Compact mechanical power closed gear transmission system performance test bench

Abstract

The invention discloses a compact mechanical power closed gear transmission system performance test bench, and belongs to the field of gear transmission system performance parameter testing. The driving motor is connected with one end of the motor-end diaphragm coupling, the other end of the motor-end diaphragm coupling is connected with one end of the torque measuring instrument, the other end of the torque measuring instrument is connected with one end of a large gear of the accompanying gearbox, the rotating speed sensor is used for measuring the rotating speed of the driving motor, and the torque measuring instrument is used for measuring the input torque of the driving motor. The other end of the accompanying test gearbox bull gear is connected with a test gearbox bull gear through a low-speed diaphragm coupling, and a test gearbox pinion is connected with one end of a torsion shaft through a high-speed diaphragm coupling; a pinion of the accompanying gear box is connected with a stator of the hydraulic loading device through a loading device outer side gear coupling, and a rotor of the hydraulic loading device is connected with the other end of the torsion shaft through a loading device inner side gear coupling; and the loading device supporting seat is connected with the hydraulic loading device stator. And the structure is optimized. The device is used for testing the gear transmission system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a compact mechanical power enclosed gear transmission system performance test bench, belonging to the field of gear transmission system performance parameter testing. Background Technology

[0002] Gear transmission system test benches can be divided into two main types based on their power transmission methods: power-enclosed and power-open. Power-enclosed test benches can be further divided into mechanical power-enclosed test benches and electric power-enclosed test benches. Among these, mechanical power-enclosed test benches are widely used for gear transmission system performance testing due to their advantages such as simple structure, high efficiency, low construction cost, and convenient maintenance. Within mechanical power-enclosed test benches, different loading methods can be used, including mechanical loading and hydraulic loading. Mechanical loading is gradually being replaced by hydraulic loading due to its complex structure, large size, and small loading range. Hydraulic loading, on the other hand, is increasingly being adopted by test benches due to its precise control, compact structure, and wide loading torque range. In mechanical power closed hydraulic loading gear test benches, the arrangement of the hydraulic loading device can be divided into intermediate type and side-mounted type. In the intermediate type arrangement, the hydraulic loading device is located between the test device and the auxiliary test device, and the two ends of the hydraulic loading device are connected to the test device and the auxiliary test device through couplings. Its advantage is simple installation structure, but its disadvantage is that the test bench size is relatively large and the system stability is poor. In the side-mounted type arrangement, the hydraulic loading device is located on one side of the test device or the auxiliary test device. Its advantages are compact structure and stable system operation, but its disadvantages are high requirements for shaft alignment and complex installation structure. Any small alignment error will generate additional bending moment and radial force, which will not only lead to inaccurate torque measurement, but also accelerate the wear of bearings, seals and couplings, and generate vibration and noise.

[0003] In summary, mechanical power closed hydraulic loading test benches are increasingly used in the performance research of gear transmission systems. However, current mechanical power closed hydraulic loading test benches for gear transmission systems generally suffer from technical problems such as excessively large test bench size, poor system stability, complex installation structure, and high requirements for shaft alignment. These problems lead to inaccurate performance test data for gear transmission systems, which in turn affect the optimized design of gear transmission systems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention addresses the common technical problems of current mechanical power closed-loop gear transmission system performance test benches, such as excessively large test bench size, poor system stability, complex installation structure, and high requirements for shaft alignment. It proposes a compact mechanical power closed-loop gear transmission system performance test bench, comprising a drive motor, a motor-end diaphragm coupling, a speed sensor, a torque meter, a test gearbox, a low-speed diaphragm coupling, a test gearbox, a high-speed diaphragm coupling, a torque shaft, an outer gear coupling of the loading device, an inner gear coupling of the loading device, a hydraulic loading device, and a loading device support base. The drive motor is connected to one end of the motor-end diaphragm coupling, and the other end of the motor-end diaphragm coupling is connected to the torque meter. One end of the instrument is connected to the torque meter, and the other end of the torque meter is connected to one end of the large gear of the test gearbox. The speed sensor is installed on the upper outer circle of the other end of the diaphragm coupling at the motor end. The speed sensor is used to measure the speed of the drive motor, and the torque meter is used to measure the input torque of the drive motor. The other end of the large gear of the test gearbox is connected to the large gear of the test gearbox through a low-speed diaphragm coupling. The small gear of the test gearbox is connected to one end of the torque shaft through a high-speed diaphragm coupling. The small gear of the test gearbox is connected to the stator of the hydraulic loading device through an outer gear coupling of the loading device. The rotor of the hydraulic loading device is connected to the other end of the torque shaft through an inner gear coupling of the loading device. The loading device support is connected to the stator of the hydraulic loading device.

[0005] As another improvement of the present invention, the outer gear coupling of the loading device is a drum-shaped gear coupling.

[0006] As another improvement of the present invention, the external gear coupling of the loading device includes a first coupling external tooth, a second coupling external tooth, a first coupling internal tooth and a first positioning retaining ring;

[0007] The first external gear and the second external gear of the coupling are located at the two ends of the first internal gear of the coupling, respectively. The first internal gear of the coupling is located on the outer side of the outer gear coupling of the loading device. The first positioning retaining ring is arranged at the ends of the first external gear and the second external gear of the coupling.

[0008] As another improvement of the present invention, the external gear coupling of the loading device further includes a first fastening screw and a second fastening screw. The external gear coupling of the loading device is connected to the test gearbox through the first fastening screw, and the external gear coupling of the loading device is connected to the hydraulic loading device through the second fastening screw.

[0009] As another improvement of the present invention, the gear coupling inside the loading device is a drum-shaped gear coupling.

[0010] As another improvement of the present invention, the inner gear coupling of the loading device includes a third coupling external tooth, a fourth coupling external tooth, a second coupling internal tooth, and a second positioning retaining ring.

[0011] The external teeth of the third and fourth couplings are located at both ends of the inner gear coupling of the loading device, the internal teeth of the second coupling are located on the outside of the inner gear coupling of the loading device, and the second positioning retaining ring is arranged at the ends of the external teeth of the third and fourth couplings.

[0012] As another improvement of the present invention, a self-aligning ball bearing is installed inside the support of the loading device.

[0013] As another improvement of the present invention, the loading device support includes a sealing ring, a first positioning ring, a housing, a self-aligning ball bearing, a clamping ring, a second positioning ring, a fastening screw, a clamping end cap, and a fastening bolt.

[0014] The housing is located on the outer side of the loading device support. The sealing ring, the first positioning ring, the self-aligning ball bearing, the clamping ring, and the second positioning ring are arranged sequentially from left to right. The loading device support is connected to the stator of the hydraulic loading device by fastening screws. A clamping end cover is installed at the right end of the loading device support, and fastening bolts are installed on the outside of the clamping end cover.

[0015] As another improvement of the present invention, the torque shaft passes through the small gear of the test gearbox, one end of the torque shaft is connected to the high-speed diaphragm coupling, and the other end of the torque shaft is connected to the rotor of the hydraulic loading device.

[0016] As another improvement of the present invention, the compensation power during the operation of the test bench can be calculated by measuring the values ​​of the torque meter and the speed sensor, and then the operating efficiency of the test bench can be obtained.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0018] This invention effectively improves the working efficiency of the testing system. It employs a hydraulic loading device, ensuring the continuity, stability, and accuracy of the loading process. Furthermore, the hydraulic loading device is located outside the mechanically enclosed system, facilitating its disassembly without imposing additional load on the mechanical system. The test gearbox uses an assembly structure for easy replacement of test gears. To compensate for shaft alignment errors between devices, diaphragm couplings and gear-type couplings are used for connecting elements. The test bench can be used for performance testing of gear transmission systems, mainly including optimization of gear transmission system structure, optimization of gear macro and micro parameters, optimization of vibration and noise reduction methods, and optimization of raw material selection. This test bench has a reliable and reasonable structural design, reducing test bench size, improving system stability, simplifying complex installation structures, and improving shaft alignment accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a performance test bench for a compact mechanical power enclosed gear transmission system according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of a performance test bench for a compact mechanical power enclosed gear transmission system according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the external gear coupling of the loading device.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal gear coupling of the loading device.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of the support base for the loading device. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Specific implementation method one: Combining Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment describes a compact mechanical power closed gear transmission system performance test bench, which includes a drive motor 12, a motor end diaphragm coupling 9, a speed sensor 8, a torque meter 7, a test gearbox 5, a low-speed diaphragm coupling 2, a test gearbox 1, a high-speed diaphragm coupling 3, a torque shaft 4, an outer gear coupling 6 for the loading device, an inner gear coupling 10 for the loading device, a hydraulic loading device 11, and a loading device support base 13. The drive motor 12 is connected to one end of the motor end diaphragm coupling 9, the other end of the motor end diaphragm coupling 9 is connected to one end of the torque meter 7, and the other end of the torque meter 7 is connected to one end of the large gear of the test gearbox 5. The speed sensor 8 is mounted on... On the outer circumference of the other end of the diaphragm coupling 9 at the motor end, the speed sensor 8 is used to measure the speed of the drive motor 12, and the torque meter 7 is used to measure the input torque of the drive motor 12. The other end of the large gear of the test gearbox 5 is connected to the large gear of the test gearbox 1 through the low-speed diaphragm coupling 2. The small gear of the test gearbox 1 is connected to one end of the torque shaft 4 through the high-speed diaphragm coupling 3. The small gear of the test gearbox 5 is connected to the stator of the hydraulic loading device 11 through the outer gear coupling 6 of the loading device. The rotor of the hydraulic loading device 11 is connected to the other end of the torque shaft 4 through the inner gear coupling 10 of the loading device. The loading device support 13 is connected to the stator of the hydraulic loading device 11.

[0026] During loading, energy is converted into potential energy of the torsion shaft 4 and stored. During the test, the torsional deformation of the torsion shaft 4 generates power much greater than that of the drive motor 11. The output power of the drive motor 11 is mainly used to overcome the friction loss of the test bench. The power generated by the torsion shaft 4 can circulate continuously in the test bench and is basically not consumed. The torsion shaft 4 passes through the middle of the pinion of the test gearbox 5 and is connected at both ends to the high-speed diaphragm coupling 3 and the gear coupling 6 on the outside of the loading device, respectively. In order to improve the running stability of the torsion shaft 4, needle roller bearings are added to both ends of the torsion shaft 4 for support and to play a radial positioning role.

[0027] The design of the test bench requires addressing the connection issue of the side-mounted hydraulic loading device 11. In this invention, an outer gear coupling 6 is used to connect the stator of the hydraulic loading device 11 to the pinion of the accompanying gearbox 5, while an inner gear coupling 10 is used to connect the rotor of the hydraulic loading device 11 to the torque shaft 4. Both the outer gear coupling 6 and the inner gear coupling 10 have good axial, radial, and angular misalignment compensation capabilities, contributing to the stable operation of the hydraulic loading device 11. To reduce the impact of misalignment in the test bench system, rigid diaphragm couplings are used for the motor end diaphragm coupling 9, the low-speed diaphragm coupling 2, and the high-speed diaphragm coupling 3 in the test bench design.

[0028] This test bench can be used to conduct performance tests on gear transmission systems, including structural optimization, macro- and micro-parameter optimization, vibration and noise reduction methods optimization, and raw material selection optimization. Various sensors installed in the test gearbox 1 can collect and analyze test data on gear meshing patterns, transmission errors, bearing dynamic forces, and vibration characteristics. This effectively verifies the impact of changes in macro- and micro-parameters on the dynamic performance of the gear transmission system, providing reference data for further optimization of the gear transmission system's performance.

[0029] The operating efficiency of the test bench can be obtained by converting the measurement data of the torque meter 7 and the speed sensor 8. During the stable operation of the test bench, the input power of the drive motor 12 only plays the role of supplementing the power loss due to friction in the mechanical enclosure system. The input power P1 of the drive motor 12 can be calculated by the torque T measured by the torque meter 7 and the speed n measured by the speed sensor 8 according to the formula P1=T·n / 9550. The closed power of the system during stable operation is P. According to the analysis, the system power loss is equal to the input power P1 of the drive motor 12. Therefore, the system efficiency can be calculated by the formula η=(P- P1) / P·100%.

[0030] Specific Implementation Method Two: Combining Figures 1 to 5This embodiment differs from Specific Embodiment 1 in that the outer gear coupling 6 of the loading device is a drum-shaped gear coupling. The drum-shaped gear coupling connects the pinion of the test gearbox 5 to the stator of the hydraulic loading device 11, providing strong axial, radial, and angular compensation capabilities. Other components and connection methods are the same as in Specific Embodiment 1.

[0031] Specific implementation method three: Combining Figure 3 This embodiment differs from specific embodiment one in that the external gear coupling 6 of the loading device includes a first coupling external gear 6-1, a second coupling external gear 6-3, a first coupling internal gear 6-2, and a first positioning retaining ring 6-4.

[0032] The first external gear 6-1 and the second external gear 6-3 of the coupling are located at the two ends of the first internal gear 6-2 of the coupling, respectively. The first internal gear 6-2 of the coupling is located on the outer side of the gear coupling 6 outside the loading device. The first positioning retaining ring 6-4 is arranged at the ends of the first external gear 6-1 and the second external gear 6-3 of the coupling. This structure has strong axial, radial, and angular compensation capabilities. Other components and connection methods are the same as in specific embodiments one or two.

[0033] Specific implementation method four: Combination Figure 3 This embodiment differs from specific embodiment one in that the external gear coupling 6 of the loading device further includes a first fastening screw 6-5 and a second fastening screw 6-6. The external gear coupling 6 of the loading device is connected to the test gearbox 5 via the first fastening screw 6-5, and is connected to the hydraulic loading device 11 via the second fastening screw 6-6. Other components and connection methods are the same as in any one of specific embodiments one to three.

[0034] Specific Implementation Method Five: Combining Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment differs from specific embodiment one in that the internal gear coupling 10 of the loading device is a drum-shaped gear coupling. The drum-shaped gear coupling connects the torque shaft 4 to the rotor of the hydraulic loading device 11, providing strong axial, radial, and angular compensation capabilities. Other components and connection methods are the same as in any one of specific embodiments one through four.

[0035] Specific Implementation Method Six: Combination Figure 4 This embodiment differs from specific embodiment one in that the inner gear coupling 10 of the loading device includes a third coupling external gear 10-1, a fourth coupling external gear 10-3, a second coupling internal gear 10-2, and a second positioning retaining ring 10-4.

[0036] The third external gear 10-1 and the fourth external gear 10-3 are located at both ends of the inner gear coupling 10 of the loading device, respectively. The second internal gear 10-2 is located on the outside of the inner gear coupling 10 of the loading device. The second locating retaining ring 10-4 is arranged at the ends of the third external gear 10-1 and the fourth external gear 10-3. This structure has strong axial, radial, and angular compensation capabilities. Other components and connection methods are the same as any one of specific embodiments one to five.

[0037] Specific implementation method seven: Combination Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment differs from specific embodiment one in that a self-aligning ball bearing 13-4 is installed inside the loading device support 13. This design compensates for alignment errors. Other components and connection methods are the same as in any one of specific embodiments one through six.

[0038] Specific implementation method eight: Combination Figure 5 This embodiment differs from specific embodiment one in that the loading device support base 13 includes a sealing ring 13-1, a first positioning ring 13-2, a housing 13-3, a self-aligning ball bearing 13-4, a clamping ring 13-5, a second positioning ring 13-6, a fastening screw 13-7, a clamping end cap 13-8, and a fastening bolt 13-9.

[0039] The housing 13-3 is located on the outer side of the loading device support 13. The sealing ring 13-1, the first positioning ring 13-2, the self-aligning ball bearing 13-4, the clamping ring 13-5, and the second positioning ring 13-6 are arranged sequentially from left to right. The loading device support 13 is connected to the stator of the hydraulic loading device 11 via fastening screws 13-7. A clamping end cap 13-8 is installed at the right end of the loading device support 13, and fastening bolts 13-9 are installed on the outer side of the clamping end cap 13-8. The self-aligning ball bearing 13-4 is connected to the stator of the hydraulic loading device 11, and its function is to provide auxiliary support for the hydraulic loading device 11 and compensate for alignment errors. Other components and connection methods are the same as in any one of the specific embodiments one to seven.

[0040] Specific Implementation Method Nine: Combining Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment differs from specific embodiment one in that the torque shaft 4 passes through the small gear of the test gearbox 5. One end of the torque shaft 4 is connected to the high-speed diaphragm coupling 3, and the other end is connected to the rotor of the hydraulic loading device 11. Through the connection of the torque shaft 4, the power of this test bench is sealed. Other components and connection methods are the same as any one of specific embodiments one to eight.

[0041] Specific Implementation Method Ten: Combining Figures 1 to 5This embodiment differs from specific embodiment one in that the compensation power during the test bench operation can be calculated using the values ​​measured by the torque meter 7 and the speed sensor 8, thereby obtaining the test bench operating efficiency. Other components and connection methods are the same as any one of specific embodiments one through nine.

[0042] Combination Figures 1 to 5 Explanation of the working principle of this invention:

[0043] This test bench can be used to conduct performance tests on gear transmission systems, including structural optimization, macro- and micro-parameter optimization, vibration and noise reduction methods optimization, and raw material selection optimization. Various sensors installed in the test gearbox 1 can collect and analyze test data on gear meshing patterns, transmission errors, bearing dynamic forces, and vibration characteristics. This effectively verifies the impact of changes in macro- and micro-parameters on the dynamic performance of the gear transmission system, providing reference data for further optimization of the gear transmission system's performance.

[0044] The operating efficiency of the test bench can be obtained by converting the measurement data of the torque meter 7 and the speed sensor 8. During the stable operation of the test bench, the input power of the drive motor 12 only plays the role of supplementing the power loss due to friction in the mechanical enclosure system. The input power P1 of the drive motor 12 can be calculated by the torque T measured by the torque meter 7 and the speed n measured by the speed sensor 8 according to the formula P1=T·n / 9550. The closed power of the system during stable operation is P. According to the analysis, the system power loss is equal to the input power P1 of the drive motor 12. Therefore, the system efficiency can be calculated by the formula η=(P- P1) / P·100%.

[0045] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compact mechanical power enclosed gear transmission system performance test bench, characterized in that... It includes a drive motor (12), a motor end diaphragm coupling (9), a speed sensor (8), a torque meter (7), a test gearbox (5), a low-speed diaphragm coupling (2), a test gearbox (1), a high-speed diaphragm coupling (3), a torque shaft (4), an outer gear coupling of the loading device (6), an inner gear coupling of the loading device (10), a hydraulic loading device (11), and a loading device support base (13). The drive motor (12) is connected to one end of the motor end diaphragm coupling (9), and the other end of the motor end diaphragm coupling (9) is connected to one end of the torque meter (7). The other end of the torque meter (7) is connected to one end of the large gear of the test gearbox (5). The speed sensor (8) is installed at the other end of the motor end diaphragm coupling (9). On the upper side of the outer circle, the speed sensor (8) is used to measure the speed of the drive motor (12), and the torque meter (7) is used to measure the input torque of the drive motor (12). The other end of the large gear of the test gearbox (5) is connected to the large gear of the test gearbox (1) through the low-speed diaphragm coupling (2). The small gear of the test gearbox (1) is connected to one end of the torque shaft (4) through the high-speed diaphragm coupling (3). The small gear of the test gearbox (5) is connected to the stator of the hydraulic loading device (11) through the outer gear coupling (6) of the loading device. The rotor of the hydraulic loading device (11) is connected to the other end of the torque shaft (4) through the inner gear coupling (10) of the loading device. The loading device support seat (13) is connected to the stator of the hydraulic loading device (11).

2. The compact mechanical power enclosed gear transmission system performance test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gear coupling (6) on the outside of the loading device is a drum-shaped gear coupling.

3. The compact mechanical power enclosed gear transmission system performance test bench according to claim 2, characterized in that, The external gear coupling (6) of the loading device includes a first coupling external gear (6-1), a second coupling external gear (6-3), a first coupling internal gear (6-2), and a first positioning retaining ring (6-4). The first coupling external teeth (6-1) and the second coupling external teeth (6-3) are located at the two ends of the first coupling internal teeth (6-2), respectively. The first coupling internal teeth (6-2) are located on the outer side of the outer gear coupling (6) of the loading device. The first positioning retaining ring (6-4) is arranged at the ends of the first coupling external teeth (6-1) and the second coupling external teeth (6-3).

4. The compact mechanical power enclosed gear transmission system performance test bench according to claim 3, characterized in that, The external gear coupling (6) of the loading device also includes a first fastening screw (6-5) and a second fastening screw (6-6). The external gear coupling (6) of the loading device is connected to the test gearbox (5) through the first fastening screw (6-5), and the external gear coupling (6) of the loading device is connected to the hydraulic loading device (11) through the second fastening screw (6-6).

5. A performance test bench for a compact mechanical power enclosed gear transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner gear coupling (10) of the loading device is a drum-shaped gear coupling.

6. A compact mechanical power enclosed gear transmission system performance test bench according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inner gear coupling (10) of the loading device includes a third coupling external gear (10-1), a fourth coupling external gear (10-3), a second coupling internal gear (10-2), and a second positioning retaining ring (10-4). The third coupling external teeth (10-1) and the fourth coupling external teeth (10-3) are located at both ends of the inner gear coupling (10) of the loading device, respectively. The second coupling internal teeth (10-2) are located on the outside of the inner gear coupling (10) of the loading device. The second positioning retaining ring (10-4) is arranged at the ends of the third coupling external teeth (10-1) and the fourth coupling external teeth (10-3).

7. A compact mechanical power enclosed gear transmission system performance test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that, A self-aligning ball bearing (13-4) is installed inside the loading device support (13).

8. A compact mechanical power enclosed gear transmission system performance test bench according to claim 7, characterized in that, The loading device support base (13) includes a sealing ring (13-1), a first positioning ring (13-2), a housing (13-3), a self-aligning ball bearing (13-4), a clamping ring (13-5), a second positioning ring (13-6), a fastening screw (13-7), a clamping end cap (13-8), and a fastening bolt (13-9). The housing (13-3) is located on the outer side of the loading device support (13). The sealing ring (13-1), the first positioning ring (13-2), the self-aligning ball bearing (13-4), the clamping ring (13-5), and the second positioning ring (13-6) are arranged from left to right. The loading device support (13) is connected to the stator of the hydraulic loading device (11) by fastening screws (13-7). A clamping end cover (13-8) is installed at the right end of the loading device support (13). Fastening bolts (13-9) are installed on the outside of the clamping end cover (13-8).

9. A compact mechanical power enclosed gear transmission system performance test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that, The torsion shaft (4) passes through the small gear of the test gearbox (5). One end of the torsion shaft (4) is connected to the high-speed diaphragm coupling (3), and the other end of the torsion shaft (4) is connected to the rotor of the hydraulic loading device (11).

10. A compact mechanical power enclosed gear transmission system performance test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compensation power during the test bench operation can be calculated by measuring the values ​​obtained by the torque meter (7) and the speed sensor (8), and then the operating efficiency of the test bench can be obtained.

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