Lens automatic switching device and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an automatic lens switching device and a using method thereof. The automatic lens switching device comprises a frame structure, a lens library, a sliding groove structure, a driving mechanism, an electromagnetic translation pushing structure, an electromagnetic hook supporting structure and an electromagnetic locking structure. The lens units are stored in the lens library in a slightly oblique and nearly horizontal manner, and are matched with the guiding of a precise sliding chute, so that the radial space occupation is obviously reduced. Automatic switching is achieved in the mode that motor driving and electromagnetic control are combined, an electromagnetic translation pushing structure drives a lens unit to ascend, an electromagnetic hook supporting structure selectively hooks and supports a target lens, unselected lens units automatically fall back under the action of gravity, and finally accurate positioning is completed through an electromagnetic locking structure. According to the invention, rapid and accurate lens switching in a compact space is realized, and the system has the advantages of high space utilization rate, good positioning precision, high automation degree and low energy consumption, and is especially suitable for integrated optical systems and precise instruments and equipment.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of optical instruments and precision machinery, and in particular to a lens automatic switching device and a method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In optical instruments, semiconductor equipment and other precision equipment, different lenses (such as attenuation pieces, filter pieces, lenses, etc.) are often switched to achieve different optical functions. There are mainly two lens switching methods in the prior art: one is a manual plug-in type, which has a large operation space and low positioning accuracy; the other is a rotating wheel type, which has improved positioning accuracy, but occupies a large radial space, which is not conducive to the miniaturization and integration of the equipment. With the continuous improvement of the modularization and integration of the equipment, the existing switching method cannot meet the needs of high-density layout and automatic operation. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a lens automatic switching scheme that can save space and achieve rapid and accurate positioning. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application relates to the field of optical instruments and precision machinery, and in particular to a lens automatic switching device and a method thereof.

[0004] According to one object of the present application, the present application provides a lens automatic switching device, comprising: a frame structure; a lens library arranged at the bottom of the frame structure for storing a plurality of lens units; a sliding groove structure arranged on the side stand of the frame structure for guiding the lens units to move along a predetermined track; a driving mechanism for driving the lens units to move in the sliding groove structure; an electromagnetic translation pushing structure connected with the driving mechanism for driving the driving mechanism to perform outward pushing and return actions; an electromagnetic hooking structure for selectively hooking a target lens unit; an electromagnetic locking structure for locking the target lens unit that has been hooked by the electromagnetic hooking structure.

[0005] Further, the lens units are stored in the lens library in a micro-inclined manner close to lying.

[0006] Further, the sliding groove structure includes a guide sliding groove and a driving sliding groove arranged on the side stands of the frame structure, and the lower part of the driving sliding groove is provided with an opening; the lens units are matched with the guide sliding groove and the driving sliding groove through bearings.

[0007] Further, the driving mechanism comprises: a driving motor; a gear wheel connected with the output shaft of the driving motor; a rack engaged with the gear wheel; a plurality of pulleys arranged on the rack and engaged with the lens units; wherein the electromagnetic translation pushing structure acts on the rack to drive it to push out or return.

[0008] Further, the electromagnetic translation pushing structure comprises a translation electromagnetic driving lock and a push rod, for converting the electromagnetic force generated by the translation electromagnetic driving lock into a linear pushing force on the rack.

[0009] Further, the electromagnetic hooking structure comprises a plurality of independent electromagnetic driving units, each comprising an electromagnetic driving lock, a push pin connected with the electromagnetic driving lock, and a hook linked with the push pin; wherein the hook is configured to advance to hook the upper rotating shaft of the corresponding lens unit or retreat to release the lens unit under the driving of the electromagnetic driving lock.

[0010] Further, the electromagnetic locking structure comprises: a locking electromagnetic driving lock; a connecting rod connected with the output end of the locking electromagnetic driving lock; a locking pin plate connected with the connecting rod and configured to move linearly under the driving of the locking electromagnetic driving lock to insert into or exit from the positioning hole on the lens unit, thereby achieving locking or releasing.

[0011] Further, it further comprises a control unit configured to control the driving mechanism, electromagnetic translation pushing structure, electromagnetic hooking structure and electromagnetic locking structure to act in coordination according to a predetermined program to achieve automatic switching of the lenses.

[0012] According to another object of the present application, the present application provides a method for using the above-mentioned lens automatic switching device, comprising the following steps: driving all lens units to rise from the storage position in the lens library to the standby position; hooking the selected one or more target lens units through the electromagnetic hooking structure; making the lens units not hooked by the electromagnetic translation pushing structure act to fall off the support under the action of gravity and fall back to the lens library; locking the target lens units through the electromagnetic locking structure.

[0013] Further, before switching to a new lens combination, it further comprises a resetting step: unlocking the currently locked lens units; driving all lens units to rise to the standby position again; release the lens unit hooked by the electromagnetic hook structure; make all lens units fall back to the storage position in the lens library.

[0014] The technical scheme of the present application greatly compresses the radial space occupation of the device by innovative micro-inclined near-horizontal lens library layout and precise sliding groove guide structure, making it particularly suitable for highly integrated optical systems. During the operation of the device, combined with motor drive and electromagnetic control, fast, accurate and fully automatic switching of the lenses is achieved, and the positioning reliability is significantly improved. Its unique feature is the ingenious use of the self-weight of the lens unit to realize backfall homing, which not only simplifies the mechanical structure, reduces the system complexity and energy consumption, but also improves the reliability and efficiency of the action. The whole adopts modular design, compact structure, strong stability, good scalability and maintenance convenience, effectively solving the technical problems of large space demand, low positioning accuracy and insufficient automation of traditional switching methods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creative labor.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a general assembly schematic diagram of the device of the embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 It is a lens sliding principle schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 It is a sliding groove structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 It is a lens library structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 It is a lens unit structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 It is a structure schematic diagram of the driving structure of the embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 It is a rack upper pulley sliding groove structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 It is a front view schematic diagram of the electromagnetic push rod hook structure of the embodiment of the present application; Figure 9 It is a back view schematic diagram of the electromagnetic push rod hook structure of the embodiment of the present application; Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic locking structure of the embodiment of the present application; Figure 11 It is a micro-inclined lying storage schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present application; Figure 12 The schematic diagram of sliding up middle section for the embodiment of the application; Figure 13 The schematic diagram of sliding up to vertical position for the embodiment of the application; Figure 14 The schematic diagram of hooking up a lens unit by electromagnetic push rod hook for the embodiment of the application; Figure 15 The schematic diagram of driving sliding rail outwards by electromagnetic push rod for the embodiment of the application; Figure 16 The schematic diagram of falling down of lens unit not hooked for the embodiment of the application; Figure 17 The schematic diagram of locking up a lens unit by electromagnetic push rod for the embodiment of the application; 101, bottom plate; 102, left vertical plate; 103, right vertical plate; 104, upper cover; 201, lens unit one; 202, lens unit two; 203, lens unit three; 204, lens unit four; 205, lens unit five; 206, lens unit six; 207, lens unit seven; 208, lens unit eight; 209, lens unit nine; 2011, first bearing; 2012, second bearing; 2013, third bearing; 2014, fourth bearing; 2015, frame; 301, micro motor; 302, gear; 303, rack; 311, first pin; 312, second pin; 313, third pin; 314, fourth pin; 321, first pulley; 322, second pulley; 323, third pulley; 324, fourth pulley; 325, fifth pulley; 326, sixth pulley; 327, seventh pulley; 328, eighth pulley; 329, ninth pulley; 331, first stop block; 332, second stop block; 333, third stop block; 334, fourth stop block; 335, fifth stop block; 336, sixth stop block; 337, seventh stop block; 338, eighth stop block; 339, ninth stop block; 341, translation electromagnetic drive lock; 342, translation push pin; 343, push rod; 344, limit screw; 401, first electromagnetic drive lock; 402, second electromagnetic drive lock; 403, third electromagnetic drive lock; 404, fourth electromagnetic drive lock; 405, fifth electromagnetic drive lock; 406, sixth electromagnetic drive lock; 407, seventh electromagnetic drive lock; 408, eighth electromagnetic drive lock; 409, ninth electromagnetic drive lock; 411, first pusher; 412, second pusher; 413, third pusher; 414, fourth pusher; 415, fifth pusher; 416, sixth pusher; 417, seventh pusher; 418, eighth pusher; 419, ninth pusher; 421, first hook; 422, second hook; 423, third hook; 424, fourth hook; 425, fifth hook; 426, sixth hook; 427, seventh hook; 428, eighth hook; 429, ninth hook; 501, locking electromagnetic drive lock; 502, locking pusher; 503, connecting rod; 504, lock plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the protection scope of the present application.

[0018] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0019] In addition, the terms "first", "second", are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise explicitly and specifically limited. In addition, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting" should be broadly understood, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the communication between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0020] Embodiment 1 As Figures 1-17As shown, a lens automatic switching device includes a square box-shaped shell composed of a bottom plate 101, a left vertical plate 102, a right vertical plate 103 and an upper cover 104. The left vertical plate 102 is provided with a guide sliding groove, and the right vertical plate 103 is provided with symmetric drive sliding grooves, and the drive sliding grooves are provided with openings at the lower part for the pulleys to pass through.

[0021] The lens library is provided on the bottom plate 101 and includes a plurality of slots for storing lens units (lens unit one 201, lens unit two 202, lens unit three 203, lens unit four 204, lens unit five 205, lens unit six 206, lens unit seven 207, lens unit eight 208 and lens unit nine 209). Each lens unit (taking lens unit one 201 as an example) includes a lens frame 2015 and bearings (first bearing 2011, second bearing 2012, third bearing 2013, fourth bearing 2014 and lens frame 2015) mounted thereon, and the lens frame 2015 is provided with a slit g1 and a positioning hole h1.

[0022] The drive mechanism includes a micro motor 301, a gear 302, a rack 303 and a plurality of pulleys (first pulley 321, second pulley 322, third pulley 323, fourth pulley 324, fifth pulley 325, sixth pulley 326, seventh pulley 327, eighth pulley 328 and ninth pulley 329). The rack 303 is provided with a downward sliding groove structure, and the pulleys can slide therein, and the lower part is provided with a stop block (first stop block 331, second stop block 332, third stop block 333, fourth stop block 334, fifth stop block 335, sixth stop block 336, seventh stop block 337, eighth stop block 338 and ninth stop block 339) to prevent falling off.

[0023] The electromagnetic push rod hook structure includes a plurality of electromagnetic drive locks (including first electromagnetic drive lock 401, second electromagnetic drive lock 402, third electromagnetic drive lock 403, fourth electromagnetic drive lock 404, fifth electromagnetic drive lock 405, sixth electromagnetic drive lock 406, seventh electromagnetic drive lock 407, eighth electromagnetic drive lock 408 and ninth electromagnetic drive lock 409), push pins (including first push pin 411, second push pin 412, third push pin 413, fourth push pin 414, fifth push pin 415, sixth push pin 416, seventh push pin 417, eighth push pin 418 and ninth push pin 419) and hook supports (including first hook support 421, second hook support 422, third hook support 423, fourth hook support 424, fifth hook support 425, sixth hook support 426, seventh hook support 427, eighth hook support 428 and ninth hook support 429) for hooking the target lens unit.

[0024] Electromagnetic translational push structure: used to push the rack of the drive mechanism outward or inward; the electromagnetic translational push structure consists of a translational electromagnetic drive lock 341, a translational pusher 342, a push rod 343, and a limit screw 344. The translational electromagnetic drive lock 341 and the translational pusher 342 generate electromagnetic force to provide power. The cylinder at the tail end of the push rod 343 and the oblique groove-shaped sliding pair at the head of the translational pusher 342 change the direction of translational push. The limit screw 344 restricts the connecting rack 303 to ensure that it can reciprocate and push out without falling off.

[0025] The electromagnetic locking structure includes a locking electromagnetic drive lock 501, a locking pusher 502, a connecting rod 503, and a locking pin plate 504, which are used to lock the lens unit.

[0026] Taking the selection of lens unit 5205 as an example, the switching process is as follows: In the initial state, all lens units are slightly tilted and lying flat; The micro motor 301 starts, driving all lens units to rise to the vertical position; The fifth electromagnetic drive lock 405 is energized, which pushes the fifth hook 425 to hook the lens unit 205; When the translation electromagnetic drive lock 341 is energized, it pushes the rack 303 to move outward, and the unhooked lens unit falls back under the action of gravity; When the electromagnetic drive lock 501 is energized, it pushes the locking pin plate 504 to lock the lens unit 205.

[0027] During the above process, the control unit coordinates the actions of each component to ensure accurate and reliable switching.

[0028] Example 2 like Figures 1-17 As shown, an automatic lens switching device includes: The frame structure, including the base plate 101, the left upright plate 102, the right upright plate 103 and the top cover 104, forms a rectangular installation space; The lens library located on the bottom plate 101 of the frame structure is used to store multiple lens units (lens unit 1 201, lens unit 202, lens unit 3 203, lens unit 4 204, lens unit 5 205, lens unit 6 206, lens unit 7 207, lens unit 8 208 and lens unit 9 209). The sliding groove structure provided on the left upright plate 102 and right upright plate 103 on both sides of the frame structure is used to guide the lens unit to move along a predetermined trajectory. A drive mechanism is used to drive the lens unit to move along the slide structure; An electromagnetic push rod hook structure is used to selectively hook and position the target lens unit; Electromagnetic translational push structure: used to push the rack of the drive mechanism outward or inward; An electromagnetic locking structure is used to lock the selected lens unit.

[0029] Specifically, the lens units are stored in the lens library at a slightly angled, nearly flat position to save radial space.

[0030] The chute structure includes a guide chute on the left vertical plate 102 and a drive chute on the right vertical plate 103. The two are arranged symmetrically, and the lower part of the drive chute is provided with an opening for the pulley to pass through.

[0031] Specifically, the drive mechanism includes a micro motor 301, a gear 302 connected to the output shaft of the micro motor 301, a rack 303 meshing with the gear 302, and multiple pulleys mounted on the rack 303. The rack 303 has a downward-sloping groove structure in which the pulleys can slide, and a stop block at the bottom of the rack 303 prevents the pulleys from falling off. The drive mechanism drives the pulleys via the rack 303, thereby pushing the lens unit up or down along the groove.

[0032] The electromagnetic translational push structure consists of a translational electromagnetic drive lock 341, a translational pusher 342, a push rod 343, and a limiting screw 344. The translational electromagnetic drive lock 341 and the translational pusher 342 generate electromagnetic force to provide power. The cylindrical end of the push rod 343 and the oblique groove-shaped sliding pair at the head of the translational pusher 342 change the direction of translational push. The limiting screw 344 restricts the connecting rack 303 to ensure that it can reciprocate and push out without falling off.

[0033] The electromagnetic push rod hook structure includes multiple electromagnetic drive locks, push rods connected to the electromagnetic drive locks, and a hook that is linked to the push rods and can move back and forth. It is used to hook and support the target lens unit after the lens unit rises. When the hook moves forward, it supports the upper rotation axis of the lens unit; when it moves backward, it releases the lens unit.

[0034] The electromagnetic locking structure includes a locking electromagnetic drive lock 501, a locking pusher 502, a connecting rod 503, and a locking pin plate 504. The locking pin plate 504 can move linearly in the groove of the upper cover 104 to lock the position of the lens unit after it is positioned.

[0035] It also includes a control unit for controlling the coordinated operation of the drive mechanism, the electromagnetic push rod hook support structure, and the electromagnetic locking structure.

[0036] The lens unit includes a frame 2015, multiple bearings mounted on the frame 2015, and slits and positioning holes provided on the frame 2015.

[0037] The method of using the above-mentioned automatic lens switching device includes the following steps: S1. In the initial state, all lens units lie flat at a slight angle in the lens library; S2. The drive mechanism drives all lens units to rise from the slightly tilted, flat storage state along the slide to the vertical position. S3, Electromagnetic push rod hook support structure hooks and supports the target lens unit; S4. The electromagnetic translation push structure pushes the rack of the drive mechanism outward, and the unhooked lens unit falls back into the lens library under the action of gravity; S5. The electromagnetic locking structure locks the target lens unit, completing the switching.

[0038] Specifically, the drive mechanism drives the gear rack 303 via the micro motor 301, which in turn drives the pulley to push the lens unit up along the slide groove.

[0039] The electromagnetic push rod hook support structure is driven by electromagnetic force to push the push rod forward, thereby pushing the hook forward to hook and support the lens unit.

[0040] The electromagnetic locking structure uses electromagnetic force to drive the locking pin plate forward and insert it into the positioning hole of the lens unit to achieve locking.

[0041] When switching between different lens combinations, multiple target lens units are hooked up during the ascent phase and locked before the descent.

[0042] Before the next switch, the locked lens units are unlocked, all lens units are raised, the original hook structure is released, and all lens units are returned to the storage state.

[0043] Example 3 like Figures 1-17 As shown, an automatic lens switching device includes: The rectangular outer casing serves as the mounting base for supporting other components. like Figure 1 As shown, the rectangular shell is composed of a base plate 101, a left vertical plate 102, a right vertical plate 103, and a top cover 104.

[0044] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the inner wall of the left upright plate 102 is engraved with a sliding groove for the lens unit to slide and switch. In order to prevent the bearings of adjacent lens units from accidentally entering the wrong groove, the lower part of the sliding groove is designed with different values, which gradually increase from left to right, corresponding to the groove depth. The lengths of the two bearings at the bottom of the lens unit also correspond to the groove depth, one by one, to ensure that they will not accidentally slide into other incorrect grooves.

[0045] The right vertical plate 103 is also engraved with a groove, which is symmetrical in shape to the groove on the left vertical plate 102. The difference is that the groove on the right vertical plate 103 is engraved through the lower part so that the pulley can drive the lens unit after passing through the plate. In addition, the right vertical plate 103 is drilled with mounting holes for a micro motor 301 and mounting holes for pins (including first pin 311, second pin 312, third pin 313 and fourth pin 314) for limiting the rack 303.

[0046] Lens storage unit: This is a unit for storing lenses used for switching to spare lenses. like Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the lens library has a total of 9 slots, which correspond to 9 lens units, including lens unit 1 201, lens unit 202, lens unit 3 203, lens unit 4 204, lens unit 5 205, lens unit 6 206, lens unit 7 207, lens unit 8 208 and lens unit 9 209.

[0047] like Figure 5 As shown, a single lens unit, taking lens unit 201 as an example, is composed of a first bearing 2011, a second bearing 2012, a third bearing 2013, a fourth bearing 2014, and a lens frame 2015. A slit g1 and a positioning hole h1 are designed on the lens frame 2015.

[0048] Miniature motor drive structure: used to drive the lens unit to move within the slide. like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the drive mechanism consists of a micro motor 301, a gear 302, a rack 303, and first pins 311, second pins 312, third pins 313, and fourth pins 314 for limiting the rack 303. A downward sliding groove structure is provided below the rack 303, allowing the first pulley 321, second pulley 322, third pulley 323, fourth pulley 324, fifth pulley 325, sixth pulley 326, seventh pulley 327, eighth pulley 328, and ninth pulley 329 to slide within it. At the bottom, first stop blocks 331, second stop blocks 332, third stop blocks 333, fourth stop blocks 334, fifth stop blocks 335, sixth stop blocks 336, seventh stop blocks 337, eighth stop blocks 338, and ninth stop blocks 339 are provided to prevent the pulleys in the corresponding grooves from falling out.

[0049] Electromagnetic translational push structure: used to push the rack 303 outward and return it inward. like Figure 6As shown, the electromagnetic translational pushing structure consists of a translational electromagnetic drive lock 341, a translational pusher 342, a push rod 343, and a limiting screw 344. The translational electromagnetic drive lock 341 and the translational pusher 342 generate electromagnetic force to provide power. The cylinder at the tail end of the push rod 343 and the oblique groove-shaped sliding pair at the head of the translational pusher 342 change the direction of translational pushing. The limiting screw 344 restricts the connecting rack 303 to ensure that it can reciprocate and push out without falling off.

[0050] Electromagnetic push rod hook support structure: used to support the lens unit after it has been repositioned. like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the electromagnetic push rod hook support structure consists of nine hook electromagnetic drive locks (including the first electromagnetic drive lock 401, the second electromagnetic drive lock 402, the third electromagnetic drive lock 403, the fourth electromagnetic drive lock 404, the fifth electromagnetic drive lock 405, the sixth electromagnetic drive lock 406, the seventh electromagnetic drive lock 407, the eighth electromagnetic drive lock 408 and the ninth electromagnetic drive lock 409), nine pushers (including the first pusher 411, the second pusher 412, the third pusher 413, the fourth pusher 414, the fifth pusher 415, the sixth pusher 416, the seventh pusher 417, the eighth pusher 418 and the ninth pusher 419) and nine hooks (including the first hook 421, the second hook 422, the third hook 423, the fourth hook 424, the fifth hook 425, the sixth hook 426, the seventh hook 427, the eighth hook 428 and the ninth hook 429). Specifically, the electromagnetic drive locks 401~409 drive the pushers 411~419, causing the hooks 421~429 to move forward or backward. Moving forward can hook and support the lens unit after it has been moved, while pushing backward releases the lens unit.

[0051] Electromagnetic locking structure: used to lock the repositioned lens unit. like Figure 10 As shown, the electromagnetic locking structure consists of a locking electromagnetic drive lock 501, a locking pusher 502, a connecting rod 503, and a locking pin plate 504. Specifically, the locking electromagnetic drive lock 501 drives the locking pusher 502 to push the connecting rod 503, causing the locking pin plate 504 to move forward or backward. Moving forward can lock the lens unit after it has been moved, while moving backward releases the lens unit. The linear movement of the locking pin plate 504 depends on the sliding groove structure on the upper cover 104 to ensure its linear movement.

[0052] Switching process: Taking switching to lens unit 5 205 as an example, the lens switching process is explained below: 1. For example Figures 11-13 As shown, the initial state is that all lens units are slightly tilted and lying flat in storage. When the micro motor 301 is powered on, it drives the structure to move forward, causing all lens units to slide up to the vertical state.

[0053] 2. For example Figure 14As shown, when the fifth electromagnetic drive lock 405 is energized, the electromagnetic force drives the fifth pusher 415 to move, causing the fifth hook 425 to move forward and hook the repositioned lens unit.

[0054] 3. For example Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, the electromagnetic drive lock 341 of the energized electromagnetic translation push structure generates electromagnetic force to push the translation pusher 342. The push rod 343 changes the direction of movement, pushing the rack 303 outward, thereby pulling out the pulleys (first pulley 321, second pulley 322, third pulley 323, fourth pulley 324, fifth pulley 325, sixth pulley 326, seventh pulley 327, eighth pulley 328, and ninth pulley 329). At this time, the unhooked lens units fall freely back to their original positions due to gravity. Only the hooked lens unit 205 remains suspended above, and it can now swing freely around its axis on the fifth hook 425. Therefore, it does not obstruct the free fall and return of adjacent lens units to their positions.

[0055] 4. For example Figure 17 As shown, the energized electromagnetic locking structure uses an electromagnetic drive lock 501 to generate an electromagnetic force that pushes the locking pin plate 504 to move forward, thus locking the lens unit.

[0056] The switching process is now complete. Note that the example above only illustrates the selection of one lens unit. In practice, multiple lens units need to be selected. These are hooked onto the selected units as they rise to the vertical position, and then locked in place. Before the next switch, the lower rotating shaft of the currently selected lens unit must be unlocked. Then, all lens units are raised, their supports released, and all lens units returned to their slightly tilted, flat, stored position to prepare for the next selection and switch.

[0057] The electrical components selected in this example are of commonly used industrial specifications. In practice, even smaller drive electrical components can be used, further reducing the size of the device. If it is not necessary to use it in a confined space, manual switching can also be used, resulting in a simpler structure.

[0058] The main body of the device in this embodiment adopts a rectangular cross-section structure, forming a rectangular space. The bottom is a lens storage area for storing pre-selected lenses. The vertical plates on both sides are engraved with specific grooves for precise guidance during lens switching. The switching power is provided by a micro motor, gears, and racks, which saves a lot of space. The electromagnetic push rod hook structure and locking mechanism are driven by electromagnetic locking pins. The switching logic is clear and straightforward. During the switching action, it also makes full use of its own gravity free fall and free suspension swing function, making full use of gravity drive and saving energy. Because the upper rotation axis of the lens plate unit is hooked, the lower part can move freely. This does not interfere with the downward movement of adjacent lens units due to gravity, and also further reduces the space occupied along the beam direction. After the unselected lens unit returns to its position, the selected lens unit is locked, which increases the stability of the lens unit during operation.

[0059] In the above embodiments, the electrical components in the drive mechanism, electromagnetic push rod hook structure, and electromagnetic locking structure can be miniaturized to further reduce the device size. The device in this embodiment can also be configured for manual operation, allowing lens switching to be achieved through a manual drive mechanism.

[0060] This invention significantly saves radial space through a slightly tilted, flat lens magazine and precision sliding groove design, making it suitable for highly integrated optical systems. It combines motor drive and electromagnetic control to achieve fully automatic, rapid switching with high positioning accuracy. Gravity is used to achieve the natural fall of lens units, resulting in a simple, reliable, and low-energy-consumption structure. The modular design facilitates maintenance and expansion, allowing for the addition or removal of lenses as needed.

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic lens switching device, characterized in that, include: Framework structure; A lens storage unit, located at the bottom of the frame structure, is used to store multiple lens units; A chute structure is provided on the side plate of the frame structure to guide the lens unit to move along a predetermined trajectory; A drive mechanism is used to drive the lens unit to move in the slide structure; An electromagnetic translational push structure is connected to the drive mechanism and is used to drive the drive mechanism to perform outward pushing and return actions; Electromagnetic hook support structure, used for selectively hooking and supporting target lens units; An electromagnetic locking structure is used to lock the target lens unit that has been hooked by the electromagnetic hook structure.

2. The automatic lens switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lens unit is stored in the lens library in a slightly tilted, nearly flat position.

3. The automatic lens switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slide structure includes a guide slide and a drive slide on the two upright plates of the frame structure, and the lower part of the drive slide has an opening; the lens unit cooperates with the guide slide and the drive slide through a bearing.

4. The automatic lens switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive mechanism includes: Drive motor; The gear is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor; A rack that meshes with the gear; Multiple pulleys are mounted on the rack and engage with the lens unit; The electromagnetic translational pushing structure acts on the rack, driving it to push outward or return to its original position.

5. The automatic lens switching device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The electromagnetic translational drive structure includes a translational electromagnetic drive lock and a push rod, which are used to convert the electromagnetic force generated by the translational electromagnetic drive lock into a linear thrust on the rack.

6. The automatic lens switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electromagnetic hook support structure includes multiple independent electromagnetic drive units. Each electromagnetic drive unit includes an electromagnetic drive lock, a pusher connected to the electromagnetic drive lock, and a hook linked to the pusher. The hook is configured to advance under the drive of the electromagnetic drive lock to hook the upper rotation axis of the corresponding lens unit, or to retract to release the lens unit.

7. The automatic lens switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electromagnetic locking structure includes: Locking electromagnetic drive lock; The connecting rod is connected to the output end of the locking electromagnetic drive lock; The locking pin plate, connected to the connecting rod, is configured to move linearly under the drive of the locking electromagnetic drive lock to insert into or exit the positioning hole on the lens unit, thereby achieving locking or releasing.

8. The automatic lens switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a control unit, which is configured to control the drive mechanism, the electromagnetic translation push structure, the electromagnetic hook support structure and the electromagnetic locking structure to work together in a predetermined program to achieve automatic lens switching.

9. The method of using the automatic lens switching device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Drive all lens units from their storage location in the lens library to their ready position; The electromagnetic hook structure supports one or more selected target lens units; The electromagnetic translation push structure is activated, causing the unhooked lens unit to detach from the support and fall back into the lens library under the action of gravity. The target lens unit is locked by the electromagnetic locking structure.

10. The method of using the automatic lens switching device according to claim 9, characterized in that, A reset step is also included before switching to the new lens combination: Release the lock on the currently locked lens unit; Drive all lens units to rise to the ready position again; Release the lens unit held by the electromagnetic hook structure; This causes all lens units to fall back to their storage locations in the lens library.

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