Permanent magnet complementary axial flux motor

Abstract

The application discloses a permanent magnet complementary axial flux reverse motor and belongs to the technical field of axial flux motors. The motor comprises a single-stator assembly, rotors are arranged on the two sides of the single-stator assembly, and an axial air gap is arranged between the rotors and the single-stator assembly. The single-stator assembly comprises a stator core and stator teeth which are arranged on the outer side of the stator core at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. A complementary permanent magnet assembly is arranged on the stator teeth. The complementary permanent magnet assembly comprises first-type permanent magnets arranged along the axial end surface of the stator teeth and second-type permanent magnets arranged along the circumferential side of the stator teeth. In normal operation, the axial magnetomotive force of the first-type permanent magnets and the circumferential magnetomotive force of the second-type permanent magnets are vector superposed, so that the air gap magnetomotive force with a higher sine degree is synthesized, and the magnetic field harmonic distortion is significantly reduced. Meanwhile, the axial flux forms a main path through the double rotors and the air gap, the circumferential flux forms an auxiliary path along the side of the stator teeth, and the two paths meet at the root of the stator teeth to form a three-dimensional closed magnetic circuit, so that the magnetic circuit utilization rate is improved, and the core loss is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of axial flux motor technology, and particularly relates to a permanent magnet complementary axial flux reverse motor. Background Technology

[0002] Axial flux motors (AFMs) have become a research hotspot for high-efficiency drive technology due to their compact axial magnetic field layout and high power density. However, traditional axial flux motors have the following shortcomings: First, the permanent magnet layout is simple, the air gap magnetic field has a high harmonic content, and the total harmonic distortion rate is high, which leads to increased core loss and obvious torque pulsation, affecting control accuracy and running stability. Second, the magnetomotive force of the permanent magnet is not fully utilized, and the magnetic energy potential of the stator's three-dimensional space is not fully explored, which limits the further improvement of power density. Third, the fault tolerance is limited. If a local fault occurs in the stator permanent magnet or winding, there is a lack of an effective magnetic field compensation mechanism, which can easily cause the motor's power output to be interrupted, and the reliability cannot meet the requirements of high-end applications.

[0003] In existing technologies, although there have been attempts to improve performance by optimizing the shape or distribution of permanent magnets, the problems of magnetic circuits and harmonics have not been systematically solved from the perspective of "coordinated control of complementary magnetic fields". In some multi-permanent magnet group layout designs, saturation has been exacerbated by mutual interference of magnetic circuits, and performance breakthroughs have not been achieved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a permanent magnet complementary axial flux reverse motor to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a permanent magnet complementary axial flux reversing motor, including a single stator assembly, wherein rotors are respectively provided on both sides of the single stator assembly, and an axial air gap is provided between the rotors and the single stator assembly. The single stator assembly includes a stator core and stator teeth arranged circumferentially at equal intervals outside the stator core. A complementary permanent magnet assembly is provided on the stator teeth. The complementary permanent magnet assembly includes a first type of permanent magnet arranged along the axial end face of the stator teeth and a second type of permanent magnet arranged along the circumferential side of the stator teeth.

[0006] Optionally, the first type of permanent magnet is alternately magnetized axially along the circumference of the stator teeth, and the second type of permanent magnet is alternately magnetized circumferentially along the circumference of the stator teeth, with the magnetization direction complementary to that of the first type of permanent magnet.

[0007] Optionally, the rotor includes a first rotor and a second rotor respectively disposed on both sides of the single stator assembly. The first rotor includes a first rotor tooth and a first rotor disk, and the first rotor tooth is evenly distributed along the circumferential edge of the first rotor disk. The second rotor includes a second rotor tooth and a second rotor disk, and the second rotor tooth is evenly distributed along the circumferential edge of the second rotor disk.

[0008] Optionally, the number of the first rotor teeth and the number of the second rotor teeth are both... , Number of pole pairs of the motor satisfy The pole slot mating relationship, in which The number of stator teeth.

[0009] Optionally, the first rotor and the second rotor are both disc-type salient pole structures, and the first rotor and the second rotor are respectively made by laminating magnetic materials.

[0010] Optionally, the single stator assembly further includes an armature winding wound around the root of the stator teeth.

[0011] Optionally, the first type of permanent magnet and the second type of permanent magnet are made of high coercivity permanent magnet materials.

[0012] Optionally, the stator teeth are connected via a stator yoke.

[0013] Optionally, the stator core has a disc-shaped salient pole structure, and the stator core is made of laminated magnetic materials.

[0014] Optionally, let the axial magnetomotive force generated by the first type of permanent magnet (121) be... Their alternating distribution along the circumference satisfies ,in For extreme logarithms, From a spatial perspective, The fundamental amplitude; the circumferential magnetomotive force generated by the second type of permanent magnet (122) is They are complementary in distribution along the circumference, satisfying ,in The amplitude of the fundamental wave of the circumferential magnetomotive force is given by: The first type of permanent magnet (121) and the second type of permanent magnet (122) form orthogonal vectors with a 90° phase difference in space, and the combined total magnetomotive force is:

[0015]

[0016] in This is the phase compensation angle.

[0017] This invention discloses the following technical effects: It combines the compact axial topology of a single-stator dual-rotor design with a complementary permanent magnet "axial + circumferential" magnetic field collaborative design. Within the same housing, a three-dimensional composite magnetic circuit is formed through a spatial complementary arrangement of "first-type permanent magnets (axially arranged) + second-type permanent magnets (circumferentially arranged)" on the stator teeth. This optimizes the air gap magnetic field distribution, improves the sinusoidal magnetic flux density, reduces harmonic content, and decreases core loss and torque ripple. Furthermore, relying on the orthogonal superposition of the magnetomotive forces of the two types of permanent magnets and the harmonic compensation mechanism, it increases power density while reducing core loss and torque ripple. Moreover, it maintains effective torque output through magnetic field complementarity when the permanent magnets experience local performance degradation. The symmetrical dual-rotor layout and the integrated design of the single stator achieve efficient utilization of the axial magnetic circuit, significantly improving power density and torque density compared to traditional axial flux motors. This structure is suitable for scenarios with stringent requirements for high power density and low operational fluctuations, such as new energy vehicle drives and industrial precision servos. It can stably match a wide range of dynamic loads, improving the output performance and operational reliability of the power system.

[0018] This invention forms an "axial-circumferential" composite magnetic field optimization system through the spatial orthogonal arrangement of complementary permanent magnets and the synergy of magnetomotive force: During normal operation, the axial magnetomotive force of the first type of permanent magnet and the circumferential magnetomotive force of the second type of permanent magnet are vector superimposed to synthesize an air gap magnetomotive force with higher sinusoidality, which significantly reduces magnetic field harmonic distortion; at the same time, the axial magnetic flux forms the main path through the dual rotors and the air gap, and the circumferential magnetic flux forms an auxiliary path along the side of the stator teeth. The two converge at the root of the stator teeth to form a three-dimensional closed magnetic circuit, which improves the utilization rate of the magnetic circuit and reduces the core loss.

[0019] Based on the single stator plus dual rotor topology and complementary magnetic field design, the performance is synergistically improved: on the one hand, the dual rotor symmetrical structure makes the air gap magnetic field distribution more uniform, and the composite magnetic field plays a role in harmonic suppression; on the other hand, the magnetic field superposition effect of the two types of permanent magnets increases the effective component of air gap magnetic flux density under the same volume, significantly improving power density, and adapting to the requirements of lightweight and high stability in new energy vehicle drive, industrial servo, etc. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The embodiments of this application and their descriptions are used to explain this application and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the permanent magnet complementary axial flux reversing motor of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the permanent magnet complementary axial flux reversing motor of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the single stator assembly of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rotor structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a permanent magnet flux path diagram of the first rotor and the second rotor of the present invention.

[0026] Figure label:

[0027] 1. Single stator assembly; 11. Stator core; 111. Stator teeth; 112. Stator yoke; 12. Complementary permanent magnet assembly; 121. Type I permanent magnet; 122. Type II permanent magnet; 13. Armature winding; 2. First rotor; 21. First rotor teeth; 22. First rotor disc; 3. Second rotor; 31. Second rotor teeth; 32. Second rotor disc. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] Reference Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this embodiment provides a permanent magnet complementary axial flux reversing motor, including a single stator assembly 1. Rotors are respectively provided on both sides of the single stator assembly 1. An axial air gap is provided between the rotors and the single stator assembly 1. The single stator assembly 1 includes a stator core 11 and stator teeth 111 circumferentially spaced outside the stator core 11. A complementary permanent magnet assembly 12 is provided on the stator teeth 111. The complementary permanent magnet assembly 12 includes a first type of permanent magnet 121 arranged along the axial end face of the stator teeth 111 and a second type of permanent magnet 122 arranged along the circumferential side of the stator teeth 111.

[0031] This invention combines the compact axial topology of a single-stator dual-rotor design with a complementary permanent magnet "axial + circumferential" magnetic field synergistic design. Within the same housing, a three-dimensional composite magnetic circuit is formed through a spatially complementary arrangement of "first-type permanent magnets 121 (axially arranged) + second-type permanent magnets 122 (circumferentially arranged)" on the stator teeth 111. This optimizes the air gap magnetic field distribution, improves the sinusoidal magnetic flux density, reduces harmonic content, and decreases core losses and torque ripple. Furthermore, relying on the orthogonal superposition of the magnetomotive forces of the two types of permanent magnets and the harmonic compensation mechanism, it increases power density while reducing core losses and torque ripple. Moreover, it maintains effective torque output through magnetic field complementarity when the permanent magnets experience local performance degradation. The symmetrical dual-rotor layout and the integrated design of the single stator achieve efficient utilization of the axial magnetic circuit, significantly improving power density and torque density compared to traditional axial flux motors. This structure is suitable for scenarios with stringent requirements for high power density and low operational fluctuations, such as new energy vehicle drives and industrial precision servo systems. It can stably match a wide range of dynamic loads, improving the output performance and operational reliability of the power system.

[0032] This invention forms an "axial-circumferential" composite magnetic field optimization system through the spatial orthogonal arrangement of complementary permanent magnets and the synergy of magnetomotive force: During normal operation, the axial magnetomotive force of the first type of permanent magnet 121 and the circumferential magnetomotive force of the second type of permanent magnet 122 are vector superimposed to synthesize an air gap magnetomotive force with higher sinusoidality, which significantly reduces magnetic field harmonic distortion; at the same time, the axial magnetic flux forms the main path through the dual rotors and the air gap, and the circumferential magnetic flux forms an auxiliary path along the side of the stator tooth 111. The two converge at the root of the stator tooth 111 to form a three-dimensional closed magnetic circuit, which improves the utilization rate of the magnetic circuit and reduces the core loss.

[0033] Based on the single stator plus dual rotor topology and complementary magnetic field design, the performance is synergistically improved: on the one hand, the dual rotor symmetrical structure makes the air gap magnetic field distribution more uniform, and the composite magnetic field plays a role in harmonic suppression; on the other hand, the magnetic field superposition effect of the two types of permanent magnets increases the effective component of air gap magnetic flux density under the same volume, significantly improving power density, and adapting to the requirements of lightweight and high stability in new energy vehicle drive, industrial servo, etc.

[0034] Further optimization of the scheme: the first type of permanent magnet 121 is axially magnetized alternately along the stator teeth 111, with the N poles alternately facing the rotors on both sides; the second type of permanent magnet 122 is circumferentially magnetized alternately along the stator teeth 111, alternating between clockwise and counterclockwise directions, and is complementary to the magnetization direction of the first type of permanent magnet 121.

[0035] In a further optimized design, the rotor includes a first rotor 2 and a second rotor 3 respectively disposed on both sides of the single stator assembly 1. The first rotor 2 includes a first rotor tooth 21 and a first rotor disk 22. The first rotor tooth 21 is evenly distributed along the circumferential edge of the first rotor disk 22. The second rotor 3 includes a second rotor tooth 31 and a second rotor disk 32. The second rotor tooth 31 is evenly distributed along the circumferential edge of the second rotor disk 32.

[0036] The scheme is further optimized so that the number of first rotor teeth 21 and the number of second rotor teeth 31 are both [missing information]. , Number of pole pairs of the motor satisfy The pole slot mating relationship, in which This refers to the number of stator teeth 111. It ensures the periodicity of the magnetic field and the continuity of the torque.

[0037] In a further optimized design, the first rotor 2 and the second rotor 3 are both disc-type salient pole structures, and the first rotor 2 and the second rotor 3 are respectively made by stacking magnetic materials.

[0038] In a further optimized design, the single stator assembly 1 also includes an armature winding 13, which is wound around the root of the stator tooth 111.

[0039] The design is further optimized so that the first type of permanent magnet 121 and the second type of permanent magnet 122 are made of high coercivity permanent magnet materials. They are fixed to the stator teeth 111 by adhesive bonding or embedding.

[0040] The design was further optimized so that the stator teeth 111 are connected by the stator yoke 112.

[0041] Further optimization of the design resulted in a stator core 11 with a disk-shaped salient pole structure, made of laminated magnetically conductive materials. This provides a low-resistance path for the magnetic flux.

[0042] When the motor is running normally, the first type of permanent magnet 121 (axially arranged) and the second type of permanent magnet 122 (circumferentially arranged) of the complementary permanent magnet assembly 12 synchronously generate a magnetic field, forming a composite magnetic field of "axial + circumferential" in the air gap. After the armature winding 13 is supplied with three-phase current, the armature reaction magnetic field interacts with the composite permanent magnet magnetic field, driving the first rotor 2 and the second rotor 3 to rotate synchronously.

[0043] The axial magnetic flux of the first type of permanent magnet 121 enters the first rotor tooth 21 through the upper air gap and is transmitted to the lower air gap through the first rotor disk 22. The circumferential magnetic flux of the second type of permanent magnet 122 extends along the side of the stator tooth 111 and intersects and superimposes with the axial magnetic flux at the root of the stator tooth 111, forming a three-dimensional closed magnetic circuit that is "axially continuous and circumferentially encircling". This composite magnetic field design breaks through the limitation of the single-direction magnetic field of the traditional axial flux motor, making the air gap magnetic field distribution more uniform and providing a foundation for stable torque output.

[0044] This invention achieves optimized magnetic field control through spatial complementarity and magnetic circuit synergy of two types of permanent magnets. The first type of axial permanent magnet dominates the axial transmission of the main magnetic flux in the air gap, ensuring effective coupling of the magnetic field between the dual rotors and the single stator. The second type of circumferential permanent magnet assists in optimizing the circumferential distribution of the magnetic flux, compensating for the reluctance harmonics of the traditional salient pole structure. Under normal operating conditions, the two types of permanent magnets are synchronously excited and orthogonally coupled with the three-phase current magnetic field of the armature winding 13, generating a stable electromagnetic torque to drive the rotor to rotate.

[0045] To further optimize the scheme, let the axial magnetomotive force generated by the first type of permanent magnet (121) be... Their alternating distribution along the circumference satisfies ,in For extreme logarithms, From a spatial perspective, The fundamental amplitude; the circumferential magnetomotive force generated by the second type of permanent magnet (122) is They are complementary in distribution along the circumference, satisfying ,in Let be the fundamental amplitude of the circumferential magnetomotive force; the first type of permanent magnet (121) and the second type of permanent magnet (122) form orthogonal vectors with a 90° phase difference in space, and the combined total magnetomotive force is:

[0046]

[0047] in As a phase compensation angle, this synthesis mechanism significantly improves the sinusoidality of the air gap magnetomotive force.

[0048] Axial magnetomotive force The dominant magnetic flux passes through the air gap and the dual rotors along the axial direction, and the circumferential magnetomotive force... An auxiliary magnetic flux is formed along the side of the stator tooth 111. Its direction is orthogonally superimposed on the axial magnetic flux at the root of the stator tooth 111. The magnetic flux complementarity cancels out the magnetic reluctance fluctuations caused by the stator tooth 111 slots, thereby increasing the air gap magnetic flux density. The harmonic distortion rate is reduced.

[0049] This structural innovation improves the effective utilization of air gap magnetic flux density by orthogonally superimposing the magnetomotive force of "axial-circumferential" permanent magnets and coordinating with the magnetic flux path. It also optimizes the magnetic field waveform through a harmonic compensation mechanism, solving the problems of large torque pulsation and low magnetic circuit utilization in traditional axial flux motors. It is suitable for various scenarios that require high torque density and stable operation.

[0050] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0051] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A permanent magnet complementary axial flux reversing motor, characterized in that: The system includes a single stator assembly (1), with rotors on both sides of the single stator assembly (1). An axial air gap is provided between the rotors and the single stator assembly (1). The single stator assembly (1) includes a stator core (11) and stator teeth (111) circumferentially spaced outside the stator core (11). A complementary permanent magnet assembly (12) is provided on the stator teeth (111). The complementary permanent magnet assembly (12) includes a first type of permanent magnet (121) and a second type of permanent magnet (122). The first type of permanent magnet (121) and the second type of permanent magnet... (122) are located on two different end faces of the same stator tooth (111), wherein the first type of permanent magnet (121) is located on both sides of the end face of the stator tooth (111), and the second type of permanent magnet (122) is located at the center of the end face of the stator tooth (111). The first type of permanent magnet (121) alternately adopts axial magnetization along the circumference of the stator tooth (111), and the second type of permanent magnet (122) alternately adopts circumferential magnetization along the circumference of the stator tooth (111), and is complementary to the magnetization direction of the first type of permanent magnet (121).

2. The permanent magnet complementary axial flux reversing motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotor includes a first rotor (2) and a second rotor (3) respectively disposed on both sides of the single stator assembly (1). The first rotor (2) includes a first rotor tooth (21) and a first rotor disk (22). The first rotor tooth (21) is evenly distributed along the circumferential edge of the first rotor disk (22). The second rotor (3) includes a second rotor tooth (31) and a second rotor disk (32). The second rotor tooth (31) is evenly distributed along the circumferential edge of the second rotor disk (32).

3. The permanent magnet complementary axial flux reversing motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the first rotor teeth (21) and the number of the second rotor teeth (31) are both , Number of pole pairs of the motor satisfy The pole slot mating relationship, in which The number of stator teeth (111).

4. The permanent magnet complementary axial flux reversing motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first rotor (2) and the second rotor (3) are respectively disc-shaped salient pole structures, and the first rotor (2) and the second rotor (3) are respectively made by stacking magnetic materials.

5. The permanent magnet complementary axial flux reversing motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The single stator assembly (1) also includes an armature winding (13) which is wound around the root of the stator tooth (111).

6. The permanent magnet complementary axial flux reversing motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first type of permanent magnet (121) and the second type of permanent magnet (122) are respectively made of high coercivity permanent magnet materials.

7. The permanent magnet complementary axial flux reversing motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stator teeth (111) are connected by the stator yoke (112).

8. The permanent magnet complementary axial flux reversing motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stator core (11) is a disc-shaped salient pole structure, and the stator core (11) is made of magnetically conductive material laminated together.

9. The permanent magnet complementary axial flux reversing motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: Let the axial magnetomotive force generated by the first type of permanent magnet (121) be... Their alternating distribution along the circumference satisfies ,in For extreme logarithms, From a spatial perspective, The fundamental amplitude; the circumferential magnetomotive force generated by the second type of permanent magnet (122) is They are complementary in distribution along the circumference, satisfying ,in Let be the fundamental amplitude of the circumferential magnetomotive force; the first type of permanent magnet (121) and the second type of permanent magnet (122) form orthogonal vectors with a 90° phase difference in space, and the combined total magnetomotive force is: in This is the phase compensation angle.

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