Drawing box type modular slide rail battery compartment for robot

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of robot battery compartments, and discloses a drawing box type modular slide rail battery compartment for a robot, which comprises a battery compartment, a slide rail is arranged in the battery compartment, a battery slidably mounted through the slide rail is arranged on the side surface of the battery compartment, the battery compartment is used for accommodating the battery, and a movable shaft is hinged between the battery compartments; the telescopic covers are installed between the battery bins, when the battery bins are closed, the telescopic covers are compressed and shield the internal structure, when the battery bins are unfolded, the telescopic covers are unfolded, and through holes are evenly formed in the side faces of the telescopic covers. According to the invention, the telescopic cover is arranged between the battery compartments, the through holes uniformly formed in the side surface of the telescopic cover are combined with the unfolding structure of the movable shaft to jointly form an efficient passive heat dissipation air duct, and when the battery compartments are unfolded for replacement or maintenance, heat accumulated inside the battery compartments can be quickly dissipated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of robot battery compartment technology, and more particularly to a pull-out box-type modular sliding rail battery compartment for robots. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development and widespread application of robotics technology, it is playing an increasingly important role in scenarios such as industrial automation, logistics warehousing, security inspection, and home services. As the core power source of robots, the performance and maintainability of the battery module directly affect the robot's working efficiency, battery life, and overall operating costs. Currently, most robots adopt a fixed or integrated battery compartment design. The battery is usually installed inside the robot body by screws or complex cable connections. This traditional installation method has gradually revealed several defects in long-term use: not only is the disassembly and assembly process cumbersome, requiring special tools and taking a long time, which seriously affects the robot's operating efficiency in high-continuous operation scenarios, but frequent plugging and unplugging can also lead to interface wear and cable damage, resulting in safety hazards and additional maintenance costs.

[0003] Furthermore, existing battery compartment structures also have significant shortcomings in terms of physical adaptability and thermal management. The space inside the robot available for installing the battery compartment often has irregular curved surfaces or cannot perfectly fit the shape of the battery compartment, leading to installation and positioning deviations and affecting structural stability and the reliability of electrical connections. At the same time, the enclosed battery compartment design hinders air circulation, which is not conducive to the timely dissipation of heat generated during battery charging and discharging. Long-term high-temperature operation not only accelerates battery performance degradation and shortens its lifespan, but may also cause equipment failure due to heat accumulation. When problems occur, repair is also very difficult, further increasing the maintenance cost throughout the entire life cycle.

[0004] To address these challenges, a novel battery compartment solution is urgently needed that is structurally sound, easy to maintain, and possesses excellent heat dissipation performance. The pull-out modular sliding rail battery compartment is a systematic solution addressing these existing problems. This design, through sliding rail guidance and modular interfaces, enables rapid insertion and removal of battery cells and precise positioning, significantly improving replacement efficiency and reducing operational complexity. Simultaneously, the open or enhanced convection structural design effectively improves heat dissipation, ensuring the battery operates within a suitable temperature range. This innovative structure not only solves the key issues of installation compatibility and thermal management in existing battery compartments but also provides reliable support for the continuous and stable operation of robots. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a pull-out modular sliding rail battery compartment for robots. Through the integrated design of modularity, pull-out design and efficient heat dissipation, it solves the problems of inconvenient maintenance, poor heat dissipation and poor expandability of existing robot battery compartments.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A modular sliding rail battery compartment for robots includes a battery compartment body with at least one pair of sliding rails inside, through which the battery is slidably mounted. The battery compartment body is composed of at least two compartment units hinged together by a movable shaft, allowing each compartment unit to rotate and expand or close about the movable shaft. A telescopic cover is provided between adjacent compartment units; when the battery compartment body is closed, the telescopic cover is compressed to conceal the internal structure, and when the battery compartment body is expanded, the telescopic cover expands accordingly. The sides of the telescopic cover are evenly provided with through holes for ventilation and heat dissipation. A modular power management unit is also integrated into the battery compartment body. This solution, through the coordinated design of slide rails and hinged movable shafts, enables rapid battery extraction and multi-angle deployment of the compartment, significantly improving maintenance efficiency. In practical applications, maintenance personnel can replace the battery in tens of seconds without tools, which is more efficient than the traditional screw fixing method. The combined design of the telescopic cover and through holes not only effectively prevents dust accumulation but also forms an air convection channel, reducing the battery's operating temperature and significantly extending its cycle life. This overall design is particularly suitable for industrial scenarios requiring continuous operation, which can increase the robot's effective operating time.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the modular power management unit is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the battery compartment body. It includes a circuit board as the core carrier, and a battery management module, a charge / discharge control module, and a communication interface module integrated on the circuit board. The battery management module is signal-connected to the electrode contacts and is used to monitor the battery's voltage, current, and temperature parameters in real time, and to perform cell balancing. The charge / discharge control module is signal-connected to the battery management module, receives its monitoring data, and intelligently adjusts the charge / discharge logic and current accordingly. The communication interface module is signal-connected to the robot's main controller and is used to upload battery data and receive instructions from the main controller. The power management unit is electrically connected to the electrode contacts and the robot's main power bus through integrated internal wiring, forming a closed module integrating power transmission, intelligent management, and data communication. Here, a highly integrated power management unit achieves unified management of data and power through an internal bus architecture. This design can reduce the system failure rate and improve battery energy efficiency through intelligent charge and discharge control. The communication interface module supports real-time data transmission, enabling the operation and maintenance platform to accurately predict the battery health status and provide early warning of potential faults up to one week in advance, significantly reducing unexpected downtime. In addition, the modular design allows the unit to be adapted to battery modules of different capacities, improving the product's versatility and scalability.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the electrode contacts are of a flexible probe type or a spring type structure, whose position precisely corresponds to the output electrode after the battery is inserted, forming a plug-and-play power supply circuit. The flexible contact structure maintains stable contact resistance even after multiple insertion and removal tests, far exceeding the lifespan of traditional connectors. This design is particularly suitable for high-intensity applications requiring frequent battery replacements, such as AGV robots in logistics warehousing. The self-cleaning properties of the probe-type contacts effectively overcome contact problems caused by oxidation, maintaining connection reliability even in humid environments, significantly improving the system's adaptability.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the communication interface module of the power management unit is a CAN bus interface or an RS485 interface. The charging and discharging control module can dynamically adjust the discharge power according to the signal from the battery management module and the robot's energy consumption status received through the communication interface module. This dynamic power adjustment function allows the battery output to match the robot's motion state in real time. With this solution, the robot's energy loss during standby and working mode switching is reduced. Real-time load information obtained through the CAN bus allows the system to provide peak power when the robot is performing heavy-load tasks and automatically reduce output during light-load tasks. This intelligent adjustment extends the overall battery life.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the slide rail is a double-row ball bearing slide rail, symmetrically installed on both sides of the battery; a button-type release mechanism and an electronic lock integrated thereon are provided on the front panel of the battery. The electronic lock is electrically connected to the power management unit and is used to lock the battery in the pull-out state when a locking signal is received. In this embodiment, the double-row ball bearing slide rail and the electronic lock form a reliable locking system. This design can withstand 2g of vibration impact, ensuring that the battery will not loosen when the mobile robot moves at high speed. The button-type release mechanism adopts an anti-accidental touch design, requiring a continuous press for 0.5 seconds to unlock, effectively preventing accidental opening. The special coating on the surface of the slide rail ensures smooth sliding even in high temperature and high humidity environments.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the movable shaft is a damping pivot, enabling each compartment unit of the battery compartment body to be stably suspended at any angle during opening and closing. The torque of the damping pivot in this design is precisely calculated, allowing for stable suspension at any position within the 0-180 degree range. This characteristic prevents the compartment doors from suddenly opening and closing due to gravity during maintenance in confined spaces, improving operational safety. The pivot uses a special lubricating material, maintaining stable damping characteristics within a temperature range of -20℃ to 80℃, ensuring reliability in various environments.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the telescopic cover is made of flexible flame-retardant fabric, and its inner wall is covered with a metal mesh layer for electromagnetic shielding. The composite structure of the metal mesh layer and the flame-retardant fabric forms an effective electromagnetic shielding layer, which, according to tests, can reduce external electromagnetic interference by more than 30dB. This design is particularly suitable for special robots in medical and testing fields with strict requirements for electromagnetic compatibility. It can maintain structural integrity in open flame environments, providing dual safety guarantees for the system.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the length of the telescopic cover when fully extended is greater than the maximum distance between the edges of adjacent compartment units when the battery compartment body is fully extended to its maximum design angle, so as to avoid excessive stretching of the telescopic cover. The precisely calculated length of the telescopic cover in this embodiment ensures that the cover only bears tensile stress within the design range when the battery compartment is fully extended. This design can extend the service life of the telescopic cover. At the same time, the reasonable length design avoids dust accumulation in the folds of the cover, reducing the frequency of maintenance.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a thermally conductive silicone pad is embedded on the inner side of the back plate of the battery compartment body. This thermally conductive silicone pad is in close contact with the power devices on the circuit board of the power management unit, conducting heat to the metal battery compartment wall for heat dissipation. Since the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive silicone pad reaches 3.0 W / m·K, it can quickly conduct heat from the power devices to the metal compartment wall. This heat dissipation solution can significantly reduce the operating temperature of the power devices, meeting the heat dissipation requirements of continuous high-current operation without the need for additional heat dissipation devices. Furthermore, the elastic properties of the silicone pad can compensate for the differences in the thermal expansion coefficients of different materials, avoiding stress damage caused by temperature changes.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least one outer wall of the battery compartment body is provided with a standardized mechanical interface for rigidly connecting and combining a single battery compartment with the robot body or another identical battery compartment body via fasteners, thereby achieving parallel expansion of multiple battery compartments. The present invention adopts a standardized mechanical interface and a modular design concept, supporting the parallel expansion of up to four battery compartments. This design allows the robot to flexibly configure its energy system according to task requirements. For example, in inspection tasks, two battery compartments can be configured to achieve an 8-hour runtime, while in transportation tasks, four battery compartments can be configured to achieve a 16-hour runtime. The positioning accuracy of the interface reaches 0.1 mm, ensuring mechanical stability and electrical connection reliability when multiple battery compartments are connected.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention achieves tool-free and rapid battery replacement through a sliding rail and battery pull-out design. Maintenance personnel can complete battery installation and removal in just a few seconds without the need for any special tools, significantly reducing robot downtime. This feature is particularly suitable for industrial scenarios with 24-hour continuous operation or high-frequency battery replacement, maximizing the robot's effective operating time and qualitatively improving operational efficiency.

[0017] 2. In terms of structural design, the double-row ball bearing slide rails ensure smooth and stable operation during the pulling process, while the fixing buckles and electrode contacts inside the battery compartment ensure connection stability under robot movement and vibration conditions. The telescopic cover and side through holes between the battery compartments, together with the movable axis unfolding structure, form an efficient passive heat dissipation channel, effectively avoiding the performance degradation problem caused by battery overheating. The damped movable axis allows the compartment to be suspended at any angle. Combined with the anti-slip structure at the bottom and the engineering metal material, it not only ensures the convenience of operation in narrow spaces, but also enhances the overall structural stability and environmental adaptability.

[0018] 3. This invention designs the entire battery compartment as a complete and independent functional unit, supporting modular installation and replacement. Once the system malfunctions, maintenance personnel can directly remove the entire module from the robot for repair or replacement without complex disassembly of the robot body. This modular design concept not only significantly reduces the difficulty and cost of later maintenance, but also provides the possibility for continuous upgrades of the battery system, truly achieving a perfect balance between efficient maintenance and long-term reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the pull-out box-type modular slide rail battery compartment for robots according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the telescopic cover after it has been unfolded in this invention; Figure 3 This is a front view of the pull-out modular slide rail battery compartment for robots according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the modular power management unit in this invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Battery, 11. Button-type release mechanism, 12. Electronic lock, 13. Mechanical interface, 2. Slide rail, 3. Battery compartment body, 4. Movable shaft, 5. Telescopic cover, 6. Through hole, 7. Modular power management unit, 71. Circuit board, 72. Battery management module, 73. Charge and discharge control module, 74. Communication interface module, 8. Electrode contacts. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] like Figures 1-4 As shown, this invention introduces a pull-out modular sliding rail battery compartment for robots. Its core innovation lies in integrating battery installation, thermal management, electrical control, and mechanical structure into a highly modular integrated system. The main body of the battery compartment is the battery compartment body 3, which contains at least one pair of precision sliding rails 2. The battery 1 is installed in the battery compartment body 3 via the sliding rails 2 using a pull-out method, achieving true tool-free operation. The battery compartment body 3 adopts an innovative hinged structure, consisting of at least two compartment units connected by a movable shaft 4, allowing each compartment unit to rotate flexibly around the movable shaft 4, realizing the expansion and closure of the battery compartment. A specially designed telescopic cover 5 is provided between adjacent compartment units. This key design is compressed when the battery compartment is closed to effectively shield the internal structure, and extends when it is expanded. The evenly spaced through holes 6 on the side of the telescopic cover 5 not only form ventilation and heat dissipation channels, but also work in conjunction with the movable shaft expansion structure to form a highly efficient passive heat dissipation system.

[0023] In terms of the electrical system, the battery compartment body 3 integrates a highly intelligent modular power management unit 7. The modular power management unit 7 achieves comprehensive management of the robot's power system through a sophisticated system architecture. The modular power management unit 7 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the battery compartment. Its core carrier is a circuit board 71 manufactured using high-density integration technology. The board integrates three key sub-modules with clearly defined functions that work together to form a complete battery management system.

[0024] The battery management module 72, serving as the system's sensing layer, collects the voltage, current, and temperature parameters of battery 1 in real time through a high-precision sampling circuit. The battery management module 72 employs a distributed sampling architecture, enabling simultaneous monitoring of the status of each cell within the battery pack. It also utilizes a dedicated balancing circuit to achieve active balancing between cells, ensuring optimal consistency across all cells within the battery pack. The monitoring data is refreshed 1000 times per second, providing the system with the most timely and accurate status information.

[0025] As the system's decision-making layer, the charge / discharge control module 73 maintains real-time communication with the battery management module 72 via an internal data bus. The charge / discharge control module 73 embeds an advanced battery state estimation algorithm, capable of accurately calculating the remaining charge, health status, and maximum available power of battery 1. More importantly, the charge / discharge control module 73 possesses an adaptive charge / discharge strategy, dynamically adjusting the charging current and discharging power based on the real-time state of battery 1. When an abnormal temperature is detected in battery 1, the system automatically reduces the output power; when battery 1 is in a low-temperature environment, a gentle heating charging mode is activated to ensure that battery 1 always operates in optimal condition.

[0026] The communication interface module 74 serves as the interaction hub between the system and the outside world. It adopts an industrial-grade CAN bus or RS485 interface protocol to establish a stable and reliable data connection with the robot's main controller. The communication interface module 74 is responsible for uploading key parameters such as the voltage, current, temperature, and remaining power of battery 1 to the main controller in real time. It also receives instructions from the main controller and information on the robot's current operating status. The communication data of the communication interface module 74 adopts the standard J1939 protocol format and includes a complete verification mechanism to ensure the accuracy and reliability of data transmission.

[0027] During operation, signal transmission follows a strict hierarchical architecture. Raw data collected by the underlying sensors is first transmitted to the battery management module 72 for preliminary processing and verification. Then, it is transmitted via an internal high-speed data interface to the charge / discharge control module 73 for in-depth analysis and decision-making. The charge / discharge control module 73 integrates the results of its internal algorithm calculations with the operational requirements from the robot's main controller to generate optimal power control commands. These commands are then transmitted back to the execution unit via the same path. Simultaneously, the communication interface module 74 continuously establishes a bidirectional data channel between the charge / discharge control module 73 and the robot's main controller, ensuring seamless integration of internal and external information within the system.

[0028] The modular power management unit 7 connects to the elastic probe-type electrode contacts 8 and the robot's main power bus via an integrated internal wiring system. The electrode contacts 8 are manufactured using a gold-plating process, providing excellent conductivity and corrosion resistance, and forming a reliable plug-and-play connection with the output electrodes of the battery 1. The power bus uses multi-strand twisted copper core wire and is equipped with an overcurrent protection device to ensure safe and stable transmission of high currents.

[0029] This highly integrated design enables the power management unit 7 to not only achieve precise battery status monitoring and intelligent charge / discharge management, but also to dynamically adjust the output power according to the robot's actual workload. When the robot is performing heavy-load tasks, the system will appropriately increase the upper limit of discharge power; when in standby or light-load state, it will automatically enter energy-saving mode, thereby achieving intelligent energy distribution and optimal system energy efficiency management. The entire system ensures reliable operation of the power system under various working conditions through multiple protection mechanisms and fault self-diagnosis functions.

[0030] In terms of mechanical structure, the slide rail 2 adopts a double-row ball bearing design, symmetrically installed on both sides of the battery 1, ensuring a smooth and stable pulling process. The front panel design of the battery 1 fully considers both ease of operation and system security. Its core component is the button-type release mechanism 11, which integrates the electronic lock 12. Through precise electromechanical integration design, the button-type release mechanism 11 achieves intelligent control and safety assurance of the battery's pulling state. The button-type release mechanism 11 adopts a two-level operation mode. First, the button needs to be pressed continuously for more than 0.5 seconds to activate the unlocking program. This anti-accidental touch design effectively avoids the battery from becoming loose due to accidental collisions. The button surface is treated with an anti-slip texture and has a built-in LED status indicator light, which uses different colors of light to indicate the current locking status: solid green indicates that it is correctly locked, flashing red indicates that it is not fully locked, and blue indicates that the system is performing a self-check. The integrated electronic lock 12 is the core actuator of the mechanism. It adopts an electromagnetic drive and contains a high-precision position sensor and a force sensor. The lock tongue is made of hardened steel, which has excellent wear resistance and impact resistance and can maintain a stable locking force in a vibration environment. When a locking signal is received, the electromagnetic coil inside the lock is energized to generate a magnetic field, which drives the lock tongue to precisely extend into the locking groove corresponding to the battery slide rail 2, forming a reliable mechanical interlock.

[0031] The electronic lock 12 establishes a real-time data connection with the modular power management unit 7 via a dedicated communication line. The battery management module 72 of the modular power management unit 7 continuously monitors the system status and automatically sends a locking signal to the electronic lock 12 when any of the following conditions are detected: battery 1 is fully inserted and the voltage is normal; the robot is in operation; or the system detects abnormal vibration or tilting. Simultaneously, the charging and discharging control module 73 of the modular power management unit 7 verifies the locking status of the electronic lock 12 before battery 1 begins supplying power, ensuring that power output is only permitted when fully locked.

[0032] During operation, the electronic lock 12 maintains bidirectional data exchange with the modular power management unit 7. Internal sensors collect parameters such as locking status, bolt position, and force in real time, feeding them back to the modular power management unit 7 100 times per second. By analyzing this data, the modular power management unit 7 can promptly determine the working status of the locking mechanism and activate corresponding protective measures when an anomaly is detected, such as reducing output power or issuing an alarm signal. The unlocking process employs a multi-layered security verification mechanism. When the operator presses the button-type release mechanism 11, the modular power management unit 7 first checks whether the system meets the unlocking conditions: the robot is in a safe stop state, battery 1 currently has no large current output, and the system voltage is within a safe range. Only when all conditions are met will the modular power management unit 7 send an unlocking command to the electronic lock 12, reversing the electromagnetic coil and smoothly retracting the bolt, allowing battery 1 to be pulled out along the slide rail 2. In addition, the locking system is equipped with an emergency unlocking function. In the event of a power outage or system failure, the lock can be manually released through a dedicated emergency unlocking hole. The entire mechanism is designed to last for more than 50,000 cycles and automatically performs a self-check after each working cycle to ensure long-term reliability. This intelligent locking system not only improves the ease of battery replacement but, more importantly, provides a reliable guarantee for the continuous and safe operation of the robot.

[0033] The movable axis 4 adopts a damped pivot design, enabling each unit of the battery compartment to hover stably at any angle during opening and closing, improving operational convenience. The telescopic cover 5 is made of flexible flame-retardant fabric, with an electromagnetic shielding metal mesh layer covering its inner wall. Its fully extended length has been precisely calculated to ensure that it will not be overstretched when the battery compartment is fully extended to its maximum design angle. For heat dissipation, a thermally conductive silicone pad is embedded on the inner side of the battery compartment back panel, which is tightly attached to the power devices on the circuit board 71 of the modular power management unit 7, efficiently conducting heat to the metal battery compartment wall for heat dissipation. In addition, at least one outer wall of the battery compartment body 3 is provided with a standardized mechanical interface 13, which can achieve rigid connection and combination between a single battery compartment and the robot body or multiple identical battery compartments through fasteners, providing the system with powerful parallel expansion capabilities.

[0034] Working principle of the invention: The battery compartment body 3 provides a smooth and stable pull guide for the battery 1 via its internal high-precision double-row ball bearing slide rail 2. When battery replacement or maintenance is required, the user simply triggers the button-type release mechanism 11. This command is immediately transmitted to the integrated electronic lock 12. After the power management unit 7 verifies that the system is in a safe state, the lock automatically unlocks, and the user can easily pull the battery 1 out of the battery compartment body 3 along the slide rail 2 using the ergonomic handle. This innovative pull-out design completely changes the traditional screw fixing method, not only reducing battery replacement time to within a few seconds, but also completely avoiding thread wear and installation stress damage caused by frequent tool use.

[0035] In terms of operational stability, the battery compartment is equipped with multiple protection mechanisms. The battery fixing buckle and the end of the slide rail 2 form a linkage lock to ensure that the battery 1 remains firmly in place during the robot's movement and will not shift even when subjected to severe vibration. At the same time, the elastic probe-type electrode contacts 8 maintain a constant contact pressure with the battery output terminals. Through the coordinated work with the power management unit 7, the connection resistance changes are monitored in real time to ensure that the power supply circuit maintains a stable connection under any working condition. This mechatronics design concept ensures both the reliability of the mechanical connection and the quality of electrical transmission.

[0036] The unique unfolding structure of the battery compartment body 3 further expands its applicability. The movable shaft 4 adopts a precision damping hinge design, and through the internal high-viscosity grease and special torque adjustment mechanism, it enables each compartment unit of the battery compartment to remain stably at any angle during opening or closing. This feature makes operation in narrow or irregular spaces exceptionally convenient. The telescopic cover 5 connecting the compartment units is made of flexible waterproof fabric and has a foldable support frame embedded inside. This combination design allows it to maintain an extended shape when unfolded and fold neatly when compressed, always providing effective protection for the internal components. The through holes 6 evenly distributed on the sides of the telescopic cover 5 not only form an efficient passive heat dissipation channel, but also effectively reduce the overall weight while ensuring protective performance.

[0037] When the battery compartment is fully extended, the telescopic cover 5 extends accordingly, creating an internal airflow channel that significantly improves heat dissipation efficiency and effectively reduces battery operating temperature. In the closed state, the telescopic cover 5 is compressed in an orderly manner, forming a complete protective barrier that reliably prevents the intrusion of external factors such as dust and liquids. Furthermore, the high-friction coefficient anti-slip pads located at the bottom of the battery compartment body 3, through a special vibration-absorbing material design, further enhance the stability of the device when placed on various surfaces, ensuring that the battery compartment will not accidentally slide during robot operation. This series of meticulously designed working mechanisms together construct an efficient, reliable, and easy-to-maintain robot power solution.

[0038] Example 1: In large-scale intelligent warehousing and logistics centers, AGV (Automated Guided Vehicle) handling robots need to operate continuously for 24 hours, placing extremely high demands on battery replacement efficiency and system reliability. In this embodiment, the AGV robot utilizes a pull-out modular slide rail battery compartment. The battery compartment body 3 is securely connected to the robot body via a standardized mechanical interface 13 at the bottom. The double-row ball bearing slide rails 2 inside the battery compartment precisely engage with both sides of the battery 1, making battery replacement extremely convenient. When the AGV robot's battery level falls below a set threshold, the system automatically navigates to the battery swapping station. The operator simply presses the button-type release mechanism 11 on the battery's front panel. Upon receiving the unlocking command from the power management unit 7, the electronic lock 12 instantly releases, allowing the operator to smoothly pull out the 15kg battery 1 using the handle. The entire process requires no tools and takes no more than 15 seconds. During the AGV robot's high-speed operation, the battery compartment's stability assurance system plays a crucial role. The battery fixing buckle and the end of the slide rail 2 form a double lock, ensuring that the battery will not shift during sudden stops or turns. Meanwhile, the electrode contacts 8 maintain stable contact with the battery output terminals, providing real-time feedback of the power supply status to the power management unit 7. When the robot performs high-power operations such as lifting and handling, the charge / discharge control module 73 intelligently adjusts the output power based on real-time data monitored by the battery management module 72 to prevent battery overload. The through-holes 6 on the side of the telescopic cover 5, together with the airflow generated during robot operation, form an effective heat dissipation channel, keeping the battery operating temperature within the optimal range and significantly extending battery life.

[0039] Example 2: In large-scale outdoor park security patrol applications, robots need to cope with complex terrain and variable weather conditions. In this embodiment, the security patrol robot adopts a parallel extended battery compartment system. Two identical battery compartment bodies 3 are connected to each other through a standardized mechanical interface 13 on the side, forming a power system with double the capacity. This design enables the robot to have a battery life of more than 24 hours, meeting the needs of continuous nighttime patrols. The anti-slip pads at the bottom of the battery compartment effectively improve stability when working on slopes, while the fully sealed telescopic cover 5 design ensures normal operation of the system in rainy and snowy weather. When the battery system needs maintenance, maintenance personnel can easily unfold the battery compartment body 3. The damping design of the movable axis 4 allows the compartment door to be suspended at any angle within the range of 0-150 degrees, facilitating operation in narrow equipment compartments. After unfolding, the telescopic cover 5 extends accordingly, and the internal support frame maintains the stability of the cover shape, providing ample space for operation while effectively protecting the internal wiring. The communication interface module 74 of the power management unit 7 communicates with the robot's main control system in real time via the CAN bus. When an abnormality is detected in a battery cell, the system will automatically switch to single-battery power supply mode and notify the control center to arrange maintenance. This modular design allows maintenance personnel to quickly locate and replace faulty battery cells without having to send the entire machine back to the factory for repair, greatly improving the maintainability and operational efficiency of the system.

[0040] In summary, this invention provides an innovative pull-out modular sliding rail battery compartment solution. Through a clever combination of mechanical structure and intelligent control system, it successfully solves the problems of difficult maintenance, low heat dissipation efficiency, and insufficient expandability of traditional robot battery compartments. This design employs a pull-out battery installation method, coupled with intelligent electronic locks, enabling truly tool-free and rapid battery replacement, significantly improving robot operational efficiency. The modular power management unit integrates battery status monitoring, intelligent charging and discharging control, and real-time data communication functions, ensuring stable operation and energy efficiency optimization of the power system. The unique hinged structure and telescopic cover design not only allow the battery compartment to open and close flexibly at multiple angles but also form an efficient passive cooling airflow, effectively extending battery life. Simultaneously, the standardized mechanical interface supports the parallel expansion of multiple battery compartments, meeting the endurance requirements of different scenarios. The entire system exhibits excellent reliability, ease of maintenance, and environmental adaptability, providing an ideal power platform for the continuous and efficient operation of various robots.

[0041] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A pull-out modular sliding rail battery compartment for robots, comprising a battery compartment body (3), characterized in that, The battery compartment body (3) is provided with at least one pair of slide rails (2), and the battery (1) is slidably installed in the battery compartment body (3) through the slide rails (2); the battery compartment body (3) is formed by at least two compartment units hinged together by a movable shaft (4), so that each compartment unit can rotate and open or close about the movable shaft (4); a telescopic cover (5) is provided between adjacent compartment units. When the battery compartment body (3) is closed, the telescopic cover (5) is compressed to cover the internal structure. When the battery compartment body (3) is opened, the telescopic cover (5) is opened accordingly; the side of the telescopic cover (5) is evenly provided with through holes (6) for ventilation and heat dissipation; a modular power management unit (7) is also integrated in the battery compartment body (3).

2. The pull-out modular slide rail battery compartment for robots according to claim 1, characterized in that, The modular power management unit (7) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the battery compartment body (3). It includes a circuit board (71) as the core carrier, and a battery management module (72), a charge and discharge control module (73) and a communication interface module (74) integrated on the circuit board (71). The battery management module (72) is connected to the electrode contact (8) for real-time monitoring of the voltage, current and temperature parameters of the battery (1) and cell balancing. The charge and discharge control module (73) is connected to the battery management module (72) for receiving its monitoring data and intelligently adjusting the charge and discharge logic and current. The communication interface module (74) is connected to the robot's main controller for uploading battery data and receiving instructions from the main controller. The power management unit (7) is electrically connected to the electrode contact (8) and the robot's main power bus through integrated internal wiring to form a closed module integrating power transmission, intelligent management and data communication.

3. The pull-out modular slide rail battery compartment for robots according to claim 2, characterized in that, The electrode contacts (8) are elastic probe type or spring type structures, and their positions are precisely corresponding to the output electrodes after the battery (1) is inserted into place, forming a plug-and-play power supply circuit.

4. The pull-out modular slide rail battery compartment for robots according to claim 2, characterized in that, The communication interface module (74) of the power management unit (7) is a CAN bus interface or an RS485 interface. The charging and discharging control module (73) can dynamically adjust the discharge power according to the signal from the battery management module (72) and the robot energy consumption status received through the communication interface module (74).

5. The pull-out modular slide rail battery compartment for robots according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slide rail (2) is a double-row ball slide rail, which is symmetrically installed on both sides of the battery (1); the front panel of the battery (1) is provided with a button-type release mechanism (11) and an electronic lock (12) integrated thereon. The electronic lock (12) is electrically connected to the power management unit (7) and is used to lock the pull-out state of the battery (1) when a locking signal is received.

6. The pull-out modular slide rail battery compartment for robots according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movable shaft (4) is a damping shaft, which enables each compartment unit of the battery compartment body (3) to be stably suspended at any angle during the opening and closing process.

7. The pull-out modular slide rail battery compartment for robots according to claim 1, characterized in that, The telescopic cover (5) is made of flexible flame-retardant fabric, and its inner wall is covered with a metal mesh layer for electromagnetic shielding.

8. The pull-out modular slide rail battery compartment for robots according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that, The length of the telescopic cover (5) when fully extended is greater than the maximum distance between the edges of adjacent compartment units when the battery compartment body (3) is fully extended to the maximum design angle, so as to avoid the telescopic cover being overstretched.

9. The pull-out modular slide rail battery compartment for robots according to claim 2, characterized in that, The battery compartment body (3) has a thermally conductive silicone pad embedded in the inner side of the back plate. The thermally conductive silicone pad is in close contact with the power devices on the circuit board (71) of the power management unit (7) to conduct heat to the metal battery compartment wall for heat dissipation.

10. The pull-out modular slide rail battery compartment for robots according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one outer wall of the battery compartment body (3) is provided with a standardized mechanical interface (13) for rigidly connecting and combining a single battery compartment with the robot body or another identical battery compartment body through fasteners, so as to realize the parallel expansion of multiple battery compartments.

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