Cylinder bottom forging process and die

Abstract

The invention relates to a cylinder bottom forging process and a die, and the cylinder bottom forging process is completed by four processes except a medium-frequency induction heating process of a round steel bar, namely a first upsetting process, a second pre-forging forming process, a third finish-forging forming process and a fourth trimming process. The cylinder bottom forging process and the die solve the problems that in a free forging production process, production efficiency is low, labor intensity of operators is large, thickness and size are inconsistent, an electric screw press is high in price and large in equipment investment, and due to the fact that the electric screw press is provided with double stations of pre-forging forming and finish-forging forming, unbalance loading is serious, a machine tool is seriously damaged, and machining cost is low. And therefore, the electric screw press is frequently broken down.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a forging process and die, in particular to a cylinder bottom forging process and die. BACKGROUND

[0002] The cylinder bottom is one of the main parts of the oil cylinder, which is welded with the cylinder barrel and bears high pressure during work, so it needs high comprehensive mechanical properties.

[0003] There are two kinds of forging process schemes for producing cylinder bottom blanks at present, the first one is upsetting, pre-forging forming, finish-forging forming and trimming on a free forging hydraulic press, and the second one is upsetting on a mechanical press, pre-forging forming and finish-forging forming on an electric screw press, and trimming on a mechanical press. Figure 1 The first forging process has low production efficiency, high labor intensity of operators and inconsistent thickness size, and the second forging process has high price of the electric screw press, large equipment investment, serious eccentric load and serious damage to the machine tool due to the setting of pre-forging forming and finish-forging forming double stations on the electric screw press, resulting in frequent failures of the electric screw press and low production efficiency. The workpiece is circular, wide on the left and right in the middle part, thick at the bottom, narrow and thin on the left and right at the upper and lower ends, and the material is more in the middle part and less at the upper and lower ends during forging forming, resulting in that the material cannot fill the left and right edges. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to provide a cylinder bottom forging process and die to solve the problems in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a cylinder bottom forging process and die, which is completed by four processes except that the round steel bar is heated by a medium-frequency induction heating process, the first process is upsetting, the second process is pre-forging forming, the third process is finish-forging forming, and the fourth process is trimming.

[0006] Preferably, the round steel bar is heated to a forging temperature, vertically placed in an upsetting die for upsetting, after upsetting, vertically placed in a pre-forging forming die for pre-forging, after pre-forging forming, turned over by 180 degrees, placed in a finish-forging die for finish-forging, after finish-forging forming, placed in a trimming die for trimming.

[0007] Preferably, the first process adopts a 1000T mechanical press, the second process adopts a 4000T friction press, the third process adopts a 4000T friction press, and the fourth process adopts a 630T mechanical press.

[0008] Preferably, the first upsetting process uses an upper and lower die with a conical cavity, and the material after upsetting becomes a waist drum shape with thin upper and lower ends and thick middle part.

[0009] Preferably, the second pre-forging forming process, the spherical surface is located in the upper die, the concave part is located in the lower die, an open die is used, the die has a bridge part one, a warehouse part one and a lock one, unequal-width bridge parts are arranged on the pre-forging upper die and the pre-forging lower die, and a damping groove is arranged on the bridge part of the pre-forging lower die.

[0010] Preferably, the third final-forging forming process, the spherical surface is located in the lower die, the concave part is located in the upper die, an open die is used, and the die has a bridge part two, a warehouse part two and a lock two.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the cylinder bottom forging process and the die have the advantages that the problems of low production efficiency, high labor intensity of operators, inconsistent thickness, high price of the electric screw press, large equipment investment, serious eccentric load, serious damage to the machine tool, and frequent failures of the electric screw press due to the pre-forging forming and final-forging forming double stations arranged on the electric screw press are solved.

[0012] 1. Four machine tools complete four processes, and the workloads of each process are basically consistent.

[0013] 2. Two friction presses each complete one process, and there is no eccentric load, so that the service life of the machine tool is long.

[0014] 3. The forging production line of the cylinder bottom blank is configured with four machine tools, which facilitates the expansion of production of other products.

[0015] 4. The problem that the material cannot fill the left and right edges and is insufficient is solved. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] Figure 1 It is a front view of the cylinder bottom of the comparative example of the present application.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a sectional view of the cylinder bottom of the comparative example of the present application.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a front view of the upsetting die of the present application.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a sectional view of the pre-forging forming die of the present application.

[0020] Figure 5 It is a plan view of the pre-forging forming lower die of the present application.

[0021] Figure 6 It is a sectional view of the final-forging forming die of the present application.

[0022] Figure 7 It is a plan view of the final-forging forming lower die of the present application.

[0023] In the figure: 1, disc part; 2, spherical surface; 3, ear part; 4, concave part; 5, upsetting upper die fixing plate; 6, upsetting upper die; 7, round steel bar; 8, upsetting lower die; 9, upsetting lower die fixing plate; 10, preforming upper die; 11, preforming lower die; 12, preforming lower die center plane; 13, bridge part one; 14, pocket part; 15, lock one; 16, finish forming upper die; 17, finish forming lower die; 19, bridge part two; 20, pocket part two; 21, lock two. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0025] Comparative example

[0026] Referring to Figures 1-2 , there is a cylinder bottom, mainly composed of disc part 1, spherical surface 2, ear part 3, concave part 4, four parts, and the specific structural features are shown in Figure 1 cylinder bottom front view and cylinder bottom sectional view. Figure 1 The workpiece is circular, the middle part is wide on both sides, the bottom is thick, the upper and lower ends are narrow on both sides and thin, and when forged and formed, more material is used in the middle part and less material is used in the upper and lower ends, which causes the material at the left and right edges to be unable to fill up and lack of material. The solution adopted by the present application is:

[0027] The first process adopts upsetting upper die with conical cavity and upsetting lower die, which gathers more material in the middle part.

[0028] In the second preforming process, the preforming upper die and the preforming lower die are provided with unequal-width bridge parts, the width of the preforming upper die bridge part is set to 28mm, the width of the preforming lower die bridge part is set to 22mm, and an R4mm damping groove 22 is arranged on the preforming lower die bridge part, which increases the resistance of material flowing into the pocket part 14 and reduces the material flowing into the pocket part 14, and the width of the pocket part is 30mm.

[0029] In the third finish forming process, the finish forming upper die and the finish forming lower die are provided with equal-width bridge part 19, and the width is 25mm, and the width of the pocket part is 50mm.

[0030] Example one

[0031] Referring to Figures 3-7 , the present embodiment is made on the basis of the comparative example, and part of the content is referred to the comparative example, a cylinder bottom forging process and die.

[0032] S1: The first upsetting process: the upsetting upper die and the upsetting lower die set a conical cavity.

[0033] Operation process: Fix the upsetting upper die 6 on the upsetting upper die fixing plate 5, fix the upsetting upper die fixing plate 5 on the slide block bottom surface of the machine tool, fix the upsetting lower die 8 on the upsetting lower die fixing plate 9, and fix the upsetting lower die fixing plate 9 on the workbench of the machine tool. Put the round steel bar 7 heated to the required temperature for forging vertically into the center of the upsetting lower die. Operate the machine tool, and the machine tool slide block with the upsetting upper die goes down to the preset position, and the upsetting is completed. The machine tool slide block automatically returns with the upsetting upper die, the upsetting process is completed, and the material after upsetting becomes a waist drum shape with thin upper and lower ends and a thick middle part.

[0034] S2: The second pre-forging forming process: the pre-forging upper die and the pre-forging lower die set unequal-width bridges, the width of the pre-forging upper die bridge is set to 28mm, the width of the pre-forging lower die bridge is set to 22mm, an R4mm damping groove is set on the pre-forging lower die bridge to increase the resistance of material flowing into the bin part 14 and reduce the material flowing into the bin part 14, and the bin part width is 30mm.

[0035] Operation process: Put the material completed by the upsetting process vertically into the center plane 12 of the pre-forging forming lower die. Operate the machine tool, and the machine tool slide block with the pre-forging forming upper die 10 goes down. After the pre-forging forming upper die 10 and the pre-forging forming lower die 11 are closed, the machine tool slide block automatically returns with the pre-forging forming upper die 10, the pre-forged part is taken out, and the pre-forging forming process is completed. In the pre-forging forming process, the spherical surface 1 is located in the pre-forging forming upper die 10, the concave part 4 is located in the pre-forging forming lower die 11, the pre-forging forming upper die 10 and the pre-forging forming lower die 11 are designed with a bridge part 13 and a bin part 14, and four corners are designed with a lock 15.

[0036] S3: The third final forging forming process: the final forging upper die and the final forging lower die set an equal-width bridge part 19 with a width of 25mm and a bin part width of 50mm.

[0037] Operation process: Turn the pre-forged part completed by the pre-forging forming process by 90 degrees and put it into the cavity of the final forging forming lower die 17. Operate the machine tool, and the machine tool slide block with the final forging forming upper die 16 goes down. After the final forging forming upper die 16 and the final forging forming lower die 17 are closed, the machine tool slide block automatically returns with the final forging forming upper die 16, the final forged part is taken out, and the final forging forming process is completed. In the final forging forming process, the spherical surface 1 is located in the final forging forming lower die 17, the concave part 4 is located in the final forging forming upper die 16, the final forging forming upper die 16 and the pre-forging forming lower die 17 are designed with a bridge part 19 and a bin part 20, and four corners are designed with a lock 21.

[0038] S4: fourth trimming process: the final forging piece formed by final forging is put into the trimming lower die, the machine tool is operated, the machine tool slide carries the trimming upper die to go down, runs to the set position, and then the flash is cut off, the workpiece falls into the trimming lower die seat, the machine tool slide carries the trimming upper die to return automatically, the flash is put into the waste frame, the workpiece is taken out, and the trimming process is completed.

[0039] At this point, the forging process of the cylinder bottom blank is completed.

Claims

1. A cylinder bottom forging process, characterized in that: Except for the medium-frequency induction heating process, the round steel bar stock is completed by four processes, including: S1: the first upsetting process; S2: The second pre-forging process; S3: The third final forging process; S4: The fourth trimming process.

2. The cylinder bottom forging process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The round steel bar is heated to the forging temperature and then placed vertically into the upsetting die for upsetting. After upsetting, it is placed vertically into the pre-forging die for pre-forging. After pre-forging, it is rotated 180 degrees and placed into the final forging die. After final forging, it is placed into the trimming die to trim off the flash.

3. The cylinder bottom forging process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first billet forming process uses a 1000T mechanical press, the second pre-forging forming process uses a 4000T friction press, the third final forging forming process uses a 4000T friction press, and the fourth trimming process uses a 630T mechanical press.

4. A cylinder bottom forging die applied to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: S1: The first upsetting process uses upper and lower molds with conical cavities. The upset material becomes a drum shape with thinner ends and thicker middle.

5. A cylinder bottom forging die applied to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: S2: The second pre-forging forming process, the spherical surface is located in the upper mold and the concave part is located in the lower mold. An open mold is adopted. The mold has a bridge part, a cavity part and a lock. Bridge parts of different widths are set in the upper pre-forging mold and the lower pre-forging mold. A damping groove is set on the bridge part of the lower pre-forging mold.

6. A cylinder bottom forging die applied to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: S3: The third final forging process, the spherical surface is located in the lower mold, the concave part is located in the upper mold, and an open mold is used. The mold has two bridge parts, two storage parts, and two locking parts.

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