Machine clamping type variable cutting depth step reamer
By designing a mechanically clampable variable depth step reamer, the problem of fixed step position of existing step reamer tools is solved, realizing flexible adjustment of the reaming step depth and multiple uses of one tool, thus improving processing efficiency and surface quality.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511741002.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-25
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-13
AI Technical Summary
The cutting edge of the existing stepped reamer has a fixed relative position at the step and cannot be flexibly changed. This makes it impossible to adjust the depth of the second hole section when machining blind holes, limiting its use and preventing it from achieving multiple uses with a single tool.
A mechanically clamped variable depth step reamer was designed. Through the cooperation of the spacing adjustment component and the positioning bolt, the relative position of the cutter head and the cutter shank can be adjusted, allowing the cutter assembly to be disassembled and rotated, and flexibly changing the relative depth position of the reaming step.
It enables flexible adjustment of the hole enlargement step depth, improves the surface quality and cutting efficiency, reduces tool costs, and enhances the flexibility and efficiency of use.
Smart Images
Figure CN121514587A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of stepped reamer technology, specifically a mechanically clamped, variable depth stepped reamer. Background Technology
[0002] Stepped reamers are generally used for machining blind holes in nylon embedded sleeves (nylon sleeves) in railway sleepers, or for machining stepped holes in industries such as machinery, chemicals, and automobiles. Currently, these stepped reamers typically use integral high-speed steel, welded carbide, and a mechanically clamped structure. However, existing reamers have the following disadvantages: Whether it's a welded, integral high-speed steel, or existing mechanically clamped structure, the effective tool length is fixed, and the relative position of the cutting edge at the tool step is also fixed. When machining blind holes, if the enlargement depth of the first hole section is fixed, the relative depth position of the second hole section cannot be flexibly changed, resulting in a single function and preventing the tool from being used for multiple purposes. Summary of the Invention
[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a mechanically clamped variable depth step reamer.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This application provides a mechanically clamped variable depth step reamer, including a cutter head and a shank. The cutter head and the shank are connected by a spacing adjustment component. Both the head of the cutter head and the head of the shank are provided with blade assemblies. The cutting outer diameter of the blade assembly located at the head of the shank is larger than the cutting outer diameter of the blade assembly located at the head of the cutter head.
[0005] Preferably, the spacing adjustment component includes a threaded connector fixedly connected to the tail of the cutter head, and the inside of the cutter shank has two internal threads, namely, internal thread one and internal thread two, with opposite directions of rotation. Internal thread one is connected to the threaded connector through a threaded engagement, and internal thread two is connected to a positioning bolt.
[0006] Preferably, the blade assembly includes a plurality of blade slots and a plurality of indexable blades, wherein the indexable blades are detachably connected to the blade slots and are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the blade slots.
[0007] Preferably, the blade groove includes a groove bottom surface and multiple positioning surfaces, the size of the groove bottom surface matches the size of the indexing blade, and the included angle of the positioning surfaces is consistent with the corresponding angle of the indexing blade.
[0008] Preferably, the indexing blade is provided with a positioning hole, and the indexing blade is fixed to the blade groove by a positioning element.
[0009] Preferably, the outer radius of the tool holder base is 1-3 mm smaller than the maximum outer radius of the indexing blade of the tool head.
[0010] Preferably, the number of blade slots is set to 2 to 4.
[0011] Preferably, both the head of the cutter head and the head of the cutter shank are provided with spiral chip removal grooves that are arranged synchronously with the indexing blade. The spiral angle of the spiral chip removal grooves is 14~16° and the number of spiral chip removal grooves is 2~4.
[0012] Preferably, the indexing blade of the cutter head is provided with an angle between it and the central axis of the cutter head, and the angle is 3 to 8°.
[0013] Preferably, the indexing blade of the tool holder has an angle between it and the central axis of the tool holder, and the angle is 0 to 5°.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a mechanically clamped variable depth stepped reamer, which has the following advantages: 1. This invention can change the relative depth of the enlarged hole step after machining by changing the positional relationship between the cutter head and the positioning bolt. The cutter head is self-locked by changing the limiting position of the positioning bolt. This allows the relative depth of the enlarged hole step to be adjustable while ensuring the stable connection of the cutter head, smooth cutting, and ensuring the surface quality and cutting efficiency.
[0015] 2. This invention allows for single-hole enlargement by removing the indexable insert from the tool holder or by removing the tool head and using the tool holder, achieving multi-purpose functionality, reducing tool costs, facilitating use, and increasing machining efficiency. The indexable cutting insert has a long overall lifespan.
[0016] The features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of a mechanically clamped variable depth stepped reamer of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a mechanically clamped variable depth stepped reamer of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting tool assembly structure of the cutting head and shank of a mechanically clamped variable depth stepped reamer according to the present invention. Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a side view of the cutter head structure of a mechanically clamped variable depth stepped reamer of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a side view of the tool holder structure of a mechanically clamped variable depth stepped reamer according to the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Cutter head; 2. Cutter holder; 3. Spacing adjustment assembly; 4. Blade assembly; 5. Positioning bolt; 6. Spiral chip removal groove; 21. Internal thread one; 22. Internal thread two; 31. Countersunk thread connector; 41. Blade groove; 42. Indexing blade; 421. Positioning hole; 422. Positioning element. Detailed Implementation
[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. However, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the invention.
[0019] See Figures 1-6 This application provides a mechanically clamped variable depth step reamer, including a cutter head 1 and a shank 2. The cutter head 1 and the shank 2 are connected by a spacing adjustment component 3. Both the head of the cutter head 1 and the head of the shank 2 are provided with a blade assembly 4. The cutting outer circle of the blade assembly 4 located at the head of the shank 2 is larger than the cutting outer circle of the blade assembly 4 located at the head of the cutter head 1. When a second-stage step reaming is not required, the blades of the shank 2 can be removed to avoid interference, ensuring that the cutting edge of the cutter 2 body passes smoothly through the first hole section after reaming.
[0020] See Figures 1-2 Specifically, the spacing adjustment component 3 includes a threaded connector 31 fixedly connected to the tail of the cutter head 1. The tool holder 2 has two internal threads, one 21 and the other 22, with opposite directions of rotation. The first internal thread 21 is connected to the threaded connector 31 by a threaded engagement, and a positioning bolt 5 is connected inside the second internal thread 22. When there is an adjustment requirement for the distance between the first hole section and the second hole section, the threaded connector 31 at the tail of the cutter head 1 is screwed into the first internal thread 21 until the relative distance between the cutting edge of the cutter head 1 and the cutting edge of the tool holder 2 is consistent with the processing requirements. Then, the positioning bolt 5 is screwed into the second internal thread 22 until the end face of the positioning bolt 5 is tightly fitted with the end face of the threaded connector 31. The opposite rotation directions of the first internal thread 21 and the second internal thread 22 ensure that when the tool rotates and cuts, the threaded connector 31 is affected by the reverse force, which generates a force that drives the positioning bolt 5 to rotate inward, thereby achieving self-locking and limiting the position, and finally completing the hole enlargement process.
[0021] See Figures 3-4 Specifically, the blade assembly 4 includes a plurality of blade slots 41 and a plurality of indexable blades 42. The indexable blades 42 are detachably connected to the blade slots 41, and the indexable blades 42 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the blade slots 41.
[0022] See Figures 3-4Specifically, the blade groove 41 includes a groove bottom surface 411 and multiple positioning surfaces 412. The size of the groove bottom surface 411 matches the size of the indexing blade 42, and the included angle of the positioning surfaces 412 is consistent with the corresponding angle of the indexing blade 42. Through the cooperation of the groove bottom surface 411 and multiple positioning surfaces 412, the indexing blade 42 is ensured to be stably positioned.
[0023] See Figures 3-4 Specifically, the indexing blade 42 is provided with a positioning hole 421, and the indexing blade 42 is fixed to the blade groove 41 by a positioning member 422. The positioning member 422 is detachable, which facilitates the disassembly and replacement of the indexing blade 42.
[0024] Specifically, the outer radius of the tool holder 2 base is 1-3 mm smaller than the maximum outer radius of the indexable insert 42 of the tool head 1. If the outer radius difference is too small, the tool base base will easily rub against the hole during the drilling process; if it is too large, the bottom surface of the insert will be exposed outside the insert groove, resulting in inadequate support.
[0025] Specifically, the number of blade grooves 41 is set to 2 to 4. The commonly used range for the outer diameter of the cutting tool is within Φ50, and 2 to 4 teeth not only meet the usage requirements but also control costs.
[0026] Specifically, both the head of the cutter head 1 and the head of the cutter shank 2 are provided with spiral chip removal grooves 6 arranged synchronously with the indexing blade 42. The spiral chip removal grooves 6 are used to remove chips during cutting. The spiral angle of the spiral chip removal grooves 6 is 14~16°, and the number of spiral chip removal grooves 6 is 2~4.
[0027] Specifically, the indexable insert 42 of the cutter head 1 has an included angle with the central axis of the cutter head 1, the angle being 3 to 8°. If the angle is too large, the cutter tip is prone to chipping and wear; if the angle is too small, the cutting resistance is too high, which is not conducive to drilling operations.
[0028] Specifically, the indexable insert 42 of the tool holder 2 has an included angle with the central axis of the tool holder 2, the size of which is 0 to 5°. As the secondary step hole-reaming cutting edge, the actual cutting width of the indexable insert 42 is limited, so the included angle may be negligible.
[0029] Working principle of the invention: In actual machining, according to the distance requirement between the first and second hole sections after reaming, the threaded connector 31 at the tail of the cutter head 1 is screwed into the internal thread 21 until the relative distance between the cutting edge of the cutter head 1 and the cutting edge of the tool holder 2 is consistent with the machining requirements. Then, the positioning bolt 5 is screwed into the internal thread 22 until the end face of the positioning bolt 5 is tightly fitted with the end face of the threaded connector 31. The internal threads 21 and 22 are set in opposite directions to ensure that when the tool rotates and cuts, the threaded connector 31 is affected by the reverse force, which generates a force that drives the positioning bolt 5 to rotate inward, thereby achieving self-locking and limiting the position, and finally completing the reaming machining.
[0030] When the required distance between the two hole sections in the reaming process is different, the relative distance between the cutting edge of the tool head and the cutting edge of the tool holder is changed by changing the depth of the threaded connector 31. Then, the depth of the positioning bolt 5 screwed into the internal thread 22 is adjusted accordingly to complete the self-locking limit of the tool head 1, so as to flexibly change the relative depth position of the two stepped hole sections after reaming.
[0031] When enlarging a single hole, the indexing insert at the cutter head or shank position can be removed to achieve the purpose of using one tool for multiple purposes.
[0032] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A mechanically clamped variable depth stepped reamer, characterized in that: It includes a cutting head (1) and a shank (2). The cutting head (1) and the shank (2) are connected by a spacing adjustment component (3). Both the head of the cutting head (1) and the head of the shank (2) are provided with blade assemblies (4). The cutting outer circle of the blade assembly (4) provided on the head of the shank (2) is larger than the cutting outer circle of the blade assembly (4) provided on the head of the cutting head (1).
2. The clamp-on type variable depth stepped reamer as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The spacing adjustment component (3) includes a threaded connector (31) fixedly connected to the tail of the cutter head (1). The cutter handle (2) has two internal threads with opposite directions, namely, internal thread one (21) and internal thread two (22). The internal thread one (21) is connected to the threaded connector (31) by thread engagement. The internal thread two (22) is connected to a positioning bolt (5).
3. The clamp-on type variable depth stepped reamer as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The blade assembly (4) includes several blade slots (41) and several indexable blades (42). The indexable blades (42) are detachably connected to the blade slots (41), and the indexable blades (42) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the blade slots (41).
4. The clamp-on type variable depth stepped reamer as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The blade groove (41) includes a groove bottom surface (411) and multiple positioning surfaces (412). The size of the groove bottom surface (411) matches the size of the indexing blade (42), and the included angle of the positioning surface (412) is consistent with the corresponding angle of the indexing blade (42).
5. The clamp-on type variable depth stepped reamer as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The indexing blade (42) is provided with a positioning hole (421), and the indexing blade (42) is fixed to the blade groove (41) by the positioning element (422).
6. The clamp-on type variable depth stepped reamer as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The outer radius of the base of the tool holder (2) is smaller than the maximum outer radius of the indexing blade (42) of the tool head (1) by 1~3mm.
7. The clamp-on type variable depth step reamer as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The number of blade slots (41) is set to 2 to 4.
8. The clamp-on type variable depth stepped reamer as described in claim 3, characterized in that: Both the head of the cutter head (1) and the head of the cutter shank (2) are provided with spiral chip removal grooves (6) that are arranged synchronously with the indexing blade (42). The spiral angle of the spiral chip removal grooves (6) is 14~16°, and the number of spiral chip removal grooves (6) is 2~4.
9. A mechanically clamped variable depth stepped reamer as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The indexing blade (42) of the cutter head (1) has an angle between it and the central axis of the cutter head (1), and the angle is 3 to 8°.
10. A clampable variable depth stepped reamer as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The indexing blade (42) of the tool holder (2) has an angle between it and the central axis of the tool holder (2), and the angle is 0 to 5°.