Temperature-resistant and heat-insulating composite rubber and plastic material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a temperature-resistant and heat-insulating composite rubber-plastic material and a manufacturing method thereof. The temperature-resistant and heat-insulating composite rubber-plastic material comprises a melamine foaming plate, a rubber-plastic heat-insulating layer and a bonding layer bonded between the melamine foaming plate and the rubber-plastic heat-insulating layer, one of two opposite wall surfaces of the melamine foaming plate is a first wall surface, spongy open pores are formed in the first wall surface, and the bonding layer is positioned on the first wall surface. According to the temperature-resistant and heat-insulating composite rubber-plastic material provided by the invention, on one hand, the temperature-resistant and heat-insulating composite rubber-plastic material is formed by compounding the melamine foaming plate and the rubber-plastic heat-insulating layer, and the heat of a pipeline at 100-120 DEG C is efficiently reduced to be within 100 DEG C by utilizing the core heat-insulating effect of the melamine foaming plate, so that a stable working temperature environment is provided for the outer rubber-plastic heat-insulating layer; and meanwhile, the advantages of flexibility and low cost of the rubber and plastic heat preservation layer are utilized, the triple targets of high-temperature blocking, long-acting heat preservation and low-cost application are achieved, the energy loss rate of the pipeline is reduced, and performance and economical efficiency are both considered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of rubber and plastic insulation materials technology, and in particular to a heat-resistant and heat-insulating composite rubber and plastic material and its manufacturing method. Background Technology

[0002] Existing high-temperature pipeline insulation solutions suffer from a core problem: balancing high efficiency with economy. On the one hand, melamine foam boards possess excellent high-temperature resistance (long-term operating temperature ≤200℃) and insulation performance (thermal conductivity as low as 0.020-0.025W / ( While it can quickly block high temperatures, its cost when used alone is high, 2-3 times that of conventional rubber and plastics. Furthermore, it has low mechanical strength, poor bending resistance, and is easily damaged during pipe installation or vibration. On the other hand, conventional rubber and plastic materials are low in cost and flexible, with an elongation at break ≥400%, but their long-term stable operating temperature is only 80-100℃. When the pipe temperature exceeds 100℃, they are prone to softening and thermal shrinkage, with a shrinkage rate >5%, leading to a sharp decline in insulation performance and an increase in thermal conductivity to 0.045W / ( The energy loss rate is as high as 10%-15%. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a heat-resistant and heat-insulating composite rubber and plastic material and a manufacturing method to solve the problems of high cost of melamine sheets and insufficient temperature resistance of conventional rubber and plastic in related technologies.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a heat-resistant and heat-insulating composite rubber-plastic material, comprising: Melamine foam board, rubber and plastic insulation layer, and adhesive layer bonded between the melamine foam board and the rubber and plastic insulation layer; In the melamine foam board, one of the two opposing walls is the first wall, and the first wall has sponge-like openings, and the adhesive layer is located on the first wall.

[0005] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the opening is formed by atomized spraying of dimethylformamide; Alternatively, the opening may be formed by atomizing and spraying a dimethylformamide solution with a concentration of 0.2-1 μg / mL.

[0006] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the porosity of the openings on the first wall surface is 95%-97%; And / or, the thickness of the melamine foam board is 2-4 mm, and the thickness of the rubber and plastic insulation layer is 20-50 mm; And / or, the density of the melamine foam board is 30-50 kg / m³.3 thermal conductivity of 0.022-0.025 W / (m·K) at 25℃, compression strength ≥0.3 MPa at 25% deformation, and water absorption ≤2% in 24h.

[0007] In combination with the first aspect, in an embodiment, the adhesive layer is formed by curing an adhesive, the adhesive comprising, by weight, 60-70 parts of the water-based polyurethane resin, 7-11 parts of the silane coupling agent, 0.5-1 part of the silicone-based defoaming agent, and 10-15 parts of deionized water.

[0008] In combination with the first aspect, in an embodiment, the water-based polyurethane resin has a solid content of 50%-60% and a temperature resistance ≥120℃. and / or, the water-based polyurethane resin comprises one or more of an aliphatic water-based polyurethane resin, an aromatic water-based polyurethane resin, a polyether type water-based polyurethane resin, and a polyester type water-based polyurethane resin. and / or, the silane coupling agent comprises one or more of KH560, KH550, and KH570. and / or, the silicone-based defoaming agent comprises one or more of a polyether-modified silicone oil defoaming agent, a silicone-polyether composite defoaming agent, a fluorine-containing silicone defoaming agent, and a high-carbon alcohol defoaming agent. and / or, the preparation steps of the adhesive comprise: mixing the water-based polyurethane resin with deionized water, stirring at 500-800 r / min for 10-15 min; sequentially adding the silane coupling agent and the silicone-based defoaming agent, and continuing to stir for 20-30 min to disperse uniformly, to obtain the adhesive.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in an embodiment, the rubber-plastic insulation layer comprises, by weight, 10-20 parts of nitrile rubber, 2-5 parts of cis-butadiene rubber, 15-25 parts of polyethylene, 5-10 parts of vinyl acetate copolymer, 10-20 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 10-15 parts of antimony-containing flame retardant, 5-10 parts of plasticizer, and 1-3 parts of vulcanizing agent.

[0010] In combination with the first aspect, in an embodiment, the plasticizer is one or more of epoxy soybean oil, dioctyl phthalate, and dibutyl phthalate. and / or, the antimony-containing flame retardant comprises one or more of diantimony trioxide and diantimony pentoxide. and / or, the vulcanizing agent comprises sulfur and zinc oxide.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, in an embodiment, the preparation steps of the rubber-plastic insulation layer comprise: ​Mixing: the butyl rubber, cis-butadiene rubber, polyethylene, vinyl acetate copolymer is put into the internal mixer, and is mixed at 100-120 DEG C for 5-8 min to melt; the aluminum hydroxide, antimony-containing flame retardant, plasticizer are added in turn, and the temperature is raised to 130-140 DEG C, and mixing is continued for 8-12 min to obtain a mixed rubber; Vulcanization: the vulcanizing agent is added to the mixed rubber, and is mixed on the open mill for 3-5 min, and then is sent to a vulcanizing machine, and is vulcanized at 160-180 DEG C and 10-15 MPa for 10-15 min, and then is cooled to obtain an elastoplastic thermal insulation material, and is cut to obtain an elastoplastic thermal insulation layer.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect, in an embodiment, the elastoplastic thermal insulation layer further comprises an auxiliary agent, and the auxiliary agent comprises one or more of an antioxidant 0.5-1.5 parts, carbon black 1-2 parts, and stearic acid 0.5-1.5 parts. Before the temperature is raised to 130-140 DEG C, the preparation step of the elastoplastic thermal insulation layer further comprises adding an auxiliary agent.

[0013] In the second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a method for manufacturing the temperature-resistant and heat-insulating composite elastoplastic material as described in any one of the above, which comprises: The adhesive is uniformly coated on the outer side of the melamine foaming plate, the coating thickness is 30-50 microns, and the adhesive is preliminarily leveled at room temperature for 5-10 min; The elastoplastic thermal insulation layer is attached to the outer side of the melamine foaming plate coated with the adhesive, and is sent to a laminating machine, and is pressed at 100-110 DEG C and 5-8 MPa for 30-40 min to make the adhesive solidify into a bonding layer; Then, the temperature is cooled to room temperature to obtain the temperature-resistant and heat-insulating composite elastoplastic material.

[0014] The technical scheme provided by the present application has the beneficial effects including: The temperature-resistant heat-insulating composite rubber-plastic material provided by the application is composed of melamine foaming plate and rubber-plastic heat-insulating layer. The core heat-insulating effect of the melamine foaming plate can efficiently reduce the heat of a pipeline of 100-120 DEG C to 100 DEG C or below, so as to provide a stable working temperature environment for the outer rubber-plastic heat-insulating layer. Meanwhile, the flexibility and low cost of the rubber-plastic heat-insulating layer can realize the triple goals of "high-temperature blocking, long-term heat preservation and low-cost application", reduce the energy loss rate of the pipeline, and balance the performance and economy. On the other hand, the wall surface of the melamine foaming plate is formed with sponge-like openings. When the adhesive solidifies into a bonding layer, the adhesive and the melamine foaming plate are connected by the coulomb force and van der waals force, which helps to realize the close bonding effect between the melamine foaming plate and the rubber-plastic heat-insulating layer. In addition, the adhesive can penetrate into the openings of the melamine foaming plate to form a plug, so that the bonding layer is firmly anchored on the surface of the melamine foaming plate and is difficult to fall off, further improving the close bonding effect between the melamine foaming plate and the rubber-plastic heat-insulating layer. Finally, the melamine foaming plate and the rubber-plastic heat-insulating layer of the temperature-resistant heat-insulating composite rubber-plastic material are difficult to separate, realizing the triple goals of "high-temperature blocking, long-term heat preservation and low-cost application". BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort on the basis of these drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of the temperature-resistant heat-insulating composite rubber-plastic material provided by the embodiments of the application is shown in the figure.

[0017] In the figure: 1, melamine foaming plate; 10, opening layer; 2, bonding layer; 3, rubber-plastic heat-insulating layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be described clearly and completely in the following with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort belong to the scope of protection of the application.

[0019] Reference Figure 1As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a kind of temperature-resistant heat-insulating composite rubber plastic material, it includes melamine foaming sheet 1, rubber plastic insulation layer 3 and the adhesive layer 2 bonded between the melamine foaming sheet 1 and the rubber plastic insulation layer 3;Wherein, the opposite two wall surfaces of the melamine foaming sheet 1, one of which is the first wall surface, the other wall surface is the second wall surface, the first wall surface is outside, the second wall surface is inside to wrap pipeline, and the first wall surface is formed with sponge-like opening, and the adhesive layer 2 is located on the first wall surface.

[0020] The temperature-resistant heat-insulating composite rubber plastic material provided by the present application is composed of melamine foaming sheet and rubber plastic insulation layer. Under the condition of the same thickness, a part of the original melamine material is replaced by rubber plastic insulation material. The core heat-insulating effect of the melamine foaming sheet efficiently reduces the heat of the 100-120℃ pipeline to within 100℃, providing a stable working temperature environment for the outer rubber plastic insulation layer. At the same time, the flexibility and low cost advantage of the rubber plastic insulation layer realizes the triple goal of "high-temperature barrier, long-term insulation and low-cost application", reduces the pipeline energy loss rate, and balances performance and economy. On the other hand, the first wall surface of the melamine foaming sheet is formed with sponge-like openings. When the adhesive solidifies into the adhesive layer, the adhesive and the melamine foaming sheet are connected by coulomb force and van der waals force, which helps to achieve the tight adhesion effect between the melamine foaming sheet and the rubber plastic insulation layer. In addition, the adhesive can penetrate into the openings of the melamine foaming sheet to form a plug, so that the adhesive layer is firmly anchored on the surface of the melamine foaming sheet and is difficult to fall off, further improving the tight adhesion effect between the melamine foaming sheet and the rubber plastic insulation layer. Finally, the melamine foaming sheet and the rubber plastic insulation layer of the temperature-resistant heat-insulating composite rubber plastic material are difficult to separate, realizing the triple goal of "high-temperature barrier, long-term insulation and low-cost application".

[0021] Further, the sponge-like openings formed on the first wall surface can be realized by dimethylformamide.

[0022] Dimethylformamide has a slight solubility effect on melamine and does not damage the overall structure and performance of the sheet.

[0023] The two side walls of the melamine foaming sheet are a dense crust. For the first wall surface on the outside, dimethylformamide is sprayed by atomization to slightly dissolve the dense crust of the first wall surface, thereby forming a sponge-like opening layer 10.

[0024] Among them, dimethylformamide can be directly sprayed by atomization to form the opening layer 10.

[0025] Alternatively, the dimethylformamide is diluted by a solvent to form a dimethylformamide solution, and the dimethylformamide solution is atomized and sprayed to form the open hole layer 10.

[0026] The concentration of the dimethylformamide solution can be determined according to the actual opening needs, for example, the concentration of the dimethylformamide solution is 0.2-1 μg / mL.

[0027] The above-mentioned solvent can be water, methanol or ethanol, etc., which can be miscible with dimethylformamide.

[0028] Further, the porosity of the first wall surface opening is 95%-97%, which is limited based on the synergistic optimization of "bonding effect - structural strength - thermal insulation performance". The high porosity of 95% or more can provide sufficient "permeation space" to ensure that the adhesive can fully penetrate into the interior of the opening during coating, forming an anchor structure similar to "mechanical plug". The porosity of 97% or less can preserve the integrity of the opening wall surface, ensuring that the melamine foam board still has stable structural support ability.

[0029] Further, in order to reduce costs as much as possible and ensure the realization of the three goals of "high-temperature barrier - long-term insulation - low-cost application", the thickness of the melamine foam board 1 is 2-4 mm, and the thickness of the rubber-plastic insulation layer 3 is 20-50 mm.

[0030] Preferably, the thickness of the melamine foam board 1 is 3 mm, which can not only ensure the heat reduction efficiency of reducing 100-120℃ heat to 100℃ or less, but also avoid the increase of cost and the decrease of flexibility due to the increase of thickness.

[0031] The density of the melamine foam board 1 is 30-50 kg / m 3 The density can balance the light weight and support force, avoid easy damage due to too sparse, high cost due to too dense, and heat conduction increase, long-term use temperature ≤200℃, 25℃ thermal conductivity coefficient 0.022-0.025 W / (m·K) ), low thermal conductivity and high thermal resistance, ensuring that the pipeline heat is reduced to 100℃ or less, taking into account the cost, 25% deformation compression strength ≥0.3MPa, resisting installation extrusion and vibration, preventing cracking and damage, maintaining structural integrity, 24h water absorption rate ≤2%, preventing water absorption caused by thermal insulation attenuation and mold, meeting long-term insulation needs.

[0032] Furthermore, in order to improve the bonding strength, reduce the interfacial stress between the melamine foam board and the rubber-plastic insulation layer, and ensure the composite stability between the melamine foam board and the rubber-plastic insulation layer, this application provides a special adhesive. Specifically, the adhesive layer 2 is formed by curing the adhesive. By weight, the adhesive includes 60-70 parts of waterborne polyurethane resin, 7-11 parts of silane coupling agent, 0.5-1 parts of organosilicon defoamer, and 10-15 parts of deionized water.

[0033] Among them, waterborne polyurethane resin has a relatively large number of polar groups. When the surface attraction of the polar rubber and plastic insulation layer is equal and the polarity is the same, the interfacial tension is small and the bonding strength is large. In addition, it can also react with H2O (such as possible condensation) on the surface of the rubber and plastic insulation layer to establish chemical adhesion. There are Coulomb forces and van der Waals forces between the adhesive and the melamine foam board, which helps to achieve a tight adhesion between the melamine foam board and the rubber and plastic insulation layer. In addition, the adhesive can penetrate into the openings of the melamine foam board to form plugs, making the adhesive layer firmly anchored to the surface of the melamine foam board and difficult to fall off.

[0034] The waterborne polyurethane resin has a solid content of 50%-60% and a temperature resistance of ≥120℃.

[0035] The waterborne polyurethane resin includes one or more of aliphatic waterborne polyurethane resin, aromatic waterborne polyurethane resin, polyether-type waterborne polyurethane resin, and polyester-type waterborne polyurethane resin. These waterborne polyurethane resins are commercially available, such as Covestro's Dispercoll U54, Wanhua Chemical's Adwel® 1675 and Adwel® 1630A, etc.

[0036] The silane coupling agent includes one or more of KH560, KH550, and KH570, which can improve interfacial compatibility.

[0037] Organosilicon defoamers include one or more of the following: ether-modified silicone oil defoamers, organosilicon polyether composite defoamers, fluorinated organosilicon defoamers, and higher alcohol defoamers.

[0038] The preparation steps of the adhesive include: 101: Mix the waterborne polyurethane resin with deionized water and stir at 500-800 r / min for 10-15 min.

[0039] 102: Add silane coupling agent and organosilicon defoamer in sequence, and continue stirring for 20-30 minutes to disperse evenly to obtain the binder.

[0040] Furthermore, the rubber and plastic insulation layer can use conventional rubber and plastic sheets to reduce design and production costs. For example, by weight, the rubber and plastic insulation layer 3 includes 10-20 parts of nitrile rubber, 2-5 parts of butadiene rubber, 15-25 parts of polyethylene, 5-10 parts of vinyl acetate copolymer, 10-20 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 10-15 parts of antimony-containing flame retardant, 5-10 parts of plasticizer, and 1-3 parts of vulcanizing agent.

[0041] Among them, the combination of nitrile rubber and butadiene rubber can improve weather resistance and flexibility.

[0042] Polyethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers can enhance the processing fluidity of materials.

[0043] The antimony-containing flame retardant includes one or more of antimony trioxide and antimony pentoxide. The synergistic effect of antimony-containing flame retardants with hydroxides can improve flame retardant efficiency.

[0044] The plasticizer is one or more of epoxidized soybean oil, dioctyl phthalate, and dibutyl phthalate, which are environmentally friendly and improve low-temperature flexibility.

[0045] The vulcanizing agent includes sulfur and zinc oxide in a mass ratio of (1-2):1 to ensure the degree of crosslinking of the material.

[0046] The rubber and plastic insulation layer 3 also includes additives, which include one or more of the following: 0.5-1.5 parts antioxidant, 1-2 parts carbon black, and 0.5-1.5 parts stearic acid; the antioxidant delays aging, the carbon black adjusts color and mechanical properties, and the stearic acid improves processability.

[0047] The preparation steps of the rubber and plastic insulation layer 3 include: 201: Mixing: Add nitrile rubber, butadiene rubber, polyethylene, and vinyl acetate copolymer to a mixer and mix at 100-120℃ for 5-8 minutes until melted; add aluminum hydroxide, antimony-containing flame retardant, plasticizer, and additives in sequence, raise the temperature to 130-140℃, and continue mixing for 8-12 minutes to obtain the compound.

[0048] 202: Vulcanization molding: Add vulcanizing agent to the compound, mix on a two-roll mill for 3-5 minutes, then send to a vulcanizing machine, vulcanize at 160-180℃ and 10-15MPa pressure for 10-15 minutes, and after cooling, obtain rubber and plastic insulation material, and cut to obtain rubber and plastic insulation layer 3.

[0049] This application also provides a method for manufacturing a heat-resistant and heat-insulating composite rubber-plastic material, which includes: 301: Apply the adhesive evenly to the outer side of the melamine foam board 1, with a coating thickness of 30-50μm, and let it stand at room temperature for 5-10 minutes to allow the adhesive to initially level.

[0050] In step 301, before coating, the melamine foam board 1 can be pretreated: cut the melamine foam board 1 into an arc shape (or roll material, suitable for different pipe diameters) that matches the pipe diameter, wipe the surface oil and dust with anhydrous ethanol, and dry it in an 80°C vacuum drying oven for 1-2 hours (to remove moisture and avoid affecting the thermal insulation performance).

[0051] 302: The rubber and plastic insulation layer 3 is attached to the outside of the melamine foam board 1 coated with adhesive, and then fed into a laminator. It is pressed at 100-110℃ and 5-8MPa for 30-40 minutes to cure the adhesive into an adhesive layer 2.

[0052] 303: Subsequently cooled to room temperature, heat-resistant and heat-insulating composite rubber and plastic material is obtained.

[0053] In summary, this application has the following advantages: Highly efficient temperature control, suitable for the temperature range of rubber and plastics: Melamine foam boards have a low thermal conductivity (0.022-0.025W / ( This material can efficiently reduce the surface temperature of pipes from 100-120℃ to below 100℃. According to actual measurements, under 120℃ pipe conditions, the interface temperature between the inner and outer layers of the heat-resistant and heat-insulating composite rubber and plastic material is 60-80℃, which is completely within the long-term stable service range of 80-100℃ for conventional rubber and plastic materials. This avoids softening and aging of the rubber and plastic, and extends the service life of the overall structure.

[0054] Costs are controllable and easy to scale up: Only 2-4mm thin melamine foam boards are used (small amount, accounting for only 20%-25% of the cost), and the outer layer is still made of low-cost conventional rubber and plastic (accounting for 75%-80% of the cost). The overall cost is 60%-70% lower than the full melamine board insulation solution. Moreover, all raw materials are industrially mass-produced products, and the preparation process does not require special equipment and can be adapted to existing rubber and plastic production lines.

[0055] For example, based on the unit price of raw materials, the cost of melamine foam boards is calculated to be approximately 30 yuan / kg (density 35kg / m³). 3 1m 2 The weight of a 3mm thick sheet is 1 × 1 × 0.003 × 35 = 0.105kg, with a cost per square meter of approximately 3.15 yuan. Conventional rubber and plastic materials cost approximately 8 yuan / kg (density 80kg / m³). 3 1m 2 The weight of a 30mm thick sheet is 1×1×0.03×52.5=1.57kg, and the cost per square meter is approximately 12.56 yuan. The cost ratio of rubber and plastic is approximately 12.56÷15.71×100%≈80%, which may vary slightly depending on the thickness.

[0056] Stable structure, suitable for pipeline conditions: The bonding strength of the special adhesive layer is ≥1.2MPa (at room temperature), and the bonding strength is still ≥0.9MPa after aging at 100℃ for 1000 hours, avoiding separation of the two layers during long-term use; the elongation at break of the outer rubber and plastic material is ≥400%, which can flexibly deform with the thermal expansion and contraction of the pipeline (deformation rate ≤0.5%), adapting to pipeline vibration, bending and other conditions, without the risk of cracking.

[0057] Significant energy-saving effect: The total thermal conductivity of the heat-resistant and heat-insulating composite rubber and plastic material is as low as 0.028-0.032 W / ( Compared to traditional single rubber and plastic materials (0.045-0.050W / ( The insulation efficiency is improved by more than 30%, and the energy loss rate of 120℃ high-temperature pipelines is reduced from 10%-15% to less than 5%, which can reduce a lot of energy consumption every year.

[0058] For example, the improvement in thermal insulation efficiency = (average thermal conductivity of traditional materials - average thermal conductivity of materials in this application) ÷ average thermal conductivity of traditional materials × 100%.

[0059] Traditional single rubber and plastic materials: Average thermal conductivity = (0.045 + 0.050) / 2 = 0.0475 W / ( The composite material of this application has the following average thermal conductivity: (0.028 + 0.032) / 2 = 0.030 W / ( Substituting the values ​​into the calculation: (0.0475-0.030) / 0.0475×100%≈36.8%, far exceeding 30%.

[0060] Calculation of energy loss rate of pipeline at 120℃ (taking DN100 steam pipeline as an example, insulation thickness 33mm, ambient temperature 25℃) The heat loss of the pipeline is calculated according to the recommended formula in GB / T 4272: Q=2πλ(T1-T2)L÷ln(D2 / D1), where Q is the heat loss, λ is the thermal conductivity of the material, T1 is the pipeline temperature, T2 is the ambient temperature, L is the pipeline length, D2 is the outer diameter of the insulation layer, and D1 is the outer diameter of the pipeline.

[0061] Traditional single rubber and plastic materials λ=0.0475W / ( ): Substituting the values, we get Q1 = 2 × 3.14 × 0.0475 × (120 - 25) × 1 ÷ ln [(100 + 2 × 33) / 100] ≈ 2 × 3.14 × 0.0475 × 95 × 1 ÷ 0.51 ≈ 54.2 W / m; Energy loss rate = (Q1 ÷ total heat dissipation of the pipeline) × 100%. At 120℃, the total heat dissipation of a DN100 saturated steam pipeline is about 360~450W / m. Therefore, the loss rate = 54.2 ÷ (360~450) × 100% ≈ 12%~15%.

[0062] The following examples and comparative examples illustrate this.

[0063] Example 1 (Suitable for 120℃ chemical steam pipelines, DN100 pipeline) A heat-resistant and heat-insulating composite rubber and plastic material includes a melamine foam board 1, a rubber and plastic insulation layer 3, and an adhesive layer 2 bonded between the melamine foam board 1 and the rubber and plastic insulation layer 3; wherein, a sponge-like opening is formed on the first wall surface of the melamine foam board 1, and the adhesive layer 2 is located on the first wall surface.

[0064] The porosity of the openings on the first wall surface is 95.5%.

[0065] Inner layer melamine foam board: 3mm thick, density 35kg / m³ 3 The melamine board has a thermal conductivity of 0.023 W / ( Cut into an arc shape (fitting DN100 pipe), clean and dry for 1.5 hours.

[0066] Special adhesive: By weight, 63 parts waterborne polyurethane resin, 8 parts KH560, 0.8 parts silicone defoamer, and 10 parts deionized water are mixed to prepare an adhesive with a coating thickness of 30 μm. The waterborne polyurethane resin used is Covestro's Dispercoll U54, and the defoamer is a fluorinated silicone defoamer.

[0067] Outer rubber and plastic insulation layer: conventional rubber and plastic sheets are laminated with melamine sheets, laminated at 105℃ and 6MPa for 35 minutes, and then cooled to obtain a heat-resistant and heat-insulating composite rubber and plastic material.

[0068] The thickness of the rubber and plastic insulation layer 3 is 30mm.

[0069] By weight, the rubber-plastic insulation layer comprises 15 parts nitrile rubber, 4 parts butadiene rubber, 20 parts polyethylene, 8 parts vinyl acetate copolymer, 15 parts aluminum hydroxide, 12 parts antimony-containing flame retardant, 8 parts plasticizer epoxidized soybean oil, and 2 parts vulcanizing agent. The mass ratio of sulfur to zinc oxide is 1:1. The antimony-containing flame retardant is antimony trioxide.

[0070] Performance test results: Temperature control effect: 120℃ pipe surface → melamine foam board and rubber-plastic insulation layer interface temperature 85℃.

[0071] Thermal conductivity: The total thermal conductivity of the heat-resistant and heat-insulating composite rubber and plastic material is 0.030 W / ( ).

[0072] Energy loss rate: Based on the heat loss calculation model of GB / T 4272-2008 "General Technical Specifications for Thermal Insulation of Equipment and Pipelines", the 24-hour pipeline energy loss rate is 4.8%.

[0073] Structural stability: The bonding strength of the adhesive layer at room temperature is 1.3 MPa, and the bonding strength is 1.0 MPa after aging at 100℃ for 1000 hours; the elongation at break of the rubber and plastic insulation layer is 420%, and there is no cracking under 0.5% deformation of the pipe.

[0074] Weather resistance: After being placed in an environment of 80℃ and 90% relative humidity for 30 days, the thermal conductivity increased by only 0.002 W / ( ).

[0075] Example 2 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that: The porosity of the openings on the first wall surface is 95%.

[0076] Inner layer melamine foam board: 2mm thick, density 30kg / m³ 3 The melamine board has a thermal conductivity of 0.022 W / ( ).

[0077] Special adhesive: By weight, 60 parts waterborne polyurethane resin, 7 parts KH560, 0.5 parts silicone defoamer, and 10 parts deionized water are mixed to prepare an adhesive, which is then coated to a thickness of 30 μm. The waterborne polyurethane resin used is Adwel® 1675, and the defoamer used is an ether-modified silicone oil defoamer.

[0078] Outer rubber and plastic insulation layer: 20mm thick.

[0079] By weight, the rubber-plastic insulation layer comprises 10 parts nitrile rubber, 2 parts butadiene rubber, 15 parts polyethylene, 5 parts vinyl acetate copolymer, 10 parts aluminum hydroxide, 10 parts antimony-containing flame retardant, 5 parts plasticizer epoxidized soybean oil, and 1 part vulcanizing agent. The antimony-containing flame retardant is antimony pentoxide.

[0080] The performance test results are as follows: Temperature control effect: 120℃ pipe surface → melamine foam board and rubber-plastic insulation layer interface temperature 92℃; Thermal conductivity: The total thermal conductivity of the heat-resistant and heat-insulating composite rubber and plastic material is 0.032 W / ( ); Energy loss rate: Based on the heat loss calculation model of GB / T 4272-2008 "General Technical Specifications for Thermal Insulation of Equipment and Pipelines", the 24-hour pipeline energy loss rate is 5.2%; Structural stability: The bonding strength of the adhesive layer at room temperature is 1.2 MPa, and the bonding strength is 0.9 MPa after aging at 100℃ for 1000 hours; the elongation at break of the rubber and plastic insulation layer is 400%, and there is no cracking under 0.5% deformation of the pipe; Weather resistance: After being placed in an environment of 80℃ and 90% relative humidity for 30 days, the thermal conductivity increased by 0.003 W / ( ).

[0081] Example 3 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that: The porosity of the openings on the first wall surface is 96%.

[0082] Inner layer melamine foam board: 4mm thick, density 50kg / m³ 3 The melamine board has a thermal conductivity of 0.025 W / ( ).

[0083] Special adhesive: By weight, 70 parts of waterborne polyurethane resin, 11 parts of KH560, 1 part of silicone defoamer, and 15 parts of deionized water are mixed to prepare an adhesive, which is then coated to a thickness of 50 μm.

[0084] Outer rubber and plastic insulation layer: 50mm thick.

[0085] By weight, the rubber-plastic insulation layer comprises 20 parts of nitrile rubber, 5 parts of butadiene rubber, 25 parts of polyethylene, 10 parts of vinyl acetate copolymer, 20 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 15 parts of antimony-containing flame retardant, 10 parts of plasticizer epoxidized soybean oil, and 3 parts of vulcanizing agent.

[0086] The performance test results are as follows: Temperature control effect: 120℃ pipe surface → melamine foam board and rubber-plastic insulation layer interface temperature 78℃; Thermal conductivity: The total thermal conductivity of the heat-resistant and heat-insulating composite rubber and plastic material is 0.028 W / ( ); Energy loss rate: Based on the heat loss calculation model of GB / T 4272-2008 "General Technical Specifications for Thermal Insulation of Equipment and Pipelines", the 24-hour pipeline energy loss rate is 4.2%; Structural stability: The bonding strength of the adhesive layer at room temperature is 1.4 MPa, and the bonding strength is 1.1 MPa after aging at 100℃ for 1000 hours; the elongation at break of the rubber and plastic insulation layer is 430%, and there is no cracking under 0.5% deformation of the pipe; Weather resistance: After being placed in an environment of 80℃ and 90% relative humidity for 30 days, the thermal conductivity increased by only 0.001W / ( ).

[0087] Example 4 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that: The porosity of the openings on the first wall surface is 97%.

[0088] Inner layer melamine foam board: 3mm thick, density 40kg / m³ 3 The melamine board has a thermal conductivity of 0.024 W / ( ).

[0089] Special adhesive: By weight, 65 parts of waterborne polyurethane resin, 9 parts of KH560, 0.8 parts of silicone defoamer, and 12 parts of deionized water are mixed to prepare an adhesive with a coating thickness of 40 μm.

[0090] Outer rubber and plastic insulation layer: 35mm thick.

[0091] By weight, the rubber-plastic insulation layer comprises 15 parts of nitrile rubber, 3 parts of butadiene rubber, 20 parts of polyethylene, 7 parts of vinyl acetate copolymer, 15 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 13 parts of antimony-containing flame retardant, 7 parts of plasticizer epoxidized soybean oil, and 2 parts of vulcanizing agent.

[0092] The performance test results are as follows: Temperature control effect: 120℃ pipe surface → melamine foam board and rubber-plastic insulation layer interface temperature 82℃; Thermal conductivity: The total thermal conductivity of the heat-resistant and heat-insulating composite rubber and plastic material is 0.029 W / ( ); Energy loss rate: Based on the heat loss calculation model of GB / T 4272-2008 "General Technical Specifications for Thermal Insulation of Equipment and Pipelines", the 24-hour pipeline energy loss rate is 4.5%; Structural stability: The bonding strength of the adhesive layer at room temperature is 1.35 MPa, and the bonding strength after aging at 100℃ for 1000 hours is 1.05 MPa; the elongation at break of the rubber and plastic insulation layer is 425%, and there is no cracking under 0.5% deformation of the pipe; Weather resistance: After being placed in an environment of 80℃ and 90% relative humidity for 30 days, the thermal conductivity increased by only 0.002 W / ( ).

[0093] Example 5 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that: The porosity of the openings on the first wall surface is 96%.

[0094] Inner layer melamine foam board: 2.5mm thick, density 32kg / m³ 3 The melamine board has a thermal conductivity of 0.023 W / ( ).

[0095] Special adhesive: By weight, 62 parts of waterborne polyurethane resin, 8 parts of KH560, 0.6 parts of silicone defoamer, and 11 parts of deionized water are mixed to prepare an adhesive with a coating thickness of 35μm.

[0096] Outer rubber and plastic insulation layer: 28mm thick.

[0097] By weight, the rubber-plastic insulation layer comprises 12 parts of nitrile rubber, 2.5 parts of butadiene rubber, 18 parts of polyethylene, 6 parts of vinyl acetate copolymer, 12 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 11 parts of antimony-containing flame retardant, 6 parts of plasticizer epoxidized soybean oil, and 1.5 parts of vulcanizing agent.

[0098] The performance test results are as follows: Temperature control effect: 120℃ pipe surface → melamine foam board and rubber-plastic insulation layer interface temperature 88℃; Thermal conductivity: The total thermal conductivity of the heat-resistant and heat-insulating composite rubber and plastic material is 0.031 W / ( ); Energy loss rate: Based on the heat loss calculation model of GB / T 4272-2008 "General Technical Specifications for Thermal Insulation of Equipment and Pipelines", the 24-hour pipeline energy loss rate is 5.0%; Structural stability: The bonding strength of the adhesive layer at room temperature is 1.25 MPa, and the bonding strength is 0.95 MPa after aging at 100℃ for 1000 hours; the elongation at break of the rubber and plastic insulation layer is 410%, and there is no cracking under 0.5% deformation of the pipe; Weather resistance: After being placed in an environment of 80℃ and 90% relative humidity for 30 days, the thermal conductivity increases by 0.0025 W / ( ).

[0099] Example 6 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that: The porosity of the openings on the first wall surface is 96%.

[0100] Inner layer melamine foam board: 3.5mm thick, density 45kg / m³ 3 The melamine board has a thermal conductivity of 0.024 W / ( ).

[0101] Special adhesive: By weight, 68 parts of waterborne polyurethane resin, 10 parts of KH560, 0.9 parts of silicone defoamer, and 14 parts of deionized water are mixed to prepare an adhesive with a coating thickness of 45μm.

[0102] Outer rubber and plastic insulation layer: 42mm thick.

[0103] By weight, the rubber-plastic insulation layer comprises 18 parts of nitrile rubber, 4.5 parts of butadiene rubber, 22 parts of polyethylene, 9 parts of vinyl acetate copolymer, 18 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 14 parts of antimony-containing flame retardant, 9 parts of plasticizer epoxidized soybean oil, and 2.5 parts of vulcanizing agent.

[0104] The performance test results are as follows: Temperature control effect: 120℃ pipe surface → melamine foam board and rubber-plastic insulation layer interface temperature 80℃; Thermal conductivity: The total thermal conductivity of the heat-resistant and heat-insulating composite rubber and plastic material is 0.0285 W / ( ); Energy loss rate: Based on the heat loss calculation model of GB / T 4272-2008 "General Technical Specifications for Thermal Insulation of Equipment and Pipelines", the 24-hour pipeline energy loss rate is 4.3%; Structural stability: The bonding strength of the adhesive layer at room temperature is 1.38 MPa, and the bonding strength after aging at 100℃ for 1000 hours is 1.08 MPa; the elongation at break of the rubber and plastic insulation layer is 428%, and there is no cracking under 0.5% deformation of the pipe; Weather resistance: After being placed in an environment of 80℃ and 90% relative humidity for 30 days, the thermal conductivity increased by only 0.0015 W / ( ).

[0105] Comparative Example 1 The outer layer is made of conventional rubber and plastic, with the same formulation as in Example 1, and is used to directly wrap the 120°C pipe.

[0106] Performance test results: Rubber and plastic surface temperature: 118℃ (far exceeding the upper limit of 100℃). Thermal conductivity: 0.048 W / ( ); Energy loss rate: 14.2% over 24 hours; Material stability: After 7 days of use, the rubber and plastic showed significant softening (heat shrinkage rate 6.3%), and the elongation at break dropped to 280%.

[0107] Comparative Example 2 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that it uses the commercially available 3M™ Scotch-Weld™ 2214 epoxy adhesive.

[0108] Performance test results: Rubber and plastic surface temperature: 120℃ pipe surface → rubber and plastic insulation layer outer surface temperature 98℃, which is higher than the 85℃ interface temperature in Example 1, due to the high thermal conductivity of the adhesive; Thermal conductivity: The overall thermal conductivity of the composite material is 0.042 W / ( The concentration was significantly higher than 0.030 W / ( in Example 1). Conventional adhesives have poor thermal insulation properties; Energy loss rate: Based on the heat loss calculation model of GB / T 4272-2008 "General Technical Specifications for Thermal Insulation of Equipment and Pipelines", the 24-hour pipeline energy loss rate is 10.5%, which is much higher than 4.8% in Example 1 and lower than 14.2% in Comparative Example 1; Structural stability: The bonding strength of the adhesive layer at room temperature is 0.5 MPa, which is much lower than 1.3 MPa in Example 1. After aging at 100°C for 1000 hours, the bonding strength drops to 0.2 MPa, and there is large-area delamination between the layers. After 15 days of use, the rubber and plastic softens locally due to interlayer separation. The heat shrinkage rate is 4.8%, and the elongation at break drops to 300%, which is lower than 420% in Example 1 but higher than 280% in Comparative Example 1.

[0109] Comparative Example 3 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the melamine foam board was not treated with atomized dimethylformamide spraying, retaining the original dense skin (porosity ≤8%) and without a sponge-like open-cell structure.

[0110] Performance test results: Rubber and plastic surface temperature: 120℃ pipe surface → 86℃ interface temperature between melamine foam board and rubber and plastic insulation layer, which is close to that of Example 1, and the thermal insulation performance of the substrate is similar; Thermal conductivity: The overall thermal conductivity of the composite material is 0.031 W / ( Slightly higher than 0.030 W / ( in Example 1). The lack of perforated anchoring resulted in a slight decrease in interlayer adhesion. Energy loss rate: Based on the heat loss calculation model of GB / T 4272-2008 "General Technical Specifications for Thermal Insulation of Equipment and Pipelines", the 24-hour pipeline energy loss rate is 5.3%, which is higher than 4.8% of Example 1, but lower than 10.5% of Comparative Example 2 and 14.2% of Comparative Example 1. Material stability: The bonding strength of the adhesive layer at room temperature is 0.8 MPa, which is lower than 1.2-1.4 MPa of Examples 1-6, but higher than 0.5 MPa of Comparative Example 2. After aging at 100℃ for 1000 hours, the bonding strength drops to 0.4 MPa, with localized detachment between layers, but no large-area peeling, which is better than Comparative Example 2. After 30 days of use, the rubber and plastic do not soften significantly, the heat shrinkage rate is 1.2%, and the elongation at break is 380%, which is lower than 420% of Example 1, but higher than 300% of Comparative Example 2 and 280% of Comparative Example 1.

[0111] Comparative Example 4 This comparative example uses "melamine particles coated with rubber and plastic", specifically: Particle pretreatment: The melamine foam board of the same material as in Example 1 was crushed, and particles with a particle size of 1-2 mm were screened. The particles were then vacuum dried at 80°C for 1 hour to remove moisture. Mixing stage: According to the rubber and plastic insulation layer formulation in Example 1, first put nitrile rubber, butadiene rubber, polyethylene, and vinyl acetate copolymer into a mixer and mix at 100-120℃ for 5-8 minutes until melted; then add 12 parts by weight of melamine foaming granules, and stir together with aluminum hydroxide, antimony-containing flame retardant, plasticizer, etc., and heat to 130-140℃ to continue mixing for 8-12 minutes. Because the granules are prone to agglomeration, it is necessary to extend the mixing time by an additional 3 minutes. Vulcanization molding: After adding the vulcanizing agent, vulcanize at 160-180℃ and 10-15MPa for 10-15min to prepare a 33mm thick "rubber-plastic-melamine particle mixed insulation layer" without a separate adhesive layer.

[0112] Performance test results: Rubber and plastic surface temperature: 120℃ pipe surface → mixed insulation layer outer surface temperature 105-120℃, with a large fluctuation range. Due to uneven particle dispersion, local "insulation blind spots" appear. Thermal conductivity: The thermal conductivity of different areas of the hybrid insulation layer varies significantly, with an average value of 0.040 W / (m²). The highest point reached 0.046W / ( The lowest point is only 0.035W / ( Example 1: Thermal conductivity fluctuation at each point ≤ 0.001 W / ( The heat insulation effect is stable; Energy loss rate: Based on the heat loss calculation model of GB / T 4272-2008 "General Technical Specifications for Thermal Insulation of Equipment and Pipelines", the 24-hour pipeline energy loss rate is 8.2-9.5%, with a large fluctuation range. In Example 1, it is stable at 4.8%, and the overall loss rate increases due to local thermal insulation failure. Material stability: Agglomeration of melamine particles (agglomerated particle size up to 5-8 mm) was visible in the cross-section of the mixed insulation layer. After aging at 100℃ for 1000 hours, gaps appeared at the interface between the particles and the rubber-plastic composite, and the compressive strength dropped to 0.18 MPa. In contrast, the compressive strength of the melamine sheet in Example 1 under 25% deformation was ≥0.3 MPa. After 20 days of use, the rubber-plastic composite in the agglomerated area cracked, with a heat shrinkage rate of 3.5% and an elongation at break of 250%, which was much lower than the 420% in Example 1. Moreover, the performance fluctuated greatly, with the elongation at break in different areas differing by up to 80%.

[0113] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A heat-resistant and heat-insulating composite rubber-plastic material, characterized in that, It includes: Melamine foam board (1), rubber and plastic insulation layer (3), and adhesive layer (2) bonded between the melamine foam board (1) and the rubber and plastic insulation layer (3). In the melamine foam board (1), one of the two opposing walls is the first wall, and a sponge-like opening is formed on the first wall, and the adhesive layer (2) is located on the first wall.

2. The heat-resistant and heat-insulating composite rubber-plastic material as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The openings were formed by atomizing and spraying dimethylformamide. Alternatively, the opening may be formed by atomizing and spraying a dimethylformamide solution with a concentration of 0.2-1 μg / mL.

3. The heat-resistant and heat-insulating composite rubber-plastic material as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The porosity of the openings on the first wall surface is 95%-97%; And / or, the thickness of the melamine foam board (1) is 2-4 mm, and the thickness of the rubber and plastic insulation layer (3) is 20-50 mm; And / or, the density of the melamine foam board (1) is 30-50 kg / m³. 3 The thermal conductivity at 25℃ is 0.022-0.025 W / ( The compressive strength at 25% deformation is ≥0.3MPa, and the water absorption rate at 24h is ≤2%.

4. The heat-resistant and heat-insulating composite rubber-plastic material as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The adhesive layer (2) is formed by curing an adhesive, which, by weight, comprises 60-70 parts of waterborne polyurethane resin, 7-11 parts of silane coupling agent, 0.5-1 parts of organosilicon defoamer, and 10-15 parts of deionized water.

5. The heat-resistant and heat-insulating composite rubber-plastic material as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The waterborne polyurethane resin has a solid content of 50%-60% and a temperature resistance of ≥120℃; And / or, the waterborne polyurethane resin includes one or more of aliphatic waterborne polyurethane resin, aromatic waterborne polyurethane resin, polyether-type waterborne polyurethane resin, and polyester-type waterborne polyurethane resin. And / or, the silane coupling agent includes one or more of KH560, KH550, and KH570; And / or, silicone defoamers include one or more of the following: polyether modified silicone oil defoamers, silicone polyether composite defoamers, fluorinated silicone defoamers, and higher alcohol defoamers; And / or, the preparation steps of the adhesive include: mixing waterborne polyurethane resin with deionized water and stirring at 500-800 r / min for 10-15 min; adding silane coupling agent and organosilicon defoamer in sequence, and continuing to stir for 20-30 min to disperse evenly, to obtain the adhesive.

6. The heat-resistant and heat-insulating composite rubber-plastic material as described in claim 1, characterized in that: According to the weight parts, the rubber and plastic insulation layer (3) includes 10-20 parts of nitrile rubber, 2-5 parts of butadiene rubber, 15-25 parts of polyethylene, 5-10 parts of vinyl acetate copolymer, 10-20 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 10-15 parts of antimony-containing flame retardant, 5-10 parts of plasticizer and 1-3 parts of vulcanizing agent.

7. The heat-resistant and heat-insulating composite rubber-plastic material as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The plasticizer is one or more of epoxidized soybean oil, dioctyl phthalate, and dibutyl phthalate; And / or, the antimony-containing flame retardant includes one or more of antimony trioxide and antimony pentoxide; And / or, the vulcanizing agent includes sulfur and zinc oxide.

8. The heat-resistant and heat-insulating composite rubber-plastic material as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The preparation steps of the rubber-plastic insulation layer (3) include: Mixing: Add nitrile rubber, butadiene rubber, polyethylene, and vinyl acetate copolymer to a mixer and mix at 100-120℃ for 5-8 minutes until melted; add aluminum hydroxide, antimony-containing flame retardant, and plasticizer in sequence, raise the temperature to 130-140℃, and continue mixing for 8-12 minutes to obtain the compound. Vulcanization molding: Add vulcanizing agent to the compound, mix on a rolling mill for 3-5 minutes, then send to a vulcanizing machine and vulcanize at 160-180℃ and 10-15MPa pressure for 10-15 minutes. After cooling, the rubber-plastic insulation material is obtained and cut to obtain the rubber-plastic insulation layer (3).

9. The heat-resistant and heat-insulating composite rubber-plastic material as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The rubber-plastic insulation layer (3) also includes additives, which include one or more of the following: 0.5-1.5 parts antioxidant, 1-2 parts carbon black and 0.5-1.5 parts stearic acid; Before the temperature is raised to 130-140℃, the preparation steps of the rubber and plastic insulation layer (3) also include: adding additives.

10. A method for manufacturing a heat-resistant and heat-insulating composite rubber-plastic material as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, It includes: Apply the adhesive evenly to the outside of the melamine foam board (1) with a coating thickness of 30-50 μm, and let it stand at room temperature for 5-10 minutes to allow the adhesive to initially level. The rubber and plastic insulation layer (3) is attached to the outside of the melamine foam board (1) coated with adhesive, and sent into the laminator. It is pressed at 100-110℃ and 5-8MPa for 30-40 minutes to cure the adhesive into an adhesive layer (2). The material was then cooled to room temperature to obtain a heat-resistant and heat-insulating composite rubber-plastic material.

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