Double-opening pneumatic control valve of liquid rocket engine, working method of double-opening pneumatic control valve and liquid rocket

Abstract

The invention relates to a liquid rocket engine double-opening pneumatic control valve and a working method thereof and a liquid rocket, the liquid rocket engine double-opening pneumatic control valve comprises an assembling shell, a piston, an ejector rod, a valve element and a spring, an assembling cavity is formed in the assembling shell, and the valve element, the ejector rod and the piston are sequentially assembled in the assembling cavity in the axial direction of the assembling shell; a first closing-in structure is formed in the middle of the assembly cavity, the ejector rod penetrates through the first closing-in structure in a sealed mode and can move axially, the valve element and the piston are assembled on the two sides of the first closing-in structure respectively, and the piston is connected with the peripheral side wall of the assembly cavity in a sealed mode and divides the assembly cavity on one side of the first closing-in structure into a small-opening-degree control cavity and a large-opening-degree control cavity. One end of the ejector rod is connected into the large-opening-degree control cavity in a sealed and sliding mode, and a small-opening-degree limiting structure is formed in the assembling cavity. The small-opening-degree control channel is communicated with the small-opening-degree control cavity, the large-opening-degree control channel is communicated with the large-opening-degree control cavity, the valve element elastically abuts against one end of the assembling cavity through the spring, and the end, away from the spring, of the valve element abuts against the other end of the ejector rod.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of valves for liquid rocket engines, specifically to a dual-opening pneumatic control valve for a liquid rocket engine, its working method, and a liquid rocket. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the start-up and shutdown processes of a certain type of reusable liquid oxygen-methane liquid rocket engine both require staged operation by a secondary system. Therefore, two valves need to be installed in a secondary circuit for control. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve one or more technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a reusable liquid rocket engine dual-opening gas control valve, its working method and liquid rocket, specifically relating to an ultra-low temperature, redundantly sealed dual-opening gas control valve, its working method and liquid rocket.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: The present invention provides a dual-opening gas control valve for a liquid rocket engine, including an assembly shell, a piston, a push rod, a valve core, and a spring. An assembly cavity is formed inside the assembly shell. The valve core, push rod, and piston are sequentially assembled in the assembly cavity along the axial direction of the assembly shell. A first constriction structure is formed in the middle of the assembly cavity. The push rod passes through the first constriction structure in a sealed manner and is axially movable. The valve core and piston are respectively axially slidably assembled on both sides of the first constriction structure. The piston is sealed to the peripheral wall of the assembly cavity and divides the assembly cavity on one side of the first constriction structure into a small-opening control cavity and a large-opening control cavity. One end of the push rod is sealed and slidably connected in the large-opening control cavity. A small-opening limiting structure for limiting the piston stroke is formed in the assembly cavity. The assembly housing has an inlet channel, an outlet channel, a large opening control channel, and a small opening control channel that are respectively connected to the assembly cavity. The small opening control channel is connected to the small opening control cavity, and the large opening control channel is connected to the large opening control cavity. The valve core is elastically abutted against one end of the assembly cavity by a spring. The end of the valve core away from the spring abuts against the other end of the push rod and is used to open or cut off the flow channel between the inlet channel and the outlet channel. The total axial stroke of the push rod is greater than the total axial stroke of the piston.

[0005] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The liquid rocket engine dual-opening gas control valve of the present invention is designed with two moving parts, a piston and a push rod. A small opening limit structure for the piston is designed on the housing. The distance between the piston and the small opening limit structure is the small opening stroke of the valve core. The distance between the push rod and the first closing structure is the large opening stroke, which can play the role of staged engine start-up.

[0006] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0007] Furthermore, a small opening limiting structure is formed in the assembly cavity on one side of the first closing structure. The small opening limiting structure is a limiting step. The piston is slidably connected to the limiting step on the side away from the first closing structure. One end of the push rod is provided with a sleeve. The sleeve is slidably connected to the step wall of the limiting step. The two ends of the sleeve in the axial direction are respectively limited by abutting against the side wall of the first closing structure and the piston.

[0008] Furthermore, a sealing plug is fixed on the step wall of the limiting step, and a first sealing ring for sealing and sliding of the top rod is fixed on the inner wall of the first constriction structure. The sealing plug abuts against one end face of the first sealing ring in the axial direction, and the sleeve is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sealing plug.

[0009] Furthermore, the sealing plug is also sealed against the side wall of the first closing structure through a first sealing gasket; a second sealing ring for the sleeve to slide in a sealing manner is provided on the inner side wall of the sealing plug.

[0010] Furthermore, a third sealing ring is provided on the outer wall of the piston for self-sealing and sliding.

[0011] Furthermore, a plastic sealing layer is provided on each of the two end faces of the piston axially, and a plastic sealing layer is provided on one end face of the sleeve that abuts against the first constriction structure.

[0012] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solution are: by setting a plastic sealing layer, the impact between the piston and the shell and the flange cover, and between the push rod and the first closing structure during the valve operation are reduced, thereby improving the reliability and service life of the valve.

[0013] Furthermore, the assembly cavity of the assembly shell is also provided with a second constriction structure. The other end of the push rod passes through the second constriction structure and forms a flow channel between it and the inner wall of the second constriction structure. The valve core is located on one side of the second constriction structure and opens or blocks the flow channel under the action of the push rod. The inlet channel and the outlet channel are located on both sides of the second constriction structure, respectively. One of the inlet channel and the outlet channel is connected to the flow channel, and the other is connected to the valve core and disconnected from or connected to the flow channel through the valve core.

[0014] Furthermore, the assembly housing includes a housing, a plug, and a flange cover. An axially penetrating cavity is formed inside the housing. The plug and the flange cover are respectively sealed and fixed at both ends of the housing along the axial direction and together with the housing to form the assembly cavity. The valve core elastically abuts against the plug through a spring and can slide axially along the sliding hole of the plug. The flange cover is arranged adjacent to the piston, and the flange cover has the small opening control channel. The inlet channel and the outlet channel are respectively located on the side of the first closing structure near the plug.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides a dual-opening pneumatically controlled valve with ultra-low temperature operation, redundant sealing, and reduced impact on moving parts, combining the functions of two valves into one. This solution employs redundant sealing, improving the reliability of dynamic seals and reducing the risk of leakage from the medium and control chamber. Due to layout and weight limitations, liquid rocket engines can only carry a limited amount of control gas; excessive control gas leakage can lead to flight failure. This valve is a dual-opening pneumatically controlled valve, designed with two moving parts: a piston and a push rod. A piston limiting surface is designed on the housing, and a push rod limiting surface is designed on the plug. The distance between the piston and the housing limiting surface is the small opening stroke of the valve core, and the distance between the limiting surface of the push rod and the plug is the large opening stroke of the valve core. A plastic sealing layer is heat-pressed and bonded to the end faces of the piston and push rod, reducing the impact between the piston and the housing and flange cover, and between the push rod and the plug during valve operation, thus improving valve reliability and lifespan. The beneficial effects are particularly significant in high-pressure valves and reusable engines. This design employs a dynamic seal redundancy design, improving dynamic seal reliability and reducing the risk of leakage from the medium and control chamber. Due to layout and weight limitations, liquid rocket engines can only carry a limited amount of control gas; excessive control gas leakage can lead to flight failure. This design improves the reliability of reusable liquid rocket engines.

[0016] The present invention also provides a method for operating the dual-opening gas control valve of the liquid rocket engine as described above, comprising: In the assembled state, the valve core cuts off the flow path between the inlet channel and the outlet channel under the action of the spring, and the liquid rocket engine dual-opening gas control valve is in the closed state; When the dual-opening pneumatic control valve of the liquid rocket engine is switched from the assembled state to the small-opening state, control gas is introduced into the small-opening control channel. Under the action of the control gas, the piston moves axially and drives the push rod and valve core to move axially in sequence. The valve core compresses the spring and opens the flow channel between the inlet channel and the outlet channel. After the piston abuts against the small-opening limit structure, the push rod and valve core stop moving and the valve core opens a part. At this time, the dual-opening pneumatic control valve of the liquid rocket engine is in the small-opening state. When the dual-opening pneumatic control valve of the liquid rocket engine changes from a small opening state to a large opening state, control gas is introduced into the large opening control channel and control gas is withdrawn from the small opening control channel. Under the action of the control gas, the piston moves in the opposite direction until it abuts against the inner wall of one end of the assembly cavity. Under the action of the control gas, the push rod drives the valve core to move axially, and the valve core opening increases. When one end of the push rod abuts against the side wall of the first constriction structure, it stops moving and the valve core is fully opened. At this time, the dual-opening pneumatic control valve of the liquid rocket engine is in the large opening state. When the liquid rocket engine dual-opening pneumatic control valve moves from the assembled state to the large-opening state, control gas is introduced into the large-opening control channel. Under the action of the control gas, the push rod drives the valve core to move axially, and the valve core opening increases. When one end of the push rod abuts against one side wall of the first constriction structure, it stops moving and the valve core is fully opened. At this time, the liquid rocket engine dual-opening pneumatic control valve is in the large-opening state. When the dual-opening pneumatic control valve of the liquid rocket engine changes from a large opening state to a small opening state, control gas is introduced into the small opening control channel, and then the control gas is removed from the large opening control channel. Under the action of the spring and the pressure difference of the medium on both sides of the valve core along the axis, the valve core rotates to the small opening state. When the dual-opening gas control valve of the liquid rocket engine is switched from the small-opening state to the assembled state, the control gas is removed from the small-opening control channel, and the valve core is closed under the action of the spring and the pressure difference of the medium on both sides of the valve core axially. When the dual-opening gas control valve of the liquid rocket engine is switched from the large opening state to the assembly state, the control gas in the large opening control channel is removed, and the valve core is closed under the action of the spring and the pressure difference of the medium on both sides of the valve core axially.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are: this invention combines the functions of two valves into one, which can play the role of staged engine starting.

[0018] The present invention also provides a liquid rocket, including the liquid rocket engine dual-opening gas control valve as described above.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the liquid rocket of the present invention adopts the above-mentioned dual-opening gas control valve, which combines the functions of two valves into one, thereby reducing the risk of medium leakage. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the dual-opening gas control valve for the liquid rocket engine of the present invention in the assembled state; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid rocket engine dual-opening gas control valve of the present invention in the small opening state; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dual-opening gas control valve for the liquid rocket engine of the present invention in the large opening state; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing contact between the piston and the upper limit step of the housing in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sleeve and piston sealing contact of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the piston and flange cover sealing contact of the present invention.

[0021] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 1. Plug; 2. Housing; 3. First sealing gasket; 4. First double-ended stud; 5. Second sealing gasket; 6. Sealing plug; 7. First plug ring; 8. Second plug ring; 9. Third plug ring; 10. Third sealing gasket; 11. Flange cover; 12. Second double-ended stud; 13. Piston; 14. First elastic retaining ring; 15. First retaining ring; 16. Second elastic retaining ring; 17. Second retaining ring; 18. Push rod; 19. Valve core; 20. Spring; 21. First closing structure; 22. Second closing structure; 23. Inlet channel; 24. Outlet channel; 25. Large opening control channel; 26. Small opening control channel; 27. Large opening control chamber; 28. Small opening control chamber; 29. ​​Limiting step; 30. Plastic sealing layer; 31. Flow channel; 32. Sliding hole; 33. Sleeve; 34. Through hole; 35. Plastic insert. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The principles and features of the present invention are described below. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0023] Example 1 like Figures 1-6 As shown, a dual-opening gas control valve for a liquid rocket engine in this embodiment includes an assembly shell, a piston 13, a push rod 18, a valve core 19, and a spring 20. An assembly cavity is formed inside the assembly shell. The valve core 19, push rod 18, and piston 13 are sequentially assembled in the assembly cavity along the axial direction of the assembly shell. A first constriction structure 21 is formed in the middle of the assembly cavity. The push rod 18 passes through the first constriction structure 21 in a sealed manner and is axially movable. The valve core 19 and piston 13 are respectively axially slidably assembled on both sides of the first constriction structure 21. The piston 13 is sealed to the peripheral wall of the assembly cavity and divides the assembly cavity on one side of the first constriction structure 21 into a small-opening control cavity 28 and a large-opening control cavity 27. One end of the push rod 18 is sealed and slidably connected in the large-opening control cavity 27. A small-opening limiting structure for limiting the stroke of the piston 13 is formed inside the assembly cavity. The assembly housing has an inlet channel 23, an outlet channel 24, a large opening control channel 25, and a small opening control channel 26, which are respectively connected to the assembly cavity. The small opening control channel 26 is connected to the small opening control cavity 28, and the large opening control channel 25 is connected to the large opening control cavity 27. The valve core 19 elastically abuts against one end of the assembly cavity through a spring 20. The end of the valve core 19 away from the spring 20 abuts against the other end of the push rod 18 and is used to open or cut off the flow channel 31 between the inlet channel 23 and the outlet channel 24. The total axial stroke of the push rod 18 is greater than the total axial stroke of the piston 13.

[0024] The valve of this invention has a dual-opening structure, with two pneumatic control chambers: a large-opening control chamber and a small-opening control chamber. When control air is supplied to the small-opening control chamber, control air is not supplied to the large-opening control chamber, and the valve is in a small-opening state. When air is supplied to the large-opening control chamber, the valve is in a large-opening state regardless of whether control air is supplied to the small-opening control chamber. The valve's operation process is as follows: when air is supplied to the small-opening control channel, the piston moves to the left, and the valve operates in a small-opening state; when air is supplied to the large-opening control channel, air is de-suppressed from the small-opening control channel, and the push rod continues to move to the left, and the valve operates in a large-opening state; when air is supplied to the small-opening control channel and air is de-suppressed from the large-opening control channel, the valve returns to a small-opening state; when air is de-suppressed from the small-opening control channel, the valve returns to a closed state under the action of spring force and the force generated by the pressure difference between the medium on the left and right sides of the valve core.

[0025] The liquid rocket engine dual-opening gas control valve of this embodiment is designed with two moving parts: a piston and a push rod. A small-opening limiting structure for the piston is designed on the housing. The distance between the piston and the small-opening limiting structure is the small-opening stroke of the valve core. The distance between the push rod and the first constriction structure is the large-opening stroke, which can play the role of staged engine start-up.

[0026] Example 2 Based on Example 1, this example provides a preferred solution for the small opening limiting structure and sealing structure. For example... Figures 1-4 As shown, in this embodiment, a small opening limiting structure is formed in the assembly cavity on one side of the first closing structure 21. The small opening limiting structure is a limiting step 29. The piston 13 is slidably connected to the limiting step 29 on the side away from the first closing structure 21. One end of the push rod 18 is provided with a sleeve 33. The sleeve 33 is slidably connected to the step wall of the limiting step 29. The two ends of the sleeve 33 in the axial direction are limited by abutting against the side wall of the first closing structure 21 and the piston 13, respectively.

[0027] Specifically, such as Figures 1-3As shown, in this embodiment, a sealing plug 6 is fixed on the step wall of the limiting step 29, and a first sealing ring 7 for sealing and sliding of the push rod 18 is fixed on the inner wall of the first closing structure 21. The sealing plug 6 abuts against one end face of the first sealing ring 7 in the axial direction, and the sleeve 33 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sealing plug 6. The sealing plug is fixed to the housing by a threaded connection, with one dynamic seal and one static seal between them. The first sealing ring is installed on the cylindrical surface in the groove of the sealing plug, and a retaining ring and an elastic retaining ring are installed on the right side of the first sealing ring to prevent the sealing ring from coming off during the action of the push rod. If the valve is used in a normal temperature environment, the sealing ring can be replaced with a normal temperature sealing ring, and the retaining ring and elastic retaining ring can be removed.

[0028] like Figures 1-3 As shown, in this embodiment, the sealing plug 6 is also sealed and abutted against the side wall of the first closing structure 21 by the first sealing gasket 3; the inner side wall of the sealing plug 6 is provided with a second sealing ring 8 for the sleeve 33 to slide in a sealing manner.

[0029] like Figures 1-4 , Figure 6 As shown, the piston 13 in this embodiment is provided with a third sealing ring 9 on its outer side wall for self-sealing sliding.

[0030] like Figures 1-4 , Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, a plastic sealing layer 30 is provided on each of the two axial end faces of the piston 13, and a plastic sealing layer 30 is provided on the end face of the sleeve 33 that abuts against the first constriction structure 21. By setting the plastic sealing layer, the impact between the piston and the housing and the flange cover, and between the push rod and the first constriction structure during valve operation is reduced, thereby improving the reliability and lifespan of the valve. Plastic can be hot-pressed onto the right end face of the valve core. Relying on the spring force and the medium force, the plastic surface on the right side of the valve core presses against the valve seat stop of the housing to cut off the inlet and outlet channels. The plug can be connected to the housing by threads or flanges, and a sealing gasket is used to seal between them. The flange cover is connected to the housing by a flange, and a sealing gasket is used to seal between them.

[0031] Example 3 Based on Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, this embodiment provides a preferred structure for the assembly shell. For example... Figures 1-3As shown, the assembly cavity of the assembly shell in this embodiment is further provided with a second closing structure 22. The other end of the push rod 18 passes through the second closing structure 22 and forms a flow channel 31 between it and the inner wall of the opening of the second closing structure 22. The valve core 19 is located on one side of the second closing structure 22 and opens or blocks the flow channel 31 under the action of the push rod 18. The inlet channel 23 and the outlet channel 24 are respectively located on both sides of the second closing structure 22. One of the inlet channel 23 and the outlet channel 24 communicates with the flow channel 31, and the other communicates with the valve core 19 and is disconnected from or connected to the flow channel 31 through the valve core 19.

[0032] Example 4 Based on any of the above embodiments, this embodiment provides a specific structure for the assembly shell. For example... Figures 1-3 As shown, the assembly shell in this embodiment includes a housing 2, a plug 1, and a flange cover 11. An axially penetrating cavity is formed inside the housing 2. The plug 1 and the flange cover 11 are respectively sealed and fixed at both ends of the housing 2 in the axial direction and together with the housing 2 to form the assembly cavity. The valve core 19 elastically abuts against the plug 1 through a spring 20 and can slide axially along the sliding hole 32 of the plug 1. The flange cover 11 is arranged adjacent to the piston 13, and the flange cover 11 is provided with the small opening control channel 26. The inlet channel 23 and the outlet channel 24 are respectively located on the side of the first closing structure 21 near the plug 1.

[0033] The push rod is a force transmission, dynamic seal, and redundant sealing assembly. The left end of the push rod is designed with a spherical structure, allowing the valve core to automatically align during operation, preventing wear between the cylindrical surface of the valve core's left end and the plug's inner hole. A sleeve can be installed on the right end of the push rod to contact the bottom surface of the groove on the left end of the piston, with a cross groove machined on the contact surface to facilitate smooth entry and exit of the control chamber into the right-side hole of the push rod. The push rod has a stepped structure, with a dynamic seal between the middle cylindrical surface and the housing. After the sealing plug is screwed into the housing, it prevents the dynamic seal from coming out. This dynamic seal prevents low-temperature, high-pressure liquid oxygen from entering the control chamber. During normal temperature operation, the dynamic seal can be replaced with a normal-temperature sealing ring, and the sealing plug and housing can be designed as a single unit. The cylindrical surface of the right side of the push rod, the cylindrical surface of the sealing plug groove, and the dynamic seal installed on it form a dynamic seal. This dynamic seal prevents gas from the large-opening control chamber from entering the inlet and outlet medium channels. A plastic sealing layer is bonded to the plane between the middle and right cylindrical surfaces of the push rod using a heat-pressing method. This layer cushions the impact of the push rod end face against the bottom of the sealing plug groove during valve opening, increasing the valve's operating life. When the valve is at a large opening, this plastic surface presses against the bottom of the sealing plug groove, forming a seal and providing redundant sealing for the two sealing rings on the push rod. A sealing ring with dynamic sealing is installed on each side of the piston's outer cylindrical surface, and retaining rings and elastic retaining rings prevent the sealing rings from dislodging. The left sealing ring prevents gas from entering or exiting the small-opening control chamber from the large-opening control chamber, while the right sealing ring prevents gas from entering the small-opening control chamber. A plastic sealing layer is bonded to both ends of the piston using a heat-pressing method, mitigating the impact between the piston and the housing and flange cover, and also providing redundant sealing for the two sealing rings. Under normal operating conditions, the sealing rings can be replaced with normal-temperature sealing rings.

[0034] In this embodiment, the housing 2 serves as a load-bearing structure and a mounting base for internal components. An inlet channel 23, an outlet channel 24, and a large-opening control channel 25 can be formed on the housing 2. Figures 1-3Taking the structural orientation as an example, the right end face of the inner cavity of the housing 2 is the limiting surface for piston movement and the redundant sealing surface of the third sealing ring 9. In this embodiment, the plug 1 serves as both a pressure-bearing component and a guide for the bearing spring 20 and valve core 19. It is installed on the housing via threads and flanges, and a static seal is achieved between it and the housing via the first sealing gasket 3. The sealing plug 6 is threaded into the inside of the housing 2, and a static seal is achieved between it and the housing 2 via the second sealing gasket 5. The sealing plug 6 is threaded into the inside of the housing 2, and an internal static seal is achieved between it and the housing 2 via the second sealing gasket 5. When the valve is actuated, the sealing plug 6 is used to prevent the first sealing ring 7 from coming out. As a carrier, the second sealing ring 8 and the second retaining ring 17 and the second elastic retaining ring 16 are installed on the cylindrical surface of its inner groove to prevent the second sealing ring 8 from coming out. The bottom of the groove is the limiting surface for the movement of the push rod 18 and the redundant sealing surface of the first sealing ring 7 and the second sealing ring 8. The flange cover 11 is installed on the housing 2 via a flange, and a seal is achieved between it and the housing 2 via the third sealing gasket 10. Piston 13 is a moving component that controls the small opening of valve core 19. A third retaining ring 9, a first elastic retaining ring 14, and a first retaining ring 15 are installed on both sides of its outer cylindrical surface to prevent dislodgement. A plastic sealing layer 30 is bonded to both end faces by heat pressing, serving as a buffer and redundant seal. Push rod 18 is another moving component that controls the small opening of valve core 19. The left end of push rod 18 has a spherical structure and contacts the right end face of valve core 19. The right end face contacts the bottom surface of the groove on the left side of piston 13. A plastic sealing layer 30 is heat-pressed onto the end face between the middle circumference of push rod 18 and the right cylindrical surface, serving as a buffer and redundant seal. A through hole 34 is also provided on the sleeve 33 of push rod 18. A cross groove is provided on the right end face of sleeve 33 to facilitate the smooth entry of control air into sleeve 33. Valve core 19 is an assembly that cuts off and connects the valve inlet and outlet channels. A plastic insert 35 is heat-pressed onto the right side, forming a sealing pair with the valve seat stop of the housing 2. The left side of spring 20 presses against plug 1, and the right side presses against valve core 19, providing force for valve core closure. Valve core 19 forms an inlet cavity between plug 1 and housing 2. The right end face of valve core 19 forms an outlet cavity between housing 2 and the left side of first sealing ring 7. The outlet cavity is formed between large opening control channel 25 on housing 2, the right end of sealing plug 6, and the left side of piston 13. Large opening control channel 25 on housing 2, the right end of sealing plug 6, and the left end of piston 13 form large opening control cavity 27. Small opening control cavity 28 is formed between the right end of piston 13 and the left end of flange cover 11.

[0035] like Figures 1-3 As shown, in this embodiment, a first double-ended stud 4 is connected to the housing, and a second double-ended stud 12 is connected to the flange cover 11. The first double-ended stud 4 and the second double-ended stud 12 are arranged perpendicularly.

[0036] In this embodiment, when assembling the liquid rocket engine dual-opening gas control valve, which includes all the technical features of the above embodiments, the third sealing ring 9 is pressed into both sides of the piston 13, and then the first retaining ring 15 and the first elastic retaining ring 14 are installed to form a piston sealing ring assembly. The second sealing ring 8 is pressed into the grooved cylindrical surface of the sealing plug 6, and then the second retaining ring and the second elastic retaining ring 16 are installed to form a plug sealing ring assembly. The second sealing gasket 5 is placed into the corresponding groove of the housing 2, the first sealing ring 7 is pressed into the corresponding groove of the housing 2, the plug sealing ring assembly is screwed into the housing 2, the push rod and the piston are pressed in from the right side, the third sealing gasket 10 is placed into the corresponding groove of the housing 2, the flange cover 11 is installed, the first sealing gasket 3 is placed into the housing 2, the valve core 19 is placed into the housing 2, the spring 20 is installed, and finally the plug 1 is screwed in.

[0037] Example 5 This embodiment provides a method for operating a dual-opening gas control valve for a liquid rocket engine as described in any of the above embodiments, including: In the assembled state, the valve core 19 is pressed against the valve seat stop of the housing 2 under the action of the spring 20, cutting off the flow channel 31 between the inlet channel 23 and the outlet channel 24. The liquid rocket engine dual-opening gas control valve is in the closed state, the inlet chamber and the outlet chamber are separated, the small opening control chamber 28 and the large opening control chamber 27 are separated by the third plug ring 9, and the large opening control chamber 27 and the outlet chamber are separated by the first plug ring 7 and the second plug ring 8. When the dual-opening pneumatic control valve of the liquid rocket engine moves from the assembled state to the small-opening state, control gas is introduced into the small-opening control channel 26. Under the action of the control gas, the piston 13 moves axially to the left and sequentially drives the push rod 18 and valve core 19 to move axially to the left. The valve core 19 compresses the spring 20 and disengages from the valve seat stop of the housing 2, opening the flow channel 31 between the inlet channel 23 and the outlet channel 24. After the plastic sealing layer 30 on the left side of the piston 13 is pressed against the inner end face of the housing, that is, after abutting against the small-opening limiting structure, the push rod 18 and valve core 19 stop moving, and the valve core 19 opens partly. At this time, the dual-opening pneumatic control valve of the liquid rocket engine is in the small-opening state. At the same time, because the plastic sealing layer 30 on the left side of the piston 13 forms a seal with the limiting step on the inner end face of the housing 2, in addition to the third sealing ring 9 separating the small-opening control chamber and the large-opening control chamber, there is an additional seal to isolate the small-opening control chamber and the large-opening control chamber, forming a redundant seal at the small opening.

[0038] When the dual-opening gas control valve of the liquid rocket engine changes from a small opening state to a large opening state, i.e., when the engine needs to switch to its rated operating condition, control gas is introduced into the large opening control channel 25, and control gas is withdrawn from the small opening control channel 26. Under the action of the control gas on the left side, the piston 13 moves in the opposite direction to the right until the plastic sealing layer 30 on the right side abuts against the inner wall of one end of the assembly cavity, i.e., presses against the left end face of the flange cover. The movement stops, and the plastic sealing layer 30 on the right side of the piston 13 and the flange cover 11 form a redundant seal to isolate the small opening control cavity and the large opening control cavity. Under the action of the control gas on the right side, the push rod 18 drives the valve core 19 to move axially to the left, increasing the opening of the valve core 19. When the plastic sealing layer 30 of the sleeve 33 at one end of the push rod 18 abuts against the side wall of the first closing structure 21 (i.e., the bottom surface of the sealing plug 6), the movement stops, and the valve core is fully opened. At this time, the liquid rocket engine dual-opening gas control valve is in a large-opening state. At the same time, the plastic sealing layer 30 on the push rod 18 and the bottom surface of the sealing plug 6 form a redundant seal, separating the outlet channel and the large-opening control chamber.

[0039] When the liquid rocket engine dual-opening gas control valve moves from the assembled state to the large-opening state, control gas is introduced into the large-opening control channel 25. Under the action of the control gas, the push rod 18 drives the valve core 19 to move axially, and the opening of the valve core 19 increases. When one end of the push rod 18 abuts against one side wall of the first constriction structure 21, it stops moving and the valve core 19 is fully opened. At this time, the liquid rocket engine dual-opening gas control valve is in the large-opening state. When the dual-opening gas control valve of the liquid rocket engine changes from a large opening state to a small opening state, control gas is introduced into the small opening control channel 26, and then the control gas is removed from the large opening control channel 25. Under the action of the spring 20 and the pressure difference of the medium on both sides of the valve core 19 along the axis, the valve core 19 rotates to the small opening state. When the liquid rocket engine dual-opening gas control valve changes from the small opening state to the assembly state, the small opening control channel 26 removes the control gas, and the valve core 19 closes under the action of the spring 20 and the pressure difference of the medium on both sides of the valve core 19 axially. When the dual-opening gas control valve of the liquid rocket engine moves from the large-opening state to the assembled state, the control gas in the large-opening control channel 25 is released, and the valve core 19 closes under the action of the spring 20 and the pressure difference of the medium on both sides of the valve core 19 along the axis.

[0040] This embodiment combines the functions of two valves into one, enabling the engine to start in stages.

[0041] Example 6 This embodiment provides a liquid rocket, including the dual-opening gas control valve for a liquid rocket engine as described above. Other structures of the liquid rocket in this embodiment can adopt commonly used structures in conventional liquid rockets, and the dual-opening gas control valve for the liquid rocket engine can be used on the liquid rocket engine. By employing the aforementioned dual-opening gas control valve, the liquid rocket in this embodiment combines the functions of two valves into one, reducing the risk of medium leakage.

[0042] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0043] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0044] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0045] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0046] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0047] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-opening gas control valve for a liquid rocket engine, characterized in that, The assembly includes an assembly shell, a piston, a push rod, a valve core, and a spring. An assembly cavity is formed within the assembly shell. The valve core, push rod, and piston are sequentially assembled within the assembly cavity along the axial direction of the assembly shell. A first constriction structure is formed in the middle of the assembly cavity. The push rod passes through the first constriction structure in a sealed manner and is axially movable. The valve core and piston are respectively axially slidably assembled on both sides of the first constriction structure. The piston is sealed to the peripheral wall of the assembly cavity and divides the assembly cavity on one side of the first constriction structure into a small-opening control cavity and a large-opening control cavity. One end of the push rod is sealed and slidably connected within the large-opening control cavity. A small-opening limiting structure for limiting the piston stroke is formed within the assembly cavity. The assembly housing has an inlet channel, an outlet channel, a large opening control channel, and a small opening control channel that are respectively connected to the assembly cavity. The small opening control channel is connected to the small opening control cavity, and the large opening control channel is connected to the large opening control cavity. The valve core is elastically abutted against one end of the assembly cavity by a spring. The end of the valve core away from the spring abuts against the other end of the push rod and is used to open or cut off the flow channel between the inlet channel and the outlet channel. The total axial stroke of the push rod is greater than the total axial stroke of the piston.

2. The dual-opening gas control valve for a liquid rocket engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The small opening limiting structure is formed in the assembly cavity on one side of the first closing structure. The small opening limiting structure is a limiting step. The piston is slidably connected to the limiting step on the side away from the first closing structure. One end of the push rod is provided with a sleeve. The sleeve is slidably connected to the step wall of the limiting step. The two ends of the sleeve in the axial direction are respectively limited by abutting against the side wall of the first closing structure and the piston.

3. The dual-opening gas control valve for a liquid rocket engine according to claim 2, characterized in that, A sealing plug is fixed on the step wall of the limiting step, and a first sealing ring for sealing and sliding of the top rod is fixed on the inner wall of the first constriction structure. The sealing plug abuts against one end face of the first sealing ring in the axial direction, and the sleeve is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sealing plug.

4. The dual-opening gas control valve for a liquid rocket engine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The sealing plug also abuts against the side wall of the first closing structure through a first sealing gasket; the inner side wall of the sealing plug is provided with a second sealing ring for the sleeve to slide in a sealing manner.

5. The dual-opening gas control valve for a liquid rocket engine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The piston has a third sealing ring on its outer side wall for self-sealing and sliding.

6. The dual-opening gas control valve for a liquid rocket engine according to claim 2, characterized in that, A plastic sealing layer is provided on each of the two end faces of the piston axially, and a plastic sealing layer is provided on one end face of the sleeve that abuts against the first constriction structure.

7. The dual-opening gas control valve for a liquid rocket engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The assembly cavity of the assembly shell is further provided with a second constriction structure. The other end of the push rod passes through the second constriction structure and forms a flow channel between it and the inner wall of the second constriction structure. The valve core is located on one side of the second constriction structure and opens or blocks the flow channel under the action of the push rod. The inlet channel and the outlet channel are located on both sides of the second constriction structure, respectively. One of the inlet channel and the outlet channel is connected to the flow channel, and the other is connected to the valve core and disconnected from or connected to the flow channel through the valve core.

8. The dual-opening gas control valve for a liquid rocket engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The assembly housing includes a housing, a plug, and a flange cover. An axially penetrating cavity is formed inside the housing. The plug and the flange cover are respectively sealed and fixed at both ends of the housing along the axial direction and together with the housing to form the assembly cavity. The valve core is elastically abutted against the plug by a spring and can slide axially along the sliding hole of the plug. The flange cover is arranged adjacent to the piston, and the flange cover has the small opening control channel. The inlet channel and the outlet channel are respectively located on the side of the first closing structure near the plug.

9. The method of operating the dual-opening gas control valve of the liquid rocket engine as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, include: In the assembled state, the valve core cuts off the flow path between the inlet channel and the outlet channel under the action of the spring, and the liquid rocket engine dual-opening gas control valve is in the closed state; When the dual-opening pneumatic control valve of the liquid rocket engine is switched from the assembled state to the small-opening state, control gas is introduced into the small-opening control channel. Under the action of the control gas, the piston moves axially and drives the push rod and valve core to move axially in sequence. The valve core compresses the spring and opens the flow channel between the inlet channel and the outlet channel. After the piston abuts against the small-opening limit structure, the push rod and valve core stop moving and the valve core opens a part. At this time, the dual-opening pneumatic control valve of the liquid rocket engine is in the small-opening state. When the dual-opening pneumatic control valve of the liquid rocket engine changes from a small opening state to a large opening state, control gas is introduced into the large opening control channel and control gas is withdrawn from the small opening control channel. Under the action of the control gas, the piston moves in the opposite direction until it abuts against the inner wall of one end of the assembly cavity. Under the action of the control gas, the push rod drives the valve core to move axially, and the valve core opening increases. When one end of the push rod abuts against the side wall of the first constriction structure, it stops moving and the valve core is fully opened. At this time, the dual-opening pneumatic control valve of the liquid rocket engine is in the large opening state. When the liquid rocket engine dual-opening pneumatic control valve moves from the assembled state to the large-opening state, control gas is introduced into the large-opening control channel. Under the action of the control gas, the push rod drives the valve core to move axially, and the valve core opening increases. When one end of the push rod abuts against one side wall of the first constriction structure, it stops moving and the valve core is fully opened. At this time, the liquid rocket engine dual-opening pneumatic control valve is in the large-opening state. When the dual-opening pneumatic control valve of the liquid rocket engine changes from a large opening state to a small opening state, control gas is introduced into the small opening control channel, and then the control gas is removed from the large opening control channel. Under the action of the spring and the pressure difference of the medium on both sides of the valve core along the axis, the valve core rotates to the small opening state. When the dual-opening gas control valve of the liquid rocket engine is switched from the small-opening state to the assembled state, the control gas is removed from the small-opening control channel, and the valve core is closed under the action of the spring and the pressure difference of the medium on both sides of the valve core axially. When the dual-opening gas control valve of the liquid rocket engine is switched from the large opening state to the assembly state, the control gas in the large opening control channel is removed, and the valve core is closed under the action of the spring and the pressure difference of the medium on both sides of the valve core axially.

10. A liquid-fueled rocket, characterized in that, Includes the dual-opening gas control valve for liquid rocket engines as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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