Deformation conductive fabric for regulating and controlling selective transmission of electromagnetic waves as well as preparation method and application of deformation conductive fabric

Abstract

The invention provides a deformable conductive fabric for regulating and controlling selective transmission of electromagnetic waves, and a preparation method and application thereof. The deformable conductive fabric comprises a deformable film and conductive grids, and the conductive grids are fixedly arranged on at least one surface of the deformable film; the conductive grid comprises a mesh fabric and a conductive material; and the conductive grids can be expanded or compressed and deformed along the direction of the film surface to change the sizes of the meshes. The flexible deformation thin film is used for driving the conductive grids to generate contraction / relaxation motion, so that the sizes of the meshes in the conductive grids are changed, the distance between the conductive materials on the surfaces of the adjacent yarns is continuously changed, and the transmission characteristic of electromagnetic waves can be continuously regulated and controlled through continuous change of physical sizes; according to the present invention, the dynamic electromagnetic wave blocking performance from 44.10 dB to 73.84 dB can be achieved, and the interface bonding is good, and no stress concentration exists, such that the structure stability is strong, and the good cycle stability is provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of materials science and technology, specifically relating to a deformable conductive fabric for controlling the selective transmission of electromagnetic waves, its manufacturing method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] The fields of flexible electronics, wearable devices, and aerospace urgently need to develop novel smart materials that combine highly efficient selective electromagnetic wave transmission, excellent flexibility, and environmental responsiveness. Therefore, developing a material capable of adaptive control in complex electromagnetic environments and able to withstand repeated deformation without failure could have significant application value in aerospace, electronics, soft robotics, and other fields.

[0003] Currently, the electromagnetic wave selective transmission materials reported both domestically and internationally are mainly based on technical routes such as force field modulation, thermal field modulation, electric field modulation, subwavelength structures, and chemical responses. Force field modulation changes the microstructure of materials through mechanical deformation, adjusting properties such as conductivity and dielectric constant to control electromagnetic wave transmission performance, but it suffers from poor mechanical durability and requires continuous application of external force. Electric field modulation changes the surface conductivity and dielectric response of materials such as graphene by adjusting the Fermi level through voltage, but the device structure is complex. Subwavelength structures achieve frequency selective modulation through metamaterial design, but the fabrication is difficult. Chemically responsive materials can change the conductive state of materials through environmental stimuli, adaptively adjusting the transmission of electromagnetic waves, but the controllability and response speed are poor. Thermal field modulation utilizes the temperature response characteristics of phase change materials or the thermal expansion effect of materials to achieve significant changes in conductivity.

[0004] For example, Liang et al. incorporated VO2 nanowires into PVDF-HFP films. When the temperature reached the phase transition point, VO2 transformed from an insulating phase to a metallic phase, resulting in a significant change in conductivity and a sudden change in the material's electromagnetic wave modulation performance. Xing et al. incorporated liquid metal and graphene@nickel hybrid fillers into liquid crystal elastomers. As the temperature increased, the liquid crystal elastomers contracted, making the liquid metal network denser and increasing the conductive pathways, achieving electromagnetic wave shielding performance of 48-62 dB in the X-band. However, the material's shrinkage and mechanical properties were relatively poor.

[0005] In addition, these technologies generally suffer from problems such as discontinuous control, low functional integration, and complex preparation methods, which restrict the further development of electromagnetic wave control materials. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main objective of this invention is to provide a deformable conductive fabric for controlling the selective transmission of electromagnetic waves, its manufacturing method and application, so as to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a deformable conductive fabric for selectively transmitting electromagnetic waves, comprising a deformable film and a conductive mesh, wherein the conductive mesh is fixed on at least one side of the deformable film; the conductive mesh comprises a mesh fabric and a conductive material bonded to the yarn surface of the mesh fabric; the conductive mesh is capable of changing the mesh size as the deformable film expands or contracts along the film surface direction.

[0008] Secondly, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned deformation conductive fabric, comprising: Offer deformable films and mesh fabrics; Conductive material is bonded to the surface of the yarns of the mesh fabric to form a conductive grid; The conductive mesh is bonded to the surface of the deformable film to form the deformable conductive fabric.

[0009] Thirdly, the present invention also provides a method for controlling the selective transmission of electromagnetic waves, comprising: Provide the above-mentioned deformable conductive fabric; The deformable film is subjected to tensile / compressive deformation in the film surface direction, so that the conductive mesh changes the mesh size with deformation, resulting in a continuous change in the transmittance of the deformable conductive fabric.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include at least the following: The deformable conductive fabric provided by this invention utilizes a flexible deformable film to drive the conductive mesh to contract / expand, thereby changing the mesh size in the conductive mesh and thus continuously changing the spacing between the conductive materials on the surfaces of adjacent yarns. This allows for continuous control of the transmission characteristics of electromagnetic waves through continuous changes in physical dimensions, achieving dynamic electromagnetic wave blocking performance from 44.10 dB to 73.84 dB. Furthermore, due to good interface bonding and no stress concentration, it exhibits strong structural stability and good cyclic stability.

[0011] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with detailed drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0012] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the preparation process of a deformable conductive fabric for selective transmission of electromagnetic waves according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2a This is an electron microscope image of a conductive mesh in its natural state, provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2b This is an electron microscope image of the conductive material on the surface of the yarn provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2c This is an electron microscope image of a conductive mesh under tension provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2d This is an electron microscope image of the surface after the conductive mesh and deformable thin film are combined, provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2e This is a cross-sectional electron microscope image of a conductive mesh and a deformable thin film composite provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2f This is a micromirror image of the cross-sectional elemental distribution of a conductive mesh and a deformable thin film composite provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a test diagram of the electromagnetic wave blocking performance of a deformation conductive fabric for selective transmission of electromagnetic waves under different elongation values, provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4a This is a schematic diagram illustrating the temperature-sensitive stretching characteristics and principle of a liquid crystal elastomer provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4b This is a schematic diagram of the temperature-sensitive stretching characteristics of a deformation-conductive fabric that allows selective transmission of electromagnetic waves, provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5a This is a test graph showing the shrinkage-temperature correlation of a deformable conductive fabric with selective electromagnetic wave transmission controlled according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5b This is a test graph of the shrinkage-stress correlation of a deformable conductive fabric with selective transmission of electromagnetic waves provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a test diagram of the shrinkage performance and long-cycle driving performance of a deformable conductive fabric with selective transmission of electromagnetic waves provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7a This is a test diagram of the dynamic shielding performance regulation capability of a deformable conductive fabric for selective transmission of electromagnetic waves, provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7b This is a long-cycle test diagram of the shielding performance of a deformable conductive fabric for selective transmission of electromagnetic waves provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8a This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of controlling the dynamic electromagnetic shielding properties of a deformable conductive fabric for selective transmission of electromagnetic waves, provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8b This is a schematic diagram of the morphological changes of a deformable conductive fabric that controls the dynamic electromagnetic shielding properties of selective electromagnetic wave transmission, provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The existing technologies mainly suffer from the following drawbacks: 1) Existing materials have insufficient ability to control electromagnetic waves: Once formed, most materials have fixed electromagnetic wave control performance, or only exhibit a binary state, i.e., electromagnetic waves can pass through or cannot pass through, lacking continuous and gradual control capabilities; secondly, existing control methods are mostly passive response types, requiring continuous application of external mechanical force to maintain the control state, lacking the intelligence to autonomously respond to environmental changes. In addition, existing electromagnetic wave control materials have complex structures and are difficult to process, limiting their promotion in practical applications. 2) There are currently no reports on flexible materials that integrate the functions of selective electromagnetic wave transmission and driving. Existing materials generally can only achieve a single function, making it difficult to meet the needs of multi-functional integration. Traditional electromagnetic wave control materials lack active deformation capabilities and cannot achieve coordinated control of deformation and electromagnetic wave transmission performance.

[0015] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the inventors of this invention, through long-term research and extensive practice, have proposed the technical solution of this invention. The following will further explain and illustrate this technical solution, its implementation process, and its principles.

[0016] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and therefore the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0017] In the existing technology, there are no reports of flexible materials that integrate driving and electromagnetic wave modulation. Therefore, by coupling the intelligent deformation of liquid crystal elastomers with the microstructure of conductive fabrics, non-contact, low-power, and highly stable dynamic electromagnetic wave modulation can be achieved. This breaks through the limitations of traditional methods in terms of driving mechanism, structural complexity, and environmental adaptability, and provides a new idea for the next generation of adaptive electromagnetic protection materials.

[0018] The purpose of this invention is to develop a smart material capable of continuously controlling the electromagnetic wave transmission performance. By integrating flexible actuation with the selective electromagnetic wave transmission function, it solves key problems such as discontinuous control, slow response speed and passive control of existing materials, thereby meeting the real-time and adaptive electromagnetic wave blocking requirements in complex electromagnetic environments.

[0019] Based on the above technical concept and objective, the present invention first provides a deformable conductive fabric for controlling the selective transmission of electromagnetic waves, which includes a deformable film and a conductive mesh. The conductive mesh is fixed on at least one side of the deformable film. The conductive mesh includes a mesh fabric and a conductive material bonded to the yarn surface of the mesh fabric. The conductive mesh can change the mesh size as the deformable film expands or contracts along the film surface direction.

[0020] In some embodiments, the conductive mesh is fixed on both sides of the deformable film to form a sandwich structure.

[0021] In some embodiments, the conductive mesh is bonded to the deformable film using a flexible adhesive.

[0022] In some embodiments, the deformable film includes any one of liquid crystal elastomer and flexible polymer film.

[0023] In some embodiments, the yarn material of the mesh fabric includes any one or a combination of two or more of polyester, nylon, and cotton yarn.

[0024] In some embodiments, the conductive material includes any one or a combination of two or more of the following: metal nanowires, metal nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, MXene, and graphene.

[0025] Taking a material combination of liquid crystal elastomer, polyester / nylon mesh fabric, and silver nanowires as an example, a flexible pore-actively modulated deformable fabric integrating driving and electromagnetic wave selective transmission functions is reported for the first time in a representative embodiment of this invention: the flexible actuator has a sandwich structure, consisting of a liquid crystal elastomer film core layer and a mesh fabric interlayer with deposited silver nanowires. This flexible actuator can generate contraction drive when the external temperature rises, simultaneously causing the mesh fabric to contract, reducing the mesh pore size, decreasing the spacing between silver nanowires, increasing the contact point density, forming a denser conductive network, thereby reducing electromagnetic wave transmission. This actuator can generate a contraction amount of up to 33.26% according to changes in ambient temperature.

[0026] A second aspect of this invention also provides a method for preparing a deformation-conductive fabric, comprising the following steps: Offer deformable films and mesh fabrics; Conductive material is bonded to the surface of the yarns of the mesh fabric to form a conductive grid; The conductive mesh is bonded to the surface of the deformable film to form the deformable conductive fabric.

[0027] In some embodiments, the deformable film is selected from liquid crystal elastomers, and the preparation process of the liquid crystal elastomer includes: This causes the liquid crystal monomers to undergo a pre-crosslinking reaction, forming a prepolymer; The prepolymer is formed into a film to create a prepolymer film; The prepolymer film is stretched and subjected to a UV curing reaction to form the liquid crystal elastomer.

[0028] In some embodiments, the process of bonding the conductive material to the yarn surface of the mesh fabric specifically includes: The conductive material is prepared into a dispersion, and the mesh fabric is brought into contact with the dispersion to absorb the dispersion. After drying, the conductive mesh is obtained. In some embodiments, the process of incorporating the conductive mesh onto the surface of the deformable film specifically includes: The conductive mesh is adhered to the surface of the deformable film using a flexible adhesive.

[0029] Embodiments of the present invention also provide applications of the above-mentioned deformable conductive fabric, specifically providing a method for controlling the selective transmission of electromagnetic waves, which includes: Provide a deformable conductive fabric as described in any of the above embodiments; The deformable film is subjected to tensile / compressive deformation in the film surface direction, so that the conductive mesh changes the mesh size with deformation, resulting in a continuous change in the transmittance of the deformable conductive fabric.

[0030] In some embodiments, the deformable film is selected from liquid crystal elastomer films, and the manner in which the liquid crystal elastomer film is deformed includes: The stress state and / or temperature of the liquid crystal elastomer film are changed to cause deformation of the liquid crystal elastomer film.

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below through several embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the selected embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention.

[0032] Example 1 This embodiment provides a flexible electromagnetic wave selective transmission actuator with a sandwich structure, consisting of conductive mesh fabric on both sides and a liquid crystal elastomer core. Through this simple sandwich structure design, selective transmission of electromagnetic waves can be achieved.

[0033] The specific preparation steps are as follows: Step 1: Dissolve 6 g of RM 257 in 20 mL of dichloromethane, add 1.42 mL of 2,2'-(1,2-ethylenedioxydioxo)diethylthiol, heat in a 70 °C water bath for 10 min with stirring at 400 rpm. After cooling, add 370 mg of pentaerythritol tetra-3-mercaptopropionate, 20 mg of benzoin dimethyl ether, and 70 μL of triethylamine, heat in a 65 °C water bath for 1 h with stirring at 400 rpm. Then crosslink at room temperature for 22 h with stirring at 400 rpm. After crosslinking, evaporate the solvent in a 60 °C water bath for 10 min with stirring at 400 rpm to obtain a liquid crystal elastomer precursor solution. Pour the precursor solution into a mold, treat in a 45 °C vacuum oven at -0.1 MPa for 1 h to remove air bubbles, and then dry in a 45 °C oven for 22 h to obtain a liquid crystal elastomer prepolymer film. After the film is stretched to 300% of its length using a clamp, it is polymerized under ultraviolet light, with each side treated for 30 minutes.

[0034] Step 2: Immerse the polyester / nylon mesh fabric in a 10% NaOH solution, treat in a 70 ℃ water bath for 30 min with stirring at 200 rpm, then rinse repeatedly with deionized water to remove residual NaOH, and dry for later use. Repeatedly impregnate the fabric with a 10 mg / mL silver nanowire aqueous dispersion, and after the last impregnation, stretch to 40% and dry to set.

[0035] Step 3: Coat both sides of the liquid crystal elastomer film with silicone adhesive and bond the fabric treated with silver nanowires to obtain a flexible actuator with selective electromagnetic wave transmission effect.

[0036] Figure 2a It is a mesh fabric loaded with silver nanowires. Figure 2b This shows the loading of silver nanowires on the surface of a single fabric fiber. As can be seen from the figure, the silver nanowires are uniformly deposited on the fiber surface, forming a complete conductive network. Figure 2c This is a picture of a mesh fabric loaded with silver nanowires after it has been stretched and shaped. Figure 2d This is a one-sided optical image of a composite material consisting of a mesh fabric loaded with silver nanowires and a liquid crystal elastomer film. The mesh diameter is approximately 8 mm. Figures 2e-2f This is a cross-sectional view of the electromagnetic wave selectively passing through the flexible actuator. The three-layer structure of the material can be clearly seen, with the liquid crystal elastomer film and the mesh fabric on both sides bonded together by silicone.

[0037] Figure 3 This is a graph showing the electromagnetic wave blocking performance of a mesh fabric after silver nanowire deposition at different elongation levels. As the elongation increases, the mesh is gradually stretched, the spacing between silver nanowires increases, the contact point density decreases, and the conductive network is partially destroyed, resulting in improved electromagnetic wave transmission performance.

[0038] Figure 4a This demonstrates the principle of thermally induced shrinkage in liquid crystal elastomers. At high temperatures, the liquid crystal elastomer undergoes an ordered-disorder phase transition within its internal liquid crystal units. When the temperature rises to a critical point, the liquid crystal units transform from a highly ordered liquid crystal state (nematic phase) to a disordered isotropic state. Simultaneously, the crosslinking points in the polymer network force the molecular chains to undergo conformational rearrangement. This phase transition leads to entropic elasticity-driven segment retraction along the orientation direction of the liquid crystal units, macroscopically manifested as reversible shrinkage of the material along the orientation direction, while a certain degree of expansion occurs in the perpendicular direction. Figure 4b The effect of selective transmission of electromagnetic waves through a flexible actuator was demonstrated. When the temperature rises, the liquid crystal elastomer contracts, causing the mesh fabric on both sides to contract as well.

[0039] The change in the amount of contraction of the flexible actuator with temperature as a result of selective electromagnetic wave transmission is as follows: Figure 5a As shown, with increasing temperature, the shrinkage gradually increases, the mesh size of the fabric gradually decreases, the density of the conductive network gradually increases, the blocking performance of electromagnetic waves gradually improves, and the electromagnetic wave transmission performance decreases. When the temperature is above 100 ℃, the shrinkage gradually stabilizes, reaching more than 30%. Figure 5b The study demonstrates that, under 100 °C conditions, the contraction of the flexible actuator gradually decreases with increasing stress. Even when the stress increases to 0.22 MPa, the actuation amount still reaches 18%.

[0040] In addition, its cyclic stability was tested, such as Figure 6 As shown, after 1200 cycles, the driving force did not change significantly and remained around 15%.

[0041] Figure 7a The electromagnetic wave blocking performance of the actuator under different temperature gradients is demonstrated. At 25.8 °C, the flexible actuator exhibits an electromagnetic shielding performance of ~44.10 dB in the X-band. As the temperature increases, the electromagnetic wave blocking performance of the flexible actuator gradually improves, reaching ~73.84 dB at 100 °C. Figure 7b It can be seen that the driver has good cyclic stability, and after 50 high-temperature cycles, it can still achieve electromagnetic shielding performance changes from 45 dB to 65 dB.

[0042] Figure 8aThis is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the flexible actuator's selective transmission of electromagnetic waves. When the ambient temperature rises, the liquid crystal elastomer film contracts, causing the mesh fabric on both sides of the film to shrink. The mesh size decreases, reducing the spacing between the silver nanowires and increasing the number of contact points, forming a denser conductive network. This structural change enhances the reflection and absorption of electromagnetic waves within the material, while simultaneously increasing conductive losses (ohmic losses and interfacial polarization losses), thereby reducing electromagnetic wave transmission. Furthermore, increased temperature slightly improves the carrier mobility of the silver nanowires, further optimizing the material's reflection and absorption of electromagnetic waves. Figure 8b This is a photograph showing the changes in the mesh size of the flexible actuator before and after heating.

[0043] Example 2 This embodiment is largely the same as Embodiment 1, except that the liquid crystal elastomer in step 1 can be other thin film materials that produce a shrinkage effect under external stimuli (such as temperature, humidity, light, electric field, etc.), such as polyurethane, polyethylene, PDMS, nylon, etc.

[0044] All can achieve the same adjustable function as in Example 1, and also have excellent cycle life; they can be adjusted by using the corresponding deformation control method.

[0045] Example 3 This embodiment is largely the same as Embodiment 1, except that in step 2, the polyester / nylon mesh fabric can be made of other materials (such as cotton) or other fabrics with significant changes in porosity before and after stretching (such as rib fabrics) as the substrate.

[0046] Example 4 This embodiment is largely the same as Embodiment 1, except that in step 2, the silver nanowires can be replaced by other conductive materials, such as carbon nanotubes, MXene, copper nanowires / nanoparticles, graphene, gold nanowires / nanoparticles, etc.

[0047] Example 5 This embodiment is largely the same as Embodiment 1, except that the silicone adhesive in step 3 can be replaced by other adhesives, such as polyurethane adhesives, acrylic adhesives, etc.

[0048] All of the above Examples 3-5 can yield composite materials with controllable properties and cycle life comparable to those of the deformable fabric in Example 1, and will not be described in detail here.

[0049] Based on the above embodiments, it is clear that the advantages of the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present invention compared with the prior art are at least reflected in the following aspects: advantage: 1) By integrating flexible actuation and selective electromagnetic wave transmission into a single material, and utilizing the thermal shrinkage of liquid crystal elastic bodies and the electromagnetic wave modulation function of silver nanowire mesh fabric, a sandwich structure design was adopted to achieve synergistic regulation of deformation actuation and selective electromagnetic wave transmission, thus solving the problems of single function and complex structure of traditional materials.

[0050] 2) It achieves continuous stepless control of electromagnetic wave transmission through temperature response, breaking through the limitation of traditional electromagnetic shielding materials that can only achieve binary control of "on / off". At the same time, it has a completely autonomous environmental response capability and can complete adaptive adjustment without any external mechanical force or continuous power input.

[0051] 3) The method for fabricating the electromagnetic wave selectively permeable flexible actuator is simple, has high cycle stability, and is easy to apply.

[0052] 4) It can intelligently respond to temperature changes and automatically adjust electromagnetic wave transmission performance, making it particularly suitable for high-end applications such as thermal management of electronic equipment and flexible skin in aerospace. It solves the problem that traditional materials cannot dynamically adapt to complex environments and opens up a new direction for the development of multifunctional intelligent materials.

[0053] It should be understood that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deformation-conductive fabric for selectively transmitting electromagnetic waves, characterized in that, It includes a deformable thin film and a conductive mesh, wherein the conductive mesh is fixed on at least one side of the deformable thin film; The conductive mesh includes a mesh fabric and a conductive material bonded to the yarn surface of the mesh fabric; the conductive mesh can change its mesh size as the deformable film expands or contracts along the film surface direction.

2. The deformation-conductive fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conductive mesh is fixed on both sides of the deformable film.

3. The deformation-conductive fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conductive mesh is bonded to the deformable film using a flexible adhesive.

4. The deformation-conductive fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The deformable film includes any one of liquid crystal elastomer and flexible polymer film; And / or, the yarn material of the mesh fabric includes any one or a combination of two or more of polyester, nylon, and cotton yarn; And / or, the conductive material includes any one or a combination of two or more of the following: metal nanowires, metal nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, MXene, and graphene.

5. The method for preparing the deformation-conductive fabric according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, include: Offer deformable films and mesh fabrics; Conductive material is bonded to the surface of the yarns of the mesh fabric to form a conductive grid; The conductive mesh is bonded to the surface of the deformable film to form the deformable conductive fabric.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The deformable film is selected from liquid crystal elastomers, and the preparation process of the liquid crystal elastomer includes: This causes the liquid crystal monomers to undergo a pre-crosslinking reaction, forming a prepolymer; The prepolymer is formed into a film to create a prepolymer film; The prepolymer film is stretched and subjected to a UV curing reaction to form the liquid crystal elastomer.

7. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The process of bonding conductive materials to the surface of the yarns in the mesh fabric specifically includes: The conductive material is prepared into a dispersion, and the mesh fabric is brought into contact with the dispersion to absorb the dispersion. After drying, the conductive mesh is obtained.

8. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The process of incorporating the conductive mesh onto the surface of the deformable film specifically includes: The conductive mesh is adhered to the surface of the deformable film using a flexible adhesive.

9. A method for controlling the selective transmission of electromagnetic waves, characterized in that, include: Provide a deformable conductive fabric as described in any one of claims 1-4; The deformable film is subjected to tensile / compressive deformation in the film surface direction, so that the conductive mesh changes the mesh size with deformation, resulting in a continuous change in the transmittance of the deformable conductive fabric.

10. The control method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The deformable film is selected from a liquid crystal elastomer film, and the methods for deforming the liquid crystal elastomer film include: The stress state and / or temperature of the liquid crystal elastomer film are changed to cause deformation of the liquid crystal elastomer film.

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