Oil pipeline leakage detection method, system and device and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses an oil pipeline leakage detection method, system and device and a storage medium, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the corresponding vertical and horizontal component extraction processing and frequency spectrum calculation of three-component natural source seismic wave data of each buried region of a buried oil pipeline, and obtaining the frequency spectrum ratio information of each buried region; therefore, the change condition of the inherent frequency of the underground medium in each buried area is determined according to the change of the frequency spectrum ratio, whether the pipe section of the buried oil pipeline corresponding to each buried area leaks or not is judged, the leakage place and the leakage range are determined, and the leakage amount is estimated. According to the method, efficient and accurate oil pipeline leakage detection and judgment can be achieved, operability is high, anti-interference performance is high, application and implementation are convenient, and an effective basis can be provided for subsequent rapid leakage treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of pipeline leakage detection technology, specifically relating to a method, system, device, and storage medium for detecting leaks in oil pipelines. Background Technology

[0002] Pipeline transportation is increasingly widely used in modern society and has now become one of the five major transportation industries. As pipelines operate for longer periods, the issue of safe pipeline operation becomes increasingly prominent. Pipeline leaks caused by factors such as natural aging of pipelines, wear and tear due to long-term operation, the impact of geographical and climatic changes, and human-caused damage will result in resource waste and environmental pollution. Timely detection of pipeline leaks and accurate reporting of the scope and extent of the accident can minimize economic losses and environmental pollution.

[0003] Given the importance of pipeline transportation, leak detection has always been a crucial issue. Currently, with the increasing maturity of pipeline leak detection technology, various types of pipeline leak detection techniques exist. Based on their technical characteristics, they can be broadly categorized into three main types: internal pipe detection, pipe wall detection, and external pipe detection. Internal pipe detection technology identifies whether a pipeline leak has occurred by analyzing changes in pressure and flow rate before and after a leak. This type of technology mainly includes negative pressure wave methods, segmented pressure methods, cross-correlation analysis methods, smart sphere leak detection methods, and distributed fiber optic acoustic sensor leak detection methods. Pipe wall leak detection technology is based on changes in the elastic parameters of the pipe wall before and after a leak. When a pipeline leaks, the closure is disrupted, and its elastic parameters change, resulting in anomalies in the generated sound waves, electromagnetic waves, and mechanical waves. Analyzing these anomalies allows for the detection of the pipeline leak location. Pipe wall leak detection technologies mainly include ultrasonic methods, electromagnetic ultrasonic detection methods, acoustic wave methods, and acoustic emission methods. External pipe detection methods determine the location of the pipeline leak by analyzing changes in the temperature of the surrounding medium and the tracer caused by the leak before and after the leak. These methods mainly include fiber optic temperature sensor detection methods, thermal infrared imaging leak detection methods, and radioactive leak detection methods.

[0004] The methods described above have addressed the problem of pipeline leak detection to some extent, but some shortcomings remain. Leak detection techniques based on pressure changes (such as negative pressure wave method, segmented pressure method, and cross-correlation analysis method) are simple in structure and easy to operate, but suffer from high false alarm rates and susceptibility to external interference, and cannot detect slow leaks. Methods based on changes in pipe wall elastic parameters caused by pipeline damage (such as ultrasonic method, acoustic wave method, and acoustic emission method) can detect pipeline leaks in real time, but are costly and have poor anti-interference capabilities. Leak detection techniques based on changes in the physical properties of the surrounding medium caused by pipeline leaks (such as fiber optic temperature sensor detection method and thermal infrared imaging leak detection method) are not cumbersome to operate and have some feasibility, but suffer from slow detection speed and accuracy that is easily affected by the surrounding environment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method, system, device, and storage medium for detecting leaks in oil pipelines, in order to solve the aforementioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: Firstly, a method for detecting leaks in oil pipelines is provided, including: Acquire three-component natural source seismic wave data of the buried area corresponding to each section of the buried oil pipeline; Data extraction and processing were performed on the three-component natural source seismic wave data to obtain the vertical component vibration signal and the horizontal component vibration signal. Fourier transforms were performed on the vertical and horizontal vibration signals respectively to obtain the vertical and horizontal component spectra. Calculate the spectral ratio of the horizontal component spectrum to the vertical component spectrum; The spectral ratio is used to determine whether a section of the buried oil pipeline in each buried area has leaked.

[0007] In one possible design, the vertical component vibration signal is recorded as V, and the horizontal component vibration signal is recorded as H. Fourier transforms are performed on the vertical component vibration signal V and the horizontal component vibration signal H respectively to obtain the vertical component spectrum V(f) and the horizontal component spectrum H(f), where f represents the frequency parameter. The spectral ratio of the horizontal component spectrum H(f) to the vertical component spectrum V(f) is calculated as follows:

[0008] Where R represents the ratio of the horizontal component spectrum H(f) to the vertical component spectrum V(f).

[0009] In one possible design, determining whether a section of the buried oil pipeline corresponding to each buried area has leaked based on the spectral ratio includes: Construct the spectral ratio curves of the corresponding buried area at each detection time point, and draw the spectral ratio profile of the corresponding buried area at the same detection time point based on the spectral ratio curves of the corresponding buried area at the same detection time point. By using the spectral ratio profile of the corresponding buried area at each detection time point, it can be determined whether the section of the buried oil pipeline in that area has leaked.

[0010] In one possible design, determining whether a section of the buried oil pipeline corresponding to the buried area has leaked by using the spectral ratio profile of the corresponding buried area at each detection time point includes: Extract the spectral ratio profile of the corresponding buried area at each detection time point; Based on the changes in the spectral ratio curve in the spectral ratio profile at any two detection time points, it can be determined whether a leak has occurred in the buried oil pipeline section in the corresponding buried area.

[0011] In one possible design, determining whether a buried oil pipeline segment in a corresponding buried area has leaked based on the change in the spectral ratio curve in a spectral ratio profile at any two detection time points includes: Based on the changes in the spectral ratio curve in the spectral ratio profile at any two detection time points, determine the first variation range of the natural frequency of the underground medium in the corresponding buried area. When the range of the first change area exceeds the set range threshold, it is determined that a leak has occurred in the buried oil pipeline section in the corresponding buried area.

[0012] In one possible design, after determining that a leak has occurred in the buried oil pipeline section within the corresponding buried area, the method further includes: Based on the changes in the spectral ratio curve in the final detection time point spectral ratio profile compared to the spectral ratio curve in the initial detection time point spectral ratio profile, the range of the second variation area of ​​the natural frequency of the underground medium in the corresponding buried area is determined. The leakage range of the buried oil pipeline in the corresponding buried area is determined based on the range of the second change area, and the leakage amount of the buried oil pipeline in the corresponding buried area is estimated based on the leakage range.

[0013] Secondly, a leak detection system for oil pipelines is provided, comprising an acquisition unit, an extraction unit, a processing unit, a calculation unit, and a judgment unit, wherein: The acquisition unit is used to acquire three-component natural source seismic wave data of the buried area corresponding to each section of the buried oil pipeline; The extraction unit is used to extract and process three-component natural source seismic wave data to obtain vertical and horizontal vibration signals. The processing unit is used to perform Fourier transform processing on the vertical component vibration signal and the horizontal component vibration signal respectively to obtain the vertical component spectrum and the horizontal component spectrum. The calculation unit is used to calculate the spectral ratio of the horizontal component spectrum to the vertical component spectrum. The determination unit is used to determine whether a section of the buried oil pipeline in each buried area has leaked based on the spectrum ratio.

[0014] In one possible design, the system also includes: The plotting unit is used to determine the spectral ratio curve of the corresponding buried area at the same detection time point, and plot the spectral ratio profile of the corresponding buried area based on the spectral ratio curve.

[0015] Thirdly, a leak detection device for oil pipelines is provided, comprising: Memory, used to store instructions; A processor is configured to read instructions stored in the memory and execute the method described in any one of the first aspects above, according to the instructions.

[0016] Fourthly, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which instructions are stored, which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform any of the methods described in the first aspect. A computer program product containing instructions is also provided, which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform any of the methods described in the first aspect.

[0017] Beneficial Effects: This invention extracts and processes the vertical and horizontal components of three-component natural source seismic wave data from various buried areas of buried oil pipelines, performing spectral calculations to obtain spectral ratio information for each buried area. This allows for the determination of changes in the natural frequency of the underground medium in each buried area based on variations in the spectral ratio, thereby identifying whether a section of the buried oil pipeline in each area has leaked, determining the location and extent of the leak, and estimating the leakage amount. This method enables efficient and accurate detection and determination of oil pipeline leaks. It is highly operable, has strong anti-interference capabilities, and is convenient to implement, providing a valid basis for rapid subsequent leak remediation. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the detection method steps in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the transmission of three-component natural source seismic waves in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the frequency domain of the vertical and horizontal component vibration signals in the embodiment. Figure 4 The following is a comparison of the spectral ratio profiles before and after the pipeline leak in the embodiment. (a) is the spectral ratio profile before the pipeline leak, and (b) is the spectral ratio profile after the pipeline leak.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the detection system in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the configuration of the detection device in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] It should be noted that the descriptions of these embodiments are intended to aid in understanding the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. The specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are merely for describing exemplary embodiments of the invention. However, the invention may be embodied in many alternative forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described herein.

[0022] It should be understood that the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only for distinguishing descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Although the terms "first," "second," etc., may be used herein to describe various features, these features should not be limited by these terms. For example, a first unit may be referred to as a second unit, and similarly, a second unit may be referred to as a first unit, without departing from the scope of exemplary embodiments of the invention.

[0023] Specific details are provided in the following description to provide a complete understanding of the exemplary embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the exemplary embodiments can be implemented without these specific details. For example, the system may be shown in block diagrams to avoid obscuring the example with unnecessary details. In other embodiments, well-known processes, structures, and techniques may be shown without non-essential details to avoid obscuring the embodiments.

[0024] Example 1: This embodiment provides a method for detecting leaks in oil pipelines, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps: S1. Obtain the three-component natural source seismic wave data of the buried area corresponding to each section of the buried oil pipeline.

[0025] In practice, corresponding seismic detectors can be deployed in various buried areas along the buried oil pipeline to collect three-component natural source seismic wave data in the vicinity of the pipeline. Numerous seismic signals exist in nature, typically generated by various factors such as natural earthquakes, wind, ocean waves, traffic, and industrial vibrations. Figure 2 The diagram shows a three-component natural source seismic wave generated by ocean waves. This type of vibration signal propagates to the pipeline burial area and is then collected and recorded by seismic detectors. During actual data acquisition, seismic detectors are deployed above and along the pipeline. The recording time is set according to the pipeline's burial depth; the deeper the pipeline, the longer the recording time. Generally, for pipelines buried less than 10 meters deep, a 15-minute recording time is sufficient.

[0026] S2. Data extraction and processing are performed on the three-component natural source seismic wave data to obtain the vertical component vibration signal and the horizontal component vibration signal.

[0027] In practice, once the three-component natural source seismic wave data is obtained, the corresponding data analysis processing can be performed to extract the required vertical and horizontal vibration signals.

[0028] S3. Perform Fourier transform on the vertical component vibration signal and the horizontal component vibration signal respectively to obtain the vertical component spectrum and the horizontal component spectrum.

[0029] In practice, after obtaining the vertical component vibration signal and the horizontal component vibration signal, Fourier transform processing is performed on the vertical component vibration signal and the horizontal component vibration signal respectively to obtain the corresponding vertical component spectrum and horizontal component spectrum.

[0030] S4. Calculate the ratio of the horizontal component spectrum to the vertical component spectrum.

[0031] In practice, the vertical component vibration signal is recorded as V, and the horizontal component vibration signal is recorded as H. The frequency domain display of the vertical component vibration signal V and the horizontal component vibration signal H is as follows: Figure 3As shown in the example, the solid line corresponds to the horizontal component vibration signal H, and the dashed line corresponds to the vertical component vibration signal V. Fourier transforms are performed on the vertical component vibration signal V and the horizontal component vibration signal H respectively to obtain the vertical component spectrum V(f) and the horizontal component spectrum H(f), where f represents the frequency parameter. The spectral ratio of the horizontal component spectrum H(f) to the vertical component spectrum V(f) is calculated as follows:

[0032] Where R represents the ratio of the horizontal component spectrum H(f) to the vertical component spectrum V(f).

[0033] S5. Determine whether the corresponding buried oil pipeline section in each buried area has leaked based on the spectrum ratio.

[0034] In practice, after calculating the spectral ratio, the spectral ratio curves of the corresponding buried area at the same detection time point are first determined; then, a spectral ratio profile of the corresponding buried area is drawn based on the spectral ratio curves and archived; next, the spectral ratio profiles of the corresponding buried area at each detection time point are extracted; finally, based on the changes in the spectral ratio curves in the spectral ratio profiles at any two detection time points, it is determined whether a leak has occurred in the buried oil pipeline section of the corresponding buried area. The determination process specifically includes: determining the first variation range of the natural frequency of the underground medium in the corresponding buried area based on the changes in the spectral ratio curves in the spectral ratio profiles at any two detection time points; and determining that a leak has occurred in the buried oil pipeline section of the corresponding buried area when the first variation range exceeds a set threshold.

[0035] After determining that a leak has occurred in the buried oil pipeline section in the corresponding buried area, the range of the second variation area of ​​the natural frequency of the underground medium in the corresponding buried area can be determined based on the change of the spectrum ratio curve in the spectrum ratio profile at the final detection time point relative to the spectrum ratio curve in the spectrum ratio profile at the initial detection time point. Then, the leakage range of the buried oil pipeline in the corresponding buried area can be determined based on the range of the second variation area, and the leakage amount of the buried oil pipeline in the corresponding buried area can be estimated based on the leakage range.

[0036] To verify the effectiveness of this method, this embodiment provides a specific application example: A 1.5m deep borehole is drilled at a certain location, and a water pipe is inserted into the borehole to fill with fuel oil, simulating a fuel leak. During field data acquisition, 17 geophone observation points are set up above the pipeline, with a point spacing of 30cm. Before the leak, 20 minutes of background field data are collected. After the background field data is collected, the pipeline leak simulation begins. After a cumulative leak of 50L of oil, the three-component natural source vibration signal is observed again. Combined with the background field data, the changes in the natural frequency of the formation medium before and after the pipeline leak can be analyzed. The spectral ratios of the horizontal and vertical component spectra of the collected data before and after the pipeline leak are calculated, and spectral ratio curves and profiles are plotted, as shown below. Figure 4 The results show that, compared to before the pipeline leak, the range defined by the dark-colored curve increases after the leak. This allows for accurate inference of the leak location and extent, and further estimation of the leak volume.

[0037] In nature, every substance possesses its own natural frequency. If we consider underground geological bodies as a series of layered homogeneous media, each stratum being equivalent to a damped elastic system, then these strata combine to form a composite elastic system. By observing and obtaining the multimodal resonance frequencies of this elastic system, we can understand that the natural frequency is related to the scale of each geological body (thickness in a layered model), hardness, etc. Since hardness is related to the elastic modulus, and parameters such as the P-wave velocity, density, and S-wave velocity of the geological body are also related to the elastic modulus, the natural frequency of the geological body is related to its thickness, P-wave velocity, S-wave velocity, and density. When a buried oil pipeline leaks, it causes changes in the density and seismic wave velocity of the surrounding medium, resulting in a change in the natural frequency of the surrounding medium compared to when there is no leak. By analyzing the observed seismic wave data and processing it to obtain the natural frequency information of the underground medium, we can effectively determine the location of the leak point, delineate the leak range, and estimate the leakage volume, thus providing a basis for subsequent remediation.

[0038] Example 2: This embodiment provides an oil pipeline leak detection system, such as Figure 5 As shown, an oil pipeline leak detection system includes an acquisition unit, an extraction unit, a processing unit, a calculation unit, and a judgment unit, wherein: The acquisition unit is used to acquire three-component natural source seismic wave data of the buried area corresponding to each section of the buried oil pipeline; The extraction unit is used to extract and process three-component natural source seismic wave data to obtain vertical and horizontal vibration signals. The processing unit is used to perform Fourier transform processing on the vertical component vibration signal and the horizontal component vibration signal respectively to obtain the vertical component spectrum and the horizontal component spectrum. The calculation unit is used to calculate the spectral ratio of the horizontal component spectrum to the vertical component spectrum. The determination unit is used to determine whether a section of the buried oil pipeline in each buried area has leaked based on the spectrum ratio.

[0039] Furthermore, the system also includes: The plotting unit is used to determine the spectral ratio curve of the corresponding buried area at the same detection time point, and plot the spectral ratio profile of the corresponding buried area based on the spectral ratio curve.

[0040] Example 3: This embodiment provides an oil pipeline leak detection device, such as... Figure 6 As shown, at the hardware level, it includes: The data interface is used to establish data communication between the processor and the detector in order to obtain the corresponding three-component natural source seismic wave data; Memory, used to store instructions; The processor is used to read the instructions stored in the memory and execute the oil pipeline leakage detection method in Embodiment 1 according to the instructions.

[0041] Optionally, the computer device also includes an internal bus. The processor, memory, and display can be interconnected via the internal bus, which can be an ISA (Industry Standard Architecture) bus, a PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) bus, or an EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture) bus, etc. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc.

[0042] The memory may include, but is not limited to, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, first-in-first-out (FIFO) memory, and / or first-in-last-out (FILO) memory. The processor may be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), etc.; it may also be a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components.

[0043] Example 4: This embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions. When the instructions are executed on a computer, the computer performs the oil pipeline leak detection method of Embodiment 1. The computer-readable storage medium refers to a data storage medium, which may include, but is not limited to, floppy disks, optical disks, hard disks, flash memory, USB flash drives, and / or Memory Sticks. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable systems.

[0044] This embodiment also provides a computer program product containing instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the oil pipeline leak detection method of Embodiment 1. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable system.

[0045] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting leaks in oil pipelines, characterized in that, include: Acquire three-component natural source seismic wave data of the buried area corresponding to each section of the buried oil pipeline; Data extraction and processing were performed on the three-component natural source seismic wave data to obtain the vertical component vibration signal and the horizontal component vibration signal. Fourier transforms were performed on the vertical and horizontal vibration signals respectively to obtain the vertical and horizontal component spectra. Calculate the spectral ratio of the horizontal component spectrum to the vertical component spectrum; The spectral ratio is used to determine whether a section of the buried oil pipeline in each buried area has leaked.

2. The method for detecting leaks in an oil pipeline according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical component vibration signal is recorded as V, and the horizontal component vibration signal is recorded as H. Fourier transforms are performed on the vertical component vibration signal V and the horizontal component vibration signal H respectively to obtain the vertical component spectrum V(f) and the horizontal component spectrum H(f), where f represents the frequency parameter. The spectral ratio of the horizontal component spectrum H(f) to the vertical component spectrum V(f) is calculated as follows: Where R represents the ratio of the horizontal component spectrum H(f) to the vertical component spectrum V(f).

3. The method for detecting leaks in an oil pipeline according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of determining whether a section of the buried oil pipeline corresponding to each buried area has leaked based on the spectral ratio includes: Construct the spectral ratio curves of the corresponding buried area at each detection time point, and draw the spectral ratio profile of the corresponding buried area at the same detection time point based on the spectral ratio curves of the corresponding buried area at the same detection time point. By using the spectral ratio profile of the corresponding buried area at each detection time point, it can be determined whether the section of the buried oil pipeline in that area has leaked.

4. The method for detecting leaks in an oil pipeline according to claim 3, characterized in that, The method of determining whether a section of the buried oil pipeline corresponding to a given buried area has leaked by using the spectral ratio profile of the buried area at each detection time point includes: Extract the spectral ratio profile of the corresponding buried area at each detection time point; Based on the changes in the spectral ratio curve in the spectral ratio profile at any two detection time points, it can be determined whether a leak has occurred in the buried oil pipeline section in the corresponding buried area.

5. The method for detecting leaks in an oil pipeline according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method of determining whether a buried oil pipeline segment in a corresponding buried area has leaked based on the change in the spectral ratio curve in a spectral ratio profile at any two detection time points includes: Based on the changes in the spectral ratio curve in the spectral ratio profile at any two detection time points, determine the first variation range of the natural frequency of the underground medium in the corresponding buried area. When the range of the first change area exceeds the set range threshold, it is determined that a leak has occurred in the buried oil pipeline section in the corresponding buried area.

6. The method for detecting leaks in an oil pipeline according to claim 5, characterized in that, After determining that a leak has occurred in the buried oil pipeline section in the corresponding buried area, the method further includes: Based on the changes in the spectral ratio curve in the final detection time point spectral ratio profile compared to the spectral ratio curve in the initial detection time point spectral ratio profile, the range of the second variation area of ​​the natural frequency of the underground medium in the corresponding buried area is determined. The leakage range of the buried oil pipeline in the corresponding buried area is determined based on the range of the second change area, and the leakage amount of the buried oil pipeline in the corresponding buried area is estimated based on the leakage range.

7. A leak detection system for oil pipelines, characterized in that, It includes an acquisition unit, an extraction unit, a processing unit, a calculation unit, and a decision unit, wherein: The acquisition unit is used to acquire three-component natural source seismic wave data of the buried area corresponding to each section of the buried oil pipeline; The extraction unit is used to extract and process three-component natural source seismic wave data to obtain vertical and horizontal vibration signals. The processing unit is used to perform Fourier transform processing on the vertical component vibration signal and the horizontal component vibration signal respectively to obtain the vertical component spectrum and the horizontal component spectrum. The calculation unit is used to calculate the spectral ratio of the horizontal component spectrum to the vertical component spectrum. The determination unit is used to determine whether a section of the buried oil pipeline in each buried area has leaked based on the spectrum ratio.

8. The oil pipeline leak detection system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The system also includes: The plotting unit is used to determine the spectral ratio curve of the corresponding buried area at the same detection time point, and plot the spectral ratio profile of the corresponding buried area based on the spectral ratio curve.

9. A leak detection device for oil pipelines, characterized in that, include: Memory, used to store instructions; A processor is configured to read instructions stored in the memory and execute the method according to any one of claims 1-6.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-6.

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