Clear water taking structure for muddy water area

Abstract

The invention discloses a muddy water area clear water taking structure, which belongs to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, is arranged between an upstream muddy water area and a downstream river channel, and comprises a water taking and discharging control system, a water inlet system and a water filtering system capable of controlling the sand particle size and the sand content within a certain range, a water inlet connected with a muddy water area is formed in the upper portion of the water inlet system, the bottom of the water inlet system is connected with the input end of the water filtering system, the output end of the water filtering system is connected with the input end of the water taking and discharging control system, and the water filtering system discharges filtered silt to a downstream river channel. Compared with an existing muddy water guiding and sand filtering technology, a muddy water guiding and conveying project, a silt filtering project outside a muddy water region and a silt filtering treatment project are omitted, so that the muddy water guiding and conveying project has the advantages of being small in occupied land area, low in needed cost, wide in water head application range, high in silt removing capacity and the like, and the problem that clear water cannot be directly supplied in the existing muddy water area in the flood season is solved; and meanwhile, the requirements of users on different sediment particle sizes and sediment contents in water can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water conservancy engineering technology, and in particular to a structure for extracting clear water from turbid water areas. Background Technology

[0002] With the arrival of the flood season, rainfall increases significantly compared to previous years. When torrential rains fall on the surface of the watershed, during the runoff generation and confluence process, the soil and rocks of the slopes and gullies are eroded, and the sediment is transported by the water flow to rivers, reservoirs, lakes and other water bodies, causing a significant increase in the impurity content of the water and gradually making the water turbid. In response to this situation, how to extract clean water from turbid water bodies has become an urgent problem to be solved for water bodies with water supply tasks (such as reservoirs and lakes), especially water supply reservoirs built on river channels for special regulation and storage.

[0003] Water intake from water bodies generally falls into two categories: pumping water from within the water body and drawing water from a diversion tunnel. Pumping water from within the water body requires constructing a fixed pumping station on the shore or a floating pumping station within the water body to raise the water to the required height before delivering it to the water-using area. Drawing water from a diversion tunnel requires constructing a tower-type water intake device at a suitable location on the shore or within a water-retaining structure. Utilizing the water level difference between the water body and the water-using area, water is transported to the water-using area by gravity through a culvert. However, neither of these methods can solve the problem of directly drawing clean water from turbid water bodies. Therefore, currently, most water bodies are unable to supply water during the flood season due to the presence of silt, failing to meet the needs of water users and reducing the economic efficiency of water body operations.

[0004] Currently, the technology for extracting clean water from turbid water bodies in China involves first diverting the water to a suitable location and then implementing engineering measures to filter out sediment. The main methods for sediment removal include natural sedimentation and sand filtration. Natural sedimentation typically involves using a sedimentation tank to collect the water before extraction; sand filtration generally employs infiltration wells, infiltration channels, or intercepting subsurface flow methods for water extraction. Sedimentation tanks for treating sediment-laden water require specific terrain conditions, occupy a large area, and involve significant civil engineering investment and operating costs. Existing infiltration well technology suffers from problems such as the artificial filter layer being easily clogged by sediment, reducing the permeability coefficient, leading to lower actual water output, difficult operation and maintenance, and a short lifespan for the water intake project. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a structure for extracting clear water from turbid water, thereby solving the above-mentioned problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this invention discloses a water intake and clear water structure for turbid water areas, which is set between an upstream turbid water area and a downstream river channel. It includes a water intake and discharge control system, a water intake system, and a water filtration system that can control the particle size and sediment content of sand within a certain range. The upper part of the water intake system is provided with a water inlet connected to the turbid water area, and the bottom is connected to the input end of the water filtration system. The output end of the water filtration system is connected to the input end of the water intake and discharge control system. The water filtration system discharges the filtered sediment to the downstream river channel.

[0007] Furthermore, the water filtration system includes a support structure, a water filtration unit installed on the support structure, and a water collection tank. The water filtration unit includes a water passage chamber and a filter cloth. The filter cloth is provided on the side of the water passage chamber connected to the water inlet system. Turbid water in the water passage chamber enters the water collection tank after being filtered by the filter cloth. The water collection tank is connected to the input end of the water intake and discharge control system.

[0008] Furthermore, the water filtration unit also includes a water filtration unit structure. The supporting structure includes a foundation and sidewalls at both ends of the foundation. The water collection tank includes a water collection tank top plate and water collection tank support columns that support the water collection tank top plate above the foundation. The water collection tank top plate is provided with spaced support columns along the length of the water passage cavity. The water filtration unit structure is disposed between the support columns. The water collection tank top plate is provided with water passage holes that connect to the water filtration unit structure. The filter cloth covers the side of the water filtration unit structure near the water passage cavity.

[0009] Furthermore, a support beam is provided at the top of the support column, and a permeable support wall is provided between the support columns along the length of the water passage cavity. The water filtration unit structure is located between the permeable support wall and the filter cloth. The upper part of the filter cloth is fixed on the support beam, and the lower part covers one side of the water filtration unit structure. The top of the permeable support wall extends to the support beam, and the bottom extends to the top plate of the water collection tank and is connected to the water passage hole.

[0010] Furthermore, a sedimentation and flushing trough is provided at the bottom of the water passage cavity, and a support top is provided at the top of the water passage cavity, the support top being connected to the support beam of the adjacent water passage cavity.

[0011] Furthermore, the filter unit structure is provided with a filter cloth rinsing pipe, and the filter cloth rinsing pipe is provided with a water inlet rinsing hole near the filter cloth for forward water intake and reverse water rinsing of the filter cloth. Both ends of the filter cloth rinsing pipe are fixed to the support column.

[0012] Furthermore, the filter cloth rinsing pipe is provided with a drain and pressure reducing hole facing the water filtration unit structure. A piston valve plate and a spring are provided inside the filter cloth rinsing pipe. The piston valve plate is located between the drain and pressure reducing hole and the inlet rinsing hole and is slidably sealed to the inner wall of the filter cloth rinsing pipe. The spring abuts against the inner wall of the end of the piston valve plate and the filter cloth rinsing pipe. When the water pressure drives the piston valve plate to release pressure through the drain and pressure reducing hole, the piston valve plate reverses and drives the water flow through the inlet rinsing hole to clean the filter cloth.

[0013] Furthermore, the filter cloth rinsing pipe is also provided with a guide rail, a baffle, and a guide rail bracket. The guide rail bracket is installed on the baffle, the spring is sleeved on the guide rail, one end of the guide rail is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the end of the filter cloth rinsing pipe, and the other end is fixedly connected to the guide rail bracket. The valve plate hole of the piston valve plate is slidably connected to the guide rail.

[0014] Furthermore, the water intake and discharge control system includes a clear water intake pipe for turbid water periods, a raw water intake pipe, and a sand flushing pipe. The clear water intake pipe for turbid water periods is connected to the water collection tank and is equipped with a clear water intake pipe control valve for turbid water periods. The raw water intake pipe is connected to the water passage chamber and is equipped with a raw water intake pipe control valve. The sand flushing pipe is connected to the water passage chamber and is equipped with a sand flushing pipe control valve.

[0015] Furthermore, the water collection pool is divided into multiple sub-collection pools by multiple partition walls. The water filtration unit is equipped with filter cloths of different specifications corresponding to the sub-collection pools. Turbid water enters the corresponding sub-collection pools after being filtered by filter cloths of different specifications to meet the different requirements of different users for sand particle size or sand content.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: This invention controls the particle size and sediment content of sand within a certain range through an inlet system, a filtration system, and a water intake and discharge control system. The filtered sediment is then discharged downstream of the turbid water area via the original water-sand flow path. Compared to existing turbid water diversion and sand filtration technologies, this invention eliminates the need for turbid water diversion and transportation projects, sediment filtration projects outside the turbid water area, and sediment treatment projects. Therefore, it has advantages such as a small land area requirement, low cost, wide adaptability to water head, and strong sediment removal capacity, solving the problem of existing turbid water areas being unable to directly supply clean water during the flood season. It can also simultaneously meet users' requirements for different sediment particle sizes and sediment contents in the water, possessing strong promotional value and broad development and application prospects.

[0017] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the water extraction structure for turbid water areas disclosed in the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the water extraction structure for turbid water areas disclosed in the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the infiltration cross-sectional structure of the water filtration system disclosed in the first embodiment of the present invention (the cross-sectional position is...). Figure 5 (1-1) Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the supporting cross-sectional structure of the water filtration system disclosed in the first embodiment of the present invention (the cross-sectional position is...). Figure 5 (2-2) Figure 5 for Figure 3 Or a schematic diagram of AA section view 4; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the filter cloth rinsing tube disclosed in the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the water inlet flushing hole of the filter cloth flushing pipe disclosed in the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the drain pressure relief hole of the filter cloth rinsing pipe disclosed in the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 9 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the baffle of the filter cloth rinsing pipe disclosed in the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the water intake and discharge control system disclosed in the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the water filtration system disclosed in the second embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a plan view of the water collection tank disclosed in the second embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 for Figure 12 BB cross-sectional diagram; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the water intake and discharge control system disclosed in the second embodiment of the present invention; Figure 15 The second embodiment of the present invention discloses d 需 Select a schematic diagram; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the water extraction structure for turbid water areas disclosed in the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Legend: 1. Muddy waters; 2. Water-retaining structures; 3. Water inlet system; 4. Water filtration system; 4-1. First water filtration system section; 4-2. Second water filtration system section; 4-3. Third water filtration system section; 5. Water intake and discharge control system; 5-1. Wall; 6. Supporting structure; 6-1. Side wall; 6-2. Foundation; 6-3. Supporting top; 6-4. Supporting column; 6-5. Supporting beam; 6-6. Permeable supporting wall; 7. Filtration unit; 7-1. Filter cloth; 7-1-1. First filter cloth; 7-1-2. Second filter cloth; 7-1-3. Third filter cloth; 7-2. Filtration unit structure; 7-3. Sedimentation and flushing trough; 7-4. Filter cloth flushing pipe; 7-5. End; 7-6. Water inlet flushing hole; 7-7. Piston valve plate; 7-8. Spring; 7-9. Guide rail; 7-10. Baffle; 7-11. Guide rail bracket; 7-12. Drainage and pressure relief hole; 7-13. Water passage cavity; 8. Water collection tank; 8-1. Water collection tank top slab; 8-2. Water passage hole; 8-3. Water collection tank support column; 8-4. Partition wall; 8-5. Sub-water collection tank; 9. Sand flushing pipe; 9-1. Sand flushing pipe control valve; 10. Raw water intake pipe; 10-1. Raw water intake pipe control valve; 11. Clear water intake pipe during turbid water period; 11-1. Control valve for clear water intake pipe during turbid water period; 12. Clear water intake pipe for the second turbid water period; 12-1. Control valve for the clear water intake pipe for the second turbid water period; 13. Clear water intake pipe for the third turbid water period; 13-1. Control valve for the clear water intake pipe for the third turbid water period. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.

[0021] Example 1: like Figure 1-2As shown, this invention discloses a structure for drawing clear water from a turbid water area, located between an upstream turbid water area 1 and a downstream river channel. It includes a water intake and discharge control system 5, a water inlet system 3, and a filtration system 4 capable of controlling the particle size and sediment content within a certain range. The upper part of the water inlet system 3 has an inlet connected to the turbid water area 1, allowing water to automatically enter. The bottom of the water inlet system 3 is connected to the input end of the filtration system 4, and the output end of the filtration system 4 is connected to the input end of the water intake and discharge control system 5. The filtration system 4 discharges the filtered sediment to the downstream river channel. The function of the water inlet system 3 is to control the amount of water entering the filtration system 4 and to block floating debris in the water. The filtration system 4 consists of a support structure 6, several pressurized filtration units 7, a non-pressurized collection tank 8, and a clear water intake pipe 11 for turbid water periods. See also... Figure 1 The structure is arranged in conjunction with the water-retaining structure 2, and can be directly modified for the existing water-retaining structure 2. The water inlet system 3 and the water filtration system 4 are set on the water-retaining structure 2. The water inlet system 3 is located upstream of the water-retaining structure 2, the water filtration system 4 is located inside the water-retaining structure 2, and the water intake and discharge control system 5 is located downstream of the water-retaining structure 2.

[0022] In this embodiment, see Figure 3-5 The supporting structure 6 is the load-bearing support structure of the entire system, including the side wall 6-1, foundation 6-2, supporting top 6-3, supporting column 6-4, supporting beam 6-5, and permeable supporting wall 6-6, which together constitute the supporting structure 6 of the water filtration system 4, bearing the earth pressure, water pressure, and other forces from the outside of the structure. The water filtration unit 7 is embedded in the middle of the supporting column 6-4 and does not bear external loads. The water filtration unit 7 consists of filter cloth 7-1, water filtration unit structures 7-2 on both sides, a bottom arc-shaped sedimentation and flushing trough 7-3, filter cloth flushing pipe 7-4, and auxiliary structures for the flushing pipe. The function of the filter cloth 7-1 is to filter silt and sand larger than a certain particle size in the water. It is laid on the water filtration unit structures 7-2 on both sides of the water filtration unit 7 and is washable and replaceable. The function of the water filtration unit structures 7-2 on both sides of the water filtration unit 7 is twofold: first, to provide a channel for the infiltration of clean water; and second, to form the structure of the water filtration unit 7 with the sedimentation and flushing trough 7-3, bearing the internal water pressure and other forces. The bottom of the sedimentation and flushing trough 7-3 is an arc-shaped channel, designed to allow sediment to settle during filtration and concentrate the water flow for rapid flushing. A base connects the sedimentation and flushing trough 7-3 to the structure of the filtration system 4. To maintain the filtration efficiency of the filter cloth 7-1, a filter cloth flushing pipe 7-4 is installed on the back-flow side of the filter cloth 7-1 to flush the sediment adhering to the front-flow side of the filter cloth 7-1 in the reverse direction. The filter cloth 7-1 is replaceable, allowing different filter cloths 7-1 to be installed according to the user's requirements for sand particle size or sand content.

[0023] When water users measure the particle size of sand in the water (d) minWhen required, a suitable filter cloth 7-1 can be selected based on the sand particle size. This ensures that the sand particle size in the water passing through the filter cloth 7-1 meets the user's requirements. When the user has specific requirements regarding the sand content (S) in the water... 需 When required, the sediment content (S) of the turbid water should be measured first. 水 Then, the gradation curve of sediment in the turbid water area 1 was measured, and the compositional relationship between sediment particle size and sediment mass percentage was established. This was achieved by calculating S... 需 / S 水 The percentage can be used to obtain the required sediment mass for water filtration by the user, and based on this, the sediment gradation curve in the turbid water area 1 can be obtained. Figure 15 The specific sediment particle size d that meets the sediment content requirements of water users can be found online. 需 Then according to d 需 Select and set the filter cloth 7-1.

[0024] Wherein, it is assumed that the sediment content S in turbid water area 1 水 It is the sand content S corresponding to n different particle size groups i Composed of multiple particles, each particle size group represents a percentage of the total sand mass as r. di And smaller than a certain particle size d m Corresponding sediment content S 需 It can meet the needs of water users, where m≤n.

[0025] S 需 / S 水 =

[0026] =

[0027] =

[0028] =

[0029] = (m≤n); G represents the total mass of sediment in the turbid water sample 1; G i For particle size group d i-1 ~d i The corresponding sediment mass; V0 is the sediment water sample volume; r di For particle size group d i-1 ~d i The corresponding percentage of sand content in the total mass; S represents the mass percentage of particles smaller than a certain particle size dm. 需 The corresponding d 需 .

[0030] Therefore, according to the S requirements of the water users 需 And muddy waters S水 Calculate S 需 / S 水 Investigate the sediment gradation curve of turbid water. Figure 15 On the vertical axis S 需 / S 水 The x-coordinate corresponding to the location is the sediment particle size d. 需 That is, the sand content S required to meet the water user's requirements. 需 The particle size to be controlled. That is, when the particle size of sediment is less than d. 需 At that time, the sand content in the filtered water using filter cloth 7-1 will definitely be less than S. 需 .

[0031] In this embodiment, see Figures 6-9 There can be multiple pressurized water filtration units 7, three of which are shown in the figure. Their shape can be a box culvert or a pipe, but is not limited to these. Each water filtration unit 7 includes a filter cloth 7-1, a water filtration unit structure 7-2, a sedimentation and flushing trough 7-3, a filter cloth flushing pipe 7-4, an end cap 7-5, a water inlet flushing hole 7-6, a piston valve plate 7-7, a spring 7-8, a guide rail 7-9, a baffle 7-10, a guide rail bracket 7-11, a drain and pressure reducing hole 7-12, and a water passage cavity 7-13. The filter cloth 7-1 is installed in the water filtration system. On the outside of unit structure 7-2, specifically, the upper part of filter cloth 7-1 is fixed to the support beam 6-5, and the lower part covers one side of the water filtration unit structure 7-2 and is sealed to the upper part of the sedimentation and flushing trough 7-3; the water filtration unit structure 7-2 is composed of a permeable structure and permeable filler, which is embedded between the support columns 6-4 and closely integrated with the permeable support wall 6-6; the filter cloth flushing pipe 7-4 can flush the filter cloth 7-1 (there can be multiple pipes, four are shown in the figure on each side wall), and its two ends are fixed to the support. On column 6-4; the water inlet flushing hole 7-6 is also the flushing jet hole for reverse flushing of filter cloth 7-1, and is arranged on the contact side between filter cloth flushing pipe 7-4 and filter cloth 7-1; a piston valve plate 7-7 is installed inside filter cloth flushing pipe 7-4, and the piston valve plate 7-7 is water-stopped around its perimeter; one end of spring 7-8 is connected to end head 7-5, and the other end is connected to piston valve plate 7-7; guide rail 7-9 passes through the middle of spring 7-8 (spring 7-8 can compress or extend along this guide rail), one end of which is connected to end head 7-5, and the other end passes through... The piston valve plate 7-7 is connected to the fixed guide rail bracket 7-11 through the center (a sealing measure is taken between the piston valve plate 7-7 and the guide rail 7-9) to prevent the piston valve plate 7-7 from deflecting during the movement of the spring 7-8 pulling the piston valve plate 7-7; the stop 7-10 limits the movement of the piston valve plate 7-7 to a certain range; the guide rail bracket 7-11 fixes the other end of the guide rail 7-9; the drain pressure reducing hole 7-12 is arranged along the filter cloth flushing pipe 7-4 above and below and on the back water side to drain water into the filter unit structure 7-2.

[0032] In this embodiment, the percolation path of pressurized turbid water is as follows: the water flows through the water passage 7-13 of the filter unit 7 and is filtered by the filter cloth 7-1, removing the mud and sand from the water passage 7-13 and depositing it in the sedimentation and flushing trough 7-3 at the bottom of the cavity; the clean water passing through the filter cloth 7-1 then enters the filter unit structure 7-2, reducing pressure and causing leakage; in order to prevent the structure of the filter unit 7 from deforming and being damaged under pressure, a permeable support wall 6-6 is set between the two units, which can balance the horizontal pressure of the two units and expand the seepage cross-section, reduce the seepage pressure, and form a low-pressure seepage flow; the seepage water enters the collection tank 8 through the water passage 8-2 on the top plate 8-1 of the collection tank. The filter cloth flushing pipe 7-4 uses shock waves to flush the mud and sand adhering to the filter cloth 7-1 on the upstream side. When water from the turbid water area 1 enters the filter cloth flushing pipe 7-4 through the filter cloth 7-1 and the water inlet flushing hole 7-6, the flushing pipe gradually fills with water and becomes pressurized. Due to the high water level, the water pressure inside the filter cloth flushing pipe 7-4 continuously increases during the continuous water intake process. As a result, the pressurized water pushes the piston valve plate 7-7 along the guide rail 7-9 to compress the springs 7-8 on both sides. During this process, the springs 7-8 store energy. As the springs 7-8 are continuously compressed, the piston valve plate 7-7 passes the drain pressure relief hole. At 7-12 o'clock, due to the pressure difference, the water in the filter cloth flushing pipe 7-4 is discharged through the drain pressure reducing hole 7-12 and enters the water filter unit structure 7-2. At this time, the water pressure in the filter cloth flushing pipe 7-4 drops instantaneously, the spring 7-8 releases energy and drives the piston valve plate 7-7 to rebound, and the water flow in the filter cloth flushing pipe 7-4 flows back in the opposite direction, causing the water in the filter cloth flushing pipe 7-4 to be compressed towards the middle area of ​​the pipe, generating a shock wave and a sudden increase in pressure. This causes the water flow in the filter cloth flushing pipe 7-4 to be quickly ejected from the water inlet flushing hole 7-6, flushing the filter cloth 7-1, and causing the mud and sand adsorbed on the filter cloth 7-1 to fall into the water in the water filter unit 7. Subsequently, the shock wave pressure quickly decreases. Under the action of water pressure within the filtration unit 7, the water in the filtration unit 7 passes through the filter cloth 7-1 and enters the filter cloth flushing pipe 7-4 through the inlet flushing hole 7-6, causing the pressure inside to continuously increase. This drives the piston valve plate 7-7 to move further away and compresses the spring 7-8 to store energy. Until the piston valve plate 7-7 passes the drain pressure relief hole 7-12, the filter cloth flushing pipe 7-4 begins to drain and depressurize again, and the spring 7-8 rebounds to release energy, generating a shock wave. During the repeated compression and rebound of the spring 7-8 and the piston valve plate 7-7, shock waves are repeatedly generated to flush the filter cloth 7-1, forming an automatic filter cloth silt flushing mechanism. When a certain amount of silt has accumulated in the arc-shaped sediment flushing trough 7-3 within the filtration unit 7, the flushing pipe control valve 9-1 can be opened to flush the silt deposited in the arc-shaped sediment flushing trough 7-3 through the flushing pipe 9 to the downstream of the turbid water area 1. The water filtration unit 7 can operate in groups, controlled by the water inlet system 3 and the water intake and discharge control system 5. One group performs water filtration and intake operations, while the other group performs sand flushing or maintenance operations.Where water conditions permit, sludge flushing and desilting operations can be carried out simultaneously with water filtration and intake operations. The technical approach to controlling the sand content in the leachate is to control the sand particle size through filter cloth 7-1. The number of filtration units 7 can be designed to be several based on the amount of clean water intake. A collection tank 8 is located between the lower part of the filtration unit 7 and the bottom of the supporting structure 6, including a collection tank support column 8-3 installed at the bottom of the supporting structure 6. The top plate 8-1 of the collection tank is supported by the collection tank support column 8-3 and supports the filtration unit 7. The function of the collection tank 8 is to store the leachate. The collection tank 8 is equipped with a clean water intake port and connected to a clean water intake pipe.

[0033] In this embodiment, the water intake and discharge control system 5 mainly consists of a sand flushing pipe control valve 9-1 and its connected sand flushing pipe 9, a turbid water period clear water intake pipe control valve 11-1 and its connected turbid water period clear water intake pipe 11, and a non-flood season raw water intake pipe control valve 10-1 and its connected raw water intake pipe 10. The upstream of the sand flushing pipe control valve 9-1 is connected to the inner cavity of the water filter unit 7. When it is closed, the water filter unit 7 performs infiltration. When there is siltation at the bottom of the water filter unit 7 that needs to be removed, the sand flushing pipe control valve 9-1 is opened to discharge the silt through the downstream sand flushing pipe 9 into the downstream river channel of the water-retaining structure 2, which is efficient and fast. The raw water intake pipe control valve 10-1 is located upstream of the sand flushing pipe control valve 9-1. During the flood season, when the water area is turbid (1) and the filtration unit 7 is filtering water, this valve is closed. However, during the non-flood season, when the water in the water does not contain sediment or has very low sediment content, which meets the user's requirements, the water in the cavity of the filtration unit 7 can be directly supplied to the user by opening the raw water intake pipe control valve 10-1. The filtered clear water is stored in the collection tank 8. During the turbid water season, the clear water intake pipe control valve 11-1 is connected to the upstream collection tank 8, and clear water can be supplied to the user through the clear water intake pipe 11 during the turbid water season.

[0034] Among them, see Figure 10 During the flood season, the water quality in the water area is turbid. At this time, the raw water intake pipe control valve 10-1 and the sand flushing pipe control valve 9-1 are closed, and the water inlet system 3 is opened. The turbid water enters the filtration system 4, filling the filtration unit 7. At this time, the water flow velocity in the unit slows down and approaches stillness. The density of the sediment particles is greater than that of water. Under the action of gravity, they will overcome the buoyancy of the water and the water flow resistance, and gradually sink downwards, entering the sedimentation and flushing trough 7-3. The water then enters the collection tank 8 through the filter cloths on both sides 7-1, the filtration unit structures on both sides 7-2, and the permeable support wall 6-6. At this time, the collection tank 8 contains clear water. The clear water intake pipe control valve 11-1 for the turbid water period is opened, and water is supplied to users through the clear water intake pipe 11 for the turbid water period.

[0035] When the water quality in the non-flood season meets the water supply requirements, the inlet system 3 is opened, and turbid water enters the filtration system 4. At this time, the sand flushing pipe control valve 9-1 is closed, and the raw water intake pipe control valve 10-1 is opened. The filtration system 4 no longer operates, and the raw water is directly supplied to the water user through the filtration unit 7 and the raw water intake pipe 10. During the turbid water season, the clear water intake pipe control valve 11-1 can be opened or closed. When it is open, it can supply users with both raw water and filtered clear water.

[0036] After a flood season (a flood) or after the water filtration system 4 has been running for a period of time, a lot of silt accumulates in the water filtration unit 7 of the water filtration system 4. At this time, the control valve 11-1 of the clear water intake pipe and the control valve 10-1 of the raw water intake pipe are closed, and the control valve 9-1 of the flushing pipe is opened to flush the sand. The water flow carries the silt in the water filtration unit 7 into the downstream river channel through the flushing pipe 9, achieving the effect of flushing the sand.

[0037] Example 2: In this embodiment, as Figure 11-15 As shown, the main structure is similar to that of Embodiment 1, except that the first filtration system segment 4-1, the second filtration system segment 4-2, and the third filtration system segment 4-3 are different segments of the filtration system 4 (there can be multiple segments, three are shown in the figure), mainly to meet the needs of different users; support columns 6-4 are set between different filtration system segments, and at this time, the support columns 6-4 also serve as filter cloth partition columns to ensure that the filtered water does not mix within the filtration unit structure 7-2 and the permeable support wall 6-6. The lower part of the filter cloth partition column is connected to the partition wall 8-4. The filtration units 7 of different filtration system segments are inlaid with filter cloths 7-1 of different specifications, such as the first filter cloth 7-1-1, the second filter cloth 7-1-2, and the third filter cloth 7-1-3. The first filter cloth 7-1-1, the second filter cloth 7-1-2, and the third filter cloth 7-1-3 can filter silt of different particle sizes. The number of filter cloths 7-1 is related to the number of filtration units. The system is segmented and matched; the partition wall 8-4 can divide the unpressurized water collection tank 8 into several independent sub-collection tanks 8-5, corresponding to the water filtration system segments; the water intake and discharge control system 5 includes the wall 5-1, the sand flushing pipe 9 and the sand flushing pipe control valve 9-1 installed on it, the raw water intake pipe 10 and the raw water intake pipe control valve 10-1 installed on it, the turbid water period clear water intake pipe 11 and the turbid water period clear water intake pipe control valve 11-1 installed on it, the second turbid water period clear water intake pipe 12 and the second turbid water period clear water intake pipe control valve 12-1 installed on it, and the third turbid water period clear water intake pipe 13 and the third turbid water period clear water intake pipe control valve 13-1 installed on it. Each control valve is installed on the inside of the wall 5-1. The number of water intake pipes and water intake pipe control valves should be the same as the number of water filtration system segments. Both are mainly used to take clear water with different sand particle sizes or sand content after infiltration by the water filtration system 4.

[0038] Similarly, if water users measure the particle size (d) of sand in the water...min There are requirements, or water users have requirements regarding the sand content (S) in the water. 需 If there are requirements, you can also refer to the specific implementation method in Example 1.

[0039] Furthermore, if downstream water users have different requirements for the sediment content and particle size of the water, such as industrial water supply having different requirements for sediment content and particle size depending on the process, irrigation water having higher requirements for sediment content, and domestic water having lower requirements for sediment content, then the filtration system 4 can be divided into several sections for filtering turbid water according to the specific requirements of the water supply users. The filter cloth 7-1 in the filtration unit 7 is arranged according to the requirements for sediment content and particle size. The corresponding collection tank 8 is also divided into several closed sections, each of which can infiltrate to obtain clean water with different sediment content and particle size specifications to meet the requirements of different water users. For example, as follows: Figure 11-14 The segmentation shown is illustrated in 3 segments. In the first water filtration system segment 4-1, the first filter cloth 7-1-1 is installed. The requirement is that the sand content of the water passing through the first filter cloth 7-1-1 must not exceed 10g / m³. 3 Alternatively, the particle size of the sediment must not exceed 0.01 mm; a second filter cloth 7-1-2 shall be installed in section 4-2 of the second filtration system, and the sediment content of the water passing through the second filter cloth 7-1-2 shall not exceed 50 g / m³. 3 Alternatively, the particle size of the sediment must not exceed 0.1 mm; a third filter cloth 7-1-3 shall be installed in section 4-3 of the third filtration system, and the sediment content of the water passing through the third filter cloth 7-1-3 shall not exceed 100 g / m³. 3 Alternatively, the sediment particle size must not exceed 0.5mm. The collection tank 8 is divided into three sections based on the filter cloth arrangement. The clear water intake pipe 11 for the turbid water period, the clear water intake pipe 12 for the second turbid water period, and the clear water intake pipe 13 for the third turbid water period can supply different water users through the clear water intake pipe control valves 11-1 (turbid water period), 12-1 (second turbid water period), and 13-1 (third turbid water period). That is, by adjusting the ratio of filter cloth specifications in different closed sections within the water passage chamber 7-13, the clear water intake ratio for different users can be adjusted.

[0040] Example 3: In this embodiment, as Figure 16 As shown, the main structure is similar to that of Embodiment 1. The water intake and discharge control system 5, the water inlet system 3, and the water filtration system 4 have essentially the same structural composition and function as in Embodiment 1. The difference is that this structure is not arranged in conjunction with the water-retaining structure 2, but rather integrated with the upstream bank slope of the turbid water area 1, specifically for water areas without a water-retaining structure 2. Specifically, the water inlet system 3 is located in the turbid water area 1, the water filtration system 4 is located at a certain elevation on the underwater bank slope of the turbid water area 1, and the water intake and discharge control system 5 is located on the downstream riverbank slope.

[0041] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A structure for extracting clear water from turbid water areas, located between an upstream turbid water area (1) and a downstream river channel, characterized in that, It includes a water intake and discharge control system (5), a water intake system (3), and a water filtration system (4) that can control the particle size and sand content of sand within a certain range. The upper part of the water intake system (3) is provided with an inlet connected to the turbid water area (1), and the bottom is connected to the input end of the water filtration system (4). The output end of the water filtration system (4) is connected to the input end of the water intake and discharge control system (5). The water filtration system (4) discharges the filtered sediment to the downstream river channel.

2. The structure for extracting clear water from turbid water as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The water filtration system (4) includes a support structure (6), a water filtration unit (7) installed on the support structure (6), and a water collection tank (8). The water filtration unit (7) includes a water passage cavity (7-13) and a filter cloth (7-1). The filter cloth (7-1) is provided on the side of the water passage cavity (7-13) connected to the water inlet system (3). Turbid water in the water passage cavity (7-13) enters the water collection tank (8) after being filtered by the filter cloth (7-1). The water collection tank (8) is connected to the water intake and discharge control system (5).

3. The structure for extracting clear water from turbid water area according to claim 2, characterized in that, The water filtration unit (7) also includes a water filtration unit structure (7-2). The support structure (6) includes a foundation (6-2) and side walls (6-1) at both ends of the foundation (6-2). The water collection tank (8) includes a water collection tank top plate (8-1) and water collection tank support columns (8-3) that support the water collection tank top plate (8-1) above the foundation (6-2). Support columns (6-4) are arranged at intervals along the length of the water passage cavity (7-13) on the water collection tank top plate (8-1). The water filtration unit structure (7-2) is arranged between the support columns (6-4). The water collection tank top plate (8-1) is provided with water passage holes (8-2) connected to the water filtration unit structure (7-2). The filter cloth (7-1) covers the side of the water filtration unit structure (7-2) near the water passage cavity (7-13).

4. The structure for extracting clear water from turbid water area according to claim 3, characterized in that, A support beam (6-5) is provided at the top of the support column (6-4). A permeable support wall (6-6) is provided between the support columns (6-4) along the length of the water passage cavity (7-13). The water filter unit structure (7-2) is located between the permeable support wall (6-6) and the filter cloth (7-1). The upper part of the filter cloth (7-1) is fixed on the support beam (6-5), and the lower part covers one side of the water filter unit structure (7-2). The top of the permeable support wall (6-6) extends to the support beam (6-5), and the bottom extends to the top plate (8-1) of the water collection tank and is connected to the water passage hole (8-2).

5. The structure for extracting clear water from turbid water area according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom of the water passage cavity (7-13) is provided with a sand settling and flushing trough (7-3), and the top of the water passage cavity (7-13) is provided with a support top (6-3). The support top (6-3) is connected to the support beam (6-5) of the adjacent water passage cavity (7-13).

6. The structure for extracting clear water from turbid water area according to claim 3, characterized in that, The filter unit structure (7-2) is provided with a filter cloth flushing pipe (7-4). The filter cloth flushing pipe (7-4) is provided with a water inlet flushing hole (7-6) near the filter cloth (7-1) for forward water intake and reverse water flushing of the filter cloth (7-1). Both ends of the filter cloth flushing pipe (7-4) are fixed on the support column (6-4).

7. The structure for extracting clear water from turbid water area according to claim 6, characterized in that, The filter cloth rinsing pipe (7-4) is provided with a drain pressure reducing hole (7-12) facing the water filtration unit structure (7-2). The filter cloth rinsing pipe (7-4) is provided with a piston valve plate (7-7) and a spring (7-8). The piston valve plate (7-7) is located between the drain pressure reducing hole (7-12) and the water inlet rinsing hole (7-6) and is slidably sealed to the inner wall of the filter cloth rinsing pipe (7-4). The spring (7-8) abuts against the inner wall between the piston valve plate (7-7) and the end (7-5) of the filter cloth rinsing pipe (7-4). When the water pressure drives the piston valve plate (7-7) to release pressure through the drain pressure reducing hole (7-12), the piston valve plate (7-7) drives the water flow in the opposite direction to clean the filter cloth (7-1) through the water inlet rinsing hole (7-6).

8. The structure for extracting clear water from turbid water area according to claim 7, characterized in that, The filter cloth rinsing pipe (7-4) is also provided with a guide rail (7-9), a baffle (7-10), and a guide rail bracket (7-11). The guide rail bracket (7-11) is installed on the baffle (7-10). The spring (7-8) is sleeved on the guide rail (7-9). One end of the guide rail (7-9) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the end (7-5) of the filter cloth rinsing pipe (7-4), and the other end is fixedly connected to the guide rail bracket (7-11). The valve plate hole of the piston valve plate (7-7) is in sealed sliding contact with the guide rail (7-9).

9. The structure for extracting clear water from turbid water areas according to any one of claims 2-8, characterized in that, The water intake and discharge control system (5) includes a turbid water intake pipe (11), a raw water intake pipe (10), and a sand flushing pipe (9). The turbid water intake pipe (11) is connected to the water collection tank (8). The turbid water intake pipe (11) is equipped with a turbid water intake pipe control valve (11-1). The raw water intake pipe (10) is connected to the water passage chamber (7-13). The raw water intake pipe (10) is equipped with a raw water intake pipe control valve (10-1). The sand flushing pipe (9) is connected to the water passage chamber (7-13). The sand flushing pipe (9) is equipped with a sand flushing pipe control valve (9-1).

10. The structure for extracting clear water from turbid water areas according to any one of claims 2-8, characterized in that, The water collection pool (8) is divided into multiple sub-collection pools (8-5) by multiple partition walls (8-4). The water filtration unit (7) is equipped with filter cloths (7-1) of different specifications corresponding to the sub-collection pools (8-5). Turbid water enters the corresponding sub-collection pool (8-5) after being filtered by filter cloths (7-1) of different specifications to meet the different requirements of different users for sand particle size or sand content.

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