Battery device, power utilization device and energy storage device

Abstract

The invention provides a battery device, a power utilization device and an energy storage device, and belongs to the technical field of batteries. The battery device comprises a battery cell monomer and a box body, the box body comprises a first part and a second part which are oppositely arranged along a first direction, and the first part and the second part jointly define an accommodating cavity for accommodating the battery cell monomer; at least one of the first part and the second part comprises a body part and an elastic part connected with the body part, and the elastic part is located on the side, facing the battery cell single bodies, of the body part. The reversible deformation of the elastic part is utilized to convert part of expansion energy generated by expansion of the battery cell into elastic potential energy to be stored, so that the expansion force of the battery cell is absorbed, and the influence of expansion and vibration of the battery cell on the battery is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery device, an electrical device, and an energy storage device. Background Technology

[0002] Batteries are being used more and more widely in daily life and production. For example, new energy vehicles equipped with batteries are already widely used, and batteries can provide all or part of the power for these vehicles. In addition, batteries are increasingly being used in energy storage and other fields.

[0003] During charging and discharging, battery cells can swell, affecting battery safety. Therefore, minimizing the impact of cell swelling on batteries has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application aims to at least address one of the technical problems existing in the background art. Therefore, one objective of this application is to provide a battery device, an electrical device, and an energy storage device to reduce the impact of cell expansion on the safety performance of the battery.

[0005] An embodiment of the first aspect of this application provides a battery device including a single battery cell and a housing. The housing includes a first portion and a second portion disposed opposite to each other along a first direction. The first portion and the second portion together define a receiving cavity for accommodating the single battery cell. At least one of the first portion and the second portion includes a body portion and an elastic portion connected to the body portion. The elastic portion is located on the side of the body portion facing the single battery cell, and the elastic portion is at least partially in contact with the single battery cell.

[0006] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, at least one of the first and second parts of the housing is provided with an elastic part on its main body. The elastic part is located on the side of the main body facing the individual battery cell, and at least part of the elastic part is in contact with the individual battery cell. Utilizing the reversible deformation characteristics of the elastic part, a portion of the expansion energy generated by the expansion of the battery cell is converted into elastic potential energy for storage, thereby absorbing at least a portion of the expansion force of the battery cell. This effectively alleviates the damage to the battery housing structure caused by the expansion force and reduces abnormal noise caused by housing deformation. In addition, the reversible deformation characteristics of the elastic part can also be used to convert the mechanical vibration energy or other deformation energy generated by the individual battery cell during transportation into elastic potential energy for storage, further reducing abnormal noise caused by housing deformation.

[0007] In some embodiments, the elastic portion includes a protruding structure extending towards the side where the individual battery cell is located, the protruding structure at least partially abutting against the individual battery cell. The design of the protruding structure can reduce the space occupied by the elastic portion, optimize the arrangement space of the individual battery cells, improve the internal space utilization of the casing, reduce costs, and facilitate lightweight design of the battery device. Furthermore, the protruding structure can support the individual battery cells, restrict their displacement, and enhance the structural stability of the battery device.

[0008] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the second part is disposed directly opposite to the first surface of the battery cell where the pressure relief component is provided; the elastic portion of the second part includes a plurality of spaced-apart first protrusions, with a recess formed between two adjacent first protrusions, and the projection of the pressure relief component of the battery cell onto the second part at least partially coincides with the recess. This allows the pressure relief component to open normally in the event of thermal runaway of the battery cell, improving the safety performance of the battery device.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first surface of the battery cell is further provided with electrode terminals; and the first protrusion at least partially contacts the electrode terminals. In this way, the elastic part can simultaneously support, limit, and disperse the expansion force of the battery cell. Compared with the traditional metal plate, the elastic part of this application can realize the lightweight design of the battery device, save costs, and improve the internal space utilization of the battery device.

[0010] In some embodiments, the elastic portion of the second part further includes a second protrusion protruding toward the side where the battery cell is located; wherein the second protrusion abuts against the shoulder of the battery cell. This allows for faster and more direct dispersion of the expansion force generated by the battery cell, improving the absorption efficiency of the expansion force. Furthermore, the combination of the first and second protrusions can evenly distribute the expansion force to the body portion from different positions of the battery cell, further improving the absorption efficiency of the expansion force.

[0011] In some embodiments, the second protrusion protrudes from the surface of the first protrusion facing the individual cell. This allows for more uniform pressure distribution on the elastic portion, thereby distributing the expansion force more evenly across the body portion, reducing localized stress concentration. The rigidity of the body portion effectively suppresses the expansion force of the individual cell, resulting in better anti-expansion performance.

[0012] In some embodiments, the number of second protrusions is multiple and spaced apart, with at least one second protrusion simultaneously abutting against the shoulders of two adjacent battery cells. This allows the expansion force to be more evenly distributed across the entire body through the protrusion structure, avoiding localized stress concentration. The rigidity of the body effectively suppresses the expansion force of the battery cells, resulting in superior anti-expansion performance.

[0013] In some embodiments, the electrode terminals include positive and negative terminals spaced apart along a second direction, and a first protrusion extends along a third direction; wherein the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other. By connecting at least two adjacent battery cells in the third direction to the same protruding structure, the expansion force is more evenly distributed on the body, avoiding local stress concentration. The rigidity of the body can effectively suppress the expansion force of the battery cells, resulting in better anti-expansion performance.

[0014] In some embodiments, a busbar is provided at the end of the electrode terminal away from the first portion, and the first protrusion is connected to the busbar. In this way, the expansion force of the cell in the corresponding area of ​​the busbar can be effectively absorbed, preventing the busbar from breaking due to rigid connection when the cell expands, thereby improving the electrical stability of the battery device.

[0015] In some embodiments, at least one of the first and second portions further includes a reinforcing layer disposed on the side of the elastic portion facing the individual cell; the tensile strength of the reinforcing layer is greater than the tensile strength of the elastic portion. The high tensile strength of the reinforcing layer effectively disperses and withstands the large tensile stress generated during the expansion of the individual cell, thereby protecting the elastic portion from tearing or excessive deformation and ensuring its buffering function remains stable and durable.

[0016] In some embodiments, an adhesive layer is provided on the side of the reinforcing layer facing away from the main body, and the reinforcing layer is bonded to the battery cell via the adhesive layer. The adhesive force of the adhesive layer firmly fixes the reinforcing layer to the surface of the battery cell, while the elastic buffering effect of the adhesive layer disperses and absorbs the stress generated by the expansion of the battery cell, which helps to improve the absorption effect of expansion force.

[0017] In some embodiments, the reinforcing layer is made of fiber, plastic, or metal. By selecting a suitable material, the tensile strength of the reinforcing layer is improved, thereby protecting the elastic part from tearing or excessive deformation, and thus enhancing the absorption of expansion forces.

[0018] In some embodiments, the elastic portion is made of an insulating material; wherein the orthographic projection of a single cell on a plane perpendicular to the first direction falls within the range of the orthographic projection of the elastic portion on the plane perpendicular to the first direction. This improves the safety performance of the battery device and more evenly disperses the expansion force of the single cell, enhancing its anti-expansion effect.

[0019] In some embodiments, the portion of the elastic part corresponding to the pressure relief component contains fire extinguishing material. This allows the fire extinguishing material to be released in the corresponding area when thermal runaway occurs in a single cell, enabling a rapid response in the early stages of thermal runaway and suppressing the spread of fire, thereby improving the safety of the battery device.

[0020] In some embodiments, the second portion is located at the bottom of the battery cell along the direction of gravity. An elastic portion replaces the traditional metal plate for supporting and limiting the battery cell, while the expansion force of the battery cell can be evenly distributed to the second body portion through the elastic portion, thereby effectively suppressing the expansion force of the battery cell and saving costs.

[0021] In some embodiments, the elastic portion comprises a foamed material. This significantly reduces the weight of the battery device, enabling a lightweight design.

[0022] In some embodiments, the foaming material includes at least one of foamed polyurethane and micro-foamed polyphenylene ether. By selecting a suitable foaming material, the elastic portion can be directly molded onto the inner surface of the body portion, simplifying the manufacturing process, enabling a lightweight design of the battery device, and improving its anti-expansion effect.

[0023] In some embodiments, a wear-resistant layer is provided on the side of the body portion away from the elastic portion, and the coefficient of friction of the wear-resistant layer is lower than that of the body portion. This protects the body portion, improves the structural strength of the casing, and thus enhances the safety performance of the battery device.

[0024] An embodiment of the second aspect of this application provides an electrical device, including the battery device in the above embodiments, the battery device being used to provide electrical energy.

[0025] An embodiment of the third aspect of this application provides an energy storage device, including the battery device in the above embodiments, the battery device being used to store electrical energy.

[0026] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, specific embodiments of this application are given below. Attached Figure Description

[0027] In the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise specified, the same reference numerals throughout the various drawings denote the same or similar parts or elements. These drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. It should be understood that these drawings depict only some embodiments disclosed in this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the vehicle structure according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the battery device according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is an exploded structural diagram of a single battery cell according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 4This is an exploded structural diagram of the housing of a battery device according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery device according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 6 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the second part of the battery device according to some embodiments of this application; Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic cross-sectional view of the second part along the second direction shown in the diagram; Figure 8 This is a second schematic diagram of the structure of the second part of the battery device according to some embodiments of this application.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1000, vehicles; 100. Battery assembly; 200. Controller; 300. Motor; 10. Housing; 11. First part; 12. Second part; 110. First body part; 120. Second body part; 101. Elastic part; 1011. Protruding structure; 1012. Elastic part body; 1013. Recessed part; 10111. First protrusion; 10112. Second protrusion; 102. Reinforcing layer; 103. Adhesive layer; 104. Wear-resistant layer; 20. Cell unit; 21. End cap; 21a. Electrode terminal; 21b. Pressure relief component; 21c. First surface; 22. Housing; 23. Electrode assembly; 23a. Tab. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0031] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0032] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0033] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0034] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0035] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more (including two sets), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces).

[0036] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0037] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0038] Currently, the application of rechargeable batteries is becoming increasingly widespread, judging from market trends. They are not only used in energy storage systems for hydropower, thermal power, wind power, and solar power plants, but also extensively in various electronic devices, such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, and electric vehicles, as well as in military equipment and aerospace. As the application areas of rechargeable batteries continue to expand, the market demand is also constantly increasing.

[0039] During the charge-discharge cycles of the battery, as ions are inserted or extracted from the positive and negative electrode active materials, the accumulation of side reactions in the cell system and the peeling of graphite layers cause the cell to swell, i.e., the positive and negative electrode sheets expand outward. Electrode expansion has adverse effects on battery performance and lifespan. For example, under pressure, the porosity of the electrode may decrease, affecting the wetting of the electrode by the electrolyte, causing changes in ion transport paths and leading to lithium plating problems; when the electrode is subjected to large compressive forces for a long time, it may also break, causing the risk of internal short circuits in the battery, etc.

[0040] Furthermore, this expansion generates continuous mechanical stress. When this stress accumulates to a certain level, it applies uneven pressure to the battery casing structure, meaning the casing directly bears the radial and axial thrust from the cell expansion. Since the casing is typically made of thin metal sheet by stamping, its resistance to deformation is limited. Under long-term or high-intensity expansion forces, localized areas may experience plastic deformation or micron-level displacement. This plastic deformation or displacement can cause abnormal noises. More seriously, the continuous expansion force may cause the sealing welds to crack, leading to electrolyte leakage or internal short circuits, ultimately triggering the risk of thermal runaway.

[0041] While related technologies have addressed this issue by increasing the thickness of the battery casing, this also introduces the side effects of increased battery weight and decreased energy density. Therefore, effectively suppressing cell expansion forces while ensuring battery safety has become a critical technical challenge that urgently needs to be solved in the field of power battery structure design.

[0042] Based on the above considerations, this application provides a battery device, a power consumption device, and an energy storage device. The battery device includes a single battery cell and a housing. The housing includes a first part and a second part disposed opposite to each other along a first direction. The first part and the second part together define a receiving cavity for accommodating the single battery cell. At least one of the first part and the second part includes a body part and an elastic part connected to the body part. The elastic part is located on the side of the body part facing the single battery cell, and the elastic part is at least partially in contact with the single battery cell.

[0043] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, at least one of the first and second parts of the housing is provided with an elastic part on its main body. The elastic part is located on the side of the main body facing the individual battery cell, and at least part of the elastic part is in contact with the individual battery cell. Utilizing the reversible deformation characteristics of the elastic part, a portion of the expansion energy generated by the expansion of the battery cell is converted into elastic potential energy for storage, thereby absorbing at least a portion of the expansion force of the battery cell. This effectively alleviates the damage to the battery housing structure caused by the expansion force and reduces abnormal noise caused by housing deformation. In addition, the reversible deformation characteristics of the elastic part can also be used to convert the mechanical vibration energy or other deformation energy generated by the individual battery cell during transportation into elastic potential energy for storage, further reducing abnormal noise caused by housing deformation.

[0044] The battery device disclosed in this application can be used, but is not limited to, in electrical devices or energy storage devices such as vehicles, ships, or aircraft. A power system incorporating the battery device disclosed in this application can be used to form such an electrical device or energy storage device.

[0045] This application provides an electrical device that uses a battery as a power source. The electrical device can be, but is not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, power tools, electric vehicles, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, etc. Electric toys can include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc. Spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc.

[0046] This application also provides an energy storage device that uses a battery as a power source. The energy storage device can be, but is not limited to, an energy storage container, an energy storage cabinet, an energy storage power station, an energy storage battery pack, or a portable energy storage system.

[0047] For ease of explanation, the following embodiments will be described using a vehicle 1000 as an example of an electrical device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided in some embodiments of this application. The vehicle 1000 can be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a natural gas-powered vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. New energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles, etc. A battery device 100 is installed inside the vehicle 1000, and the battery device 100 can be located at the bottom, front, or rear of the vehicle 1000. The battery device 100 can be used to power the vehicle 1000; for example, the battery device 100 can serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1000. The vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300. The controller 200 is used to control the battery device 100 to supply power to the motor 300, for example, to meet the power needs of the vehicle 1000 during starting, navigation, and driving.

[0049] In some embodiments of this application, the battery device 100 can not only serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1000, but also as the driving power source for the vehicle 1000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.

[0050] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 , Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the battery provided in some embodiments of this application. Figure 4 This is an exploded structural diagram of the housing of a battery device according to some embodiments of this application. The battery device 100 includes a housing 10 and a single battery cell 20, with the single battery cell 20 housed within the housing 10. The housing 10 provides a space for housing the single battery cell 20, and the housing 10 can adopt various structures. In some embodiments, the housing 10 may include a first portion 11 and a second portion 12, which overlap each other, jointly defining a space for housing the single battery cell 20. The second portion 12 may be a hollow structure with one open end, and the first portion 11 may be a plate-like structure, covering the open side of the second portion 12 so that the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 jointly define the space; alternatively, the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 may both be hollow structures with one open side, with the open side of the first portion 11 covering the open side of the second portion 12. Of course, the housing 10 formed by the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 can be of various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, etc.

[0051] In the battery device 100, there can be multiple individual battery cells 20. These cells can be connected in series, parallel, or in a hybrid configuration. A hybrid configuration means that multiple cells 20 are connected in both series and parallel connections. Multiple cells 20 can be directly connected in series, parallel, or in a hybrid configuration, and then the entire assembly of these cells 20 is housed within the housing 10. Alternatively, the battery device 100 can also consist of multiple cells 20 first connected in series, parallel, or in a hybrid configuration to form battery modules, and then these battery modules are connected in series, parallel, or in a hybrid configuration to form a whole, which is also housed within the housing 10. The battery device 100 may also include other structures; for example, it may include a busbar for electrical connection between the multiple cells 20.

[0052] Each individual cell 20 can be a secondary battery, such as a lithium-ion battery, lithium-sulfur battery, sodium-ion battery, or magnesium-ion battery, etc. The individual cell 20 can be cylindrical, flat, cuboid, or other shapes.

[0053] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3This is an exploded structural diagram of a single battery cell provided in some embodiments of this application. The single battery cell 20 refers to the smallest unit that makes up a battery. For example... Figure 3 The battery cell 20 includes an end cap 21, a housing 22, an electrode assembly 23, and other functional components.

[0054] End cap 21 refers to a component that covers the opening of housing 22 to isolate the internal environment of battery cell 20 from the external environment. The shape of end cap 21 can be adapted to the shape of housing 22 to fit it. Optionally, end cap 21 can be made of a material with certain hardness and strength (such as aluminum alloy), so that end cap 21 is not easily deformed under pressure and impact, giving battery cell 20 higher structural strength and improved safety performance. Functional components such as electrode terminals 21a can be provided on end cap 21. Electrode terminals 21a can be used for electrical connection with electrode assembly 23 for outputting or inputting electrical energy to battery cell 20. In some embodiments, end cap 21 can also be provided with a pressure relief component for releasing internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of battery cell 20 reaches a threshold. The material of end cap 21 can also be various, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc. In some embodiments, an insulating element may be provided on the inner side of the end cap 21. The insulating element can be used to isolate the electrical connection components within the housing 22 from the end cap 21 to reduce the risk of short circuits. For example, the insulating element may be made of plastic, rubber, etc.

[0055] The housing 22 is a component used to cooperate with the end cap 21 to form the internal environment of the battery cell 20. This internal environment can accommodate the electrode assembly 23, electrolyte, and other components. The housing 22 and the end cap 21 can be independent components. An opening can be provided on the housing 22, and the end cap 21 closes the opening to form the internal environment of the battery cell 20. Alternatively, the end cap 21 and the housing 22 can be integrated. Specifically, the end cap 21 and the housing 22 can form a common connecting surface before other components are inserted into the housing. When it is necessary to encapsulate the interior of the housing 22, the end cap 21 closes the housing 22. The housing 22 can be of various shapes and sizes, such as cuboid, cylindrical, hexagonal prism, etc. Specifically, the shape of the housing 22 can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 23. The housing 22 can be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc.

[0056] Electrode assembly 23 is the component in the battery cell 20 where electrochemical reactions occur. The housing 22 may contain one or more electrode assemblies 23. Electrode assembly 23 is mainly formed by winding or stacking positive and negative electrode sheets, and typically a separator is provided between the positive and negative electrode sheets. The portions of the positive and negative electrode sheets containing active material constitute the main body of the electrode assembly, while the portions of the positive and negative electrode sheets without active material each constitute a tab 23a. The positive and negative tabs may be located together at one end of the main body or separately at both ends of the main body. During the charging and discharging process of the battery, the positive and negative active materials react with the electrolyte, and the tabs 23a connect to the electrode terminals to form a current loop.

[0057] Please refer to Figures 2-8 An embodiment of the first aspect of this application provides a battery device, which includes a battery cell 20 and a housing 10. The housing 10 includes a first portion 11 and a second portion 12 disposed opposite to each other along a first direction Y. The first portion 11 and the second portion 12 together define a receiving cavity for accommodating the battery cell 20.

[0058] At least one of the first part 11 and the second part 12 includes a body part and an elastic part 101 connected to the body part. The elastic part 101 is located on the side of the body part facing the battery cell 20, and the elastic part 101 is at least partially in contact with the battery cell 20.

[0059] The main body refers to the main part that constitutes the first part 11 or the second part 12. It is the basic carrier for the box 10 to realize its functions and is composed of continuous wall panels, usually a rigid structure. The first part 11 includes the first main body 110, and the second part 12 includes the second main body 120.

[0060] The elastic part 101 refers to a structure that uses elastic deformation as its core and achieves energy absorption and buffering through a porous structure or expandable unit, including but not limited to at least one of foamed materials and expandable microspheres.

[0061] The elastic part 101 achieves elastic deformation through the compression / expansion of internal pores or expandable units of the material, and the deformation is reversible without permanent plastic damage. The elastic part 101 can introduce a large number of pores through foaming or expansion processes, and its density is significantly lower than that of metal plates with dense lattice structures.

[0062] The elastic part 101, of the foamed material type, is a material that forms independent or interconnected pores in a polymer matrix through physical or chemical foaming processes, including but not limited to at least one of expanded polyethylene (EPE), expanded polyurethane foam (RPU), and microcellular polyphenylene oxyether (MPPO). The foamed material achieves elastic deformation through the compression of its internal pore structure, which can effectively absorb the expansion force of the battery cell.

[0063] The elastic part 101 of the expandable microspheres consists of tiny spheres encasing a liquid or gaseous core material in a thermoplastic polymer shell. Upon heating, these spheres expand to form a lightweight, elastic structure, including but not limited to at least one of expandable microspheres and hollow glass microspheres. Through their closed-cell structure and the elastic deformation of the thermoplastic shell, the expandable microspheres can effectively absorb the expansion force of the battery cell.

[0064] The connection method between the main body and the elastic part 101 can be, but is not limited to, adhesive bonding, snap-fit ​​connection or bolt connection.

[0065] In some embodiments, the first part 11, serving as the upper cover, can be a plate-like structure, and the second part 12, serving as the lower housing, can be a hollow structure with one open end. An elastic portion 101 is connected to the side of the first body portion 110 of the first part 11 facing the battery cell 20. The elastic portion 101 abuts against the battery cell 20 to absorb the battery cell expansion force. Alternatively, the elastic portion 101 is connected to the side of the second body portion 120 of the second part 12 facing the battery cell 20. The elastic portion 101 can be located on at least one of the bottom wall and side wall of the second body portion 120, and abuts against the battery cell 20 to absorb the battery cell expansion force. Or, both the first body portion 110 of the first part 11 and the second body portion 120 of the second part 12 have elastic portions 101 connected to the side facing the battery cell 20, and both elastic portions 101 abut against the battery cell 20 to absorb the battery cell expansion force.

[0066] In some embodiments, the first part 11, as the upper housing, can be a hollow structure with one end open, and the second part 12, as the bottom cover, can be a plate-like structure. The design of the elastic part 101 in this embodiment is similar to that in the above embodiments, and will not be described again here.

[0067] In some embodiments, both the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 can be hollow structures with an opening on one side. An elastic portion 101 is connected to the side of the first body portion 110 of the first portion 11 facing the battery cell 20. The elastic portion 101 can be located on at least one of the top wall and side wall of the first body portion 110, and abuts against the battery cell 20 to absorb the battery cell expansion force. Alternatively, the elastic portion 101 is connected to the side of the second body portion 120 of the second portion 12 facing the battery cell 20. The elastic portion 101 can be located on at least one of the bottom wall and side wall of the second body portion 120, and abuts against the battery cell 20 to absorb the battery cell expansion force. Or, both the first body portion 110 of the first portion 11 and the second body portion 120 of the second portion 12 can be connected to the side of the battery cell 20, and both elastic portions 101 abut against the battery cell 20 to absorb the battery cell expansion force.

[0068] It should be noted that the elastic portion 101 can directly contact the surface of the main body facing the battery cell 20, or the elastic portion 101 can indirectly contact the surface of the main body facing the battery cell 20 through other functional layers (such as adhesive layers). The elastic portion 101 can completely cover the surface of the main body facing the battery cell 20, or the elastic portion 101 can be partially distributed on the surface of the main body facing the battery cell 20.

[0069] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, at least one of the first part 11 and the second part 12 of the housing 10 is provided with an elastic part 101 on its main body. The elastic part 101 is located on the side of the main body facing the battery cell 20. The elastic part 101 is at least partially in contact with the battery cell 20. Utilizing the reversible deformation characteristics of the elastic part 101, a portion of the expansion energy generated by the expansion of the battery cell is converted into elastic potential energy for storage, thereby absorbing at least a portion of the battery cell expansion force. This effectively alleviates the damage to the structure of the housing 10 caused by the expansion force and reduces abnormal noise caused by deformation of the housing 10. In addition, the reversible deformation characteristics of the elastic part can also be used to convert the mechanical vibration energy or other deformation energy generated by the battery cell during transportation into elastic potential energy for storage, further reducing abnormal noise caused by deformation of the housing.

[0070] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 as well as Figures 5-8 In some embodiments, the elastic portion 101 includes a protrusion structure 1011 protruding toward the side where the battery cell 20 is located, and the protrusion structure 1011 at least partially abuts against the battery cell 20.

[0071] It is understood that the elastic portion 101 includes a plurality of protruding structures 1011, and each protruding structure 1011 abuts against at least one battery cell 20. The elastic portion 101 may be formed by a plurality of protruding structures 1011. Alternatively, the elastic portion 101 includes an elastic portion body 1012 and a plurality of protruding structures 1011, wherein the elastic portion body 1012 is a continuous film layer, and the plurality of protruding structures 1011 protrude from the surface of the elastic portion body 1012 facing the battery cell 20.

[0072] By having the protruding structure 1011 at least partially abut against the individual battery cell 20, the design of the protruding structure 1011 can reduce the space ratio of the elastic part 101 while satisfying the requirement of the elastic part 101 absorbing the expansion force. This optimizes the arrangement space of the individual battery cells 20, improves the internal space utilization of the housing 10, reduces costs, and also facilitates the lightweight design of the battery device. In addition, the protruding structure 1011 can support the individual battery cell 20, restrict the displacement of the individual battery cell 20, and enhance the structural stability of the battery device.

[0073] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figures 5-7 Taking the second body portion 120 of the second part 12, which has an elastic portion 101 connected to the side facing the cell 20, as an example, in some embodiments, at least a portion of the second part 12 is directly opposite to the first surface 21c of the cell 20 where the pressure relief component 21b is provided. The elastic portion 101 of the second part 12 includes a plurality of spaced first protrusions 10111, and a recess 1013 is formed between two adjacent first protrusions 10111. The projection of the pressure relief component 21b of the cell 20 on the second part 12 at least partially coincides with the recess 1013.

[0074] When the second part 12 is a plate-shaped structure, the second body part 120 of the second part 12 is directly opposite to the first surface 21c of the battery cell 20, and a plurality of first protrusions 10111 are provided on the side surface of the second body part 120 facing the battery cell 20.

[0075] When the second part 12 is a hollow structure with one end open, the bottom wall of the second body part 120 of the second part 12 is directly opposite to the first surface 21c of the cell 20, and a plurality of first protrusions 10111 are provided on the side surface of the bottom wall of the second body part 120 facing the cell 20.

[0076] The projection of the pressure relief component 21b of the battery cell 20 onto the second part 12 refers to the closed pattern formed by the pressure relief component 21b projecting onto the second part 12 in a direction perpendicular to the first surface 21c.

[0077] It is understandable that when the projection of the pressure relief component 21b of the battery cell 20 on the second part 12 partially overlaps with the recessed part 1013, an electrode terminal 21a is also provided on the first surface 21c of the battery cell 20. The support of the electrode terminal 21a allows a certain gap to be formed between the pressure relief component 21b and the elastic part 101 in the direction Y perpendicular to the first surface 21c, so that the pressure relief component 21b can be opened normally when the battery cell 20 experiences thermal runaway.

[0078] In some embodiments, the projection range of the pressure relief component 21b of the battery cell 20 on the second part 12 falls within the range of the recess 1013. Thus, the normal opening of the pressure relief component 21b in the event of thermal runaway of the battery cell 20 will not be affected regardless of whether the pressure relief component 21b and the electrode terminal 21a are located on the same surface.

[0079] like Figure 3 , Figures 5-7 As shown, when the second part 12 is located below the first part 11 along the direction of gravity, and the first surface 21c of the cell 20 with the pressure relief component 21b is directly opposite the bottom surface of the second body part 120, the battery device is a bottom-sprayed structure; when the first surface 21c of the cell 20 with the pressure relief component 21b is directly opposite the top surface of the first body part 110, the battery device is a top-sprayed structure.

[0080] When the battery device is a top-sprayed structure, an elastic part 101 is connected to the side of the first body part 110 facing the first surface 21c of the cell 20. The design of the elastic part 101 on the first body part 110 is similar to that of the bottom-sprayed structure battery device, and will not be described in detail here.

[0081] By forming a recess 1013 between two adjacent first protrusions 10111, and by having the projection of the pressure relief component 21b of the cell 20 on the second part 12 at least partially overlap with the recess 1013, the pressure relief component 21b can be opened normally when the cell 20 is in thermal runaway, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery device.

[0082] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figures 5-7 In some embodiments, the first surface 21c of the battery cell 20 is further provided with an electrode terminal 21a; and the first protrusion 10111 is at least partially in contact with the electrode terminal 21a.

[0083] The battery cell 20 has two electrode terminals 21a and a pressure relief component 21b on its first surface 21c. The two electrode terminals 21a are spaced apart along a second direction X that is perpendicular to the first direction Y, and the pressure relief component 21b is located between the two electrode terminals 21a.

[0084] In some embodiments, the two electrode terminals 21a are at the same height in the first direction Y, and both are higher than the pressure relief component 21b in the first direction Y.

[0085] It is understandable that the first protrusion 10111 at least partially contacts the electrode terminal 21a, meaning that the end of the electrode terminal 21a away from the first part 11 contacts at least a portion of the first protrusion 10111. In other words, in addition to absorbing the expansion force of the battery cell 20, the first protrusion 10111 can also support and limit the battery cell 20.

[0086] It should be noted that, since two electrode terminals 21a are provided on the first surface 21c, in order to improve the stability of the battery cell 20, the two electrode terminals 21a need to be supported and limited by the two first protrusions 10111 respectively.

[0087] To further improve the stability of the individual battery cell 20, the height of the multiple first protrusions 10111 in the first direction Y is equal, so that each individual battery cell 20 can be placed stably, thereby improving the stability of the entire battery cell module.

[0088] In some traditional inverted bottom-sprayed battery packs, the bottom plate assembly of the battery pack casing includes a metal plate and a bottom cover. The metal plate and bottom cover are positioned opposite each other, and the metal plate supports the battery cell modules. Multiple vents are constructed at the positions corresponding to the battery cell modules on the metal plate. The metal plate, bottom cover, and casing frame form a smoke exhaust channel, through which high-temperature fumes generated by thermal runaway of the battery cell modules enter the smoke exhaust channel. This solution supports and limits the battery cell modules by placing a metal plate between the battery cell modules and the bottom cover. However, the metal plate not only increases the weight of the battery pack, hindering lightweight design, but also fails to absorb the expansion force of the battery cell modules. To absorb this expansion force, additional components are needed, increasing costs and significantly reducing the utilization rate of the internal space of the battery pack.

[0089] In some embodiments of this application, multiple first protrusions 10111 are provided on the side of the second part 12 facing the cell 20, and the two electrode terminals 21a of the cell 20 are respectively in contact with two adjacent first protrusions 10111. The first protrusions 10111 can support and limit the cell 20, and at least part of the expansion force of the cell 20 can be absorbed by the elastic deformation of the first protrusions 10111. That is to say, the elastic part 101 of this application simultaneously supports, limits, and disperses the expansion force of the cell 20. Compared with the traditional metal plate, the elastic part 101 of this application can realize the lightweight design of the battery device, save costs, and improve the internal space utilization of the battery device.

[0090] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figures 5-7 In some embodiments, the elastic portion 101 of the second portion 12 further includes a second protrusion 10112 protruding toward the side where the battery cell 20 is located; wherein the second protrusion 10112 abuts against the shoulder of the battery cell 20.

[0091] Here, the shoulder of the battery cell 20 refers to the two ends of the first surface 21c of the battery cell 20 in the second direction X, which is perpendicular to the first direction Y. Figure 3 As shown in region C. In other words, the shoulder of the battery cell 20 refers to the portion of the first surface 21c corresponding to the side of each of the two electrode terminals 21a away from the pressure relief component 21b.

[0092] The contact between the second protrusion 10112 and the shoulder of the cell 20 refers to the contact method in which the cell 20 can transmit its expansion force to the second protrusion 10112, causing the second protrusion 10112 to undergo elastic deformation under the action of the expansion force.

[0093] The first protrusion 10111 and the second protrusion 10112 can be designed as a single unit or as separate units. When the first protrusion 10111 and the second protrusion 10112 are designed as a single unit, they are integrally formed. When the first protrusion 10111 and the second protrusion 10112 are designed as separate units, there is a gap between them.

[0094] The height of the second protrusion 10112 in the first direction Y is greater than the height of the first protrusion 10111 in the first direction Y. This height difference design can achieve the contact between the first protrusion 10111 and the electrode terminal 21a, and the contact between the second protrusion 10112 and the shoulder of the battery cell 20.

[0095] To improve the stability of the individual battery cell 20, the height of the multiple second protrusions 10112 in the first direction Y is equal, so that each individual battery cell 20 can be placed stably, thereby improving the stability of the entire battery cell module.

[0096] Compared to the method where the expansion force of the battery cell 20 is transmitted to the first protrusion 10111 via the electrode terminal 21a, the elastic part 101 in this embodiment adds a second protrusion 10112, which directly abuts against the shoulder of the battery cell 20. Since the expansion force of the battery cell 20 is generated by the positive and negative electrode plates expanding outward in opposite directions, the contact between the second protrusion 10112 and the shoulder of the battery cell 20 can more quickly and directly disperse the expansion force generated by the battery cell 20, thereby improving the absorption efficiency of the expansion force. Furthermore, both the first protrusion 10111 and the second protrusion 10112 can convert some of the battery cell expansion energy into elastic potential energy for storage, thereby improving the absorption rate of the battery cell expansion force. In addition, the first protrusion 10111 and the second protrusion 10112 can also evenly distribute another portion of the battery cell expansion force from different positions of the battery cell 20 onto the body, further improving the absorption rate of the expansion force.

[0097] Please refer to Figures 5-7 In some embodiments, the first protrusion 10111 and the second protrusion 10112 are integrally designed, with the second protrusion 10112 protruding from the surface of the first protrusion 10111 facing the battery cell 20, and the first protrusion 10111 and the second protrusion 10112 combined to form a protrusion structure 1011.

[0098] The width of the second protrusion 10112 in the second direction X is smaller than the width of the first protrusion 10111 in the second direction X.

[0099] If the first protrusion 10111 and the second protrusion 10112 are designed separately, the first protrusion 10111 or the second protrusion 10112 needs to independently bear the expansion force at the corresponding position. If the elastic modulus of the first protrusion 10111 or the second protrusion 10112 is insufficient, it is easy to cause compression failure due to local overload, and the anti-expansion effect is limited.

[0100] In this embodiment, by designing the first protrusion 10111 and the second protrusion 10112 as an integral structure, the integral structure of the first protrusion 10111 and the second protrusion 10112 is used to share the expansion force of the battery cell 20. This makes the pressure on the elastic part 101 more uniform, thereby transmitting and distributing the expansion force more evenly to the second body part 120, reducing local stress concentration. The rigidity of the second body part 120 can effectively suppress the expansion force of the battery cell 20, resulting in a better anti-expansion effect.

[0101] Please refer to Figures 5-7 In some embodiments, there are multiple second protrusions 10112 that are spaced apart, and at least one second protrusion 10112 simultaneously abuts against the shoulders of two adjacent battery cells 20.

[0102] It is understandable that the number and arrangement of the second protrusion 10112 can be the same as the number and arrangement of the first protrusion 10111.

[0103] In some embodiments, each first protrusion 10111 has a corresponding second protrusion 10112 on the side surface facing the battery cell 20. The first protrusion 10111 contacts the electrode terminal 21a of the battery cell 20, and the second protrusion 10112 contacts the shoulder of the battery cell 20.

[0104] In some embodiments, two adjacent battery cells 20 arranged in the second direction X share a common connection to the same protrusion structure 1011.

[0105] After the cell 20 expands, it will have a relative displacement with the adjacent cell 20. Compared with each cell 20 being connected to a corresponding protrusion structure 1011 separately, in this embodiment, by connecting two adjacent cell 20s in the second direction X to the same protrusion structure 1011, the expansion force can be more evenly transmitted and distributed to the entire second body part 120 through the limiting effect of the protrusion structure 1011 on the adjacent cell 20, avoiding local stress concentration. The rigidity of the second body part 120 can effectively suppress the expansion force of the cell 20, resulting in better anti-expansion effect.

[0106] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figures 5-7 In some embodiments, electrode terminals 21a include positive and negative terminals spaced apart along a second direction X, and protrusion structure 1011 extends along a third direction Z. The first direction Y, the second direction X, and the third direction Z are all perpendicular to each other.

[0107] The positive and negative terminals of the battery cell 20 are the basic electrode connection points of the battery cell 20. In the electrochemical reaction, during discharge, a reduction reaction occurs at the positive electrode (gains electrons), and an oxidation reaction occurs at the negative electrode (loses electrons); during charging, the positive electrode becomes the anode (loses electrons), and the negative electrode becomes the cathode (gains electrons). The positive electrode has a higher potential, and the negative electrode has a lower potential. Current flows out from the positive electrode, passes through the load, and returns to the negative electrode.

[0108] It is understandable that when multiple battery cells 20 are installed inside the housing 10, the multiple battery cells 20 are arranged along the second direction X and the third direction Z, respectively.

[0109] The extension length of the protrusion structure 1011 along the third direction Z can be set according to actual needs. For example, the extension length of the protrusion structure 1011 along the third direction Z satisfies that at least two adjacent battery cells 20 in the third direction Z are connected to the same protrusion structure 1011.

[0110] In some embodiments, the same column of individual cells 20 along the third direction Z are connected to the same protrusion structure 1011.

[0111] Compared to each individual cell 20 being connected to a corresponding protrusion structure 1011, this embodiment connects at least two adjacent cell 20s in the third direction Z to the same protrusion structure 1011. The protrusion structure 1011 can limit the adjacent cell 20s, and the expansion force can be more evenly distributed to the entire second body 120 through the protrusion structure 1011, avoiding local stress concentration. The rigidity of the second body 120 can effectively suppress the expansion force of the cell 20, resulting in better anti-expansion effect.

[0112] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figures 5-7 In some embodiments, a busbar is provided at the end of the electrode terminal 21a away from the first portion 11, and the first protrusion 10111 is connected to the busbar.

[0113] A busbar is a conductive component that connects the positive and negative terminals of a single battery cell 20. It is mainly used for series or parallel connection between single battery cells 20 in a battery cell module to improve voltage and capacity.

[0114] By connecting the first protrusion 10111 to the busbar, the expansion force of the battery cell in the corresponding area of ​​the busbar can be effectively absorbed, preventing the busbar from breaking due to rigid connection when the battery cell 20 expands, thereby improving the electrical stability of the battery device.

[0115] Please refer to Figures 5-8 In some embodiments, at least one of the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 further includes a reinforcing layer 102, which is disposed on the side of the elastic portion 101 facing the battery cell 20. The tensile strength of the reinforcing layer 102 is greater than the tensile strength of the elastic portion 101.

[0116] Tensile strength refers to the maximum stress a material can withstand during a tensile test until it breaks.

[0117] In some embodiments, the reinforcing layer 102 is made of a high tensile strength material, and the tensile strength of the reinforcing layer 102 is greater than or equal to 500 MPa. In this way, the reinforcing layer 102 can constrain the degree of elastic deformation of the elastic part 101, preventing the elastic part 101 from being excessively deformed and affecting the structural stability of the battery device.

[0118] It is understood that when the first part 11 includes the reinforcing layer 102, the first body part 110 of the first part 11 is provided with an elastic part 101 on the side of the cell 20 facing the cell, and the reinforcing layer 102 is provided on the side of the elastic part 101 facing the cell 20.

[0119] When the second part 12 includes a reinforcing layer 102, the second body part 120 of the second part 12 is provided with an elastic part 101 on the side of the cell 20 facing the cell, and the reinforcing layer 102 is provided on the side of the elastic part 101 facing the cell 20.

[0120] When both the first part 11 and the second part 12 include a reinforcing layer 102, the first body part 110 and the second body part 120 are provided with an elastic part 101 on the side of the cell unit 20, and the reinforcing layer 102 is disposed on the side of the elastic part 101 facing the cell unit 20.

[0121] To enhance the reinforcing effect of the reinforcing layer 102, the reinforcing layer 102 can be positioned at the contact point between the elastic part 101 and the battery cell 20. In this way, during the process of the expansion force of the battery cell 20 being transmitted to the elastic part 101, the reinforcing layer 102 can protect the elastic part 101 and prevent the elastic part 101 from being excessively deformed or broken.

[0122] In this embodiment, a reinforcing layer 102 with a tensile strength greater than that of the elastic part 101 is provided on the side of the elastic part 101 facing the cell 20. The high tensile strength of the reinforcing layer 102 is used to effectively disperse and bear the large tensile stress generated when the cell 20 expands, thereby protecting the elastic part 101 from being torn or excessively deformed, and ensuring its buffering function is durable and stable.

[0123] Please refer to Figures 5-7 In some embodiments, an adhesive layer 103 is provided on the side surface of the reinforcing layer 102 facing away from the main body, and the reinforcing layer 102 is bonded to the battery cell 20 through the adhesive layer 103.

[0124] It should be noted that when the first part 11 includes the elastic part 101 and the reinforcing layer 102, the surface of the reinforcing layer 102 of the first part 11 facing away from the first body part 110 is provided with an adhesive layer 103. When the second part 12 includes the elastic part 101 and the reinforcing layer 102, the surface of the reinforcing layer 102 of the second part 12 facing away from the second body part 120 is provided with an adhesive layer 103.

[0125] The adhesive layer 103 refers to the intermediate layer that can bond the reinforcing layer 102 to the battery cell 20, including but not limited to at least one of epoxy resin, phenolic resin, polyurethane resin, urea-formaldehyde resin, silicone resin, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol and acetal resins, polystyrene, nitrile rubber, chloroprene rubber and polysulfide rubber.

[0126] By providing an adhesive layer 103 between the reinforcing layer 102 and the battery cell 20, the adhesive force of the adhesive layer 103 can be used to firmly fix the reinforcing layer 102 to the surface of the battery cell 20. At the same time, the elastic buffering effect of the adhesive layer 103 can be used to disperse and absorb the stress generated by the expansion of the battery cell 20, which is beneficial to improving the absorption effect of expansion force.

[0127] Please refer to Figures 5-8 In some embodiments, the reinforcing layer 102 is made of fiber, plastic or metal.

[0128] For example, when the material of the reinforcing layer 102 is fiber, the reinforcing layer 102 may be, but is not limited to, at least one of plant fiber cloth, animal fiber cloth, regenerated fiber cloth and synthetic fiber cloth.

[0129] For example, when the reinforcing layer 102 is made of rigid plastic, the material of the reinforcing layer 102 may be, but is not limited to, at least one of polycarbonate, polyimide, polyetherimide, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene and polycarbonate.

[0130] For example, when the reinforcing layer 102 is made of metal, the material of the reinforcing layer 102 may be, but is not limited to, at least one of copper, iron, aluminum and titanium.

[0131] By selecting appropriate materials, the tensile strength of the reinforcing layer 102 can be improved, thereby protecting the elastic part 101 from tearing or excessive deformation, and thus improving the absorption effect of expansion force.

[0132] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figures 5-7 In some embodiments, the elastic portion 101 is made of an insulating material. The orthographic projection of the battery cell 20 onto a plane perpendicular to the first direction Y falls within the range of the orthographic projection of the elastic portion 101 onto the plane perpendicular to the first direction Y.

[0133] The battery casing is usually made of metal. As a conductor, if the metal casing comes into direct contact with the individual battery cell 20, it may cause a short circuit in the high-voltage circuit.

[0134] by Figure 2 For example, the battery cell 20 is placed in the cavity defined by the first part 11 and the second part 12. The first part 11 and the second part 12 are both hollow structures with an opening on one side. The top surface of the first body part 110 and the bottom surface of the second body part 120 are both planes perpendicular to the first direction Y.

[0135] When the elastic part 101 is located on the inner top surface of the first body part 110, the area of ​​the elastic part 101 is greater than or equal to the orthogonal projection area of ​​the multiple battery cells 20 along the first direction Y on the top surface of the first body part 110. In this way, on the one hand, the multiple battery cells 20 can all be kept insulated from the top surface of the first body part 110, improving the safety performance of the battery device; on the other hand, when the elastic part 101 adopts a large-area integral design, the expansion force of the battery cells 20 will be more evenly distributed to the entire top surface of the first body part 110, avoiding local stress concentration. The rigidity of the first body part 110 can effectively suppress the expansion force of the battery cells 20, resulting in better anti-expansion effect.

[0136] Furthermore, the elastic portion 101 can be distributed throughout the inner top surface and the surrounding inner sidewalls of the first body portion 110, thereby further improving the safety performance and anti-expansion effect of the battery device.

[0137] Similarly, when the elastic part 101 is located on the inner bottom surface of the second body part 120, the arrangement of the elastic part 101 is similar, and will not be described again here.

[0138] By designing the elastic part 101 as an insulating material and ensuring that the orthogonal projection of the cell 20 on the plane perpendicular to the first direction Y falls within the range of the orthogonal projection of the elastic part 101 on the plane perpendicular to the first direction Y, the safety performance of the battery device can be improved, and the expansion force of the cell 20 can be more evenly distributed, thereby improving the anti-expansion effect.

[0139] Please refer to Figures 5-7 In some embodiments, the portion of the elastic part 101 corresponding to the pressure relief component 21b contains fire extinguishing material.

[0140] When the battery cell 20 experiences thermal runaway, the fire extinguishing material inside the elastic part 101 is released by the high-temperature flue gas dissolving the elastic part 101 in the corresponding area, which is used to respond quickly in the early stage of thermal runaway and suppress the spread of fire.

[0141] In some embodiments, the extinguishing material includes, but is not limited to, one of perfluorohexanone, hydrogel, dry extinguishing agent, and microencapsulated extinguishing agent.

[0142] In some embodiments, in addition to the portion corresponding to the pressure relief member 21b containing fire extinguishing material, other areas of the elastic portion 101 may also contain fire extinguishing material.

[0143] By adding fire extinguishing material to at least the portion of the elastic part 101 corresponding to the pressure relief component 21b, the fire extinguishing material can be released in the corresponding area when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell 20, so as to respond quickly in the early stage of thermal runaway and suppress the spread of fire, thereby improving the safety of the battery device.

[0144] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 5 In some embodiments, the second portion 12 is located at the bottom of the cell 20 along the direction of gravity.

[0145] like Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, in this orientation, the direction of gravity of the battery cell 20 is parallel to the first direction Y. At this time, the second part 12 is located at the bottom of the battery cell 20 along the direction of gravity. The electrode terminal 21a of the battery cell 20 is located on the bottom surface of the battery cell 20 facing the second body part 120, making it an inverted cell. The pressure relief component 21b of the battery cell 20 can be disposed on the same side as the electrode terminal 21a, or separately on the opposite side of the battery cell 20.

[0146] The second body part 120 has an elastic part 101 on the bottom surface facing the cell 20. The elastic part 101 includes a protruding structure 1011 protruding towards the cell 20. At least a part of the protruding structure 1011 contacts the electrode terminal 21a. The protruding structure 1011 can support the cell 20, limit the displacement of the cell 20, and enhance the structural stability of the battery device.

[0147] As mentioned above, in traditional inverted cell battery packs, the base assembly of the casing includes a metal plate and a bottom cover, with the metal plate supporting the cell module. This approach supports and limits the cell module by placing a metal plate between the cell module and the bottom cover, but the metal plate not only increases the weight of the device but also fails to absorb the expansion force of the cell module.

[0148] In some embodiments of this application, when the battery device has an inverted cell structure, an elastic part 101 is provided on the side of the second body part 120 of the second part 12 facing the cell 20, and the electrode terminal 21a of the cell 20 is supported on the elastic part 101. The elastic part 101 can replace the traditional metal plate to support and limit the cell 20. At the same time, the expansion force of the cell 20 can be evenly distributed to the second body part 120 through the elastic part 101. The rigidity of the second body part 120 can effectively suppress the cell expansion force, save costs, and improve the internal space utilization of the battery device.

[0149] Please refer to Figures 5-8 In some embodiments, the elastic portion 101 includes a foamed material.

[0150] Foamed materials are materials that form independent or interconnected pores in a polymer matrix through physical or chemical foaming processes. Foamed materials achieve elastic deformation through the compression of their internal pore structure, which can effectively absorb the expansion force of the battery cell.

[0151] Compared to traditional solutions that use dense lattice metal plates as support plates for battery cells, some embodiments of this application use foamed materials to support and limit the battery cells 20, significantly reducing the weight of the battery device and achieving a lightweight design. Furthermore, the elastic part 101 is made of foamed material, which can be directly molded onto the inner surface of the main body during the fabrication process, eliminating the need for additional adhesive bonding. This achieves an integrated structure between the elastic part 101 and the main body, saving costs and simplifying the manufacturing process.

[0152] It is understandable that during the preparation of the elastic part 101, the reinforcing layer 102 can also be directly prepared on the surface of the elastic part 101 using the adhesive force of the foaming material, without the need for additional adhesive bonding process, saving costs and simplifying the process.

[0153] In some embodiments, the foaming material includes at least one of foamed polyurethane and microfoamed polyphenylene ether.

[0154] Expanded polyurethane foam and microcellular polyphenylene ether (PVC) are two different polymer materials. Expanded polyurethane foam is made by reacting polyols and isocyanates, and then sprayed on-site to form a micro-open-cell structure, exhibiting excellent adhesion properties and lightweight properties. Microcellular polyphenylene ether forms a micro-closed-cell structure through physical or chemical foaming, also exhibiting excellent adhesion properties and lightweight properties.

[0155] By selecting appropriate foaming materials, the elastic part can be directly molded onto the inner surface of the main body, simplifying the manufacturing process, enabling a lightweight design of the battery device, and improving its anti-expansion effect.

[0156] Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 7 In some embodiments, a wear-resistant layer 104 is provided on the side of the first body portion 110 and / or the second body portion 120 away from the elastic portion 101, and the friction coefficient of the wear-resistant layer 104 is lower than that of the first body portion 110 or the second body portion 120.

[0157] The wear-resistant layer 104 refers to a protective coating with a coefficient of friction higher than that of the first body portion 110 or the second body portion 120, used to prevent damage to the first body portion 110 or the second body portion 120 due to friction or collision, and its material includes, but is not limited to, at least one of polyurea and polyvinyl chloride.

[0158] It should be noted that the wear-resistant layer 104 can be applied to the outer surface of the first body portion 110 or the second body portion 120, or the outer surfaces of both the first body portion 110 and the second body portion 120 can be coated with the wear-resistant layer 104.

[0159] By applying a wear-resistant layer 104 to the outer surface of at least one of the first body portion 110 and the second body portion 120, at least one of the first body portion 110 and the second body portion 120 is protected, the structural strength of the housing is improved, and the safety performance of the battery device is enhanced.

[0160] An embodiment of the second aspect of this application provides an electrical device that includes a battery device from any of the above embodiments, the battery device being used to provide electrical energy.

[0161] Electrical devices include vehicles (such as cars, electric vehicles, ships, spacecraft, etc.), display devices (such as mobile phones, tablets, laptops, etc.), electric toys, power tools, etc.

[0162] It is understood that the electrical device provided in this application, by applying the battery device of any of the above embodiments, has all the beneficial effects of the battery device described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0163] An embodiment of the third aspect of this application provides an energy storage device, which includes a battery device as described in any of the above embodiments, the battery device being used for energy storage.

[0164] Energy storage devices can include, but are not limited to, centralized energy storage devices (such as containerized energy storage devices), distributed energy storage devices, mobile energy storage devices, and so on.

[0165] It is understood that the energy storage device provided in this application, by applying the battery device of any of the above embodiments, has all the beneficial effects of the battery device described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0166] The battery device of this application will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments, as detailed below.

[0167] like Figures 5-7 As shown, this application provides a battery device 100, which includes a housing 10 and a battery cell 20. The housing 10 includes a first part 11 and a second part 12 disposed opposite to each other along a first direction Y. The first part 11 and the second part 12 cover each other, and the first part 11 and the second part 12 together define a receiving space for accommodating the battery cell 20, and the battery cell 20 is placed in the receiving space.

[0168] In this embodiment, the first body portion 110 of the first part 11 is a hollow structure with one end open, and the second body portion 120 of the second part 12 is a plate-like structure. The second part 12 is located at the bottom of the battery cell 20 along the direction of gravity, and the electrode terminals 21a and the pressure relief component 21b of the battery cell 20 are both positioned directly opposite the second body portion 120. The two electrode terminals 21a of the battery cell 20 are arranged at intervals along a second direction X perpendicular to the first direction Y.

[0169] Among them, the second body part 120 is connected to the side of the cell 20 facing the elastic part 101. The elastic part 101 includes an elastic part body 1012 and a plurality of protrusion structures 1011. The elastic part body 1012 is a continuous film layer, and the plurality of protrusion structures 1011 protrude from the surface of the elastic part body 1012 facing the cell 20.

[0170] Specifically, the protrusion structure 1011 includes a first protrusion 10111 and a second protrusion 10112. The second protrusion 10112 protrudes from the surface of the first protrusion 10111 facing the cell unit 20, and the width of the second protrusion 10112 in the second direction X is smaller than the width of the first protrusion 10111 in the second direction X. The second protrusion 10112 abuts against the shoulder of the cell unit 20, and the first protrusion 10111 contacts the end of the electrode terminal 21a away from the first portion 11.

[0171] Since the expansion force of the battery cell 20 is generated by the outward expansion of the positive and negative electrode plates in opposite directions, the second protrusion 10112 abutting against the shoulder of the battery cell 20 can more quickly and directly disperse the expansion force generated by the battery cell 20, thereby improving the absorption efficiency of the expansion force. Furthermore, both the first protrusion 10111 and the second protrusion 10112 can convert some of the battery cell expansion energy into elastic potential energy for storage, thereby improving the absorption rate of the battery cell expansion force. In addition, the first protrusion 10111 and the second protrusion 10112 can also evenly distribute another portion of the battery cell expansion force from different positions of the battery cell 20 onto the second body portion 120, further improving the absorption rate of the expansion force.

[0172] Among them, a recess 1013 is formed between two adjacent first protrusions 10111. The orthogonal projection of the pressure relief component 21b of the battery cell 20 on the second part 12 falls within the range of the recess 1013. In this way, the pressure relief component 21b can be opened normally when the battery cell 20 is in thermal runaway, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery device.

[0173] Furthermore, the two electrode terminals 21a of the battery cell 20 are respectively in contact with two adjacent first protrusions 10111. The first protrusions 10111 can support and limit the battery cell 20, and at least part of the expansion force of the battery cell 20 can be absorbed by the elastic deformation of the first protrusions 10111. Similarly, part of the expansion force of the two shoulders of the battery cell 20 in the second direction X can be absorbed by the elastic deformation of two adjacent second protrusions 10112, thereby improving the absorption efficiency of the expansion force.

[0174] Furthermore, two adjacent battery cells 20 arranged in the second direction X share a common connection to the same protruding structure 1011.

[0175] In this way, the protruding structure 1011 can limit the adjacent battery cell 20, and the expansion force can be more evenly distributed to the entire second body 120, avoiding local stress concentration. The rigidity of the second body 120 can effectively suppress the expansion force of the battery cell 20, resulting in better anti-expansion effect.

[0176] Furthermore, the protruding structure 1011 extends along a third direction Z, wherein the first direction Y, the second direction X, and the third direction Z are perpendicular to each other.

[0177] Specifically, the first protrusion 10111, the second protrusion 10112, and the recess 1013 all extend along the third direction Z, so that the same row of battery cells 20 along the third direction Z are connected to the same protrusion structure 1011.

[0178] In this way, the cell expansion force can be more evenly distributed to the entire second body 120 through the protruding structure 1011, avoiding local stress concentration. The rigidity of the second body 120 can effectively suppress the expansion force of the individual cell 20, resulting in better anti-expansion effect.

[0179] The second protrusion 10112 has a reinforcing layer 102 and an adhesive layer 103 sequentially disposed on the side facing the battery cell 20. The reinforcing layer 102 is fixed to the surface of the second protrusion 10112 and is bonded to the battery cell 20 through the adhesive layer 103. The tensile strength of the reinforcing layer 102 is greater than the tensile strength of the elastic part 101, thereby protecting the elastic part 101 from tearing or excessive deformation.

[0180] The adhesive layer 103 is used to firmly fix the reinforcing layer 102 to the surface of the cell 20. At the same time, the elastic buffering effect of the adhesive layer 103 is used to disperse and absorb the stress generated by the expansion of the cell 20, which helps to improve the absorption effect of the expansion force.

[0181] It should be noted that there is no need to bond the first protrusion 10111 to the electrode terminal 21a, so as to prevent damage to the conductive parts of the electrode terminal 21a when the first protrusion 10111 undergoes elastic deformation.

[0182] Furthermore, the elastic portion 101 is made of foamed material. Using foamed material to support and limit the individual battery cells 20 significantly reduces the weight of the battery device, achieving a lightweight design. Moreover, since the elastic portion 101 is made of foamed material, the foamed material can be directly molded onto the inner surface of the main body during the manufacturing process, eliminating the need for additional adhesive steps. This achieves an integrated structure between the elastic portion 101 and the main body, saving costs and simplifying the manufacturing process.

[0183] The battery device of this embodiment utilizes the reversible deformation characteristics of the elastic part 101 to convert part of the expansion energy generated by the expansion of the battery cell into elastic potential energy for storage, thereby absorbing at least part of the expansion force of the battery cell, effectively alleviating the damage to the structure of the housing 10 caused by the expansion force, and reducing the abnormal noise caused by the deformation of the housing 10.

[0184] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of this application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery device, characterized in that, include: Battery cell unit; as well as The housing includes a first portion and a second portion disposed opposite each other along a first direction, the first portion and the second portion together defining a receiving cavity for accommodating the battery cell; At least one of the first part and the second part includes a body part and an elastic part connected to the body part, the elastic part being located on the side of the body part facing the battery cell, and the elastic part being at least partially in contact with the battery cell.

2. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic portion includes a protruding structure that protrudes toward the side where the battery cell is located, and the protruding structure at least partially abuts against the battery cell.

3. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least a portion of the second part is disposed directly opposite to the first surface of the battery cell where a pressure relief component is provided; The elastic portion of the second part includes a plurality of spaced first protrusions, with a recess formed between two adjacent first protrusions, and the projection of the pressure relief component of the battery cell on the second part at least partially coincides with the recess.

4. The battery device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first surface of the battery cell is further provided with electrode terminals; and the first protrusion is at least partially in contact with the electrode terminals.

5. The battery device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The elastic portion of the second part also includes a second protrusion protruding toward the side where the battery cell is located; The second protrusion abuts against the shoulder of the battery cell.

6. The battery device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second protrusion is disposed on the surface of the first protrusion facing the battery cell.

7. The battery device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The number of the second protrusions is multiple and they are spaced apart, and at least one of the second protrusions simultaneously abuts against the shoulders of two adjacent battery cells.

8. The battery device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The electrode terminal includes a positive terminal and a negative terminal spaced apart along a second direction, and the first protrusion extends along a third direction. The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

9. The battery device according to claim 4, characterized in that, A busbar is provided at the end of the electrode terminal away from the first part, and the first protrusion is connected to the busbar.

10. The battery device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, At least one of the first portion and the second portion further includes a reinforcing layer, the reinforcing layer being disposed on the side of the elastic portion facing the individual cell. The tensile strength of the reinforcing layer is greater than the tensile strength of the elastic part.

11. The battery device according to claim 10, characterized in that, An adhesive layer is provided on the side surface of the reinforcing layer facing away from the main body, and the reinforcing layer is bonded to the battery cell through the adhesive layer.

12. The battery device according to claim 10, characterized in that, The reinforcing layer may be made of fiber, plastic or metal.

13. The battery device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The elastic part is made of insulating material; Furthermore, the orthographic projection of the individual battery cell onto a plane perpendicular to the first direction falls within the range of the orthographic projection of the elastic portion onto a plane perpendicular to the first direction.

14. The battery device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The portion of the elastic part corresponding to the pressure relief component contains fire extinguishing material.

15. The battery device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The second part is located at the bottom of the battery cell along the direction of gravity.

16. The battery device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The elastic part includes a foamed material.

17. The battery device according to claim 16, characterized in that, The foaming material includes at least one of foamed polyurethane and micro-foamed polyphenylene ether.

18. The battery device according to claim 16, characterized in that, The wear-resistant layer is provided on the side of the main body away from the elastic part, and the friction coefficient of the wear-resistant layer is lower than that of the main body.

19. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, Includes the battery device as described in any one of claims 1-18, the battery device being used to provide electrical energy.

20. An energy storage device, characterized in that, Includes the battery device as described in any one of claims 1-18, the battery device being used for storing electrical energy.

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