Battery thermal runaway protection device and electric energy storage cabinet

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery thermal runaway protection device and an electric energy storage cabinet, and relates to the field of battery protection. By arranging the protection assembly, the battery which may be in danger can be quickly and reliably transferred out from the original position, the influence of the battery body which is in thermal runaway on the surrounding normal battery body is avoided, and a danger diffusion path is effectively cut off; a driving structure related to sliding of the explosion-proof box drives a rotating rod by means of a motor, and drives a positioning rod, a pushing strip and a pushing rod to move through meshing transmission of a driving gear and a fluted disc, so that the explosion-proof box is precisely pushed to slide in a through groove; when the thermal runaway battery body is transferred, the explosion-proof box can be timely moved to a proper position to receive the thermal runaway battery body, the whole process is quick in response and accurate in action, and the explosion-proof box is matched with a fixing groove and an internal structure for driving a tray to act, so that a complete and efficient battery thermal runaway protection mechanism is formed; and the coping capacity and the safety of the electric energy storage cabinet in the case of thermal runaway of the battery are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery protection technology, and in particular to battery thermal runaway protection devices and power storage cabinets. Background Technology

[0002] With the transformation of the global energy structure and the increasing demand for clean energy, power storage technology, as a key means to address the intermittency and volatility of renewable energy, is ushering in unprecedented development opportunities. Among various power storage methods, battery energy storage has become one of the most widely used and promising energy storage technologies due to its advantages such as high energy density, fast response speed, and flexible deployment. It is widely used in various fields such as grid peak shaving, distributed energy systems, and electric vehicle charging stations. Battery thermal runaway refers to the rapid increase in internal temperature of a battery during charging and discharging due to uncontrolled internal chemical reactions, overcharging, over-discharging, short circuits, mechanical damage, etc., which triggers a series of chain reactions, causing serious accidents such as battery combustion and explosion. Once battery thermal runaway occurs, it will not only damage the battery itself, but may also trigger a chain reaction of surrounding batteries, leading to the paralysis of the entire energy storage system, or even causing major safety accidents such as fires and explosions, posing a serious threat to the safety of people's lives and property. Existing battery thermal runaway protection measures still have many limitations. When a battery experiences thermal runaway and causes a fire or explosion, existing energy storage cabinets often cannot isolate the thermally runaway battery from the system in time to prevent the accident from escalating further. Furthermore, there is a lack of effective collection and treatment measures for the harmful gases and fumes generated by thermally runaway batteries, which can easily cause secondary harm to the surrounding environment and personnel. Summary of the Invention

[0003] (a) Technical problems to be solved To address the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a battery thermal runaway protection device and a power storage cabinet.

[0004] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a battery thermal runaway protection device and a power storage cabinet, comprising a cabinet body, wherein a plurality of battery slots are equidistantly provided on the outer wall of the cabinet body, a tray is slidably connected inside the battery slots, a placement plate is provided on the top of the tray, an NTC temperature sensor is provided on the top of the placement plate, a battery body is provided on the top of the placement plate, a through groove is provided on the lower outer wall of the cabinet body, a collection platform is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cabinet body, a photoelectric sensor is provided on the top of the collection platform, and a protection component for thermal runaway protection of the battery body is provided inside the cabinet body; The protective component includes fixed slots equidistantly spaced inside the cabinet body. A flipping component for driving the tray to flip is installed inside the fixed slot. A first explosion-proof box and a second explosion-proof box are slidably connected inside the through slot. Flame-retardant rubber pads are fixedly connected inside both the first and second explosion-proof boxes. A push-out component for driving the first and second explosion-proof boxes to slide is installed inside the through slot. A lid is rotatably connected inside both the first and second explosion-proof boxes. An opening and closing component for automatically opening and closing the lid is installed inside both the first and second explosion-proof boxes.

[0005] In a preferred embodiment of the battery thermal runaway protection device and power storage cabinet of the present invention, the flipping assembly includes a pneumatic push rod fixedly connected inside a fixed groove. The output end of the pneumatic push rod is fixedly connected to a telescopic rod. A connecting groove is formed inside the telescopic rod. A connecting rod is slidably connected inside the connecting groove. An oblique groove is formed on the outer wall of the connecting rod. A limiting post is fixedly connected inside the connecting groove. The outer wall of the limiting post is slidably connected to the inner side of the oblique groove. A limiting ring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting rod. A limiting groove is formed inside the fixed groove. The outer wall of the limiting ring is slidably connected to the inner side of the limiting groove. An annular groove is formed inside the limiting groove. The end of the connecting rod away from the connecting groove extends to the outside of the cabinet and is fixedly connected to a fixed seat. The top of the fixed seat is fixedly connected to the bottom of the tray.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the battery thermal runaway protection device and power storage cabinet of the present invention, the ejection assembly includes a rotating rod rotatably connected to the cabinet body via a bearing. A drive gear is symmetrically fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating rod. Two gear discs are symmetrically rotatably connected to the inner side of the through slot via a shaft pin. The outer wall of the drive gear meshes with the outer walls of the two gear discs respectively. A positioning rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the gear disc. A push bar is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the positioning rod. A first push rod and a second push rod are fixedly connected to the bottom of the push bar. Push blocks are fixedly connected to the outer walls of both the first and second explosion-proof boxes. The outer walls of the first and second push rods abut against the outer walls of the push blocks.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the battery thermal runaway protection device and power storage cabinet of the present invention, a support frame is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cabinet, a motor is fixedly connected inside the support frame, one end of the rotating rod near the support frame is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor, two electric moving wheels are symmetrically fixedly connected to the bottom of the first explosion-proof box and the second explosion-proof box, guide rails are symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner side of the through groove, and the inner side of the pushing block is slidably connected to the outer wall of the guide rail.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the battery thermal runaway protection device and power storage cabinet of the present invention, the opening and closing assembly includes sliding grooves formed on the top of the first explosion-proof box and the second explosion-proof box. The inner side of the sliding groove is slidably connected to the outer wall of the box cover. Electric push rods are symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner sides of the first explosion-proof box and the second explosion-proof box. A support rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric push rod. Rotating rods are symmetrically fixedly connected to the bottom of the box cover. The end of the rotating rod away from the box cover is rotatably connected to the upper end of the support rod through a bearing. Limit seats are fixedly connected to the inner sides of the first explosion-proof box and the second explosion-proof box. The outer walls of the rotating rod and the support rod are slidably connected to the inner side of the limit seats.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the battery thermal runaway protection device and power storage cabinet of the present invention, the inner side of the battery slot is symmetrically provided with strip grooves, the outer wall of the placement tray is symmetrically fixedly connected with an extension rod, one end of the extension rod near the strip groove is rotatably connected to a roller through a bearing, the outer wall of the roller is slidably connected to the inner side of the strip groove, the top of the tray is symmetrically fixedly connected with two dampers, the top of the dampers is fixedly connected to the bottom of the placement tray, the top of the tray is symmetrically fixedly connected with two limiting frames, and the outer wall of the placement tray is slidably connected to the inner side of the limiting frames.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the battery thermal runaway protection device and power storage cabinet of the present invention, the cabinet body is symmetrically provided with a first ventilation slot and a second ventilation slot. The first ventilation slot has a plurality of air inlet slots equidistantly provided on the side near the battery slot, and a connection port is provided on the side of the two battery slots that are close to each other. The second ventilation slot has a plurality of air outlet slots equidistantly provided on the side near the battery slot. Each battery slot is fixedly connected with a first air guide plate, a second air guide plate, a third air guide plate and a fourth air guide plate. A cooler is fixedly connected to the top of the cabinet body. The output end of the cooler is fixedly connected to a first pipe. The end of the first pipe away from the cooler extends into the first ventilation slot. The input end of the cooler is fixedly connected to a second pipe. The end of the second pipe away from the cooler extends into the second ventilation slot. An air pump is fixedly connected to the top of the cabinet body. The output end of the air pump extends into the second pipe.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the battery thermal runaway protection device and power storage cabinet described in this invention, the first explosion-proof box and the second explosion-proof box are ACTBOX lithium battery explosion-proof boxes, which adopt a double-layer composite structure and have an explosion resistance capability that is twice the industry average level. They can withstand the explosion energy of a single battery cell of 52,078 joules, and their pressure relief system response time is ≤0.1 seconds, with a pressure relief area ratio of over 10%.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the battery thermal runaway protection device and power storage cabinet of the present invention, two support seats are fixedly connected at equal intervals to the outer wall of the cabinet, and a liquid nitrogen fire extinguisher is fixedly connected inside the support seats.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the battery thermal runaway protection device and power storage cabinet of the present invention, the side of the collection platform away from the cabinet is inclined, and the side of the cabinet away from the collection platform is fixedly connected with an inclined block.

[0014] (III) Beneficial Effects This invention provides a battery thermal runaway protection device and a power storage cabinet. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. By setting up protective components, potentially dangerous battery cells can be quickly and reliably moved from their original positions, preventing thermal runaway batteries from affecting surrounding normal batteries and effectively cutting off the path of danger. The drive structure related to the sliding of the explosion-proof box, through the meshing of the active gear and the gear plate, drives the positioning rod, push bar, and push rod to move, thereby precisely pushing the explosion-proof box to slide in the through slot. When a thermally runaway battery cell is moved, the explosion-proof box can be moved to a suitable position to receive it in a timely manner. The whole process is responsive and accurate. In conjunction with the structure of the fixed slot and the internal drive tray, a complete and efficient battery thermal runaway protection mechanism is formed, which greatly improves the power storage cabinet's ability to cope with battery thermal runaway and its safety, and minimizes the possible losses and hazards caused by thermal runaway.

[0015] 2. By setting up an opening and closing component, in the event of an emergency such as thermal runaway of the battery body, the electric push rods in the first and second explosion-proof boxes can precisely push the support rod. With the sliding constraint of the rotating rod in the limit seat and the rotation of the bearing, the box cover can be opened quickly and smoothly automatically. This not only provides a convenient passage for the rapid transfer of the thermally runaway battery body into the explosion-proof box, effectively avoiding damage to other components of the cabinet caused by high temperature and flames, and ensuring the safety of the overall equipment, but also facilitates the inspection and handling of the situation inside the explosion-proof box by the staff during daily maintenance. This greatly improves the equipment's ability to respond to sudden safety events and its operability, and builds a solid defense for the safe and stable operation of the power storage cabinet.

[0016] 3. By setting up symmetrically distributed and mutually cooperating first and second ventilation slots inside the cabinet, and by setting an air inlet slot on the side of the first ventilation slot near the battery slot to introduce cold air delivered by the cold air fan through the first pipe, and setting a connection port between the two battery slots to promote air circulation, and by setting an air outlet slot on the side of the second ventilation slot near the battery slot and working with the air pump to discharge hot air through the second pipe, and by rationally arranging the first to fourth air guide plates in each battery slot to guide the cold air to accurately cover the surface of the battery body, the efficient delivery of cold air and the rapid discharge of hot air are achieved. This effectively avoids local overheating of the battery body, ensures the stable performance of the battery body, extends the service life of the battery body, reduces the safety risks caused by overheating, and improves the safety and reliability of the entire power energy storage cabinet. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the support frame of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is the present invention. Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the strip groove of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is the present invention. Figure 4 Enlarged view of section B in the middle.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flipping component of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning rod of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the component proposed in this invention.

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the opening and closing component of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the explosion-proof box of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 11This is the present invention. Figure 10 Enlarged view of point C.

[0029] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air guide channel of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the air guide plate of the present invention.

[0031] In the diagram, 1. Cabinet; 2. Battery compartment; 3. Tray; 4. Placement tray; 5. NTC temperature sensor; 7. Battery body; 8. Through slot; 9. Collection platform; 10. Photoelectric sensor; 11. Protective components; 101. Fixing groove; 102. First explosion-proof box; 103. Second explosion-proof box; 104. Flame-retardant rubber pad; 105. Box cover; 12. Tilting assembly; 201. Limiting groove; 202. Pneumatic push rod; 203. Telescopic rod; 204. Connecting groove; 205. Connecting rod; 206. Inclined groove; 207. Limiting post; 208. Limiting ring; 209. Annular groove; 210. Fixing base; 13. Pushing assembly; 301. Rotating rod; 302. Drive gear; 303. Gear plate; 304. Positioning rod; 305. Push bar; 306. First push rod; 307. Second push rod; 308. Push block; 309. Support Frame; 310, Motor; 311, Electric caster wheel; 312, Guide rail; 14, Opening and closing assembly; 401, Sliding groove; 402, Electric push rod; 403, Support rod; 404, Rotating rod; 405, Limiting seat; 15, Strip groove; 16, Extension rod; 17, Roller; 18, Damper; 19, Limiting frame; 20, First ventilation slot; 21, Second ventilation slot; 22, Air inlet slot; 23, Connection port; 24, Air outlet slot; 25, First air guide plate; 26, Second air guide plate; 27, Third air guide plate; 28, Fourth air guide plate; 29, Air cooler; 30, First pipe; 31, Second pipe; 32, Air pump; 33, Liquid nitrogen fire extinguisher. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0033] Example 1 Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 11This is the first embodiment of the present invention, which provides a battery thermal runaway protection device and a power storage cabinet, including a cabinet body 1. A plurality of battery slots 2 are equidistantly arranged on the outer wall of the cabinet body 1. A tray 3 is slidably connected inside the battery slots 2. A placement tray 4 is provided on the top of the tray 3. An NTC temperature sensor 5 is provided on the top of the placement tray 4. A battery body 7 is provided on the top of the placement tray 4. A through groove 8 is provided on the lower outer wall of the cabinet body 1. A collection platform 9 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cabinet body 1. A photoelectric sensor 10 is provided on the top of the collection platform 9. A protection component 11 for thermal runaway protection of the battery body 7 is provided inside the cabinet body 1. The protection component 11 includes components equidistantly arranged in the cabinet body 1. The body 1 has a fixed groove 101 inside, and a flipping component 12 for driving the tray 3 to flip inside the fixed groove 101. A first explosion-proof box 102 and a second explosion-proof box 103 are slidably connected inside the through groove 8. Flame-retardant rubber pads 104 are fixedly connected inside the first explosion-proof box 102 and the second explosion-proof box 103. A push-out component 13 for driving the first explosion-proof box 102 and the second explosion-proof box 103 to slide is provided inside the through groove 8. A box cover 105 is rotatably connected inside the first explosion-proof box 102 and the second explosion-proof box 103. An opening and closing component 14 for driving the box cover 105 to open and close automatically is provided inside the first explosion-proof box 102 and the second explosion-proof box 103.

[0034] Specifically, the flipping assembly 12 includes a pneumatic push rod 202 fixedly connected inside the fixing groove 101. A telescopic rod 203 is fixedly connected to the output end of the pneumatic push rod 202. A connecting groove 204 is formed inside the telescopic rod 203. A connecting rod 205 is slidably connected inside the connecting groove 204. An inclined groove 206 is formed on the outer wall of the connecting rod 205. A limiting post 207 is fixedly connected inside the connecting groove 204. The outer wall of the limiting post 207 is slidably connected to the inner side of the inclined groove 206. A limiting ring 208 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting rod 205. A limiting groove 201 is formed inside the fixing groove 101. The outer wall of the limiting ring 208 is slidably connected to the inner side of the limiting groove 201. The cabinet 1 has an annular groove 209 inside. The end of the connecting rod 205 away from the connecting groove 204 extends to the outside of the cabinet 1 and is fixedly connected to the fixing seat 210. The top of the fixing seat 210 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the tray 3. The push-out assembly 13 includes a rotating rod 301 rotatably connected to the inside of the cabinet 1 via a bearing. The outer wall of the rotating rod 301 is symmetrically fixedly connected to a drive gear 302. The inner side of the through groove 8 is symmetrically rotatably connected to two gear discs 303 via a shaft pin. The outer wall of the drive gear 302 meshes with the outer walls of the two gear discs 303 respectively. The outer wall of the gear discs 303 is fixedly connected to a positioning rod 304. The outer wall of the positioning rod 304 is fixedly connected to a push bar 305. The bottom of the first explosion-proof box 102 and the second explosion-proof box 103 are fixedly connected to a first push rod 306 and a second push rod 307. Push blocks 308 are fixedly connected to the outer walls of both the first explosion-proof box 102 and the second explosion-proof box 103. The outer walls of the first push rod 306 and the second push rod abut against the outer walls of the push blocks 308. A support frame 309 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cabinet 1. A motor 310 is fixedly connected inside the support frame 309. One end of the rotating rod 301 near the support frame 309 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 310. Two electric moving wheels 311 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the bottom of both the first explosion-proof box 102 and the second explosion-proof box 103. Guide rails 312 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner side of the through groove 8. The inner side of the push block 308... The first explosion-proof box 102 and the second explosion-proof box 103 are ACTBOX lithium battery explosion-proof boxes, which are slidably connected to the outer wall of the guide rail 312. They adopt a double-layer composite structure, with the inner layer being SUS304 stainless steel and the outer layer being ≥3mm cold-rolled steel plate. The explosion resistance is twice the industry average level and can withstand the explosion energy of 52,078 joules of a single battery. The pressure relief system has a response time of ≤0.1 seconds and a pressure relief area of ​​over 10%. Two support seats are fixedly connected at equal intervals to the outer wall of the cabinet 1. Liquid nitrogen fire extinguishers 33 are fixedly connected inside the support seats. The side of the collection platform 9 away from the cabinet 1 is inclined, and the side of the cabinet 1 away from the collection platform 9 is fixedly connected to an inclined block.

[0035] Furthermore, during normal operation of the power storage cabinet, the NTC temperature sensor on top of the storage tray 4 will accurately measure the temperature of the battery body 7 in real time, convert the temperature data into an electrical signal and transmit it to the PLC control system to determine whether there is abnormal overheating in the battery body 7. The temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the battery body 7 exceeds the preset safety threshold. The system immediately determines that the battery body 7 may experience thermal runaway and quickly activates the pneumatic push rod 202 to push the telescopic rod 203 outward. The telescopic rod 203 then drives the connecting rod 205 to slide, which in turn drives the limiting ring 208 to slide along the limiting groove 201. When the limiting ring 208 slides to the annular groove 209, the tray 3 completely slides out of the battery slot 2. Subsequently, the limiting post 207 slides along the inclined groove 206, which in turn drives the connecting rod 205 to rotate. The rotation of the connecting rod 205 will cause the tray 3 to flip. During the flipping process, the tray 3 quickly changes the direction of the thermal runaway battery body 7 placed on the tray 4, tilting it towards the through groove 8 on the lower outer wall of the cabinet 1. When the tray 3 is about to flip, the PLC control system sends a start signal to the motor 310, and then the motor 310 drives the rotation... When rod 301 rotates, the drive gear 302 rotates accordingly. The rotation of the drive gear 302 drives the gear disk 303 to rotate, which in turn drives the push bar 305 to rotate. The first push rod 306 and the second push rod 307 at the bottom of the push bar 305 also move accordingly. Under the action of the push rods, the push block 308 slides along the guide rail 312, thereby driving the first explosion-proof box 102 to move towards the collection platform 9. The second explosion-proof box 103 then moves to the original position of the first explosion-proof box 102. At this time, the second explosion-proof container is in position and can immediately take over the task of collecting potentially dangerous batteries that may occur in the future. For example, if other battery bodies 7 show dangerous signals such as abnormal temperature in a short period of time, the second explosion-proof container can immediately play a role in isolating the dangerous battery body 7 and preventing the danger from spreading to the surrounding environment and the normally operating battery pack, providing double protection for the system. A photoelectric sensor 10 on top of the collection platform 9 performs real-time monitoring. When the first explosion-proof box 102 moves to the collection platform 9, the photoelectric sensor 10 continuously emits a light beam and monitors the reflection. When the first explosion-proof box 102 enters its monitoring range and blocks the light beam, the photoelectric sensor 10 quickly detects this change and converts the signal that the first explosion-proof box 102 has arrived into position into an electrical signal, which is fed back to the PLC control system. After receiving the feedback signal, the PLC control system immediately sends a start command to the electric push rod 402 inside the first explosion-proof box 102. The output end of the electric push rod 402 will push the support rod 403 to move upward. During the upward movement of the support rod 403, the rotating rod 404 will rotate around the bearing and slide along the limit seat 405, thereby causing the cover 105 to slide upward and open along the sliding groove 401 on the top of the first explosion-proof box 102. At this time, the thermal runaway battery body 7, which is placed tilted on the tray 3, slides down the tray 3 under the action of gravity into the first explosion-proof box 102 with the cover 105 already opened. The flame-retardant rubber pad 10 is fixedly connected inside the first explosion-proof box 102. 4 can buffer the thermally runaway battery body 7 that has slipped into the first explosion-proof box 102, reducing the impact force when the thermally runaway battery body 7 slips down, and preventing the thermally runaway battery body 7 from directly colliding with the bottom of the first explosion-proof box 102 and generating sparks, further ensuring safety. When the thermally runaway battery body 7 enters the first explosion-proof box 102, the electric push rod 402 moves in the opposite direction, driving the support rod 403 to move downward. Through the rotation of the rotating rod 404 and the bearing, as well as the sliding within the limit seat 405, the box cover 105 moves along the sliding groove 401. Slide down and close, then the electric moving wheels 311 at the bottom of the first explosion-proof box 102 will start to drive the first explosion-proof box 102 containing the thermal runaway battery body 7 to move smoothly to the safe area along the pre-planned path. After the thermal runaway battery body 7 is transferred to the safe area, it can be further observed, processed or recycled. After the thermal runaway battery body 7 is transferred in the first explosion-proof box 102, it can enter the through groove 8 from the inclined block on the side of the cabinet 1 away from the collection platform 9 and continue to be used along the guide rail 312 in the through groove 8. The explosion-proof enclosure's double-layer composite structure (inner layer of SUS304 stainless steel, outer layer of ≥3mm cold-rolled steel plate) effectively resists the impact and high temperature generated by the explosion of the battery body 7 due to thermal runaway. Its pressure relief system responds rapidly when the pressure reaches a certain value (response time ≤0.1 seconds, pressure relief area ratio exceeding 10%), releasing the pressure inside the enclosure in a timely manner to prevent damage to the explosion-proof enclosure due to excessive pressure. At the same time, the liquid nitrogen fire extinguisher 33 inside the support base on the outer wall of the cabinet 1 is always on standby. Once the temperature inside the explosion-proof enclosure is too high or there are signs of fire, liquid nitrogen can be sprayed immediately to extinguish the fire, quickly reduce the temperature inside the enclosure, and suppress the spread of fire. The flame-retardant rubber pad 104 adopts a multi-layer structure design, with an outer layer of silicone rubber (providing high temperature resistance and flame-retardant protection) and an inner layer of high-elasticity buffer (absorbing impact energy). The high-elasticity buffer layer is made of ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber, which can reduce the hard impact on the battery body 7 when it falls, thereby reducing the risk of explosion.

[0036] Example 2 Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 This is the second embodiment of the present invention, which is based on the previous embodiment. The opening and closing component 14 includes a sliding groove 401 formed on the top of the first explosion-proof box 102 and the second explosion-proof box 103. The inner side of the sliding groove 401 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the box cover 105. Electric push rods 402 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner sides of the first explosion-proof box 102 and the second explosion-proof box 103. A support rod 403 is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric push rod 402. A rotating rod 404 is symmetrically fixedly connected to the bottom of the box cover 105. The end of the rotating rod 404 away from the box cover 105 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the support rod 403 through a bearing. A limiting seat 405 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the first explosion-proof box 102 and the second explosion-proof box 103. The outer walls of the rotating rod 404 and the support rod 403 are slidably connected to the inner side of the limiting seat 405.

[0037] Specifically, the inner side of the battery compartment 2 is symmetrically provided with strip grooves 15. The outer wall of the placement tray 4 is symmetrically fixedly connected with extension rods 16. The end of the extension rod 16 near the strip groove 15 is rotatably connected to a roller 17 via a bearing. The outer wall of the roller 17 is slidably connected to the inner side of the strip groove 15. The top of the tray 3 is symmetrically fixedly connected with two dampers 18. The top of the dampers 18 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the placement tray 4. The top of the tray 3 is symmetrically fixedly connected with two limiting frames 19. The outer wall of the placement tray 4 is slidably connected to the inner side of the limiting frames 19. The inside of the cabinet 1 is symmetrically provided with a first ventilation slot 20 and a second ventilation slot 21. The first ventilation slot 20 is provided with several air inlet slots 22 at equal intervals on the side near the battery compartment 2. The two battery compartments 2 are close to each other. A connection port 23 is provided on one side of the cabinet 1. Several air outlet slots 24 are provided at equal intervals on the side of the second ventilation slot 21 near the battery slot 2. A first air guide plate 25, a second air guide plate 26, a third air guide plate 27 and a fourth air guide plate 28 are fixedly connected inside each battery slot 2. A cooler 29 is fixedly connected to the top of the cabinet 1. A first pipe 30 is fixedly connected to the output end of the cooler 29. The end of the first pipe 30 away from the cooler 29 extends into the first ventilation slot 20. A second pipe 31 is fixedly connected to the input end of the cooler 29. The end of the second pipe 31 away from the cooler 29 extends into the second ventilation slot 21. An air pump 32 is fixedly connected to the top of the cabinet 1. The output end of the air pump 32 extends into the second pipe 31.

[0038] Furthermore, when the power storage cabinet starts working, the cooler 29 is activated, and the refrigeration system inside the cooler 29 begins operation. After cooling the surrounding air, the cold air is transported to the first ventilation slot 20 through the first pipe 30. The cold air accumulates in the first ventilation slot 20. Due to pressure, the cold air enters the battery compartment 2 evenly through the equidistant air inlets 22. At this time, the first air guide plate 25, the second air guide plate 26, the third air guide plate 27, and the fourth air guide plate 28 in the battery compartment 2 begin to function, guiding the cold air to flow along a specific path, so that the cold air can fully cover all surfaces of the battery body 7. During the flow of the cold air in the battery compartment 2, heat exchange occurs with the heated battery body 7. The heat generated by the battery body 7 is transferred to the cold air through heat conduction, causing the temperature of the cold air to rise. As the cold air continuously absorbs heat, its density gradually decreases, forming a natural upward airflow trend inside the cabinet 1. When the air pump 32 is activated, its output end generates suction in the second pipe 31, accelerating the airflow in the second ventilation slot 21. Under the action of the air pump 32, the hot air quickly enters the second ventilation slot 21 through the air outlet slot 24, and is then extracted from the cabinet 1 through the second pipe 31 and discharged to the external environment. With the continuous input of cold air and the continuous discharge of hot air, a stable hot and cold air circulation system is formed inside the cabinet 1. The air cooler 29 continuously delivers cold air to the first ventilation slot 20, and the air pump 32 continuously extracts the hot air from the second ventilation slot 21, so that the temperature inside the battery slot 2 is always kept within a suitable range. The first air guide plate 25, the second air guide plate 26, the third air guide plate 27 and the fourth air guide plate 28 are arranged in an arc shape, thereby always guiding the airflow direction, ensuring that each battery body 7 can be evenly cooled, avoiding the occurrence of local overheating, and ensuring the stable operation of the power storage cabinet. During normal operation of the power storage cabinet, the weight of the battery body 7 acts on the placement tray 4. The placement tray 4 is stably supported in the slot 15 by the rollers 17 on the extension rod 16. Due to the rolling connection between the rollers 17 and the slot 15, the placement tray 4 can maintain a relatively stable position in the battery slot 2. At the same time, the damper 18 is in its initial state, providing a certain support force for the placement tray 4 to ensure that the placement tray 4 does not sink excessively due to the weight of the battery body 7. The limit frame 19 restricts the horizontal movement range of the placement tray 4 to prevent accidental displacement of the placement tray 4 during the placement of the battery body 7. When it is necessary to inspect, replace, or move the battery body 7 to a specific location such as an explosion-proof box, the control system will issue a command, and the pneumatic push rod 202 will activate. The process begins by pushing tray 3 forward, which in turn moves placement tray 4. At this time, rollers 17 on the extension rod 16 on the outer wall of placement tray 4 begin to roll within the groove 15. When rollers 17 slide out of the groove 15, the height of placement tray 4 is at the same level as the height of the groove 15, limited by the limit frame 19. In addition, during the movement of placement tray 4, when subjected to an upward impact force, damper 18 is compressed, and the internal elastic element and damping medium absorb the impact energy, slowing down the upward speed of placement tray 4 and battery body 7. When subjected to a downward impact force, damper 18 extends, and similarly reduces the sinking amplitude of placement tray 4 and battery body 7 through elastic deformation and damping, thereby ensuring the stability of battery body 7 during movement.

[0039] Working Principle: During normal operation of the power storage cabinet, the NTC temperature sensor on top of the placement tray 4 accurately measures the temperature of the battery body 7 in real time, converts the temperature data into an electrical signal, and transmits it to the PLC control system to determine whether the battery body 7 is overheating abnormally. Once the NTC temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the battery body 7 exceeds the preset safety threshold, the system immediately determines that the battery body 7 may have thermal runaway. It quickly activates the pneumatic push rod 202 to push the telescopic rod 203 outward. The telescopic rod 203 then drives the connecting rod 205 to slide. The connecting rod 205 then drives the limiting ring 208 to slide along the limiting groove 201. When the limiting ring 208 slides to the annular groove 209, the tray 3 completely slides out of the battery slot 2. Subsequently, the limiting post 207 slides along the inclined groove 206, thereby driving the connecting rod 205 to rotate. The rotation of the connecting rod 205 will cause the tray 3 to flip. During the flipping process, the tray 3 quickly transfers the thermally runaway battery body 7 from the placement tray 4. The direction is tilted towards the through groove 8 on the lower outer wall of the cabinet 1. When the tray 3 is to be flipped, the PLC control system sends a start signal to the motor 310. Then the motor 310 drives the rotating rod 301 to rotate. Immediately afterwards, the drive gear 302 rotates. The rotation of the drive gear 302 will drive the gear plate 303 to rotate. Then the rotation of the gear plate 303 will drive the push bar 305 to rotate. The first push rod 306 and the second push rod 307 at the bottom of the push bar 305 will also move. Under the action of the push rod, the push block 308 slides along the guide rail 312, thereby driving the first explosion-proof box 102 to move towards the collection platform 9. The second explosion-proof box 103 moves to the original position of the first explosion-proof box 102. The photoelectric sensor 10 on top of the collection platform 9 monitors in real time. When the first explosion-proof box 102 moves to the collection platform 9, the photoelectric sensor 10 continuously emits a light beam and monitors the reflection. When the first explosion-proof box 102 enters its monitoring range and blocks the light beam, the photoelectric sensor 10 quickly detects this change and converts the signal that the first explosion-proof box 102 is in position into an electrical signal and feeds it back to the PLC control system. After receiving the feedback signal, the PLC control system immediately sends a start command to the electric push rod 402 inside the first explosion-proof box 102. Then, the output end of the electric push rod 402 pushes the support rod 403 to move upward. During the upward movement of the support rod 403, the rotating rod 404 rotates around the bearing and slides along the limit seat 405, thereby driving the box cover 105 to slide upward along the sliding groove 401 on the top of the first explosion-proof box 102 and open. At this time, the thermal runaway battery placed tilted on the tray 3 slides down the tray 3 under the action of gravity and opens. Inside the first explosion-proof box 102 with the cover 105 open, the flame-retardant rubber pad 104 fixedly connected inside the first explosion-proof box 102 can buffer the thermal runaway battery body 7 that slides into the first explosion-proof box 102, reduce the impact force when the thermal runaway battery body 7 slides down, and prevent the thermal runaway battery body 7 from directly colliding with the bottom of the first explosion-proof box 102 to generate sparks, further ensuring safety. When the thermal runaway battery enters the explosion-proof box, the electric push rod 402 moves in the opposite direction, driving the support rod 403 to move downward. Through the rotation of the rotating rod 404 and the bearing, as well as the sliding in the limit seat 405, the box cover 105 slides down along the sliding groove 401 and closes. Then, the electric moving wheel 311 at the bottom of the first explosion-proof box 102 starts to drive the first explosion-proof box 102 containing the thermal runaway battery body 7 to move smoothly to the safe area along the pre-planned path. After the thermal runaway battery is transferred to the safe area, it can be further observed, processed or recycled. When the power storage cabinet starts working, the air cooler 29 is activated, and the refrigeration system inside the air cooler 29 begins operation. After cooling the surrounding air, the cold air is transported to the first ventilation slot 20 through the first pipe 30. The cold air accumulates in the first ventilation slot 20. Due to pressure, the cold air enters the battery compartment 2 evenly through the equidistant air inlets 22. At this time, the first air guide plate 25, the second air guide plate 26, the third air guide plate 27, and the fourth air guide plate 28 inside the battery compartment 2 begin to function, guiding the cold air to flow along a specific path, so that the cold air can fully cover all surfaces of the battery body 7. During the flow of the cold air in the battery compartment 2, heat exchange occurs with the heated battery body 7. The heat generated by the battery body 7 is transferred to the cold air through heat conduction, causing the temperature of the cold air to rise. As the cold air continuously absorbs heat, its density gradually decreases, and the temperature inside the cabinet 1 decreases. A natural upward airflow trend is formed. At the same time, the air pump 32 is started, and its output end generates suction in the second pipe 31, accelerating the airflow in the second ventilation slot 21. Under the action of the air pump 32, the hot air quickly enters the second ventilation slot 21 through the air outlet slot 24, and is then extracted from the cabinet 1 through the second pipe 31 and discharged to the external environment. With the continuous input of cold air and the continuous discharge of hot air, a stable hot and cold air circulation system is formed inside the cabinet 1. The air cooler 29 continuously delivers cold air to the first ventilation slot 20, and the air pump 32 continuously extracts the hot air from the second ventilation slot 21, so that the temperature in the battery slot 2 is always kept within a suitable range. During this process, the air guide plate always guides the airflow direction to ensure that each battery body 7 can be evenly cooled, avoiding the occurrence of local overheating and ensuring the stable operation of the power storage cabinet. During normal operation of the power storage cabinet, the weight of the battery body 7 acts on the placement tray 4. The placement tray 4 is stably supported in the slot 15 by the rollers 17 on the extension rod 16. Due to the rolling connection between the rollers 17 and the slot 15, the placement tray 4 can maintain a relatively stable position in the battery slot 2. At the same time, the damper 18 is in its initial state, providing a certain support force for the placement tray 4 to ensure that the placement tray 4 does not sink excessively due to the weight of the battery body 7. The limit frame 19 restricts the horizontal movement range of the placement tray 4 to prevent accidental displacement of the placement tray 4 during the placement of the battery body 7. When it is necessary to inspect, replace, or move the battery body 7 to a specific location such as an explosion-proof box, the control system will issue a command, and the pneumatic push rod 202 will activate. The process begins by pushing tray 3 forward, which in turn moves placement tray 4. At this time, rollers 17 on the extension rod 16 on the outer wall of placement tray 4 begin to roll within the groove 15. When rollers 17 slide out of the groove 15, the height of placement tray 4 is at the same level as the height of the groove 15, limited by the limit frame 19. In addition, during the movement of placement tray 4, when subjected to an upward impact force, damper 18 is compressed, and the internal elastic element and damping medium absorb the impact energy, slowing down the upward speed of placement tray 4 and battery body 7. When subjected to a downward impact force, damper 18 extends, and similarly reduces the sinking amplitude of placement tray 4 and battery body 7 through elastic deformation and damping, thereby ensuring the stability of battery body 7 during movement.

[0040] It should be noted that in this paper, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

Claims

1. A battery thermal runaway protection device and a power storage cabinet, comprising a cabinet (1), wherein a plurality of battery slots (2) are equidistantly provided on the outer wall of the cabinet (1), a tray (3) is slidably connected inside the battery slots (2), a placement tray (4) is provided on the top of the tray (3), an NTC temperature sensor (5) is provided on the top of the placement tray (4), a battery body (7) is provided on the top of the placement tray (4), a through groove (8) is provided on the lower outer wall of the cabinet (1), a collection platform (9) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cabinet (1), and a photoelectric sensor (10) is provided on the top of the collection platform (9), characterized in that: The cabinet (1) is equipped with a protection component (11) for thermal runaway protection of the battery body (7). The protective component (11) includes a fixing groove (101) equidistantly opened inside the cabinet (1). The fixing groove (101) is provided with a flipping component (12) for driving the tray (3) to flip. The through groove (8) is slidably connected to a first explosion-proof box (102) and a second explosion-proof box (103). Flame-retardant rubber pads (104) are fixedly connected inside the first explosion-proof box (102) and the second explosion-proof box (103). The through groove (8) is provided with a push-out component (13) for driving the first explosion-proof box (102) and the second explosion-proof box (103) to slide. A box cover (105) is rotatably connected inside the first explosion-proof box (102) and the second explosion-proof box (103). An opening and closing component (14) for driving the box cover (105) to open and close automatically is provided inside the first explosion-proof box (102) and the second explosion-proof box (103).

2. The battery thermal runaway protection device and power storage cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flipping assembly (12) includes a pneumatic push rod (202) fixedly connected inside a fixed groove (101). A telescopic rod (203) is fixedly connected to the output end of the pneumatic push rod (202). A connecting groove (204) is provided inside the telescopic rod (203). A connecting rod (205) is slidably connected inside the connecting groove (204). An oblique groove (206) is provided on the outer wall of the connecting rod (205). A limiting post (207) is fixedly connected inside the connecting groove (204). The outer wall of the limiting post (207) is connected to the oblique groove (206). 206) The inner side is slidably connected. The outer wall of the connecting rod (205) is fixedly connected to the limiting ring (208). The inside of the fixing groove (101) is opened to the limiting groove (201). The outer wall of the limiting ring (208) is slidably connected to the inner side of the limiting groove (201). The inside of the limiting groove (201) is opened to the annular groove (209). The end of the connecting rod (205) away from the connecting groove (204) extends to the outside of the cabinet (1) and is fixedly connected to the fixing seat (210). The top of the fixing seat (210) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the tray (3).

3. The battery thermal runaway protection device and power storage cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ejection assembly (13) includes a rotating rod (301) rotatably connected to the inside of the cabinet (1) via a bearing. A drive gear (302) is symmetrically fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating rod (301). Two gear discs (303) are symmetrically rotatably connected to the inner side of the through groove (8) via a shaft pin. The outer wall of the drive gear (302) meshes with the outer wall of the two gear discs (303). A positioning rod (304) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the gear disc (303). A push bar (305) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the positioning rod (304). A first push rod (306) and a second push rod (307) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the push bar (305). A push block (308) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of both the first explosion-proof box (102) and the second explosion-proof box (103). The outer walls of the first push rod (306) and the second push rod abut against the outer wall of the push block (308).

4. The battery thermal runaway protection device and power storage cabinet according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer wall of the cabinet (1) is fixedly connected to a support frame (309), and a motor (310) is fixedly connected inside the support frame (309). The end of the rotating rod (301) near the support frame (309) is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor (310). The bottom of the first explosion-proof box (102) and the second explosion-proof box (103) are symmetrically fixedly connected to two electric moving wheels (311). The inner side of the through groove (8) is symmetrically fixedly connected to a guide rail (312), and the inner side of the push block (308) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the guide rail (312).

5. The battery thermal runaway protection device and power storage cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening and closing assembly (14) includes a sliding groove (401) formed on the top of the first explosion-proof box (102) and the second explosion-proof box (103). The inner side of the sliding groove (401) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the box cover (105). Electric push rods (402) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner sides of the first explosion-proof box (102) and the second explosion-proof box (103). A support rod (403) is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric push rod (402). A rotating rod (404) is symmetrically fixedly connected to the bottom of the box cover (105). The end of the rotating rod (404) away from the box cover (105) is rotatably connected to the upper end of the support rod (403) through a bearing. A limiting seat (405) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the first explosion-proof box (102) and the second explosion-proof box (103). The outer walls of the rotating rod (404) and the support rod (403) are slidably connected to the inner side of the limiting seat (405).

6. The battery thermal runaway protection device and power storage cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery slot (2) has symmetrically provided strip grooves (15) on its inner side. The outer wall of the placement tray (4) is symmetrically fixedly connected with an extension rod (16). The end of the extension rod (16) near the strip groove (15) is rotatably connected to a roller (17) through a bearing. The outer wall of the roller (17) is slidably connected to the inner side of the strip groove (15). The top of the tray (3) is symmetrically fixedly connected with two dampers (18). The top of the dampers (18) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the placement tray (4). The top of the tray (3) is symmetrically fixedly connected with two limiting frames (19). The outer wall of the placement tray (4) is slidably connected to the inner side of the limiting frame (19).

7. The battery thermal runaway protection device and power storage cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cabinet (1) has a first ventilation slot (20) and a second ventilation slot (21) symmetrically arranged inside. The first ventilation slot (20) has several air inlet slots (22) equidistantly arranged on the side near the battery slot (2). A connection port (23) is provided on the side of two battery slots (2) that are close to each other. The second ventilation slot (21) has several air outlet slots (24) equidistantly arranged on the side near the battery slot (2). Each battery slot (2) is fixedly connected to a first air guide plate (25), a second air guide plate (26), a third air guide plate (27), and a fourth air guide plate (28). A cooler (29) is fixedly connected to the top of the cabinet (1). A first pipe (30) is fixedly connected to the output end of the cooler (29). The end of the first pipe (30) away from the cooler (29) extends into the interior of the first ventilation slot (20). A second pipe (31) is fixedly connected to the input end of the cooler (29). The end of the second pipe (31) away from the cooler (29) extends into the interior of the second ventilation slot (21). An air pump (32) is fixedly connected to the top of the cabinet (1). The output end of the air pump (32) extends into the interior of the second pipe (31).

8. The battery thermal runaway protection device and power storage cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first explosion-proof box (102) and the second explosion-proof box (103) are ACTBOX lithium battery explosion-proof boxes. They adopt a double-layer composite structure, and their explosion resistance is twice the industry average level. They can withstand the explosion energy of a single battery of 52,078 joules. Their pressure relief system response time is ≤0.1 seconds, and the pressure relief area accounts for more than 10%.

9. The battery thermal runaway protection device and power storage cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two support seats are fixedly connected at equal intervals to the outer wall of the cabinet (1), and a liquid nitrogen fire extinguisher (33) is fixedly connected inside the support seat.

10. The battery thermal runaway protection device and power storage cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collection platform (9) is inclined on the side away from the cabinet (1), and an inclined block is fixedly connected to the side of the cabinet (1) away from the collection platform (9).

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