermediate current exceeds the candidate charging current, take the candidate charging current as the charging request current. Scenario 3: First, check if the system charging current upper limit is greater than or equal to the candidate charging current. If it is, take the candidate charging current as the intermediate current. If the system charging current upper limit is lower than the candidate current, take the system charging current upper limit as the intermediate current. Then, check if the intermediate current is greater than or equal to the minimum output current. If it is, the intermediate current is the charging request current. If the intermediate current is lower than the minimum output current, take the minimum output current as the charging request current.

[0112] In addition, in this embodiment of the application, the lower limit of downward adjustment is configured as -20A, which can solve the problem of charging pile output current being too large and exceeding the window charging by reducing the requested current. When it is necessary to significantly reduce the charging requested current (such as when the charging pile output current is far beyond the window range allowed by the system), simply reducing the adjustment value to 0A may not be enough to meet the requirements. It is necessary to further adjust the adjustment value to a negative value. At this time, the sum of the reference current and the current adjustment value will be smaller, thereby reducing the final charging requested current and solving the window exceeding problem.

[0113] In this embodiment, the candidate charging current is determined by the reference current and the current adjustment value, which can match the battery status and operating conditions in real time, reducing charging efficiency waste caused by insufficient compensation and allowing the electrical energy output by the charging pile to be more accurately distributed to the battery for charging. Furthermore, the minimum output current of the charging pile is included in the determination of the charging request current. This minimum output current is a key threshold for ensuring stable output of the charging pile and avoiding triggering protection interruptions, thus avoiding interruptions caused by the requested current being lower than the minimum output capacity of the charging pile. Finally, the charging request current is jointly determined by the system's upper limit of charging current, the minimum output current, and the candidate charging current, ensuring that the charging request current is always within a reasonable range, avoiding both overcurrent risks and interruption problems. This ensures that the charging request current can respond to changes in operating conditions while always meeting charging requirements, adapting to various complex charging scenarios.

[0114] In practical applications, adjusting the battery charging current may result in excessively high or low charging current, leading to safety issues. To address this, this application embodiment sets a zeroing trigger condition in the BMS. That is, when the BMS determines that the battery meets the zeroing trigger condition, it directly resets the current adjustment value to zero, i.e., it does not adjust the charging request current. In one embodiment, the charging method provided by this application embodiment further includes setting the current adjustment value to zero when the battery meets any of the following conditions: the battery's thermal management device switches from a non-power-off mode to a power-off mode; the battery's thermal management device's fault level switches to a fault level; a pre-charge failure exists in the system; or the battery's actual charging current is invalid.

[0115] In this embodiment, the battery's thermal management device switches its operating state from non-power-off mode to power-off mode. When the thermal management device switches from non-power-off to power-off, the current adjustment value is set to zero. After the thermal management device is powered off, the adjustment value originally used to compensate for thermal management consumption is no longer needed. If it continues to be retained, it will cause the candidate charging current (reference current + current adjustment value) to be artificially high, causing the charging pile's output current to exceed the actual demand. After the thermal management device stops working, there is no excess adjustment value occupying the charging pile's output capacity. The actual charging current of the battery is highly consistent with the reference current, and more electrical energy is used for battery energy storage per unit time, reducing unnecessary energy consumption. For example, when the BMS receives a switch from the PTC operating state to the power-off mode, or when the BMS receives a switch from the TMS operating state to the power-off mode, the current adjustment value is set to zero.

[0116] For two fault scenarios—the switching of the battery's thermal management equipment fault level and the system's pre-charge failure—the current adjustment value is cleared to zero. This is because the current adjustment value is a crucial component of the candidate charging current, and its validity in a fault state is uncertain; retaining it could lead to current runaway. Upon fault triggering, the current adjustment value is 100% cut off. The candidate charging current is determined solely by the reference current, and subsequent current is further supported by the system's charging current limit and the charging pile's minimum output current. This prevents current runaway in fault states from the outset, reducing the probability of charging interruptions and equipment damage. For example, when the BMS receives a switch from a PTC fault level of no fault or Level 3 to Level 1 or Level 2, it sets the current adjustment value to zero. Similarly, when the BMS receives a switch from a TMS fault level of no fault or Level 3 to Level 1 or Level 2, it sets the current adjustment value to zero. The BMS can receive this information via a dedicated channel 0x18FFC13B.

[0117] When the actual charging current of the battery is invalid, it indicates that the battery's current charging state is abnormal, such as a current sensor malfunction or abnormal data acquisition. In this case, it is not advisable to adjust the charging current further; the current adjustment value should be set to zero. This is because the actual charging current is the core basis for current adjustment, and invalid data will lead to calculation errors in the adjustment value. When the data is invalid, the charging request current is maintained within the safe range of Max{min{system charging current upper limit, reference current}, and charging pile minimum output current}, preventing current oscillations caused by erroneous adjustments, reducing charging interruptions due to data abnormalities, and ensuring a stable charging process.

[0118] Correspondingly, in the above embodiments, when the BMS determines the candidate charging current, the current adjustment value has been cleared to zero, and the reference current can be directly determined as the candidate charging current. Therefore, the further charging request current = Max{min{system charging current upper limit, reference current}, charging pile minimum output current}.

[0119] In this embodiment, the BMS sets the current adjustment value to zero when the battery meets certain conditions. This allows for the safe output of a charging request current by clearing the current adjustment value to zero in fault or abnormal scenarios. The designed zeroing conditions are seamlessly integrated with existing logic, requiring no additional hardware or complex algorithms to cover multiple risk scenarios. This ensures adjustment accuracy while reducing subsequent debugging and maintenance costs, adapting to the complex charging conditions required for various vehicles, especially commercial vehicles.

[0120] Furthermore, when the BMS determines that the battery does not meet the current regulation conditions, there is no need to perform the step of determining the current regulation value, which is equivalent to resetting the current regulation value to zero. The charging request current that needs to be sent to the charging pile can be calculated using the formula: Charging Request Current = Max{min{System Charging Current Upper Limit, Reference Current}, Charging Pile Minimum Output Current}. Thus, in this embodiment, when the battery does not meet the current regulation conditions, the charging request current is determined only by the system charging current upper limit and the reference current, without the need to introduce the current regulation value and related dynamic adjustment logic, saving BMS computing power and improving charging efficiency.

[0121] In combination with the above embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown in the illustration, this application also provides an embodiment of a charging method, which includes:

[0122] S501, Begin;

[0123] S502 confirms that the battery has entered the DC charging process;

[0124] S503, set the initial adjustment value to 0;

[0125] The initial adjustment value is used as the starting value for calculating the adjustment value. During the battery charging process, the previously calculated adjustment value and the step size are used to calculate the current adjustment value.

[0126] S504, calculate the current difference between the actual charging current of the battery and the reference current, and determine whether the current difference is greater than or equal to the current threshold and whether the duration has reached the first duration. If yes, execute S505; otherwise, execute S506.

[0127] S505, Current adjustment value = previous adjustment value + step size;

[0128] For example, if the difference between the actual charging current and the reference current collected by the current sensor is ≥4A and the duration is ≥3s, then the current adjustment value = the previous adjustment value + 4A, and the upper limit of the current adjustment value is 60A.

[0129] S506: Determine whether the current difference is less than or equal to 0 and whether the duration has reached the second duration. If yes, execute S507; otherwise, execute S508.

[0130] S507, Current adjustment value = Previous adjustment value - Step size;

[0131] For example, if the difference between the actual charging current and the reference current collected by the current sensor is ≤0A and the duration is ≥1s, then the current adjustment value = the previous adjustment value -4A, and the lower limit of the current adjustment value is -20A.

[0132] S508, Current adjustment value = previous adjustment value;

[0133] This indicates that the vehicle's operating conditions at the current moment are not significantly different from those at the previous moment, and the adjustment value can remain unchanged.

[0134] S509, determine whether the current adjustment value is greater than the upper limit of adjustment or less than the lower limit of adjustment. If not, execute S510; if yes, execute S511.

[0135] S510, Candidate charging current = Reference current + Current adjustment value;

[0136] S511, Candidate charging current = Reference current + Adjustment upper limit or adjustment lower limit;

[0137] If the current adjustment value exceeds the upper limit of adjustment, then the candidate charging current = reference current + upper limit of adjustment, which is equivalent to the current adjustment value = upper limit of adjustment; if the current adjustment value exceeds the lower limit of adjustment, then the candidate charging current = reference current + lower limit of adjustment, which is equivalent to the current adjustment value = lower limit of adjustment.

[0138] S512, calculate the charging request current based on the charging request current = Max{min{system charging current upper limit, candidate charging current}, charging pile minimum output current}.

[0139] When calculating the charging request current, if the BMS determines that the battery meets the pre-set condition for clearing the current adjustment value, it will set the current adjustment value to 0. Then the charging request current = Max{min{system charging current upper limit, reference current}, charging pile minimum output current}.

[0140] S513, determine whether to exit the DC charging process. If yes, execute S514; otherwise, execute S504.

[0141] S514, End.

[0142] In the technical solutions of this application embodiment, the execution process and execution principle of each step are the same as those described in the foregoing embodiments, and will not be repeated here. Please refer to the description of the foregoing embodiments. By dynamically adjusting the charging request current, the rationality of current distribution during charging can be ensured, and charging efficiency can be improved. By using a mechanism to clear the current adjustment value, overcurrent problems caused by load changes can be reduced, and system safety can be improved. By combining the dynamic adjustment strategy and the clearing mechanism, the charging process can be made more stable, and charging interruptions caused by current fluctuations can be reduced.

[0143] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowchart above are shown sequentially as indicated by the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the flowchart above may include multiple steps or multiple stages. These steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least some of the steps or stages in other steps.

[0144] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a charging device for implementing the charging method described above. The solution provided by this device is similar to the solution described in the above method; therefore, the specific limitations in one or more charging device embodiments provided below can be found in the limitations of the charging method described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0145] According to some embodiments of this application, refer to Figure 6 A charging device is provided, the device comprising:

[0146] The adjustment value determination module 601 is used to determine the current adjustment value of the battery charging current; the current adjustment value represents the current value at which the battery charging current is adjusted.

[0147] The charging current determination module 602 is used to determine the charging request current of the battery based on the system charging current upper limit, the battery reference current and the current adjustment value; the reference current is the maximum allowable charging current that matches the current state of the battery.

[0148] The charging request module 603 is used to send a charging request current to the charging pile so that the charging pile charges the battery according to the charging request current.

[0149] In one embodiment, the adjustment value determination module 601 includes:

[0150] The adjustment value determination unit is used to determine the current adjustment value based on the previous adjustment value and step size.

[0151] In one embodiment, the device further includes a difference calculation module for determining the current difference between the actual charging current of the battery and the reference current; correspondingly, the adjustment value determination unit includes an adjustment value determination subunit for increasing the previous adjustment value by a step size to obtain the current adjustment value when the current difference is greater than or equal to a current threshold and the duration reaches a first duration; or, when the current difference is less than or equal to 0 and the duration reaches a second duration, decreasing the previous adjustment value by a step size to obtain the current adjustment value.

[0152] In one embodiment, the charging current determination module 602 includes:

[0153] The candidate current determination unit is used to adjust the reference current according to the current adjustment value to obtain the candidate charging current;

[0154] Minimum output current determination unit, used to determine the minimum output current of the charging pile;

[0155] The charging current determination unit is used to determine the charging request current based on the system charging current upper limit, minimum output current, and candidate charging current.

[0156] In one embodiment, the charging current determination unit includes:

[0157] The upper limit limiting determination subunit is used to take the smaller value between the upper limit of the system charging current and the candidate charging current as the upper limit limiting current.

[0158] The charging current determination subunit is used to compare the upper limit current and the minimum output current, and determine the larger of the upper limit current and the minimum output current as the charging request current.

[0159] In one embodiment, the device further includes a zeroing module for setting the current adjustment value to zero if the battery meets any of the following conditions:

[0160] The battery's thermal management device switches its operating status from non-power-off mode to power-off mode;

[0161] The fault level of the battery's thermal management equipment is switched to fault level;

[0162] The system has a pre-charge failure.

[0163] The actual charging current of the battery is invalid.

[0164] In one embodiment, the device further includes:

[0165] The status information acquisition module is used to acquire the current status information of the battery; the current status information includes at least the current state of charge and the current temperature.

[0166] The reference current determination module is used to find a current value that matches the current state information from the current state table based on the current state information of the battery, and use it as a reference current. The current state table includes reference charging currents for various batteries under different state information.

[0167] The various modules in the charging device provided in this application embodiment can be implemented entirely or partially through software, hardware, or a combination thereof. These modules can be embedded in or independent of the processor in the electronic device in hardware form, or stored in the memory of the electronic device in software form, so that the processor can call and execute the operations corresponding to each module.

[0168] In one embodiment, this application also provides a battery management system, which may include a processor, memory, input / output (I / O) interfaces, and a communication interface. The processor, memory, and I / O interfaces are connected via a system bus, and the communication interface is connected to the system bus via the I / O interfaces. The processor of the battery management system provides computing and control capabilities. The memory of the battery management system includes a non-volatile storage medium and internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, computer programs, and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage medium. The database of the battery management system stores charging data. The I / O interfaces of the battery management system are used for exchanging information between the processor and external devices. The communication interface of the battery management system is used for communicating with external terminals via a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps in the charging method provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0169] In one embodiment, this application also provides a vehicle that includes the battery management system provided in the above embodiments.

[0170] In this embodiment, the vehicle can be a new energy commercial vehicle, including but not limited to new energy heavy trucks, urban logistics vehicles, long-distance passenger buses, and other high-frequency charging and multi-condition operation models. In practical applications, the vehicle can be equipped with a high-capacity power battery pack and an independent thermal management system (including PTC heaters and TMS heat dissipation modules), and configured with a high-precision current sensor and a Controller Area Network (CAN) bus communication module. The BMS, as the core control unit, interacts with the vehicle controller, thermal management system, and charging pile interaction module in real time via the CAN bus, synchronizing the vehicle load status, thermal management working / fault information, and charging pile feedback data to ensure the timeliness of parameter acquisition and command issuance. In terms of software configuration, a current status table specific to the vehicle model is preset, and the current adjustment strategy and mechanism for clearing the current adjustment value mentioned in the above embodiments are integrated. It also communicates with the vehicle controller and can trigger adjustment actions according to sudden increases in vehicle load, etc. It is compatible with existing mainstream DC charging piles and can be adapted without additional modifications.

[0171] In one embodiment, this application also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium including instructions, such as a memory including instructions, which can be executed by a processor of an electronic device, along with any step of the charging method provided in the above embodiments. For example, the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium may be a ROM, random access memory (RAM), CD-ROM, magnetic tape, floppy disk, or optical data storage device.

[0172] In one embodiment, this application also provides a computer program product that, when executed by a processor, can perform any step of the charging method provided in the above embodiments. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When these computer instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the charging method described in the embodiments of this application can be implemented.

[0173] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the computer program can include the processes of the embodiments described above. Any references to memory, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take many forms, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) or Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM). The databases involved in the embodiments provided in this application may include at least one type of relational database and non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, blockchain-based distributed databases. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in this application may be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processing units, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, quantum computing-based data processing logic devices, etc., and are not limited to these.

[0174] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0175] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, intended to facilitate a detailed understanding of the technical solutions of this application, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the scope of protection of this application. It should be understood that technical solutions obtained by those skilled in the art based on the technical solutions provided in this application through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation are all within the scope of protection of the appended claims of this application.

Claims

1. A charging method, characterized in that, Applied to a battery management system, the method includes: Determine the current adjustment value of the battery's charging current; the current adjustment value represents the current value used to adjust the charging current of the battery. The reference current of the battery is adjusted according to the current adjustment value to obtain a candidate charging current; the reference current is the maximum allowable charging current that matches the current state of the battery. The smaller value between the system charging current upper limit and the candidate charging current is used as the upper limit limiting current; The upper limit current is compared with the minimum output current of the charging pile, and the larger of the upper limit current and the minimum output current is determined to be the charging request current. The charging request current is sent to the charging pile so that the charging pile charges the battery according to the charging request current.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the current adjustment value of the battery charging current includes: The current adjustment value is determined based on the previous adjustment value and step size.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: Determine the current difference between the actual charging current of the battery and the reference current; Accordingly, determining the current adjustment value based on the previous adjustment value and step size includes: If the current difference is greater than or equal to the current threshold and the duration reaches the first duration, the previous adjustment value is increased by the step size to obtain the current adjustment value; If the current difference is less than or equal to 0 and the duration reaches the second duration, the previous adjustment value is reduced by the step size to obtain the current adjustment value.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Before determining the battery's charging request current based on the system charging current upper limit, the battery's reference current, and the current adjustment value, the method further includes: The current adjustment value is set to zero if the battery meets any of the following conditions: The operating state of the battery's thermal management device is switched from non-power-off mode to power-off mode; The fault level of the battery's thermal management device is switched to fault level. The system has a pre-charge failure. The actual charging current of the battery is invalid.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Before determining the battery's charging request current based on the system charging current upper limit, the battery's reference current, and the current adjustment value, the method further includes: Obtain the current state information of the battery; the current state information includes at least the current state of charge and the current temperature; Based on the current state information of the battery, the current value that matches the current state information is found from the current state table and used as the reference current. The current status table includes reference charging currents for various batteries under different status conditions.

6. A charging device, characterized in that, The device includes: The adjustment value determination module is used to determine the current adjustment value of the battery's charging current; the current adjustment value represents the current value used to adjust the charging current of the battery. The charging current determination module is used to adjust the reference current of the battery according to the current adjustment value to obtain a candidate charging current, take the smaller value between the upper limit of the system charging current and the candidate charging current as the upper limit limiting current, and compare the upper limit limiting current with the minimum output current of the charging pile to determine the larger value between the upper limit limiting current and the minimum output current as the charging request current; the reference current is the maximum allowable charging current that matches the current state of the battery. The charging request module is used to send the charging request current to the charging pile so that the charging pile charges the battery according to the charging request current.

7. A battery management system, characterized in that, The battery management system includes a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, and the processor executing the computer program to implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes the battery management system of claim 7.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, A memory including instructions which are executed by a processor of an electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that, When a computer program is executed by a processor, it can perform the method described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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