Internet of Things valve controller and control system based on airflow self-power generation

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides an Internet of Things valve controller based on airflow self-power generation and a control system. The controller comprises a valve executing mechanism, a main control circuit board, an airflow power generation module and an energy storage battery. The airflow power generation module pushes permanent magnet fan blades to rotate through airflow in a pipeline, power is generated in a coil according to the electromagnetic induction principle, and electric energy is output after rectification and voltage stabilization. The main control circuit board integrates an ultra-low power consumption MCU, a Bluetooth and CAT1 communication module and a power management circuit. The system enters an extremely low power consumption standby mode when no airflow exists; when airflow passes through, electric energy generated by the power generation module instantly wakes up the system, so that the CAT1 module is immediately connected with the cloud platform and reports state information; in the gas using period, power generation energy is preferentially supplied to the system for operation, surplus electric energy is used for charging the battery, through the airflow self-power-generation and extreme low-power-consumption design, the industrial problems that a traditional internet-of-things valve controller is short in battery endurance and low in reliability are effectively solved, and the ultra-long service life and high reliability are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of Internet of Things (IoT) technology, and more specifically, to an IoT valve controller and control system based on airflow self-generated power. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of IoT technology, its application in smart homes and smart cities is becoming increasingly widespread. The demand for remote monitoring and intelligent control of pipelines such as gas and water supply is particularly prominent. In these application scenarios, IoT valve controllers, as key execution and status sensing units, are typically battery-powered and integrate wireless communication modules such as Bluetooth and CAT-1 to achieve data interaction with a cloud platform, thereby completing functions such as remote status monitoring, alarm functions, and valve shut-off control.

[0003] However, those skilled in the art recognize that existing IoT valve controller technologies have several significant drawbacks that severely restrict their large-scale deployment and long-term reliable operation. These drawbacks are mainly reflected in the following aspects: First, the power consumption of wireless communication modules in existing solutions remains high. For example, the average current of common Bluetooth modules during standby and communication is typically above 40 microamps, while the average current of CAT-1 communication modules responsible for long-distance data transmission is as high as about 2 milliamps. Such high system power consumption leads to enormous energy consumption. Based on the typical power consumption of competing products (Bluetooth 40μA + CAT-1 2mA), to maintain continuous system operation for one year, approximately 17 amp-hours of electricity are required. This demanding power requirement forces products to use large-capacity, large-volume batteries, which not only significantly increases the overall size, manufacturing cost, and installation complexity of the product, but also results in excessively short battery replacement cycles, greatly impacting user experience and contradicting the design goals of miniaturization and long battery life for IoT devices. Second, existing solutions generally rely on a single battery for power supply, lacking effective energy replenishment or backup mechanisms. In applications such as gas valves, where usage frequency is low or they may remain idle for extended periods, battery power will slowly deplete due to continuous static power consumption. Once the battery is depleted, the device will be completely disconnected and unable to receive any instructions from the cloud platform. This is extremely dangerous in emergencies such as gas leaks, as the system will be unable to perform crucial remote emergency valve shut-off operations, creating a serious safety hazard and compromising system reliability. Thirdly, to extend battery life as much as possible within the product's limited battery capacity, some existing technologies have been forced to adopt a strategy of functional reduction. For example, necessary status monitoring functions such as periodic detection of valve open / closed states may be disabled or limited. While this approach reduces system power consumption to some extent, it comes at the cost of sacrificing the integrity and reliability of system monitoring. This prevents the control center from accurately and in real-time understanding of the valve's true status, thus reducing the overall safety of the system.

[0004] In summary, existing IoT valve controllers have significant shortcomings in terms of power consumption, reliability, and functional integrity, making it difficult to meet the urgent needs of smart home and smart city applications for long battery life, high reliability, and miniaturization. Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for an innovative low-power valve control solution that can achieve ultra-long battery life while ensuring functional integrity and high reliability, and effectively reduce product size, thereby resolving the aforementioned technical contradictions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides an IoT valve controller and control system based on airflow self-generation. By combining airflow self-generation technology in pipelines with an extreme low-power hardware and software design, it solves the key technical problems of insufficient reliability and easy disconnection of traditional IoT valve controllers in long-term scenarios without external power supply due to short battery life.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of this application are as follows: In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an Internet of Things valve controller based on airflow self-generated power, including a valve actuator, a main control circuit board, an airflow power generation module, and an energy storage battery; The airflow power generation module is integrated inside the pipe and includes a columnar fan blade and an induction coil. The columnar fan blade is made of permanent magnet material, and the induction coil is set outside the pipe at the position corresponding to the rotation trajectory of the permanent magnet of the fan blade. The airflow power generation module is used to drive the fan blade to rotate when the airflow passes through the pipe. It generates an induced electromotive force in the induction coil through the principle of electromagnetic induction, and outputs electrical energy after rectification and voltage regulation circuit. The main control circuit board includes a core microcontroller, an ultra-low power Bluetooth module, an ultra-low power CAT1 communication module, and a power management circuit. The core microcontroller is used for system scheduling, power management, and logic control. The ultra-low power Bluetooth module is used for communication. The ultra-low power CAT1 communication module is used for data exchange with a remote cloud platform. The power management circuit is used for intelligent management of the electrical energy input from the energy storage battery and the airflow power generation module, including charging control, power monitoring, and power path switching. The energy storage battery is a lithium iron phosphate battery pack; The system is configured to enter an ultra-low power standby mode when there is no airflow, maintaining the real-time clock and interrupt monitoring functions of the core microcontroller, while the Bluetooth module and CAT1 communication module are in a powered-off or minimum power state. When the airflow power generation module generates electricity, the system is awakened, and the CAT1 communication module establishes a connection with the cloud platform and reports valve status and battery power information. During continuous airflow, the electricity generated by the airflow power generation module is prioritized for system operation, and surplus electricity is stored in the energy storage battery.

[0007] In one possible embodiment, the permanent magnet poles of the columnar fan blades are arranged alternately along the circumferential direction.

[0008] In one possible embodiment, the power management circuit includes a dedicated energy harvesting chip for boosting, regulating, and charging the electrical energy generated by the airflow power generation module.

[0009] In one possible embodiment, the core microcontroller is an ultra-low power MCU with a standby current of less than 1μA.

[0010] In one possible embodiment, the core microcontroller is configured to wake up the ultra-low power CAT1 communication module at periodic intervals and immediately control it to enter a deep sleep or complete power-off state after data exchange is completed, thereby controlling the average operating current.

[0011] In one possible embodiment, the airflow power generation module further includes a rectifier circuit and a voltage regulator circuit for converting the alternating current generated by the induction coil into direct current and charging the system.

[0012] Secondly, embodiments of this application propose a low-power IoT valve control system based on airflow self-generation, including an IoT valve controller and a remote cloud platform; The IoT valve controller interacts with a remote cloud platform through an ultra-low power CAT1 communication module to achieve remote monitoring and control of the valve status; The system is configured to automatically wake up and report data via the gas flow generation module when the user uses gas, combining the self-sustaining energy of the gas flow generation and the replenishment of energy by the energy storage battery.

[0013] The main solution and its various further alternatives described above can be freely combined to form multiple solutions, all of which are solutions that can be adopted and are claimed in this application; furthermore, the (non-conflicting alternatives) can also be freely combined with each other and with other alternatives. Those skilled in the art, after understanding the solution of this application, will realize from the prior art and common general knowledge that there are many combinations, all of which are technical solutions to be protected in this application, and will not be exhaustively listed here.

[0014] Compared to existing technologies, this application proposes an IoT valve controller and control system based on airflow self-generation. The controller includes a valve actuator, a main control circuit board, an airflow power generation module, and an energy storage battery. The airflow power generation module utilizes airflow within the pipe to drive the rotation of a permanent magnet fan blade, generating electricity in a coil through electromagnetic induction. The electricity is then rectified and regulated before being output. The main control circuit board integrates an ultra-low-power MCU, Bluetooth and CAT1 communication modules, and a power management circuit. The system enters an extremely low-power standby mode when there is no airflow. When airflow occurs, the electricity generated by the power generation module instantly wakes up the system, enabling the CAT1 module to immediately connect to the cloud platform and report status information. During airflow usage, the generated energy is prioritized for system operation, with surplus energy used to charge the battery. Through airflow self-generation and ultra-low-power design, the industry problems of short battery life and low reliability in traditional IoT valve controllers are effectively solved, achieving ultra-long lifespan and high reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an IoT valve controller based on airflow self-generation proposed in an embodiment of this application is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0018] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0019] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

[0020] The existing technology has significant drawbacks: First, excessive power consumption and short battery life: The average current of Bluetooth modules in existing products is typically above 40μA, and the average current of CAT1 communication modules is as high as about 2mA. Such high power consumption results in huge overall system energy consumption. If calculated based on the typical power consumption of competing products (Bluetooth 40μA + CAT1 2mA), it would require about 17Ah of power to maintain operation for one year. This forces the product to use large-capacity, large-volume batteries (such as 34650 batteries), increasing product size, cost, and installation difficulty, and resulting in a short replacement cycle and poor user experience. Second, reliance on a single battery for power supply leads to insufficient reliability: In scenarios where gas usage is infrequent or the product is not used for a long time, the battery will gradually deplete, causing the device to lose connection and be unable to execute remote valve closing commands at critical moments (such as when a gas leak alarm sounds), posing a safety hazard. Third, the contradiction between functionality and power consumption: To achieve long battery life, some competing products are forced to sacrifice functionality, such as disabling or limiting necessary status monitoring functions like valve position detection, reducing system reliability.

[0021] To address the aforementioned technical issues, this application proposes an IoT valve controller and control system based on airflow self-generation. This controller boasts advantages such as ultra-low power consumption, self-energy harvesting capability, compact size, and ultra-long battery life. Through extreme low-power hardware and software design and innovative energy harvesting scheme, it ensures that the device can standby for extended periods using a small-capacity battery when there is no external airflow, and automatically replenishes power and activates high-frequency data interaction when there is airflow, thereby achieving up to 10 years of maintenance-free operation.

[0022] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 The diagram shows a schematic of the structure of an IoT valve controller based on airflow self-generation proposed in an embodiment of this application, including a valve actuator, a main control circuit board, an airflow power generation module, and an energy storage battery; The airflow power generation module is integrated inside the pipe and includes a columnar fan blade and an induction coil. The columnar fan blade is made of permanent magnet material, and the induction coil is set outside the pipe at the position corresponding to the rotation trajectory of the permanent magnet of the fan blade. The airflow power generation module is used to drive the fan blade to rotate when the airflow passes through the pipe. It generates an induced electromotive force in the induction coil through the principle of electromagnetic induction, and outputs electrical energy after rectification and voltage regulation circuit. The airflow power generation module is an energy harvesting unit integrated inside a pipe, converting the kinetic energy of the gas flow within the pipe into electrical energy. The module mainly consists of two parts: an internal cylindrical fan blade and an external induction coil. The cylindrical fan blade, made of high-performance permanent magnet material, is directly installed inside the pipe. When gas flows through the pipe, its kinetic energy drives the fan blade to rotate. On the outside of the pipe, at a position precisely corresponding to the rotation trajectory of the permanent magnet fan blade, a highly sensitive induction coil is installed. According to Faraday's principle of electromagnetic induction, the rotating permanent magnet fan blade causes a periodic change in the surrounding magnetic field, thereby cutting magnetic field lines in the fixed induction coil and generating an alternating induced electromotive force.

[0023] The module generates weak alternating current (typically about 5mA), insufficient to directly power electronic systems. Therefore, a dedicated rectifier and voltage regulator circuit is integrated within the module. The rectifier converts the alternating current to direct current, which is then processed by the voltage regulator to output stable, usable direct current. This power is primarily used to charge the system's built-in energy storage battery or to directly power the controller in the presence of airflow.

[0024] In addition, the mechanical structure, electrical connections and packaging materials of the power generation module strictly follow explosion-proof design standards to ensure long-term safe and reliable operation in potentially dangerous environments such as gas, thus eliminating the possibility of safety accidents caused by the power generation process from the source.

[0025] The main control circuit board includes a core microcontroller, an ultra-low power Bluetooth module, an ultra-low power CAT1 communication module, and a power management circuit. The core microcontroller is used for system scheduling, power management, and logic control. The ultra-low power Bluetooth module is used for communication. The ultra-low power CAT1 communication module is used for data exchange with a remote cloud platform. The power management circuit is used for intelligent management of the electrical energy input from the energy storage battery and the airflow power generation module, including charging control, power monitoring, and power path switching. The main control circuit board is responsible for coordinating the operation of various components, realizing communication functions, and managing the energy flow of the entire system. It mainly consists of four functional units: the core microcontroller (MCU), the ultra-low power Bluetooth module, the ultra-low power CAT1 communication module, and the power management circuit (PMIC). The core microcontroller (MCU) adopts an advanced ultra-low power design and is responsible for executing the overall scheduling of the system, power consumption strategy management, and valve control logic. It continuously monitors the system status and intelligently controls the power supply and operating mode of other modules according to preset strategies or external events.

[0026] The ultra-low power Bluetooth module is used for short-range device debugging, firmware upgrades, and local status reading. Through a series of optimization measures such as deep sleep, fast connection, and a custom low-power protocol, this module significantly reduces its average operating current to 12μA while maintaining always-on connectivity, greatly reducing standby power consumption.

[0027] In one possible embodiment, the ultra-low power Bluetooth module uses the OM6626 as the short-range wireless communication chip. By configuring its Sniff mode and custom broadcast intervals, power consumption is minimized while ensuring connectivity. Through careful firmware design, its average operating current is stabilized at 12μA for near-field maintenance and status reading of the device.

[0028] The ultra-low-power CAT1 communication module is responsible for reliable data exchange with the cloud platform. It employs an innovative low-power algorithm with precise timing control by the MCU: it remains in deep sleep or completely powered off most of the time, only being quickly woken up approximately every 5 minutes to attach to the network, complete data transmission and reception, and immediately enter sleep mode again. Through this on-demand communication strategy, its average operating current is significantly reduced to 270μA, solving the problem of excessive power consumption in traditional IoT modules.

[0029] In one possible embodiment, the ultra-low power CAT1 communication module uses the AIR780EPM as the long-distance communication module. This module supports PSM (Power Saving Mode) deep power-saving mode. This invention utilizes this feature to precisely manage the power and signals of the module using a Huada Electronics CIU32L051C8T6 MCU. Specifically, the MCU wakes up the AIR780EPM module every 5 minutes via a GPIO port. After power-on, the module quickly attaches to the network, completes data exchange with the cloud platform, and immediately the MCU cuts off its main power supply, completely de-energizing it. Through this strategy combining "hard switching" and "PSM mode," the average operating current of the CAT1 module is significantly reduced from the milliamp level to 270μA.

[0030] The power management circuit (PMIC) is responsible for rectifying and regulating the fluctuating electrical energy input from the airflow generator module, and for intelligent charging control and power monitoring of the energy storage battery. Simultaneously, based on the system's current energy consumption requirements, it seamlessly and efficiently switches between direct power supply from the generator module and battery power, prioritizing the use of immediately generated green energy to ensure maximum energy utilization and stable system operation.

[0031] The energy storage battery is a lithium iron phosphate battery pack.

[0032] The energy storage system uses two 14505 lithium iron phosphate batteries connected in series or parallel for power supply, with a total capacity of approximately 5000mAh. This battery pack is the smallest energy storage unit of this invention, and its volume is much smaller than the 34650 batteries required by competing products.

[0033] The system is configured to enter an ultra-low power standby mode when there is no airflow, maintaining the real-time clock and interrupt monitoring functions of the core microcontroller, while the Bluetooth module and CAT1 communication module are in a powered-off or minimum power state. When the airflow power generation module generates electricity, the system is awakened, and the CAT1 communication module establishes a connection with the cloud platform and reports valve status and battery power information. During continuous airflow, the electricity generated by the airflow power generation module is prioritized for system operation, and surplus electricity is stored in the energy storage battery.

[0034] This system features an intelligent workflow and advanced power consumption control strategies, automatically switching operating modes based on airflow conditions to achieve ultra-long battery life and high reliability. Its workflow mainly consists of three stages: In the absence of airflow, the system automatically enters an ultra-low power standby mode. At this time, the core microcontroller (MCU) maintains only the most basic functions such as the real-time clock (RTC) and critical interrupt monitoring, while Bluetooth and CAT1 remote communication modules are completely shut down or placed in a very low-power sleep state. In this mode, the overall power consumption is reduced to an extremely low level, allowing the built-in 5000mAh battery to independently sustain the system for over two years in standby mode.

[0035] When airflow passes through the duct, the system immediately triggers the airflow wake-up and rapid self-start process. The electrical energy generated by the airflow driving the fan blades of the power generation module will serve as a hardware wake-up signal, quickly activating the entire system from deep sleep within one minute. The MCU resumes full-function operation and prioritizes the activation of the CAT1 communication module, enabling it to establish a connection with the remote cloud platform in the shortest possible time and automatically report key status information such as valve opening and battery level.

[0036] During continuous gas usage, the system enters an energy self-sustaining and intelligent storage phase. The electricity continuously generated by the gas flow generator module will be prioritized to meet the current power consumption requirements of the system, especially providing direct energy for activities with high instantaneous energy consumption such as CAT1 communication. If the power generation exceeds the immediate consumption, the surplus electricity will be intelligently transferred to the lithium iron phosphate battery pack for storage, completing the recharging. This not only extends the battery life but, combined with ultra-low power standby, supports a theoretical system lifespan of up to 10 years, achieving truly maintenance-free operation.

[0037] In one possible implementation, normal standby mode: When there is no airflow or communication task, the CIU32L051C8T6 MCU enters deep sleep mode, and at the same time, the power supply to the OM6626 (ultra-low power Bluetooth module) and AIR780EPM (CAT1 communication module) is completely cut off through the circuit. At this time, the total system current is only the sum of the MCU's sleep current and the quiescent current of the power management chip. The extremely low quiescent power consumption ensures that the 5000mAh battery can independently maintain the system standby for more than 2 years.

[0038] Gas flow event triggering: When the gas flow generator module starts generating electricity, its output power is directly used as a wake-up signal and input to an external interrupt pin of the CIU32L051C8T6 MCU. After the MCU is woken up, it first activates the necessary sensors for status detection, and then activates the AIR780EPM module within 1 minute to report the gas flow start-up event and related data to the cloud platform.

[0039] Energy Management: During the period of continuous gas consumption by the user, the electrical energy generated by the gas flow generator module is prioritized for system operation through the aforementioned power management chip, and the surplus is used to charge the two 14505 lithium iron phosphate batteries to achieve peak shaving and valley filling of energy.

[0040] The permanent magnet poles of the columnar fan blades are arranged alternately along the circumference.

[0041] The columnar fan blades are made of high-performance neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material, and their magnetic poles are specially designed to alternate along the circumference of the blades. This optimized layout ensures that the fan blades generate the strongest and most frequent changes in magnetic field direction at the coil position when rotating, thereby significantly enhancing the rate of change of magnetic flux and enabling the induction coil to efficiently cut magnetic field lines.

[0042] The power management circuit includes a dedicated energy harvesting chip for boosting, regulating, and charging the electrical energy generated by the airflow power generation module.

[0043] The core component of the power management circuit is a dedicated chip (such as the TIBQ25570 or a similar model) designed specifically for energy harvesting scenarios. This circuit is responsible for processing the raw electrical energy generated by the airflow generator module: First, the AC power output from the generator module is converted into DC power by a full-bridge rectifier circuit; then, the energy harvesting chip efficiently boosts and regulates this weak and unstable DC power to achieve a usable voltage level for the system. Finally, the processed and stabilized electrical energy is intelligently used for real-time system power supply or for safe and efficient charging management of the downstream lithium iron phosphate battery, thereby maximizing the capture and utilization of every bit of renewable airflow energy.

[0044] The core microcontroller is an ultra-low power MCU with a standby current of less than 1μA.

[0045] The core microcontroller (MCU) uses Huada Electronics' CIU32L051C8T6 as the main control chip. This chip is based on the ARM Cortex-M0+ core and features extremely low operating and sleep power consumption, with a standby current of less than 1μA, making it ideal for the ultra-low power application scenarios of this invention. It is responsible for controlling the power supply and timing of the Bluetooth and CAT1 modules, processing sensor data, and executing valve control logic.

[0046] The core microcontroller is configured to wake up the ultra-low power CAT1 communication module at periodic intervals and immediately control it to enter deep sleep or complete power-off state after data exchange is completed, thereby controlling the average operating current.

[0047] First, the ultra-low power CAT1 communication module is automatically woken up at set periodic intervals. After the module completes data packet exchange with the cloud platform, the microcontroller will immediately control it to enter deep sleep mode or directly cut off its power supply through hardware signals. Through this on-demand communication and instant power-off mechanism, the average operating current of the CAT1 module is always controlled within the set low level range, thereby achieving precise management of the overall system energy consumption.

[0048] The airflow power generation module also includes a rectifier circuit and a voltage regulator circuit, which are used to convert the alternating current generated by the induction coil into direct current and to charge the system.

[0049] The airflow power generation module integrates a high-efficiency rectifier circuit and a voltage regulator circuit. Its core function is to convert the AC induced electromotive force generated in the induction coil into DC power through a full-bridge rectifier circuit, and then process it through a subsequent voltage regulator circuit to output stable and reliable DC power, which ultimately powers the system in real time or charges the energy storage battery.

[0050] Furthermore, this application also proposes a low-power IoT valve control system based on airflow self-generation, including an IoT valve controller and a remote cloud platform; The IoT valve controller interacts with a remote cloud platform through an ultra-low power CAT1 communication module to achieve remote monitoring and control of the valve status; The system is configured to automatically wake up and report data through the gas flow generation module when the user uses gas, combining the self-sustaining energy of gas flow generation with the replenishment of energy storage batteries.

[0051] The system comprises an IoT valve controller and a remote cloud platform. The IoT valve controller, through its integrated ultra-low-power CAT1 communication module, establishes a reliable data connection with the remote cloud platform, enabling remote uploading of valve status information and accurate reception of control commands, thus achieving remote monitoring and intelligent control of the valves. The system also features intelligent wake-up and energy self-management capabilities: when a user uses gas, the airflow generated in the pipeline drives the airflow generator module inside the controller. The electricity generated in this process immediately and automatically wakes up the system from its dormant state, restoring it online and enabling it to report data. During continuous gas usage, the energy generated by the generator module not only sustains the system's operation but also replenishes the energy storage battery.

[0052] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the embodiments of this application are as follows: First, through hardware selection and software algorithm optimization, the average current of the Bluetooth module has been reduced to 12μA, and the average current of the CAT1 module has been reduced to 270μA, far below the industry average (Bluetooth 20-40μA, CAT1 about 2mA). The theoretical annual power consumption is only about 2.63Ah, which is 15% of the competing products (about 17Ah), achieving a leading order of magnitude in power consumption.

[0053] Secondly, thanks to its extremely low power consumption, it only needs to use a small-capacity 14505 battery (total capacity 5000mAh) to meet the needs of long standby time, avoiding the use of large-volume, high-cost 34650 batteries, making the product design more compact, easier to install, and lower in cost.

[0054] Third, it creatively introduces in-pipe gas flow power generation technology, converting users' gas usage into electrical energy. This creates a virtuous cycle of "power generation when used, online operation when generating power," solving the pain point of single-battery power supply running out of power and losing connection in long-term gas-free scenarios, and greatly improving the system's reliability and safety.

[0055] Fourth, by combining the dual advantages of "small-capacity battery with ultra-low power standby" and "airflow power generation for energy replenishment during use", it fundamentally solves the industry problem of short battery life of IoT devices, achieving a breakthrough with a theoretical service life of up to 10 years, greatly improving the user experience and reducing maintenance costs.

[0056] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An IoT valve controller based on airflow self-generated power, characterized in that, Includes valve actuator, main control circuit board, airflow power generation module and energy storage battery; The airflow power generation module is integrated inside the pipe and includes a columnar fan blade and an induction coil. The columnar fan blade is made of permanent magnet material, and the induction coil is set outside the pipe at the position corresponding to the rotation trajectory of the permanent magnet of the fan blade. The airflow power generation module is used to drive the fan blade to rotate when the airflow passes through the pipe. It generates an induced electromotive force in the induction coil through the principle of electromagnetic induction, and outputs electrical energy after rectification and voltage regulation circuit. The main control circuit board includes a core microcontroller, an ultra-low power Bluetooth module, an ultra-low power CAT1 communication module, and a power management circuit. The core microcontroller is used for system scheduling, power management, and logic control. The ultra-low power Bluetooth module is used for communication. The ultra-low power CAT1 communication module is used for data exchange with a remote cloud platform. The power management circuit is used for intelligent management of the electrical energy input from the energy storage battery and the airflow power generation module, including charging control, power monitoring, and power path switching. The energy storage battery is a lithium iron phosphate battery pack; The system is configured to enter an ultra-low power standby mode when there is no airflow, maintaining the real-time clock and interrupt monitoring functions of the core microcontroller, while the Bluetooth module and CAT1 communication module are in a powered-off or minimum power state. When the airflow power generation module generates electricity, the system is awakened, and the CAT1 communication module establishes a connection with the cloud platform and reports valve status and battery power information. During continuous airflow, the electricity generated by the airflow power generation module is prioritized for system operation, and surplus electricity is stored in the energy storage battery.

2. The IoT valve controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, The permanent magnet poles of the columnar fan blades are arranged alternately along the circumference.

3. The IoT valve controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power management circuit includes a dedicated energy harvesting chip for boosting, regulating, and charging the electrical energy generated by the airflow power generation module.

4. The IoT valve controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, The core microcontroller is an ultra-low power MCU with a standby current of less than 1μA.

5. The IoT valve controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, The core microcontroller is configured to wake up the ultra-low power CAT1 communication module at periodic intervals and immediately control it to enter deep sleep or complete power-off state after data exchange is completed, thereby controlling the average operating current.

6. The IoT valve controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, The airflow power generation module also includes a rectifier circuit and a voltage regulator circuit, which are used to convert the alternating current generated by the induction coil into direct current and to charge the system.

7. A low-power IoT valve control system based on airflow self-generation, characterized in that, This includes IoT valve controllers and remote cloud platforms; The IoT valve controller interacts with a remote cloud platform through an ultra-low power CAT1 communication module to achieve remote monitoring and control of the valve status; The system is configured to automatically wake up and report data via the gas flow generation module when the user uses gas, combining the self-sustaining energy of the gas flow generation and the replenishment of energy by the energy storage battery.

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