Fabricated formwork for special-shaped bare concrete construction and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a fabricated formwork for special-shaped bare concrete construction and a construction method of the fabricated formwork. The fabricated formwork comprises a supporting assembly and a special-shaped component bottom die. A plurality of fixing frames are fixedly arranged at the bottom of the supporting formwork, and limiting grooves with downward openings are formed in the fixing frames. The supporting assembly comprises a supporting frame, a supporting plate, an adjusting support unit and a limiting rod. The supporting frame is fixed on the ground; a plurality of supporting plates are fixedly mounted on the supporting frame, and a plurality of groups of rotating shafts are arranged on each supporting plate at intervals; the axes of all the rotating shafts are arranged in parallel and are parallel to the center line of the limiting groove; one end of the adjusting bracket unit is rotationally connected to the supporting plate through a group of rotating shafts; the limiting rod is fixedly connected to the other side of the adjusting support unit, and the limiting rod and the rotating shaft are arranged in parallel; the distance between the limiting rod and the rotating shaft is adjusted through the adjusting support unit, so that the limiting rod abuts against the interior of the limiting groove. The construction quality of the special-shaped components is guaranteed, and meanwhile the construction requirements of the special-shaped components of various specifications are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building construction technology, specifically to prefabricated formwork and its construction method for irregular fair-faced concrete construction. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction field, irregularly shaped fair-faced concrete is increasingly favored in projects such as cultural venues and art buildings because it can present a unique and natural architectural appearance without the need for additional decoration. It is both environmentally friendly and highlights the individuality of the building. However, the construction of irregularly shaped fair-faced concrete faces many challenges. Traditional formwork is difficult to fit complex shapes, and the production and installation costs are high and the precision is difficult to control. Therefore, prefabricated formwork has emerged.

[0003] In existing technologies, during the construction of irregular fair-faced concrete, the formwork is difficult to adapt to the complex curved surface of the component, and the support structure is not firmly fixed to the formwork, which can easily lead to molding deviations. The connection of each component of the support assembly is complicated, the assembly efficiency is low, and the disassembly is prone to jamming due to the connection structure, which increases the difficulty of operation. The support height cannot be flexibly adjusted according to the size of the component, making it difficult to adapt to irregular components of different heights. The fixing method of the formwork and the support system is complicated, and the formwork is easily damaged during adjustment or disassembly, affecting its reuse. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned deficiencies in existing technologies, a prefabricated formwork and its construction method for irregularly shaped fair-faced concrete construction are provided, which ensures the construction quality of irregularly shaped components while meeting the construction needs for irregularly shaped components of various specifications.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: Firstly, a prefabricated formwork for irregularly shaped fair-faced concrete construction includes support components and an irregularly shaped component bottom mold; several support formworks are spliced ​​together to form the irregularly shaped component bottom mold; several fixing frames are fixedly provided at the bottom of the support formwork, and the fixing frames are provided with downward-facing limiting grooves, all limiting grooves are horizontally arranged, and the center lines of the limiting grooves are parallel to each other; each support formwork is provided with one or more support components, the support components including Support frame, the support frame is fixed to the ground; Support plates, several support plates are fixedly installed on the support frame, and several sets of rotating shafts are spaced apart on each support plate; the axes of all rotating shafts are arranged in parallel and are parallel to the center line of the limiting groove; Adjustable support unit: Several adjustable support units are provided on the support plate, and one end of the adjustable support unit is rotatably connected to the support plate through a set of rotating shafts; A limiting rod is fixedly connected to the other side of the adjusting bracket unit, and the limiting rod and the rotating shaft are arranged in parallel. The distance between the limiting rod and the rotating shaft is adjusted by the adjusting bracket unit so that the limiting rod abuts against the limiting groove.

[0006] According to the above technical solution, the support plate is provided with a number of through rotating slots, and each rotating slot is provided with a set of rotating shafts; one end of the adjusting bracket unit is placed in the rotating slot and is rotatably connected to the support plate through a single set of rotating shafts; Several rotating slots are arranged at intervals along a direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation; or, several rotating slots are evenly distributed on the support plate.

[0007] According to the above technical solution, the adjusting bracket unit includes a rotating seat, a plug-in sleeve, a fixing rod, and a plug-in bolt. The rotating seat is rotatably connected to the rotating groove via a rotating shaft. The plug-in sleeve is fixed on the rotating seat, and the center line of the plug-in sleeve is perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft. The plug-in sleeve has a positioning hole that is perpendicular to the center line of the plug-in sleeve and penetrates the plug-in sleeve. The fixing rod has multiple plug-in holes spaced apart. The fixing rod is placed inside the plug-in sleeve, and the plug-in bolt is placed in the positioning hole and a certain plug-in hole to adjust the distance between the adjusting limit rod and the rotating shaft.

[0008] According to the above technical solution, a single set of rotating shafts includes two rotating shafts with a coaxial axis; In this configuration, the rotating shaft is fixed on both sides of the rotating base, and a rotating hole matching the rotating shaft is provided in the rotating groove; alternatively, the rotating shaft is fixed on the inner wall of the rotating groove, and a rotating hole matching the rotating shaft is provided on the rotating base. The centerline of the insert sleeve intersects with the axis of rotation.

[0009] According to the above technical solution, the support frame includes several support units and a support cross plate connected between the support units in a detachable and fixed manner; the number of support units is determined according to the size of the support template, and all support units are connected into a whole by the support cross plate to form the support frame; a support plate is fixedly provided at the top of each support unit.

[0010] According to the above technical solution, the support unit includes, from bottom to top, a support base, one or more support rods, and a support bracket in the vertical direction; the support base is placed on the ground, and a support plate is fixedly connected to the support bracket; The top of the support base and the bottom of the support bracket are fixedly connected. Alternatively, several support rods can be installed between the support base and the support bracket, with the bottom end of the lowest support rod being fixedly connected to the top of the support base, the upper and lower adjacent support rods being fixedly connected, and the top end of the highest support rod being fixedly connected to the bottom of the support bracket. The fixed direct connection shown is a detachable fixed connection method.

[0011] According to the above technical solution, the detachable fixed connection method is a fixed connection by bolt fasteners.

[0012] According to the above technical solution, the detachable fixed connection method is a snap-fit ​​connection structure; the snap-fit ​​connection structure is located between the upper and lower connected support base and support bracket, or between two support rods, or between the support base and support rod, or between the support rod and support bracket; The snap-fit ​​connection structure includes a connecting rod, a snap-fit ​​block, a snap-fit ​​spring, and a reset rope assembly. The bottom of the support rod and support base has a connecting groove that mates with the connecting rod. A snap-fit ​​groove is provided on the inner wall of the connecting groove. The snap-fit ​​spring and snap-fit ​​block are both placed within the snap-fit ​​groove, with the snap-fit ​​block located outside the snap-fit ​​spring. The reset rope assembly passes through the snap-fit ​​spring and connects to the end of the snap-fit ​​block located on the snap-fit ​​spring. The connecting rod is fixed to the support base and the top of the support rod. A connecting hook that matches the snap-fit ​​block is provided on the connecting rod. The upper part of the connecting hook and the lower part of the snap-fit ​​block have inclined contact surfaces; the lower part of the connecting hook and the upper part of the snap-fit ​​block have flat contact surfaces. The snap-fit ​​spring pushes the snap-fit ​​block out of the snap-fit ​​groove and into the connecting groove. The reset rope assembly pulls the snap-fit ​​block to compress the snap-fit ​​spring and slides it completely into the snap-fit ​​groove.

[0013] According to the above technical solution, an insertion rod is provided at the bottom of the support rod and the support base, and an insertion groove matching the insertion rod is provided at the top of the support rod and the support base. The reset rope assembly includes a guide post, a reset rope, a reset spring, a reset plate, a reset rod, and a reset head. A vertical through hole is provided in the area between the insertion rod and the insertion slot, with a reset slot section in the middle of the vertical through hole. The reset plate and reset spring are placed within the reset slot section, with the reset spring located at the lower part of the reset plate. The bottom of the vertical through hole communicates with the snap-fit ​​slot. The guide post is rotatably connected at the connection point. One end of the reset rope is fixed to the snap-fit ​​block, and its middle section passes sequentially through the snap-fit ​​spring, the guide post, the lower section of the vertical through hole, and the reset spring. The other end is fixedly connected to the reset plate. The reset head fits against the bottom of the insertion slot and is larger than the size of the vertical through hole. The reset rod is placed in the area above the reset slot section of the vertical through hole and is fixedly connected between the reset head and the reset plate. An insertion hole matching the reset head is provided inside the insertion rod.

[0014] A method for constructing irregularly shaped fair-faced concrete, employing prefabricated formwork as described in any of the above-mentioned methods, the method comprising: Based on the irregular bottom surface of the irregular component, a bottom mold for the irregular component is made. The bottom mold for the irregular component is composed of multiple supporting templates spliced ​​together. Based on the dimensions of the support template, determine the number of support units and the height of each support unit, and assemble them into a support frame; Based on the support template's support points, determine the number of adjusting bracket units and limiting rods on the support plate; The distance between the limiting rod and the rotating shaft is adjusted by the adjusting bracket unit to ensure that the limiting rod is engaged in the limiting groove of the bottom support frame of the support template; thereby completing the support operation for the bottom mold of the irregular component. After installing supporting steel bars inside the bottom formwork of the irregularly shaped component, pour fair-faced concrete.

[0015] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Several fixing frames are installed at the bottom of the supporting template, with limiting grooves inside the fixing frames. A supporting assembly is installed below the supporting template. Multiple rotating shafts parallel to the center line of the limiting grooves are installed on the supporting frame of the supporting assembly. The distance between the limiting rod and the rotating shafts is adjusted by an adjusting bracket unit, so that the limiting rod abuts against the limiting groove. This satisfies the bottom formwork support for various specifications of irregularly shaped components, stably fixing the irregularly shaped bottom formwork to the supporting assembly, preventing displacement of the irregularly shaped template during pouring, and ensuring the concrete forming accuracy during the construction of irregularly shaped components.

[0016] 2. The support frame of the support assembly is composed of multiple support units. The number of support units and the height of each support unit can be determined according to the size of the irregular component. In addition, due to the rotating seat and the matching plug-in structure between the plug sleeve and the fixed rod in the adjusting bracket unit, the insertion depth and plug-in angle of the limiting rod can be adjusted according to the position of the upper limit groove of the support template. Therefore, it is suitable for supporting the template of various specifications of irregular components, enhancing the versatility of the support assembly of this device and reducing construction costs.

[0017] 3. A snap-fit ​​connection structure is provided, allowing the support frame to be quickly disassembled by lifting the reset head, facilitating the disassembly and assembly of the support frame.

[0018] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it according to the contents of the specification, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Specific embodiments of the present invention are given in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and are used to explain the invention, but do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support frame, adjustment bracket unit and support plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustment bracket unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the support rod provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of A in the diagram; Figure 6 yes Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of B; In the diagram, 1. Support template; 2. Fixing frame; 3. Limiting groove; 4. Support frame; 4-1. Support unit; 4-11. Base; 4-12. Support rod; 4-13. Support bracket; 4-131. Diagonal brace; 4-2. Support horizontal plate; 5. Support plate; 5-1. Rotating groove; 6. Rotating shaft; 7. Adjusting bracket unit; 7-1. Rotating seat; 7-2. Insertion sleeve; 7-21. Positioning hole; 7-3. Fixing rod; 7-31. Insertion hole; 7-4. 9. Insert bolt; 1. Limiting rod; 2. Snap-fit ​​connection structure; 3. Connecting rod; 4. Snap-fit ​​block; 5. Snap-fit ​​spring; 6. Reset rope assembly; 7. Guide post; 8. Reset rope; 9. Reset spring; 10. Reset plate; 11. Reset rod; 12. Reset head; 13. Reset groove; 14. Connecting hook; 15. Insertion rod; 16. Insertion hole; 17. Insertion groove. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-6 The principles and features of the present invention are described below. The examples given are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The invention is described more specifically in the following paragraphs by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. The advantages and features of the invention will become clearer from the following description and claims. It should be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions, and are only used to facilitate and clarify the illustration of the embodiments of the invention.

[0022] It should be noted that when a component is described as "fixed to" another component, it can be directly on the other component or may have a component in between. When a component is considered "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or may have a component in between. When a component is considered "set on" another component, it can be directly set on the other component or may have a component in between. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this document are for illustrative purposes only.

[0023] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0024] Reference Figures 1-6 As shown, the present invention provides a prefabricated formwork for the construction of irregular fair-faced concrete.

[0025] Example 1 The system includes a support assembly and a bottom mold for the irregularly shaped component; several support templates 1 are spliced ​​together to form the bottom mold for the irregularly shaped component; several fixing frames 2 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the support templates, and the fixing frames have downward-facing limiting grooves 3, all of which are horizontally arranged and whose center lines are parallel to each other; each support template is provided with one or more support assemblies, the support assembly including... Support frame 4, the support frame is fixed to the ground; Support plate 5, several support plates are fixedly installed on the support frame, and several sets of rotating shafts 6 are spaced apart on each support plate; the axes of all rotating shafts are arranged in parallel and are parallel to the center line of the limiting groove; Adjustment bracket unit 7: Several adjustment bracket units are provided on the support plate, and one end of the adjustment bracket unit is rotatably connected to the support plate through a set of rotating shafts; Limiting rod 8 is fixedly connected to the other side of the adjusting bracket unit. The limiting rod and the rotating shaft are arranged in parallel. The distance between the limiting rod and the rotating shaft is adjusted by the adjusting bracket unit so that the limiting rod abuts against the limiting groove.

[0026] In embodiment 1, preferably, the support plate is provided with a plurality of through rotating slots 5-1, and each rotating slot is provided with a set of rotating shafts; one end of the adjusting bracket unit is placed in the rotating slot and is rotatably connected to the support plate through a single set of rotating shafts; Preferably, the several rotating slots are arranged at intervals along a direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation; or, the several rotating slots are evenly distributed on the support plate.

[0027] Example 2 Based on Embodiment 1, a preferred structural form of the adjusting support unit is provided. The adjusting support unit includes a rotating seat 7-1, a plug-in sleeve 7-2, a fixing rod 7-3, and a plug-in bolt 7-4. The rotating seat is rotatably connected to the rotating groove via a rotating shaft. The plug-in sleeve is fixed on the rotating seat, and the center line of the plug-in sleeve is perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft. The plug-in sleeve has a positioning hole 7-21 that is perpendicular to the center line of the plug-in sleeve and penetrates the plug-in sleeve. The fixing rod has multiple plug-in holes 7-31 spaced apart. The fixing rod is placed inside the plug-in sleeve, and the plug-in bolt is placed in the positioning hole and a certain plug-in hole for adjusting the distance between the adjusting limit rod and the rotating shaft.

[0028] In embodiment 2, the preferred single set of rotating shafts includes two rotating shafts with a coaxial axis; In this configuration, the rotating shaft is fixed on both sides of the rotating base, and a rotating hole matching the rotating shaft is provided in the rotating groove; alternatively, the rotating shaft is fixed on the inner wall of the rotating groove, and a rotating hole matching the rotating shaft is provided on the rotating base. The centerline of the insert sleeve intersects with the axis of rotation.

[0029] Example 3 Based on Examples 1 and 2, in order to be applicable to the support operations of various support templates and to meet the needs of supporting templates with different planar dimensions.

[0030] The support frame includes several support units 4-1 and a support cross plate 4-2 connected between the support units in a detachable and fixed manner; the number of support units is determined according to the size of the support template, and all support units are connected into a whole by the support cross plate to form the support frame; a support plate is fixedly provided at the top of each support unit.

[0031] The support unit includes, from bottom to top, a support base 4-11, one or more support rods 4-12, and a support bracket 4-13 in a vertical direction. The support base is placed on the ground, and a support plate is fixedly connected to the support bracket. In order to facilitate the adjustment of the tilt position of the support plate and ensure that the limiting rod is better placed in the limiting groove, a diagonal brace 4-131 is provided at the top of the support bracket to adjust the angle of the support plate.

[0032] The top of the support base and the bottom of the support bracket are fixedly connected. Alternatively, several support rods can be installed between the support base and the support bracket, with the bottom end of the lowest support rod being fixedly connected to the top of the support base, the upper and lower adjacent support rods being fixedly connected, and the top end of the highest support rod being fixedly connected to the bottom of the support bracket. The fixed direct connection shown is a detachable fixed connection method.

[0033] Based on the height difference of the required support points from the ground, select the appropriate height of the support unit and connect them into a whole through the support cross plate; improve the applicability of this device.

[0034] Example 4 Based on Example 3, two methods for adjusting the height of the support unit are provided: The first method involves a detachable fixed connection using bolts. This method requires multiple bolt tightening operations, making the process cumbersome and inconvenient.

[0035] The second type is a snap-fit ​​connection structure 9, wherein the detachable fixed connection method is located between the upper and lower connected support base and support bracket, or between two support rods, or between the support base and support rod, or between the support rod and support bracket; The snap-fit ​​connection structure includes a connecting rod 9-1, a snap-fit ​​block 9-2, a snap-fit ​​spring 9-3, and a reset rope assembly 9-4; the bottom of the support rod and the support base is provided with a connecting groove 9-5 that mates with the connecting rod, and a snap-fit ​​groove 9-6 is provided on the inner side wall of the connecting groove. The snap-fit ​​spring and the snap-fit ​​block are both placed in the snap-fit ​​groove, with the snap-fit ​​block located outside the snap-fit ​​spring; the reset rope assembly passes through the snap-fit ​​spring and is connected to the end of the snap-fit ​​block located at the snap-fit ​​spring; the connecting rod is fixed to the support base and the top of the support rod, and a connecting hook 9-7 that matches the snap-fit ​​block is provided on the connecting rod; the upper part of the connecting hook and the lower part of the snap-fit ​​block have an inclined contact surface; the lower part of the connecting hook and the upper part of the snap-fit ​​block have a flat contact surface; The snap-fit ​​spring pushes the snap-fit ​​block out of the snap-fit ​​groove and into the connecting groove. The reset rope assembly pulls the snap-fit ​​block to compress the snap-fit ​​spring and slides it completely into the snap-fit ​​groove.

[0036] As shown in the figure, four connecting slots and connecting rods are circumferentially arranged. When a snap-fit ​​connection is used to fix the connection between the support base and the support bracket, or between two support rods, or between the support base and the support rod, or between the support rod and the support bracket, the connecting rod is inserted into the connecting slot. The contact surface between the connecting hook and the snap-fit ​​block is inclined. The connecting hook presses the snap-fit ​​block into the inside of the snap-fit ​​slot. During this process, the snap-fit ​​block presses the snap-fit ​​spring and slides completely into the snap-fit ​​slot. When the connecting hook has completely passed the snap-fit ​​block, that is, when the lower part of the connecting hook is higher than the upper part of the snap-fit ​​block, the snap-fit ​​block returns to its original position under the action of the snap-fit ​​spring. At this time, the contact surface between the lower part of the connecting hook and the upper part of the snap-fit ​​block is flat. The snap-fit ​​block achieves the limiting and fixing of the connecting hook, thereby realizing the fixed connection between the above components.

[0037] When it is necessary to disassemble two fixedly connected components, the locking block is pulled by the reset rope assembly to squeeze the locking spring and slide into the locking groove. The connecting rod and the connecting hook can then be removed from the connecting groove, thereby achieving the separation of the two components.

[0038] Furthermore, in the second structure, an insertion rod 9-8 is provided at the bottom of the support rod and the support base, and an insertion groove 9-9 matching the insertion rod is provided at the top of the support rod and the support base. The reset rope assembly includes a guide post 9-41, a reset rope 9-42, a reset spring 9-43, a reset plate 9-44, a reset rod 9-45, and a reset head 9-46. A vertical through hole is provided in the area between the insertion rod and the insertion slot, with a reset slot section in the middle of the vertical through hole. The reset plate and reset spring are placed within the reset slot section, with the reset spring located at the lower part of the reset plate. The bottom of the vertical through hole communicates with the snap-fit ​​slot. The guide post is rotatably connected at the connection point. One end of the reset rope is fixed to the snap-fit ​​block, and its middle section passes sequentially through the snap-fit ​​spring, the guide post, the lower section of the vertical through hole, and the reset spring. The other end is fixedly connected to the reset plate. The reset head fits against the bottom of the insertion slot and is larger than the size of the vertical through hole. The reset rod is placed in the area above the reset slot section of the vertical through hole and is fixedly connected between the reset head and the reset plate. An insertion hole 9-81 matching the reset head is provided inside the insertion rod.

[0039] When the connecting device is connected, the reset head extends into the insertion hole to ensure the stability of the connection between the support base and the support bracket, or between the two support rods, or between the support base and the support rod, or between the support rod and the support bracket.

[0040] In the reset rope assembly, the reset head is moved upward, which drives the reset rod and reset plate to move upward. The reset plate moves upward and compresses the reset spring. At the same time, the reset plate pulls the reset rope. Under the guidance of the guide post, the reset rope pulls the locking block into the locking groove and compresses the locking spring.

[0041] After disassembly is completed between the support base and the support bracket, or between the two support rods, or between the support base and the support rod, or between the support rod and the support bracket, the reset head, reset plate, and reset rod are reset under the elastic force of the reset spring.

[0042] The present invention also provides a method for constructing irregularly shaped fair-faced concrete, employing prefabricated formwork as described in any of the above-described methods for constructing irregularly shaped fair-faced concrete, the method comprising: S1: Based on the irregular bottom surface of the irregular component, make the bottom mold of the irregular component. The bottom mold of the irregular component is composed of multiple supporting templates spliced ​​together. S2: Based on the size parameters of the support template, determine the number of support units and the height of each support unit, and assemble them into a support frame; S3: Determine the number of adjusting bracket units and limiting rods on the support plate according to the support template to be supported; S4: The distance between the limiting rod and the rotating shaft is adjusted by the adjusting bracket unit to ensure that the limiting rod is engaged in the limiting groove of the bottom support frame of the support template; thereby completing the support operation for the bottom mold of the irregular component; S5: After installing the supporting steel bars inside the bottom formwork of the irregularly shaped component, pour fair-faced concrete.

[0043] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Those skilled in the art can readily implement the present invention based on the accompanying drawings and the above description. However, any modifications, alterations, or variations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention, utilizing the disclosed technical content, are equivalent embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, any modifications, alterations, or variations made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prefabricated formwork for irregularly shaped fair-faced concrete construction, comprising a support assembly and an irregularly shaped component bottom formwork; characterized in that: A bottom mold for an irregularly shaped component is formed by splicing together several supporting templates; several fixing frames are fixedly installed at the bottom of the supporting templates, and the fixing frames have downward-facing limiting grooves. All limiting grooves are horizontally arranged and their center lines are parallel to each other; each supporting template is provided with one or more supporting components, the supporting components including... The support frame is fixed to the ground. Support plates, several support plates are fixedly installed on the support frame, and several sets of rotating shafts are spaced apart on each support plate; the axes of all rotating shafts are arranged in parallel and are parallel to the center line of the limiting groove; Adjustable support unit: Several adjustable support units are provided on the support plate, and one end of the adjustable support unit is rotatably connected to the support plate through a set of rotating shafts; A limiting rod is fixedly connected to the other side of the adjusting bracket unit, and the limiting rod and the rotating shaft are arranged in parallel. The distance between the limiting rod and the rotating shaft is adjusted by the adjusting bracket unit so that the limiting rod abuts against the limiting groove.

2. The prefabricated formwork for irregular fair-faced concrete construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support plate has several through-hole rotating slots, and each rotating slot has a set of rotating shafts; one end of the adjusting bracket unit is placed in the rotating slot and is rotatably connected to the support plate through a single set of rotating shafts; Several rotating slots are arranged at intervals along a direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation; or, several rotating slots are evenly distributed on the support plate.

3. The prefabricated formwork for irregular fair-faced concrete construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjusting bracket unit includes a rotating seat, a plug-in sleeve, a fixing rod, and a plug-in bolt. The rotating seat is rotatably connected to the rotating groove via a rotating shaft. The plug-in sleeve is fixed on the rotating seat, and the center line of the plug-in sleeve is perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft. The plug-in sleeve has a positioning hole that is perpendicular to the center line of the plug-in sleeve and passes through the plug-in sleeve. The fixing rod has multiple plug-in holes spaced apart. The fixing rod is placed inside the plug-in sleeve, and the plug-in bolt is placed in the positioning hole and one of the plug-in holes to adjust the distance between the adjusting limit rod and the rotating shaft.

4. The prefabricated formwork for irregular fair-faced concrete construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: A single set of rotating shafts consists of two rotating shafts with a coaxial axis; In this configuration, the rotating shaft is fixed on both sides of the rotating base, and a rotating hole matching the rotating shaft is provided in the rotating groove; alternatively, the rotating shaft is fixed on the inner wall of the rotating groove, and a rotating hole matching the rotating shaft is provided on the rotating base. The centerline of the insert sleeve intersects with the axis of rotation.

5. The prefabricated formwork for irregular fair-faced concrete construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame includes several support units and a support cross plate connected between the support units in a detachable and fixed manner; The number of support units is determined according to the size of the support template. All support units are connected into a whole by the support cross plate to form the support frame. A support plate is fixed at the top of each support unit.

6. The prefabricated formwork for irregular fair-faced concrete construction according to claim 5, characterized in that: The support unit includes, from bottom to top, a support base, zero or more support rods, and a support bracket along the vertical direction; the support base is placed on the ground, and a support plate is fixedly connected to the support bracket; The top of the support base and the bottom of the support bracket are fixedly connected. Alternatively, several support rods can be installed between the support base and the support bracket, with the bottom end of the lowest support rod being fixedly connected to the top of the support base, the upper and lower adjacent support rods being fixedly connected, and the top end of the highest support rod being fixedly connected to the bottom of the support bracket. The fixed direct connection shown is a detachable fixed connection method.

7. The prefabricated formwork for irregular fair-faced concrete construction according to claim 6, characterized in that: The detachable fixed connection method is a fixed connection by bolt fasteners.

8. The prefabricated formwork for irregular fair-faced concrete construction according to claim 6, characterized in that: The detachable fixed connection method is a snap-fit ​​connection structure; the snap-fit ​​connection structure is located between the upper and lower connected support base and support bracket, or between two support rods, or between the support base and support rod, or between the support rod and support bracket; The snap-fit ​​connection structure includes a connecting rod, a snap-fit ​​block, a snap-fit ​​spring, and a reset rope assembly. The bottom of the support rod and support base has a connecting groove that mates with the connecting rod. A snap-fit ​​groove is provided on the inner wall of the connecting groove. The snap-fit ​​spring and snap-fit ​​block are both placed within the snap-fit ​​groove, with the snap-fit ​​block located outside the snap-fit ​​spring. The reset rope assembly passes through the snap-fit ​​spring and connects to the end of the snap-fit ​​block located on the snap-fit ​​spring. The connecting rod is fixed to the support base and the top of the support rod. A connecting hook that matches the snap-fit ​​block is provided on the connecting rod. The upper part of the connecting hook and the lower part of the snap-fit ​​block have inclined contact surfaces; the lower part of the connecting hook and the upper part of the snap-fit ​​block have flat contact surfaces. The snap-fit ​​spring pushes the snap-fit ​​block out of the snap-fit ​​groove and into the connecting groove. The reset rope assembly pulls the snap-fit ​​block to compress the snap-fit ​​spring and slides it completely into the snap-fit ​​groove.

9. The prefabricated formwork for irregular fair-faced concrete construction according to claim 8, characterized in that: An insertion rod is provided at the bottom of the support rod and the support base, and an insertion groove matching the insertion rod is provided at the top of the support rod and the support base. The reset rope assembly includes a guide post, a reset rope, a reset spring, a reset plate, a reset rod, and a reset head. A vertical through hole is provided in the area between the insertion rod and the insertion slot, with a reset slot section in the middle of the vertical through hole. The reset plate and reset spring are placed within the reset slot section, with the reset spring located at the lower part of the reset plate. The bottom of the vertical through hole communicates with the snap-fit ​​slot. The guide post is rotatably connected at the connection point. One end of the reset rope is fixed to the snap-fit ​​block, and its middle section passes sequentially through the snap-fit ​​spring, the guide post, the lower section of the vertical through hole, and the reset spring. The other end is fixedly connected to the reset plate. The reset head fits against the bottom of the insertion slot and is larger than the size of the vertical through hole. The reset rod is placed in the area above the reset slot section of the vertical through hole and is fixedly connected between the reset head and the reset plate. An insertion hole matching the reset head is provided inside the insertion rod.

10. A method for constructing irregularly shaped fair-faced concrete, characterized in that: The method employs the prefabricated formwork for irregular fair-faced concrete construction as described in any one of claims 1-9, the method comprising: Based on the irregular bottom surface of the irregular component, a bottom mold for the irregular component is made. The bottom mold for the irregular component is composed of multiple supporting templates spliced ​​together. Based on the dimensions of the support template, determine the number of support units and the height of each support unit, and assemble them into a support frame; Based on the support template's support points, determine the number of adjusting bracket units and limiting rods on the support plate; The distance between the limiting rod and the rotating shaft is adjusted by the adjusting bracket unit to ensure that the limiting rod is engaged in the limiting groove of the bottom support frame of the support template; thereby completing the support operation for the bottom mold of the irregular component. After installing supporting steel bars inside the bottom formwork of the irregularly shaped component, pour fair-faced concrete.

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