Treatment process for solid waste containing combustible materials

Abstract

The invention provides a treatment process for solid waste containing combustible materials, and belongs to the technical field of solid waste treatment.The treatment process comprises the following steps that raw materials are crushed and screened, and burdening is conducted according to the proportion to form a batch; conveying the batch into a sintering hopper of a sintering machine, wherein the sintering hopper sequentially passes through a drying preheating section, a sintering decarburization section, a refining decarburization section and a cooling section; flue gas of the sintering buckets in the sintering decarburization section is discharged from the lower part, is guided by a pipeline and then is introduced into the sintering buckets in the sintering decarburization section, the refining decarburization section and the cooling section, and NOX, CO, dioxin and coal tar in the flue gas can be converted into harmless compounds after being in contact with high-temperature materials in the sintering buckets; flue gas of the sintering hopper at the drying preheating section, the refining decarburization section and the cooling section is discharged into a tail gas treatment device from the lower part; when the coal gangue is treated, the aims of efficiently decarbonizing, reducing energy consumption and reducing waste gas emission can be fulfilled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of solid waste treatment technology, specifically relating to a treatment process for solid waste containing combustibles. Background Technology

[0002] The treatment methods for solid waste containing combustibles, such as coal gangue and municipal solid waste, are divided into two categories: resource utilization and final disposal. Resource utilization can realize the secondary use of solid waste; for example, through incineration power generation and pyrolysis gasification.

[0003] When processing coal gangue, since it is a byproduct of coal mining and washing, its low carbon content limits its value for direct incineration. If coal gangue is used for incineration power generation, its power generation efficiency is limited. If coal gangue is used to produce building materials, its stable crystal structure and the presence of carbon and organic impurities will affect the material's performance.

[0004] In summary, there is an urgent need for an efficient and environmentally friendly treatment method for solid waste containing combustibles, such as coal gangue. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a treatment process for solid waste containing combustibles, aiming to provide an efficient and environmentally friendly treatment method for solid waste containing combustibles such as coal gangue.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: A process for treating solid waste containing combustible materials is provided, comprising the following steps: The raw materials are crushed and screened, and then batched according to the proportions to form a compound feed. The batch material is fed into the sintering hopper of the sintering machine, and the sintering hopper passes through the drying and preheating section, the firing and decarburizing section, the refining and decarburizing section and the cooling section in sequence. The flue gas from the sintering and decarburizing section is discharged from below and guided through pipes into the sintering hoppers located in the sintering and decarburizing section, the refining and decarburizing section, and the cooling section. The NO in the flue gas... X CO, dioxins and coal tar can be converted into harmless compounds after coming into contact with the high-temperature materials in the sintering hopper; The flue gas from the drying and preheating section, the refining and decarburizing section, and the cooling section of the sintering hopper is discharged into the exhaust gas treatment device from below.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the drying and preheating section, the calcination and decarburization section, the refining and decarburization section, and the cooling section are all equipped with air boxes, and the outlet of the air boxes is connected to a fan through a pipe. The air boxes for the drying and preheating section, the firing and decarburizing section, and the cooling section are set up independently. The air boxes for the refining and decarburizing section are combined with those for the firing and decarburizing section, or the air boxes for the refining and decarburizing section are combined with those for the cooling section.

[0008] In one possible implementation, when the air box of the refining and decarbonization section is combined with the air box of the cooling section, the flue gas from the sintering hopper at the refining and decarbonization section and the cooling section is discharged into the exhaust gas treatment device from below.

[0009] In one possible implementation, when the air box of the refining and decarburizing section is combined with the air box of the sintering and decarburizing section, the flue gas from the sintering and decarburizing section and the refining and decarburizing section is divided into two parts after being discharged from the air box. Part of the flue gas is guided through a pipeline to the high-temperature materials in the sintering decarburization section and the refining decarburization section of the sintering hopper; the other part of the flue gas is introduced into the air box of the cooling section and then into the exhaust gas treatment device through a pipeline above the sintering hopper.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the cooling section includes a high-temperature section and a medium-temperature section, and another part of the flue gas is introduced into the sintering hopper from the bottom of the high-temperature section and discharged into the exhaust gas treatment device from the pipe above the sintering hopper. Cold air enters the sintering hopper from the bottom of the medium-temperature section and is then introduced into the sintering hopper above the drying and preheating section through the pipe above the sintering hopper.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the cooling section includes a first cooling section and a second cooling section. The flue gas from the calcination and decarburization section is only introduced into the first cooling section, and the pipe at the bottom of the second cooling section is connected to the sintering hopper above the drying and preheating section. Cold air enters the material from the sintering hopper at the second cooling stage and exits from the pipe at the bottom of the second cooling stage. After being guided by the pipe, it is introduced into the sintering hopper in the drying and preheating stage; and finally discharged from the bottom of the drying and preheating stage into the exhaust gas treatment device. Alternatively, cold air is introduced into the sintering hopper from the bottom of the second cooling section and discharged into the sintering hopper at the drying and preheating section from the top of the second cooling section; and finally discharged into the exhaust gas treatment device from the bottom of the drying and preheating section.

[0012] In one possible implementation, a fume hood is provided above the drying preheating section, the firing decarburization section, the refining decarburization section, and the cooling section. The fume hood of the drying preheating section is connected to the pipe at the bottom of the cooling section. The fume hoods of the firing decarburization section, the refining decarburization section, and the cooling section are respectively connected to the bottom of the firing decarburization section through pipes.

[0013] In one possible implementation, a fan is installed on the pipe at the bottom of the calcination decarburization section, and valves are installed at both the fan inlet and outlet of the pipe.

[0014] In one possible implementation, a fume hood is provided above the firing decarburization section, the fume hood is provided with an air supply pipe, and the air supply pipe is provided with a regulating valve.

[0015] In one possible implementation, a flue gas duct is provided at the bottom of the sintering decarburization section, and a fan is provided on the flue gas duct; a heat exchange tube is fitted on the flue gas duct, which is used to reduce the temperature of the flue gas in the flue gas duct to increase the density of the flue gas; when the flue gas is introduced into the high-temperature material surface in the sintering hopper, the quality of harmful gases in contact with the high-temperature material surface per unit time can be improved.

[0016] This application provides a treatment process for solid waste containing combustibles. Compared with existing technologies, when treating solid waste containing combustibles such as coal gangue, the flue gas generated in the calcination and decarburization section is circulated to the upper part of the calciner. After the flue gas comes into contact with the high-temperature materials in the sintering hopper, the NO in the flue gas is reduced. X It decomposes into nitrogen and oxygen; CO in flue gas is oxidized into carbon dioxide; dioxins in flue gas can decompose into carbon dioxide and water vapor; and coal tar can decompose into small molecule gases for combustion; therefore, NO in flue gas... X CO, dioxins, and coal tar will be purified, reducing pollutant emissions; CO in the flue gas reacts with or participates in combustion with high-temperature materials, improving heat recovery while reducing fuel consumption; by introducing the flue gas discharged from the air-cooling section into the sintering hopper above the drying and preheating section, the material in the sintering hopper can be preheated and dried, which is beneficial for removing moisture from the material; through the above-mentioned process of this application, when treating coal gangue, it is possible to achieve efficient decarbonization, reduce energy consumption, and reduce waste gas emissions, which can meet the requirements of large-scale industrial production and solve the problem of coal gangue treatment in the prior art. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing a cooling section divided into a first cooling section and a second cooling section, provided for an embodiment of this application for treating solid waste containing combustibles; Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing that the cooling section of a treatment process for solid waste containing combustibles, provided in an embodiment of this application, is divided into a high-temperature section and a medium-temperature section; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a heat exchange tube component in a treatment process for solid waste containing combustibles, provided for an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged diagram of section A in the middle; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a baffle plate portion for a treatment process of solid waste containing combustibles, provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a retaining ring portion for a treatment process of solid waste containing combustibles provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7A schematic diagram of a connecting ring portion for a treatment process of solid waste containing combustibles, provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate portion of a treatment process for solid waste containing combustibles, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Sintering hopper; 2. Igniter; 3. Bellows; 4. Fan; 5. Batching material; 7. Fume hood; 8. Heat exchanger fittings; 81. Semi-circular shell; 82. Connecting ring; 821. Limiting groove; 822. Positioning hole; 83. Retaining ring; 831. Groove; 84. Insert plate; 85. Guide plate; 86. Guide sleeve; 87. Spring; 88. First connecting plate; 89. Second connecting plate. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects to be solved by this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0020] Please refer to the following: Figures 1 to 8 This application describes a treatment process for solid waste containing combustibles. The treatment process includes the following steps: The raw materials are crushed and screened, and then batched according to the proportions to form batch 5.

[0021] The batch material 5 is conveyed into the sintering hopper 1 of the sintering machine. The sintering hopper 1 passes through the drying and preheating section, the sintering and decarburizing section, the refining and decarburizing section and the cooling section in sequence.

[0022] The flue gas from the sintering and decarburizing section of sintering hopper 1 is discharged from below and guided through pipes into the sintering and decarburizing section, the refining and decarburizing section, and the cooling section of sintering hopper 1. The NO in the flue gas... X CO, dioxins and coal tar can be converted into harmless compounds after contacting the high-temperature materials in sintering hopper 1; the cooling section includes an air cooling section, and the flue gas discharged from below the air cooling section is introduced into the sintering hopper 1 above the drying and preheating section through a pipe.

[0023] The flue gas from the drying and preheating section, the refining and decarburizing section and the cooling section of the sintering hopper 1 is discharged into the exhaust gas treatment device from below.

[0024] The mixture has a spherical structure, so there are gaps between the materials in the sintering hopper 1. The decarburization section is completed by igniting the material surface with igniter 2 and then decarburizing from top to bottom under the action of exhaust.

[0025] This application provides a treatment process for solid waste containing combustibles. Compared with existing technologies, when treating solid waste containing combustibles such as coal gangue, the flue gas generated in the calcination and decarburization section is circulated to the upper part of the calciner. After the flue gas comes into contact with the high-temperature material in the sintering hopper 1, the NO in the flue gas is reduced. X It decomposes into nitrogen and oxygen; CO in flue gas is oxidized into carbon dioxide; dioxins in flue gas can decompose into carbon dioxide and water vapor; and coal tar can decompose into small molecule gases for combustion; therefore, NO in flue gas... X CO, dioxins, and coal tar will be purified, reducing pollutant emissions; CO in the flue gas reacts with high-temperature materials or participates in combustion, improving heat recovery while reducing fuel consumption; by introducing the flue gas discharged from the air-cooling section into the sintering hopper 1 above the drying and preheating section, the material in the sintering hopper 1 can be preheated, making the material in the sintering hopper 1 dry and facilitating the removal of moisture from the material; through the above-mentioned process of this application, when treating coal gangue, it is possible to achieve efficient decarbonization, reduce energy consumption, and reduce waste gas emissions, which can meet the requirements of large-scale industrial production and solve the problem of coal gangue treatment in the prior art.

[0026] Coal gangue is crushed and then classified according to its physical particle size: coarse aggregate, medium aggregate, fine aggregate, and stone powder. During batching, the crushed materials are mixed together, and then bentonite and other aggregates are added and mixed together. This mixing process improves the overall structural strength, wear resistance, and stability, preventing later shrinkage and deformation. The particle size distribution (coarse aggregate, medium aggregate, fine aggregate, and stone powder) fills the voids in the system, improving the permeability of the mixture. The mixture described in this application can replace some natural aggregates, reducing the overall production cost of the material.

[0027] The batching material is a secondary aggregate, which, when combined with coal gangue particles, forms a more reasonable gradation and further optimizes the permeability of the mixing system. It contains active components such as silicon, aluminum, and calcium, which can undergo chemical reactions under certain conditions (such as hydration and sintering; this application adopts the sintering method) to generate cementitious substances, thereby helping to improve the overall strength. Alumina itself has high hardness, which can enhance the wear resistance and compressive strength of the mixture, making it particularly suitable for applications requiring high strength.

[0028] Bentonite plays a crucial role in binding, utilizing its viscosity after swelling upon contact with water to firmly bind the mixed particles together, making the mixture easy to shape (such as into pellets, bricks, or blocks) and preventing it from crumbling after molding. Bentonite can regulate the plasticity and water retention of materials, preventing cracking caused by excessive moisture loss during molding and improving the molding yield. Adding a small amount of bentonite to the mixture can improve its viscosity and cohesion, reduce the amount of water required for molding, and optimize subsequent curing or sintering processes.

[0029] It should be noted that the above-mentioned process in this application forms batch 5 through crushing, screening, and proportional batching. Then, relying on the sintering machine, batch 5 is passed sequentially through the drying and preheating section, the firing and decarburizing section, the refining and decarburizing section, and the cooling section, so as to carry out targeted circulation and treatment of flue gas, which has many significant effects: The flue gas discharged from the calcination and decarburization section is guided into the sintering hopper 1 of the calcination and decarburization section, the refining and decarburization section, and the cooling section, where the high-temperature material reacts with the NO in the flue gas. X The contact reaction of CO, dioxins, and coal tar can transform these harmful pollutants into harmless compounds, significantly reducing pollutant emissions and achieving environmentally friendly treatment.

[0030] By introducing the flue gas discharged from the air-cooling section into the sintering hopper 1 above the drying and preheating section, the residual heat of the flue gas can be used to dry and preheat the batch material 5, effectively removing moisture from the material and increasing the material temperature. This lays a good foundation for the subsequent firing decarburization and refining decarburization processes, and helps to improve the efficiency of sintering and the quality of the final product.

[0031] At the beginning of sintering, there is no material in the air-cooling section, so the flue gas in the air-cooling section cannot preheat the material in the drying and preheating section. At this time, the material in the drying and preheating section needs to be preheated by a direct-fired furnace. After running for a period of time, there is sintered material in the air-cooling section of sintering hopper 1. At this time, the flue gas in the air-cooling section can be introduced into the material in the drying and preheating section to preheat the material in the drying and preheating section.

[0032] In addition, the flue gas from the drying and preheating section, the refining and decarbonization section, and the cooling section are all discharged into the tail gas treatment device, which can centrally purify the tail gas generated in each section, further reducing the impact of tail gas emissions on the environment. The overall process realizes the reduction and harmlessness of solid waste containing combustibles, and improves energy utilization efficiency and reduces energy consumption costs in the treatment process by utilizing waste heat from flue gas.

[0033] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the drying preheating section, the firing decarburization section, the refining decarburization section, and the cooling section are all equipped with air boxes 3, and the outlet of the air box 3 is connected to a fan 4 through a pipe; wherein, the air boxes 3 of the drying preheating section, the firing decarburization section, and the cooling section are set independently, the air boxes 3 of the refining decarburization section are combined with the air boxes 3 of the firing decarburization section, or the air boxes 3 of the refining decarburization section are combined with the air boxes 3 of the cooling section.

[0034] Air boxes 3 are installed in the drying and preheating section, the calcination and decarburization section, the refining and decarburization section, and the cooling section. The outlet of the air box 3 is connected to the blower 4 through a pipe. Different air box 3 installation methods can be adopted according to actual needs, which can bring significant process optimization effects. The air box 3 of the refining and decarbonization section is combined with the air box 3 of the calcination and decarbonization section or the cooling section. This simplifies the structural design of the air box 3 and its supporting pipelines, reduces the number of equipment and pipeline laying costs, and lowers the difficulty of equipment installation and subsequent maintenance. When combined, the flue gas can be utilized and treated in a coordinated manner according to the correlation between the process requirements of the refining and decarbonization section and the combined section.

[0035] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, when the air box 3 of the refining and decarbonizing section and the air box 3 of the cooling section are combined, the flue gas from the sintering hopper 1 at the refining and decarbonizing section and the cooling section is discharged into the exhaust gas treatment device from below.

[0036] With the above setup, centralized treatment of flue gas from the refining and decarbonization section and the cooling section can be achieved, eliminating the need to set up separate flue gas emission channels and interfaces for the refining and decarbonization section and the cooling section, thus simplifying the pipeline structure for flue gas collection and transportation.

[0037] A unified flue gas emission path also facilitates centralized monitoring and control of parameters such as flue gas emission volume and composition, thereby improving the control efficiency of the entire process flue gas treatment.

[0038] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, when the air box 3 of the refining and decarburizing section is combined with the air box 3 of the sintering and decarburizing section, the flue gas from the sintering hopper 1 in the sintering and decarburizing section and the refining and decarburizing section is discharged from the air box 3 and divided into two parts; one part of the flue gas is guided through the pipeline to the high-temperature material in the sintering and decarburizing section and the refining and decarburizing section of the sintering hopper 1; the other part of the flue gas is introduced into the air box 3 of the cooling section and is introduced into the tail gas treatment device through the pipeline above the sintering hopper 1.

[0039] The cooling section includes a high-temperature section and a medium-temperature section, with the medium-temperature section being an air-cooled section. Another part of the flue gas enters the sintering hopper 1 from the bottom of the high-temperature section and is discharged into the exhaust gas treatment device through the pipe above the sintering hopper 1. Cold air enters the sintering hopper 1 from the bottom of the medium-temperature section and is discharged into the sintering hopper 1 above the drying and preheating section through the pipe above the sintering hopper 1.

[0040] Cold air enters the sintering hopper 1 from the bottom of the intermediate temperature section, and can further cool the material in the intermediate temperature section by air cooling to meet the material cooling requirements. After passing through the material, the cold air becomes hot air. The hot air is introduced into the sintering hopper 1 above the drying and preheating section through the pipe above the sintering hopper 1. The hot air absorbs the waste heat of the material and introduces it into the drying and preheating section to provide heat for the drying and preheating of the batch 5. This realizes the effective recovery and utilization of waste heat, reduces the energy consumption of the drying and preheating process, and the overall design improves the cooling effect, energy utilization rate and environmental protection level.

[0041] A portion of the flue gas is guided through pipelines to the high-temperature materials in the calcination and decarburization sections. Combustible components such as CO in the flue gas can react further with the high-temperature materials, improving energy utilization. The high-temperature materials can also purify pollutants such as NOx and dioxins in the flue gas, reducing pollutant emissions.

[0042] Another portion of the flue gas is introduced into the cooling section's air box 3 and then discharged into the tail gas treatment device through the pipe above the sintering hopper 1. This prevents excessive flue gas from accumulating in the sintering decarburization section and the refining decarburization section, ensuring stable pressure in both sections. When this portion of flue gas passes through the cooling section, it exchanges heat with the material, providing auxiliary cooling. It then enters the tail gas treatment device for purification, achieving both reasonable diversion and treatment of the flue gas and improving the energy utilization and environmental protection effects of the process.

[0043] It should be noted that the material surface in sintering hopper 1 is ignited in the sintering and decarburizing section. As sintering hopper 1 moves towards the cooling section, the material in sintering hopper 1 gradually burns from the top layer to the bottom layer. When sintering hopper 1 reaches the cooling section, the material in sintering hopper 1 is completely sintered, and the temperature inside sintering hopper 1 is at its highest at this time. Therefore, the high-temperature material surface in the sintering and decarburizing section, the refining and decarburizing section, and the cooling section can all purify pollutants such as CO, NOx, and dioxins in the flue gas, reducing pollutant emissions. In addition, the flue gas temperature is lower than the temperature of the material in the cooling section, so the flue gas can also play a certain role in cooling.

[0044] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the cooling section includes a first cooling section and a second cooling section, with the second cooling section being an air-cooled section. The flue gas from the sintering and decarburization section enters the cooling section only through the first cooling section. The pipe at the bottom of the second cooling section is connected to the sintering hopper 1 above the drying and preheating section, and a fan 4 is connected to the pipe in the second cooling section. Cold air enters the material from the sintering hopper 1 in the second cooling section and exits from the pipe at the bottom of the second cooling section, with the fan 4 installed on the pipe. After being guided by the pipe, the air enters the sintering hopper 1 in the drying and preheating section and is finally discharged from the bottom of the drying and preheating section into the exhaust gas treatment device. Alternatively, the cold air enters the sintering hopper 1 from the bottom of the second cooling section and exits from the pipe at the top of the second cooling section into the sintering hopper 1 in the drying and preheating section, and is finally discharged from the bottom of the drying and preheating section into the exhaust gas treatment device.

[0045] The material in the second cooling section is fully cooled by air cooling to meet the final cooling requirements of the material. After passing through the material, the cold air carries the waste heat of the material and is discharged from the bottom pipe of the second cooling section. It is then introduced into the sintering hopper 1 of the drying and preheating section to provide heat for the batch material 5 in the drying and preheating section, thus realizing the efficient recovery and utilization of waste heat.

[0046] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 8As shown, fume hoods are installed above the drying preheating section, the firing decarburization section, the refining decarburization section, and the first cooling section. The fume hood of the drying preheating section is connected to the pipe at the bottom of the second cooling section. The fume hoods of the firing decarburization section, the refining decarburization section, and the first cooling section are respectively connected to the bottom of the firing decarburization section through pipes.

[0047] The hood of the drying and preheating section is connected to the pipe at the bottom of the cooling section, which ensures that the flue gas carrying residual heat discharged from the cooling section can enter the hood of the drying and preheating section accurately and efficiently, directly acting on the batch material 5 in the drying and preheating section, using the residual heat of the flue gas for preheating, and improving the heat utilization efficiency.

[0048] The hoods of the calcination decarburization section, the refining decarburization section, and the cooling section are connected to the bottom of the calcination decarburization section through pipes, which can transport the flue gas from the bottom of the calcination decarburization section to the high-temperature material in the sintering hopper, so that the harmful gases in the flue gas come into contact with the high-temperature material surface, and the high-temperature material surface can purify the harmful gases.

[0049] Combustible components in flue gas can participate in the decarbonization reaction during combustion, improving energy efficiency; pollutants in flue gas are further purified under the high-temperature environment of the materials, reducing emissions; in addition, the installation of fume hoods can reduce the diffusion of flue gas, thereby reducing the impact on the surrounding environment.

[0050] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a fan 4 is installed on the pipe at the bottom of the firing and decarburization section, and valves are installed at the air inlet and outlet of the fan 4. A fume hood 7 is installed above the firing and decarburization section, and a gas supply pipe is installed on the fume hood 7, with a regulating valve on the gas supply pipe.

[0051] The fume hood 7 is sealed to the sintering hopper 1 to reduce the leakage of flue gas; oxygen is supplied to the sintering hopper 1 through the gas supply pipe to facilitate the complete combustion of the material in the sintering hopper 1.

[0052] The blower 4 provides power to ensure that the flue gas can be smoothly transported to the target location according to the process requirements. The output power of the blower 4 and the flow rate of the supplementary gas are controlled according to the gas pressure in the sintering hopper 1 at the decarburization section.

[0053] The air supply pipe can supply air or oxygen to the firing decarburization section, while the regulating valve can achieve precise control of the air supply amount. According to the actual needs of the decarburization reaction in the firing decarburization section, the amount of air or oxygen supplied can be controlled by adjusting the opening of the regulating valve to ensure that the oxygen required for the decarburization reaction is sufficient but not excessive.

[0054] For example, the flue gas discharged from the sintering hopper 1 below the drying and preheating section is discharged through the chimney after passing through a multi-tube dust collector and electrostatic dust removal driven by a fan; when the flue gas from the sintering hopper 1 in the refining and decarbonization section and the cooling section is treated for tail gas, the tail gas is discharged from the chimney after passing through a multi-tube dust collector, a waste heat boiler, desulfurization and denitrification and electrostatic dust removal.

[0055] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a flue gas duct is provided at the bottom of the sintering and decarburization section, and a fan 4 is installed on the flue gas duct; a heat exchange tube 8 is fitted on the flue gas duct, which is used to reduce the temperature of the flue gas in the flue gas duct to increase the density of the flue gas; when the flue gas enters the high-temperature material surface in the sintering hopper 1, it can increase the quality of harmful gases in contact with the high-temperature material surface per unit time, thereby improving the treatment efficiency of harmful gases; the heat exchange tube 8 is installed on the duct connected to the air outlet of the fan 4.

[0056] The heat exchange tube fitting 8 includes two semi-circular shells 81, which are fitted onto the pipe to form a heat exchange tube; a heat exchange space is formed between the heat exchange tube and the pipe, and the two semi-circular shells are fixed together by clamps; wherein, a connecting ring 82 is provided at both ends of the pipe and the semi-circular shell, and a secondary fixing structure is provided between the connecting ring 82 and the semi-circular shell; water pipe joints are provided on the two semi-circular shells respectively.

[0057] The two semi-circular shells 81 have identical structures and are sealed together at the connection point. The connecting ring 82 is fixed to the pipe, and the end of the semi-circular shell 81 has a retaining ring 83. After the semi-circular shell 81 is fitted onto the pipe, the inner circumferential wall of the retaining ring 83 is sealed to the pipe.

[0058] Each semi-circular shell 81 is provided with a secondary fixing structure, which is set on the retaining ring 83; each retaining ring 83 is a semi-circular structure, so each retaining ring 83 has two contact surfaces, and a secondary fixing structure is provided at each contact surface of the retaining ring 83.

[0059] The secondary fixing structure includes an insert plate 84, a guide plate 85, a guide sleeve 86, and a spring 87. The guide sleeve 86 is fixed inside the retaining ring 83, and the guide plate 85 is slidably disposed inside the guide sleeve 86. One end of the guide plate 85 extends out of the retaining ring 83, and the protruding end of the guide plate 85 is fixedly connected to the insert plate 84. The outer side of the retaining ring 83 has a groove 831 for accommodating the insert plate 84. One end of the spring 87 is connected to the inner end of the guide plate 85, and the other end of the spring 87 is connected to the guide sleeve 86. The spring 87 provides tension to the guide plate 85, so that the insert plate 84 is inserted into the groove 831 of the retaining ring. After the insert plate 84 is inserted into the groove 831, the upper surface of the insert plate 84 is coplanar with the upper surface of the retaining ring 83.

[0060] The connecting ring 82 is fixed on the pipe, and the corresponding position of the connecting ring 82 and the insert plate 84 has a limiting groove 821. After the semi-circular shell 81 is fitted onto the pipe, the insert plate 84 on the semi-circular shell 81 is aligned with the limiting groove 821, and the two semi-circular shells 81 are fixed together by clamps. After water is supplied into the semi-circular shell 81, the water pressure inside the semi-circular shell 81 can drive the insert plate 84 to slide outward, and finally the insert plate 84 is inserted into the limiting groove 821 on the connecting ring 82, which plays a radial limiting role for the semi-circular shell 81 and reduces the possibility of the semi-circular shell 81 separating from the pipe during the water supply process.

[0061] When the semi-circular shell 81 is fitted onto the pipe, a positioning hole 822 is provided on the top of the connecting ring 82 to position the insert plate 84. The positioning hole 822 is located at and connected to the limiting groove 821. One of the insert plates 84 has a hole aligned with the positioning hole 822. By inserting a pin into the positioning hole 822 and the hole on the insert plate 84, the insertion position of the semi-circular shell 81 can be positioned. After water is supplied into the semi-circular shell 81, the water pressure can drive the insert plate 84 to slide outward, thereby allowing the insert plate 84 to insert into the limiting groove 821 on the connecting ring 82, radially limiting the semi-circular shell 81.

[0062] Before the semi-circular shell 81 is fitted onto the pipe, the insert plate 84 is inserted into the groove 831 under the tension of the spring 87. Therefore, the insert plate 84 will not interfere with the fitting process of the semi-circular shell 81. When disassembling the semi-circular shell 81, if there is high water pressure inside the semi-circular shell 81, even if the clamp is removed, the semi-circular shell 81 cannot be removed, thus improving safety performance and reducing the possibility of the semi-circular shell 81 flying off the pipe under water pressure.

[0063] For example, a first connecting plate 88 and a second connecting plate 89 are fixedly provided at both ends of the spring 87. The outer peripheral wall of the first connecting plate 88 contacts the inner peripheral wall of the guide sleeve. The second connecting plate 89 is fixed to the end of the guide sleeve by bolts. The first connecting plate 88 is fixed to the guide plate 85 by bolts. The second connecting plate 89 has water-permeable holes, which allow water in the semi-circular shell 81 to enter the guide sleeve 86.

[0064] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A treatment process for solid waste containing combustibles, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The raw materials are crushed and screened, and then batched according to the proportions to form a compound feed. The batch material is fed into the sintering hopper of the sintering machine, and the sintering hopper passes through the drying and preheating section, the firing and decarburizing section, the refining and decarburizing section and the cooling section in sequence. The flue gas from the sintering and decarburizing section is discharged from below and guided through pipes into the sintering hoppers located in the sintering and decarburizing section, the refining and decarburizing section, and the cooling section. The NO in the flue gas... X CO, dioxins and coal tar can be converted into harmless compounds after contacting the high-temperature materials in the sintering hopper; the cooling section includes an air cooling section, and the flue gas discharged from the bottom of the air cooling section is introduced into the sintering hopper above the drying and preheating section through a pipe. The flue gas from the drying and preheating section, the refining and decarburizing section, and the cooling section of the sintering hopper is discharged into the exhaust gas treatment device from below.

2. The treatment process for solid waste containing combustibles as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The drying and preheating section, the calcination and decarburization section, the refining and decarburization section, and the cooling section are all equipped with air boxes, and the outlet of the air boxes is connected to a fan through a pipe; The air boxes for the drying and preheating section, the firing and decarburizing section, and the cooling section are set up independently. The air boxes for the refining and decarburizing section are combined with those for the firing and decarburizing section, or the air boxes for the refining and decarburizing section are combined with those for the cooling section.

3. The treatment process for solid waste containing combustibles as described in claim 2, characterized in that, When the air box of the refining and decarbonization section is combined with the air box of the cooling section, the flue gas from the sintering hopper at the refining and decarbonization section and the cooling section is discharged into the exhaust gas treatment device from below.

4. The treatment process for solid waste containing combustibles as described in claim 2, characterized in that, When the air box of the refining and decarburizing section is combined with the air box of the sintering and decarburizing section, the flue gas from the sintering and decarburizing section and the refining and decarburizing section is divided into two parts after being discharged from the air box. Part of the flue gas is guided through a pipeline to the high-temperature materials in the sintering decarburization section and the refining decarburization section of the sintering hopper; the other part of the flue gas is introduced into the air box of the cooling section and then into the exhaust gas treatment device through a pipeline above the sintering hopper.

5. The treatment process for solid waste containing combustibles as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The cooling section includes a high-temperature section and a medium-temperature section, with the medium-temperature section being an air-cooled section; another part of the flue gas is introduced into the sintering hopper from the bottom of the high-temperature section and discharged into the exhaust gas treatment device from the pipe above the sintering hopper. Cold air enters the sintering hopper from the bottom of the medium-temperature section and is then introduced into the sintering hopper above the drying and preheating section through the pipe above the sintering hopper.

6. The treatment process for solid waste containing combustibles as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling section includes a first cooling section and a second cooling section. The second cooling section is an air-cooled section. The flue gas from the calcination and decarburization section is only introduced into the first cooling section. The pipe at the bottom of the second cooling section is connected to the sintering hopper above the drying and preheating section. Cold air enters the material from the sintering hopper at the second cooling stage and exits from the pipe at the bottom of the second cooling stage. After being guided by the pipe, it is introduced into the sintering hopper in the drying and preheating stage; and finally discharged from the bottom of the drying and preheating stage into the exhaust gas treatment device. Alternatively, cold air is introduced into the sintering hopper from the bottom of the second cooling section and discharged into the sintering hopper at the drying and preheating section from the top of the second cooling section; and finally discharged into the exhaust gas treatment device from the bottom of the drying and preheating section.

7. The treatment process for solid waste containing combustibles as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Fume hoods are installed above the drying preheating section, the firing decarburization section, the refining decarburization section, and the cooling section. The fume hood of the drying preheating section is connected to the pipe at the bottom of the cooling section. The fume hoods of the firing decarburization section, the refining decarburization section, and the cooling section are respectively connected to the bottom of the firing decarburization section through pipes.

8. The treatment process for solid waste containing combustibles as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A fan is installed on the pipe at the bottom of the calcination and decarburization section, and valves are installed at both the fan inlet and outlet of the pipe.

9. The treatment process for solid waste containing combustibles as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A fume hood is installed above the decarburization section, and the fume hood is equipped with an air supply pipe, which is equipped with a regulating valve.

10. The treatment process for solid waste containing combustibles as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the sintering and decarburization section is equipped with a flue gas duct and a fan. A heat exchange tube is fitted on the flue gas duct to reduce the temperature of the flue gas in the duct and increase the density of the flue gas. When the flue gas is introduced into the high-temperature material surface in the sintering hopper, it can improve the quality of harmful gases that come into contact with the high-temperature material surface per unit time.

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