Hybrid magnetic bearing and magnetic suspension motor

Abstract

The invention discloses a hybrid magnetic bearing and a magnetic suspension motor, and relates to the technical field of bearings. A first bearing seat of the hybrid magnetic bearing comprises a first seat body and an extending part, a first interval is formed between a cover plate of the first bearing seat and the extending part, and a second interval is formed between the extending part and connecting teeth of a second bearing seat; a first coil and a second coil of the hybrid magnetic bearing are arranged outside a rotating shaft in a sleeving mode, the first coil and the second coil are arranged on a first interval and a second interval respectively, and a third coil is arranged on a connecting tooth in a sleeving mode, so that the magnetic suspension bearing can form axial magnetic flux and axial bearing force through a permanent magnet, the first coil and the second coil; radial magnetic flux and radial bearing force can be formed through the permanent magnet and the third coil; the first coil and the second coil are configured to form magnetic fluxes in opposite directions on the second bearing seat, so that axial magnetic fluxes formed by the first coil and the second coil are minimized or counteracted on the second bearing seat, coupling of the axial magnetic fluxes and the radial magnetic fluxes on the second bearing seat is reduced, and the radial bearing capacity is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of bearing technology, and in particular to a hybrid magnetic bearing and a magnetic levitation motor. Background Technology

[0002] Magnetic bearings are bearing devices that use magnetic force to achieve contactless levitation of the rotor. They have the characteristics of no mechanical friction, no lubrication required, and low energy consumption.

[0003] Magnetic levitation bearings can be classified according to the controlled degrees of freedom applied to the levitation rotor. Additionally, they can be classified according to the method of generating magnetic levitation force, specifically into active magnetic bearings, passive magnetic bearings, and hybrid magnetic bearings. Active magnetic bearings require a power amplifier to provide magnetic flux for stable levitation, resulting in significant power loss and complex control. Passive magnetic bearings require no external energy or control, utilizing the inherent magnetic field of magnets or superconducting materials to achieve self-stabilized levitation; however, their levitation is unstable, their load-bearing capacity is limited, and their damping characteristics are poor. Hybrid magnetic bearings utilize magnets and electromagnets to provide static levitation force and dynamic adjustment, resulting in low energy consumption, high reliability, and the ability to effectively shorten the axial length of the magnetic bearing, thereby increasing its load-bearing capacity; they are suitable for medium- and high-speed industrial equipment.

[0004] However, the load-bearing capacity of hybrid magnetic bearings needs to be further improved during their use. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this application is to propose a hybrid magnetic bearing and magnetic levitation motor to improve load-bearing capacity.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the hybrid magnetic bearing proposed in this application includes a cover plate, a first bearing housing, a permanent magnet, and a second bearing housing. The first bearing housing includes a first seat body connected to the bearing and a protruding portion extending radially along the shaft. The second bearing housing includes a second seat body connected to the bearing and a connecting tooth extending radially along the shaft. The cover plate, the first seat body, the permanent magnet, and the second seat body are sequentially connected along the axial direction of the shaft. Along the axial direction of the shaft, there is a first gap between the cover plate and the protruding portion, and a second gap between the protruding portion and the connecting tooth. A thrust disk on the shaft is at least partially disposed in the first gap. The hybrid magnetic bearing also includes a first coil, a second coil, and a third coil. The third coil is sleeved on the connecting tooth. The first coil and the second coil are respectively sleeved outside the shaft. The first coil is disposed in the first gap, and the second coil is disposed in the second gap. The first coil and the second coil are configured to form magnetic fluxes in opposite directions in the second bearing housing.

[0007] In some implementations, the first coil and the second coil are configured to form magnetic flux in the same direction between the protrusion and the thrust disk.

[0008] In some implementations, the protruding portion includes a radial segment connected to the side of the first seat facing the pivot, the radial segment extending radially along the pivot; along the axial direction of the pivot, the cover plate and the radial segment have a first gap, and the radial segment and the connecting tooth have a second gap.

[0009] In some implementations, the protruding portion further includes an axial segment connected to the radial segment on the side facing the connecting tooth, the axial segment extending axially along the shaft; the axial segment is spaced apart from the first seat, and the second coil is disposed within the gap between the axial segment and the first seat.

[0010] In some implementations, the first coil and the second coil are independently wound, with the wires of the first coil and the second coil wound in the same direction, and the first coil and the second coil are connected in series through their corresponding terminals; and / or, the first coil and the second coil are independently wound, with the wires of the first coil and the second coil wound in opposite directions, and the first coil and the second coil are connected in series through their opposite terminals; and / or, the first coil and the second coil are independently powered, and the first coil and the second coil are configured to form magnetic fluxes in opposite directions in the second bearing housing by the direction of the input current.

[0011] In some implementations, the first coil and the second coil are formed by sequentially winding a single wire around the axis of the rotating shaft, with the winding direction of the first coil being opposite to that of the second coil.

[0012] In some implementations, the number of turns of the first coil is greater than the number of turns of the second coil; and / or, the ratio of the number of turns of the first coil to the number of turns of the second coil is greater than or equal to 1.8 and less than or equal to 2.2.

[0013] In some implementations, there is a gap between the first coil and the thrust disk; and / or, there is a gap between the second coil and the third coil; and / or, in the radial direction of the shaft, the distance between the second coil and the shaft is greater than or equal to the distance between the protruding portion and the shaft.

[0014] In some implementations, the hybrid magnetic bearing is provided with multiple ventilation holes, which pass through the cover plate and the first bearing seat sequentially along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and are respectively connected to the first interval and the second interval.

[0015] In some implementations, the projection is made along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and the projected shape of the ventilation hole is fan-shaped, with the axis of the ventilation hole overlapping the axis of the rotating shaft.

[0016] In some implementations, the ratio of the outer radius of the ventilation hole to the outer radius of the cover plate is greater than or equal to 0.85 and less than or equal to 1; and / or, the outer radius of the ventilation hole is less than the outer radius of the first coil, and the inner radius of the ventilation hole is greater than the inner radius of the first coil.

[0017] In some implementations, the airflow entering from the vent has a minimum passage area at the second interval, and the sum of the areas of all the vents is greater than the minimum passage area.

[0018] This application also provides a magnetic levitation motor, which includes the above-mentioned hybrid magnetic bearing.

[0019] The technical solution of this application configures a hybrid magnetic bearing comprising a cover plate, a first bearing seat, a permanent magnet, and a second bearing seat. The first bearing seat includes a first base body connected to the bearing and a protruding portion extending radially along the shaft. The second bearing seat includes a second base body connected to the bearing and connecting teeth extending radially along the shaft. The cover plate, the first base body, the permanent magnet, and the second base body are sequentially connected along the axial direction of the shaft. Along the axial direction of the shaft, there is a first gap between the cover plate and the protruding portion, and a second gap between the protruding portion and the connecting teeth. A thrust disk on the shaft is at least partially disposed in the first gap. The hybrid magnetic bearing also includes a first coil, a second coil, and a third coil, with the third coil sleeved on the connecting teeth. The first coil and the second coil are respectively sleeved outside the shaft, with the first coil disposed in the first gap. The second coil is located at the second interval. The first and second coils are configured to form magnetic fluxes in opposite directions in the second bearing housing. Thus, the magnetic levitation bearing can form axial load-bearing force through the magnetic fluxes of the permanent magnet, the first coil, and the second coil as axial magnetic fluxes, and can form radial load-bearing force through the magnetic fluxes of the permanent magnet and the third coil as radial magnetic fluxes. The first and second coils can also be used to form magnetic fluxes in opposite directions in the second bearing housing, so that the axial magnetic flux formed by the second coil in the second bearing housing can minimize or cancel the axial magnetic flux formed by the first coil in the second bearing housing. This helps to reduce the coupling between axial and radial magnetic fluxes in the second bearing housing, thereby effectively reducing the interference of axial magnetic flux on radial electromagnetic adjustment and improving radial load-bearing force. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic flux of a hybrid magnetic bearing in a related technology; Figure 2 An exploded view of a partial structure of an embodiment of the hybrid magnetic bearing provided in this application; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a portion of the magnetic flux in an embodiment of the hybrid magnetic bearing provided in this application; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of another portion of the magnetic flux in an embodiment of the hybrid magnetic bearing provided in this application; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of another portion of the magnetic flux in an embodiment of the hybrid magnetic bearing provided in this application; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the overall magnetic flux of an embodiment of the hybrid magnetic bearing provided in this application; Figure 7 An axial view of a partial structure of an embodiment of the hybrid magnetic bearing provided in this application; Figure 8 An axial view of the ventilation hole in one embodiment of the hybrid magnetic bearing provided in this application; Figure 9 A schematic diagram showing the location of the ventilation holes in one embodiment of the hybrid magnetic bearing provided in this application.

[0022] Explanation of icon numbers: 101. First interval; 102. Second interval; 103. First axial air gap; 104. Second axial air gap; 105. Radial air gap; 110. Cover plate; 111. Ventilation hole; 120. First bearing housing; 121. First housing body; 122. Extended portion; 123. Radial segment; 124. Axial segment; 130. Permanent magnet; 131. Sub-magnetic segment; 140. Second bearing housing; 141. Second housing body; 142. Connecting teeth; 151. First coil; 152. Second coil; 153. Third coil; 210. Rotating shaft; 211. Magnetic conductive part; 220. Thrust disk.

[0023] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0025] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this application involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0026] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this application involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the use of "and / or" or "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution that simultaneously satisfies A and B. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0027] Magnetic bearings are bearing devices that use magnetic force to achieve contactless levitation of the rotor. They have the characteristics of no mechanical friction, no lubrication required, and low energy consumption.

[0028] Magnetic levitation bearings can be classified according to the controlled degrees of freedom applied to the levitation rotor. Additionally, they can be classified according to the method of generating magnetic levitation force, specifically into active magnetic bearings, passive magnetic bearings, and hybrid magnetic bearings. Active magnetic bearings require a power amplifier to provide magnetic flux for stable levitation, resulting in significant power loss and complex control. Passive magnetic bearings require no external energy or control, utilizing the inherent magnetic field of magnets or superconducting materials to achieve self-stabilized levitation; however, their levitation is unstable, their load-bearing capacity is limited, and their damping characteristics are poor. Hybrid magnetic bearings utilize magnets and electromagnets to provide static levitation force and dynamic adjustment, resulting in low energy consumption, high reliability, and the ability to effectively shorten the axial length of the magnetic bearing, thereby increasing its load-bearing capacity; they are suitable for medium- and high-speed industrial equipment.

[0029] However, the load-bearing capacity of hybrid magnetic bearings needs further improvement during use. For example, Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the magnetic flux of a hybrid magnetic bearing in the related technology is shown. In this related technology, the axial control magnetic flux circuit provided by the axial coil (corresponding to the thrust disk 220 on the left side of the figure) and the radial control magnetic flux circuit provided by the radial coil (located on the right side of the figure) share the radial rotor core and the radial stator core components (as shown on the right side of the shaft 210 in the figure). This situation will cause partial cancellation of the control magnetic circuit, resulting in the coupling of axial and radial load-bearing forces, thereby limiting the load-bearing capacity.

[0030] In view of this, this application proposes a hybrid magnetic bearing and a magnetic levitation motor to improve load-bearing capacity.

[0031] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 ,in Figure 2 An exploded view of a partial structure of the hybrid magnetic bearing according to one embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the magnetic flux of the hybrid magnetic bearing portion in this embodiment is shown; the magnetic levitation motor includes the hybrid magnetic bearing, and the magnetic levitation motor may also include a rotating shaft 210, on which a thrust disk 220 is provided. Furthermore, the magnetic levitation motor may also include a radial position sensor and an axial position sensor for the rotating shaft 210, and may also include contact bearings (such as ball bearings) as auxiliary bearings. It is understood that the magnetic levitation motor may also include components such as a motor stator and a motor housing.

[0032] The aforementioned hybrid magnetic bearing may include a cover plate 110, a first bearing housing 120, a permanent magnet 130, and a second bearing housing 140, wherein the permanent magnet 130 may be a magnetic steel, etc.; see reference Figure 2The cover plate 110 can be a circular plate with a through hole in the middle for the rotating shaft 210 to pass through, i.e., the cover plate 110 can be annular. The cover plate 110 can be connected to the first bearing seat 120 by fasteners such as screws, specifically to the first seat body 121 of the first bearing seat 120. The permanent magnet 130 can be a segmented magnet, for example, the permanent magnet 130 includes at least two independently formed sub-magnetic segments 131, each sub-magnetic segment 131 is arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 210, which can be understood as the sub-magnetic segments 131 being arranged in a ring (the permanent magnet 130 is correspondingly annular), thereby improving the overall manufacturing efficiency of the permanent magnet 130. Of course, the permanent magnet 130 can also adopt an integral structure, which can be determined according to the actual situation, and this specification does not limit this embodiment.

[0033] The first bearing housing 120 includes a first housing body 121 connected to the shaft 210 and a protruding portion 122 extending radially along the shaft 210. The first housing body 121 and the protruding portion 122 can be connected by welding, insertion, or integral molding. The second bearing housing 140 includes a second housing body 141 connected to the shaft 210 and connecting teeth 142 extending radially along the shaft 210. The second housing body 141 and the connecting teeth 142 can be connected by welding, insertion, or integral molding. (Refer to...) Figure 3 The aforementioned cover plate 110, first seat 121, permanent magnet 130, and second seat 141 are connected sequentially along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 210, for example in... Figure 3 The components are connected sequentially in the left and right directions. Specifically, they can be fixed using external shell structures or by bonding.

[0034] In this embodiment, the first base 121 can be an axially extending ring structure, and the protruding portion 122 can extend radially. The protruding portion 122 is used to cooperate with the first base 121 and the cover plate 110 to form a magnetic circuit. The shape and size of the protruding portion 122 can be designed according to requirements; for example, the cross-section of the protruding portion 122 can be a straight plate, a racetrack shape, or an L-shape. However, it should be noted that the radially extending length of the protruding portion 122 can be greater than the radially extending length of the second coil 152 described below, so as to better guide the magnetic flux between the protruding portions 122 and between the rotating shaft 210, thereby reducing magnetic leakage. The specific length difference can be designed according to actual conditions, and this embodiment does not limit it. Of course, the radially extending length of the protruding portion 122 can be greater than the radially extending length of the second coil 152. It can be understood that in the radial direction of the rotating shaft 210, the distance between the second coil 152 and the rotating shaft 210 is greater than or equal to the distance between the protruding portion 122 and the rotating shaft 210. Of course, the length of the extended portion 122 extending radially can also be less than the length of the second coil 152 extending radially, which can be understood as the second coil 152; in this case, the second coil 152 can also provide sufficient magnetic flux.

[0035] In this embodiment, the second seat 141 can be an axially extending ring structure. The second seat 141 can be provided with a plurality of connecting teeth 142, and the cross-section of the connecting teeth 142 can be set as a straight plate, a racetrack shape, or an L-shape, etc., which is not limited in this embodiment of the specification.

[0036] Furthermore, along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 210, for example along Figure 3 In the left-right direction, there may be a first gap 101 between the cover plate 110 and the protruding portion 122, and a second gap 102 between the protruding portion 122 and the connecting tooth 142. The thrust disk 220 on the rotating shaft 210 is at least partially disposed in the first gap 101. For example, the thrust disk 220 may be annular and sleeved on the rotating shaft 210, and the thrust disk 220 may extend from the rotating shaft 210 into the aforementioned first gap 101. The thrust disk 220 is fixed on the rotating shaft 210 and together with the permanent magnet 130 and the magnetic flux of the coil described below, forms an axial support structure.

[0037] In this embodiment, for the hybrid magnetic bearing, the cover plate 110, the first seat 121, the protruding portion 122, and the second seat 141 can each be annular, so that the rotating shaft 210 sequentially passes through the internal space of the cover plate 110, the internal space of the protruding portion 122, and the internal space of the second seat 141. Furthermore, for example... Figure 3 The rotating shaft 210 shown can be part of an integrated rotating shaft of a magnetic levitation motor or part of a split rotating shaft of a magnetic levitation motor. This embodiment does not limit it in this way.

[0038] The hybrid magnetic bearing may further include a first coil 151, a second coil 152, and a third coil 153, which can be formed by winding enameled wire or other conductors. The first coil 151 and the second coil 152 are respectively sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft 210. This can be understood as the axial direction of the first coil 151 and the axial direction of the second coil 152 being parallel to the axial direction of the rotating shaft 210. For example, the axial direction of the first coil 151, the axial direction of the second coil 152, and the axial direction of the rotating shaft 210 are respectively parallel to the axial direction of the rotating shaft 210. Figure 3 The coil is arranged in the left-right direction. The first coil 151 is located at the first interval 101, for example, it can be sleeved on the outside of the thrust plate 220 and spaced apart from the thrust plate 220; in addition, the second coil 152 is located at the second interval 102.

[0039] Specifically, a gap can be provided between the first coil 151 and the thrust plate 220, such as an axial gap and a radial gap, to help prevent damage to the first coil 151 from accidental impacts from the thrust plate 220. Furthermore, a gap can be provided between the second coil 152 and the third coil 153, such as an axial gap and a radial gap, to help prevent excessive magnetic field coupling due to close proximity, thereby helping to avoid disrupting the electromagnetic control relationship.

[0040] In some embodiments, the magnetic pole direction of the permanent magnet 130 can be set along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 210, for example, along... Figure 3 The permanent magnet 130 is arranged in the left-right direction; the magnetic pole direction of the permanent magnet 130 can be understood as the arrangement direction of the N pole and S pole of the permanent magnet 130. When the sub-magnetic segments 131 of the permanent magnet 130 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotation shaft 210, the magnetic pole direction of the sub-magnetic segments 131 of the permanent magnet 130 can also be set along the axial direction of the rotation shaft 210, for example, along... Figure 3 The left and right direction settings.

[0041] In some embodiments, the magnetic levitation motor can be configured to form opposite magnetic flux directions for the first coil 151 and the second coil 152. For example, the hybrid magnetic bearing can be configured to form opposite magnetic flux directions for the first coil 151 and the second coil 152, for example, by reversing the current direction or the winding direction of the coil wires. For example, the first coil 151 and the second coil 152 can be configured to form opposite magnetic flux directions in the second bearing housing 140.

[0042] On the other hand, the aforementioned third coil 153 can be sleeved on the connecting tooth 142, and the axial direction of the third coil 153 can be parallel to the radial direction of the rotating shaft 210, for example... Figure 3The axial direction of the third coil 153 is arranged along the vertical direction in the figure. In addition, the third coil 153 can be first wound on a frame, wherein the frame has mounting through holes; then the frame is sleeved on the connecting tooth 142. It can be understood that the third coil 153 can be indirectly sleeved on the connecting tooth 142 through the frame or other components; of course, the third coil 153 can also be directly sleeved on the connecting tooth 142, and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0043] In this embodiment, for the hybrid magnetic bearing, the rotating shaft 210 may further include a magnetically conductive portion 211, which may be formed of a magnetically conductive material such as silicon steel; the magnetically conductive portion 211 is disposed opposite to the third coil 153 in the radial direction of the rotating shaft 210, for example in... Figure 3 The magnetic conductors 211 and the magnetic flux of the third coil 153 are arranged opposite each other in the vertical direction, so that the magnetic conductors 211 and the magnetic flux of the third coil 153 interact to form a radial bearing force.

[0044] In some embodiments, the second bearing housing 140 may include at least two connecting teeth 142, which are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 210, and can be understood as being arranged in a ring. Correspondingly, the hybrid magnetic bearing may include at least two third coils 153, which are sleeved on the corresponding connecting teeth 142. For example, the second bearing housing 140 may include six (or eight, or other numbers) connecting teeth 142, and the hybrid magnetic bearing may include six (or eight, or other numbers) third coils 153, which may be sleeved on the connecting teeth 142 one-to-one.

[0045] In some embodiments, in order to guide the magnetic flux, the cover plate 110, the first seat 121, the protrusion 122, the second seat 141, the connecting tooth 142, and the thrust plate 220 may each be configured to be at least partially made of a magnetically conductive material, for example, partially or entirely made of a magnetically conductive material, such as silicon steel.

[0046] In addition, refer to Figure 3 Along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 210, for example along Figure 3 In the left-right direction, there is a first axial air gap 103 between the cover plate 110 and the thrust plate 220, and a second axial air gap 104 between the thrust plate 220 and the protruding portion 122, which can be used to form axial support force; correspondingly, the aforementioned first bearing seat 120 can be understood as an axial bearing seat. Furthermore, along the radial direction of the rotating shaft 210, for example along... Figure 3 In the vertical direction, there is a radial air gap 105 between the connecting tooth 142 and the rotating shaft 210, which can be used to form a radial support force; correspondingly, the second bearing seat 140 can be understood as a radial bearing seat.

[0047] In one embodiment, the magnetic levitation motor may include two second bearing seats 140 (which can be understood as radial bearing seats); the two second bearing seats 140 are respectively disposed at both ends of the rotating shaft 210, which can be understood as the two ends of the rotating shaft 210 being respectively provided with radial bearing seats, thereby improving support stability; for each second bearing seat 140, the third coil 153 is sleeved on the connecting tooth 142.

[0048] Based on the above description, when using the hybrid magnetic bearing in the above embodiment, it should be combined with the above embodiment. Figure 3 The schematic diagram shown includes a portion of the magnetic flux (specifically, the magnetic flux loop of permanent magnet 130 and a portion of the magnetic flux loop of third coil 153). Permanent magnet 130 provides two bias magnetic fluxes. One flux originates from the N pole, passes through the first bearing housing 120's first seat 121, cover plate 110, first axial air gap 103, thrust disk 220, rotating shaft 210, magnetically conductive portion 211, radial air gap 105, and second bearing housing 140, returning to the S pole of permanent magnet 130. The other flux originates from the N pole, passes through the extended portion 122 of first bearing housing 120, second axial air gap 104, thrust disk 220, rotating shaft 210, magnetically conductive portion 211, radial air gap 105, and second bearing housing 140, returning to the S pole of permanent magnet 130. Furthermore, the third coil 153 applies current to provide radial control magnetic flux, which forms a loop through magnetically conductive portion 211, radial air gap 105, and second bearing housing 140.

[0049] In addition, combined Figure 4 The schematic diagram of another part of the magnetic flux shown (specifically the magnetic flux circuit of the first coil 151) shows that the first coil 151 applies current excitation to provide axial control magnetic flux, which forms a circuit through the thrust disk 220, the first axial air gap 103, the cover plate 110, the first seat 121 of the first bearing seat 120, the second bearing seat 140, the radial air gap 105, the magnetic conductive part 211, and the rotating shaft 210.

[0050] Combination Figure 5The schematic diagram of another part of the magnetic flux shown (specifically, the magnetic flux loop of the second coil 152) shows that the second coil 152 applies current excitation to provide compensation control magnetic flux. This compensation control magnetic flux forms a loop through the protruding portion 122 of the first bearing housing 120, the second axial air gap 104, the thrust disk 220, the rotating shaft 210, the magnetically conductive portion 211, the radial air gap 105, and the second bearing housing 140. Referring to the magnetic flux loop of the first coil 151 described above, it can be understood that the first coil 151 and the second coil 152 can be configured to form magnetic flux in the same direction between the protruding portion 122 and the thrust disk 220. That is, the axial magnetic flux formed by the first coil 151 between the protruding portion 122 and the thrust disk 220, and the axial magnetic flux formed by the second coil 152 between the protruding portion 122 and the thrust disk 220, are in the same direction. This helps to enhance the axial magnetic flux between the protruding portion 122 and the thrust disk 220, thereby enhancing the axial load-bearing capacity.

[0051] The magnetic levitation motor can also be configured such that the ratio of the ampere-turns of the first coil 151 to the ampere-turns of the second coil 152 is greater than or equal to 1.8 and less than or equal to 2.2, preferably 1.9-2.1. This is beneficial for making the axial load-bearing capacity in the positive and negative directions equal or similar. This can be understood as facilitating more accurate dynamic compensation of disturbances by using the axial control flux of the first coil 151 and the compensating control flux of the second coil 152, given the static flux provided by the permanent magnet 130. For example, the ratio of the ampere-turns of the first coil 151 to the ampere-turns of the second coil 152 can be 1.8, 1.9, 2, 2.1, or 2.2, etc., and the specific ratio can be determined according to the actual situation. This specification does not limit this in the embodiments. For example, to further make the axial load-bearing capacity in the positive and negative directions equal or similar, the ratio of the ampere-turns of the first coil 151 to the ampere-turns of the second coil 152 can be 1.9-2.1. Among them, ampere-turns can characterize magnetomotive force, and ampere-turns can be composed of the product of the number of turns of the coil wire and the current.

[0052] Therefore, combined Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the overall magnetic flux shows that when the bias magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 130 and the radial control magnetic flux of the third coil 153 act simultaneously, the hybrid magnetic bearing generates radial load-bearing force; that is, the magnetic levitation bearing can form radial load-bearing force by using the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 130 and the magnetic flux of the third coil 153 as radial magnetic flux. When the bias magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 130 acts simultaneously with the axial control magnetic flux of the first coil 151 and the compensating control magnetic flux of the second coil 152, the hybrid magnetic bearing generates axial load-bearing force; that is, the magnetic levitation bearing can form axial load-bearing force by using the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 130, the magnetic flux of the first coil 151, and the magnetic flux of the second coil 152 as axial magnetic flux.

[0053] In addition, referring to the above explanation and Figure 4 and Figure 5 It can be understood that the first coil 151 and the second coil 152 can also be used to form magnetic fluxes in opposite directions in the second bearing housing 140 (it can be understood that the first coil 151 and the second coil 152 provide a structure for forming magnetic fluxes in opposite directions, and the axial magnetic flux formed by the first coil 151 in the second bearing housing 140 and the axial magnetic flux formed by the second coil 152 in the second bearing housing 140 are in opposite directions), for example, forming Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the overall magnetic flux shown allows the axial magnetic flux formed by the second coil 152 on the second bearing housing 140 to be minimized or canceled by the axial magnetic flux formed by the first coil 151 on the second bearing housing 140. This can be understood as the axial magnetic flux formed by the second coil 152 on the second bearing housing 140 and the axial magnetic flux formed by the first coil 151 on the second bearing housing 140 being canceled or minimized. This helps to reduce the coupling between the axial magnetic flux (corresponding to the first coil 151 and the second coil 152) and the radial magnetic flux (corresponding to the third coil 153) on the second bearing housing 140, thereby effectively reducing the interference of the axial magnetic flux (corresponding to the first coil 151 and the second coil 152) on the radial electromagnetic adjustment (corresponding to the third coil 153), which is beneficial to improving the radial bearing capacity.

[0054] Furthermore, with second bearing seats 140 provided at both ends of the two rotating shafts 210, the above-described embodiment also helps to make the bearing capacity of the rotating shafts 210 at both ends equal or close, thereby facilitating the stable operation of the magnetic levitation motor.

[0055] In some implementations, refer to Figure 6 The protruding portion 122 may include a radial segment 123, which is connected to the side of the first base 121 facing the rotating shaft 210. The radial segment 123 extends radially along the rotating shaft 210. Along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 210, there is a first gap 101 between the cover plate 110 and the radial segment 123, and a second gap 102 between the radial segment 123 and the connecting tooth 142, thereby achieving magnetic flux guidance through the radial segment 123. The radial segment 123 can be understood as a structure extending radially along the rotating shaft 210.

[0056] In some implementations, refer to Figure 6 The protruding portion 122 may further include a radial segment 123 and an axial segment 124, with the axial segment 124 connected to the radial segment 123 on the side facing the connecting tooth 142, for example, connected to the right or left side of the radial segment 123 in the figure; wherein, the axial segment 124 can be understood as a structure extending axially along the shaft 210. Furthermore, the protruding portion 122 may be L-shaped by the aforementioned connected radial segment 123 and axial segment 124.

[0057] The axial segment 124 is spaced apart from the first seat 121, for example along... Figure 6 The first bearing housing 120 is spaced vertically. Correspondingly, the second coil 152 is located within the gap between the axial section 124 and the first housing 121, allowing the magnetic flux of the second coil 152 to be better guided by the radial section 123 and the axial section 124, thereby reducing magnetic leakage. Furthermore, the second coil 152 can be placed more stably on the protruding portion 122. On the other hand, the second coil 152 can make fuller use of the internal space of the first bearing housing 120, which helps to shorten the axial length of the hybrid magnetic bearing and reduce its volume. The first housing 121, the radial section 123, and the axial section 124 can be connected and fixed using methods such as snap-fitting, bonding, or external component fixing.

[0058] In some embodiments, the radial segment 123 and the axial segment 124 of the protruding portion 122 are respectively configured to be at least partially made of a magnetically conductive material, for example, they can be made entirely of a magnetically conductive material, such as silicon steel, so as to better conduct magnetism.

[0059] In some embodiments, the first coil 151 and the second coil 152 can be formed by sequentially winding a single wire around the axis of the rotating shaft, wherein the winding direction of the wire of the first coil 151 is opposite to the winding direction of the wire of the second coil 152, for example, their winding directions are left-handed and right-handed, which facilitates the convenient and quick generation of magnetic flux in opposite directions by the first coil 151 and the second coil 152.

[0060] In some embodiments, the first coil 151 and the second coil 152 can be wound independently; wherein, the winding direction of the wires of the first coil 151 and the second coil 152 can be the same, for example, both are left-handed (or right-handed); in addition, the first coil 151 and the second coil 152 are connected in series through the same-named ends, for example, it can be a first-tail-tail-first or tail-first-tail connection, which is beneficial to conveniently and quickly generate magnetic flux in opposite directions between the first coil 151 and the second coil 152.

[0061] In some embodiments, the first coil 151 and the second coil 152 can be wound independently; wherein, the winding directions of the wires of the first coil 151 and the second coil 152 can be opposite, for example, their winding directions are left-handed and right-handed respectively; in addition, the first coil 151 and the second coil 152 are connected in series through opposite ends, for example, it can be a head-tail-head-tail or tail-head-tail-head connection, which is beneficial to conveniently and quickly generate magnetic flux in opposite directions between the first coil 151 and the second coil 152.

[0062] Of course, the first coil 151 and the second coil 152 can also be powered independently of each other; in addition, the first coil 151 and the second coil 152 are configured to form magnetic fluxes in opposite directions in the second bearing housing 140 by the direction of the input current, wherein the required current direction can be determined by obtaining the winding direction of the wires of the first coil 151 and the second coil 152, thereby facilitating the convenient and quick generation of magnetic fluxes in opposite directions between the first coil 151 and the second coil 152.

[0063] In some embodiments, the number of turns of the wire in the first coil 151 is greater than the number of turns of the wire in the second coil 152, thereby enabling the ampere-turns of the first coil 151 to be greater than the ampere-turns of the second coil 152 when the current is equal, which is beneficial to make the axial bearing capacity in the positive and negative directions equal or similar.

[0064] In some embodiments, the ratio of the number of turns of the wire in the first coil 151 to the number of turns of the wire in the second coil 152 is greater than or equal to 1.8 and less than or equal to 2.2, for example, 1.8, 1.9, 2, 2.1, 2.2. This allows the ampere-turns of the first coil 151 to be greater than the ampere-turns of the second coil 152 when the current is equal, thereby facilitating the equal or similar axial bearing capacity in the positive and negative directions.

[0065] In some embodiments, the dimension of the first axial air gap 103 in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 210 (e.g.) Figure 6 The dimensions in the left-right direction), and the dimensions of the second axial air gap 104 in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 210 (e.g., the ...). Figure 6 The ratio of the dimensions in the left and right directions is greater than or equal to 0.8 and less than or equal to 1.2, which helps to make the axial bearing capacity in the positive and negative directions equal or similar.

[0066] In some implementations, refer to Figure 2 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 ,in Figure 7 An axial view of a partial structure of the hybrid magnetic bearing in this embodiment is shown, which can be understood as a view projected along the axial direction of the aforementioned rotating shaft 210; furthermore, Figure 8 An axial view of the ventilation hole 111 in this embodiment is shown, which can be understood as a projection view of the ventilation hole 111 along the axial direction of the aforementioned rotating shaft 210; the hybrid magnetic bearing is provided with a ventilation hole 111, which passes through the cover plate 110 and the first bearing seat 120 in sequence along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 210, thereby extending to the aforementioned permanent magnet 130, and the ventilation hole 111 is connected to the first interval 101 and the second interval 102 respectively.

[0067] Reference Figure 7Airflow can flow into the ventilation hole 111 along the direction of the dotted arrow in the figure; furthermore, the airflow after entering the ventilation hole 111 can continue to flow backward through the gap between the aforementioned rotating shaft 210 and the second bearing seat 140. The ventilation hole 111 can be formed by methods such as stamping, tooling, or casting. Furthermore, the ventilation hole 111 can include a first hole section in the cover plate 110 and a second hole section in the first bearing seat 120, specifically the second hole section being disposed on the first seat body 121 of the first bearing seat 120; during the assembly process of the cover plate 110 and the first bearing seat 120, the first hole section and the second hole section are aligned to form the ventilation hole 111.

[0068] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 9 As shown, where Figure 9 The diagram shows the location of the ventilation hole 111 in this embodiment; the heat dissipation channel corresponding to the ventilation hole 111 passes through the first coil 151 in the first interval 101, the second coil 152 in the second interval 102, the permanent magnet 130 and the third coil 153, which helps to improve the heat dissipation performance of the hybrid magnetic bearing.

[0069] The hybrid magnetic bearing may have at least one of the ventilation holes 111, for example, at least two ventilation holes 111, or multiple ventilation holes 111. Figure 7 The bearing has four ventilation holes 111, and these ventilation holes 111 can be spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 210, which facilitates more uniform heat dissipation from the hybrid magnetic bearing. In addition, the presence of ventilation holes 111 in the hybrid magnetic bearing also helps to reduce the weight and manufacturing cost of the hybrid magnetic bearing by utilizing the hollowed-out form of the ventilation holes 111.

[0070] In some implementations, refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 Projecting along the axial direction of the rotation axis 210, for example, projecting to obtain Figure 7 , Figure 8 From the corresponding perspective, the projected shape of the ventilation hole 111 is fan-shaped, and the axis of the ventilation hole 111 overlaps with the axis of the rotating shaft 210, which can be understood as a coaxial arrangement. For example, refer to... Figure 8 As shown, the fan shape obtained by projecting the ventilation hole 111 along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 210 has an inner radius R1, an outer radius R2, and an opening radius θ.

[0071] In this embodiment, since the first coil 151, the second coil 152, and the permanent magnet 130 are arranged in a ring, and the third coils 153 are arranged in a ring, the projection of the ventilation hole 111 is set to a fan shape and the axis overlaps with the axis of the rotating shaft 210, thereby better aligning the first coil 151, the second coil 152, the permanent magnet 130, and the ring-arranged third coils 153, which is beneficial to improving the heat dissipation capacity of the first coil 151, the second coil 152, the permanent magnet 130, and the third coil 153.

[0072] In some embodiments, the ratio of the outer radius R2 of the ventilation hole 111 to the outer radius of the cover plate 110 is greater than or equal to 0.85 and less than or equal to 1, thereby allowing the airflow within the ventilation hole 111 to be closer to the first coil 151, the second coil 152, the permanent magnet 130, and the third coil 153, thus further improving heat dissipation capacity. Furthermore, the ratio of the outer radius R2 of the ventilation hole 111 to the outer radius of the cover plate 110 can be further set to be greater than or equal to 0.9 and less than or equal to 0.95, thereby allowing the airflow within the ventilation hole 111 to be closer to the first coil 151, the second coil 152, the permanent magnet 130, and the third coil 153, thus further improving heat dissipation capacity.

[0073] In some embodiments, the outer radius R2 of the ventilation hole 111 is smaller than the outer radius of the first coil 151, and the inner radius R1 of the ventilation hole 111 is larger than the inner radius of the first coil 151, so that the airflow in the ventilation hole 111 can flow more concentratedly through the center of the first coil 151, thereby helping to further improve the heat dissipation effect.

[0074] In some implementations, refer to Figure 9 The airflow entering through the ventilation hole 111 has a minimum passage area at the second interval 102. This minimum passage area can be understood as the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the airflow channel, where the corresponding cross-section is perpendicular to the airflow direction at the corresponding position. Furthermore, the sum of the areas of each ventilation hole 111 is greater than the minimum passage area, which helps to further improve the heat dissipation capacity of the hybrid magnetic bearing. For example, if the minimum passage area is S0, the sum of the areas of the n ventilation holes is S1 = n*θ*π*(R2^2-R1^2) / 360, where S1 can be greater than S0.

[0075] It is understandable that since the magnetic levitation motor adopts all the technical solutions of all the above-mentioned hybrid magnetic bearing embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments, which will not be elaborated here.

[0076] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of this application and does not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the technical concept of this application and the contents of the specification and drawings of this application, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A hybrid magnetic bearing, characterized in that, The hybrid magnetic bearing includes a cover plate, a first bearing housing, a permanent magnet, and a second bearing housing. The first bearing housing includes a first seat body connected to the bearing and a protruding portion extending radially along the axis of rotation. The second bearing housing includes a second seat body connected to the bearing and connecting teeth extending radially along the axis of rotation. The cover plate, the first seat body, the permanent magnet, and the second seat body are connected sequentially along the axial direction of the axis of rotation. Along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, there is a first gap between the cover plate and the protruding portion, a second gap between the protruding portion and the connecting tooth, and the thrust disk on the rotating shaft is at least partially disposed in the first gap; The hybrid magnetic bearing further includes a first coil, a second coil, and a third coil, with the third coil sleeved on the connecting tooth; the first coil and the second coil are respectively sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft, with the first coil located at the first interval and the second coil located at the second interval, and the first coil and the second coil are configured to form magnetic fluxes in opposite directions in the second bearing seat.

2. The hybrid magnetic bearing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first coil and the second coil are configured to form magnetic flux in the same direction between the protruding portion and the thrust disk.

3. The hybrid magnetic bearing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The protruding portion includes a radial segment, which is connected to the side of the first seat body facing the pivot, and the radial segment extends radially along the pivot. Along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, there is a first gap between the cover plate and the radial segment, and a second gap between the radial segment and the connecting tooth.

4. The hybrid magnetic bearing as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The extended portion further includes an axial section, which is connected to the radial section on the side facing the connecting tooth, and the axial section extends along the axial direction of the rotating shaft; The axial segment is spaced apart from the first base, and the second coil is located within the gap between the axial segment and the first base.

5. The hybrid magnetic bearing as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The first coil and the second coil are independently wound, with the wires of the first coil and the second coil wound in the same direction, and the first coil and the second coil are connected in series through corresponding terminals; and / or, The first coil and the second coil are independently wound, with the wires of the first coil and the second coil wound in opposite directions, and the first coil and the second coil are connected in series through opposite-named terminals; and / or, The first coil and the second coil are powered independently of each other, and the first coil and the second coil are configured to form magnetic fluxes in opposite directions in the second bearing housing by means of the direction of the input current.

6. The hybrid magnetic bearing as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The first coil and the second coil are formed by sequentially winding a single wire around the axis of the rotating shaft, with the winding direction of the first coil being opposite to that of the second coil.

7. The hybrid magnetic bearing as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The number of turns of the first coil is greater than the number of turns of the second coil; and / or, The ratio of the number of turns of the first coil to the number of turns of the second coil is greater than or equal to 1.8 and less than or equal to 2.

2.

8. The hybrid magnetic bearing as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, There is a gap between the first coil and the thrust disk; and / or, There is a gap between the second coil and the third coil; and / or, In the radial direction of the rotating shaft, the distance between the second coil and the rotating shaft is greater than or equal to the distance between the protruding portion and the rotating shaft.

9. The hybrid magnetic bearing as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The hybrid magnetic bearing is provided with multiple ventilation holes, which pass through the cover plate and the first bearing seat in sequence along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and are respectively connected to the first interval and the second interval.

10. The hybrid magnetic bearing as described in claim 9, characterized in that, Projecting along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, the projected shape of the ventilation hole is fan-shaped, and the axis of the ventilation hole overlaps with the axis of the rotating shaft.

11. The hybrid magnetic bearing as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that, The ratio of the outer radius of the ventilation hole to the outer radius of the cover plate is greater than or equal to 0.85 and less than or equal to 1; and / or, The outer radius of the ventilation hole is smaller than the outer radius of the first coil, and the inner radius of the ventilation hole is larger than the inner radius of the first coil.

12. The hybrid magnetic bearing as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that, The airflow entering from the ventilation holes has a minimum passage area at the second interval, and the sum of the areas of all the ventilation holes is greater than the minimum passage area.

13. A magnetic levitation motor, characterized in that, The magnetic levitation motor includes a hybrid magnetic bearing as described in any one of claims 1 to 12.

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