Preparation method of lunar soil simulation with controllable components based on thermal phase change

Abstract

The application discloses a component-controllable simulated moon soil preparation method based on thermal phase change and belongs to the technical field of moon soil simulation material preparation.The application realizes controllable adjustment of the content of main mineral phases (plagioclase, pyroxene, olivine and amorphous phase) through thermal melting and crystallization processes, and determines the mixing ratio in combination with a nonlinear programming model, so that the simulated moon soil is highly similar to the target moon soil in terms of mineral phase composition, microstructure, optical performance and thermal performance.The method provides a high-fidelity simulation material with adjustable components for the ground experiment of ISRU technology (such as sintering, metallurgy and in-situ 3D printing), and solves the problem that the traditional simulation material preparation method cannot perform fine component factor test design in the related technical research process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lunar soil simulation technology, and in particular to a method for preparing simulated lunar soil by controlling the mineral phase composition through thermal melting and crystallization treatment, for ground experiments and verification of lunar in-situ resource utilization (ISRU) technology. Background Technology

[0002] Lunar soil is a key object of space technology research, especially in lunar exploration and in-situ resource utilization (ISRU) technologies. The physicochemical properties of lunar soil directly affect the feasibility of ISRU technologies, including oxygen extraction, water ice utilization, melting / sintering molding, and metallurgical processing. However, natural lunar soil samples are extremely limited (obtained only through missions such as Apollo, Luna, and Chang'e), and their use is strictly restricted, failing to meet the needs of large-scale ground experiments. Therefore, developing high-fidelity simulated lunar soil is an important prerequisite for ISRU technology research. Furthermore, the implementation path of ISRU technologies often involves high temperatures and phase transition processes, accompanied by complex physicochemical changes. Differences in subtle components and the influence of the chemical environment are crucial factors that cannot be ignored in conducting ground-based verification studies of related technologies. Gradient design of the composition of simulated raw materials is an important prerequisite for in-depth research on related ISRU technologies.

[0003] Existing simulated lunar soils are mostly made from terrestrial volcanic rocks (such as basalt and nodalite) through mechanical crushing and mixing. For example, NU-LHT-2M and LMS-1 simulate lunar mare soils, characterized by low titanium content and a higher proportion of pyroxene phase than plagioclase phase; JSC-1A, CAS-1, and LHS-1 simulate highland soils, with plagioclase as the main phase. These simulated materials match well in terms of apparent properties (such as particle size and density) and mechanical properties. However, when used in ISRU (Intense Semi-Rotary Resin) research involving high-temperature chemical reactions and phase transitions, the inability to precisely control the mineral phase composition can lead to significant differences in chemical behavior and thermodynamic properties compared to real lunar soils.

[0004] The main shortcomings of existing simulated lunar soil preparation technologies are:

[0005] 1. Insufficient mineral phase control methods: Mechanical mixing methods cannot independently and precisely control the relative content of major phases such as feldspar, pyroxene, olivine, and amorphous phases. The natural associated structures and material states of mineral phases cannot be reproduced, affecting the simulation of thermal properties and thermodynamic behavior of the simulated material during high-temperature processing.

[0006] 2. Disconnect between chemical composition and structure: Some methods modify the simulated material by adjusting the chemical element fractions, but only consider the apparent chemical composition and ignore the key influence of mineral phase and material structure on thermodynamic behavior.

[0007] 3. High dependence on raw materials: Existing simulants mostly rely on the mixing of volcanic rocks from different sources, resulting in large variations in raw materials, poor batch consistency, and the inability to achieve programmable design of mineral phase components.

[0008] Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for a method to simulate lunar soil that can precisely control the mineral phase composition through essential physicochemical processes, starting from the mechanism of material formation.

[0009] Crystallization heat treatment of amorphous basalt glass is a practical method for controlling the mineral phase composition of simulated lunar regolith. Experimental mineralogical studies have shown that heat treatment of undercooled amorphous basalt melt can predictably precipitate target mineral phases such as plagioclase and pyroxene. The clear correlation between this heat treatment process and changes in the microstructure of basalt material provides a reliable engineering basis for customizing simulated lunar regolith with specific mineral phase contents. Therefore, developing a compositionally controllable gradient formulation method for simulated lunar regolith, utilizing the inherent thermodynamic properties of both lunar regolith material and basalt melt, is feasible. Summary of the Invention

[0010] To overcome the shortcomings of existing mechanical mixing methods in mineral phase control, this invention provides a component-controllable simulated lunar regolith preparation method based on thermo-induced phase change. This method achieves controllable adjustment of the content of major mineral phases (plagioclase, pyroxene, olivine, and amorphous phases) through thermo-induced melting and crystallization processes, and optimizes the mixing ratio by combining a nonlinear programming model. This makes the simulated lunar regolith highly realistic in terms of mineral phase composition, microstructure, optical properties, and thermal properties, providing a simulated material with "programmable" components and realistic thermophysical properties for ground experiments of ISRU technology.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0012] A method for preparing lunar soil with controllable composition simulation based on thermally induced phase change, the method comprising the following steps:

[0013] (1) Screening of raw basalt materials;

[0014] (2) Melt the original basalt raw material to form a melt;

[0015] (3) Quench the melt to amorphize it, and obtain amorphous raw material;

[0016] (4) Heat treatment is performed on the amorphous raw material to induce crystallization at a specific temperature and time to obtain heat-treated products with different mineral phase compositions; the heat-treated products include heat-treated materials containing pyroxene phase and amorphous phase, heat-treated materials containing pyroxene phase, plagioclase phase, olivine phase and amorphous phase and amorphous heat-treated materials.

[0017] (5) Crush the original basalt raw material, amorphous raw material and heat treatment product into powder that meets the required particle size distribution;

[0018] (6) The mixing ratio of raw basalt, amorphous raw material, and heat-treated product is calculated based on a nonlinear programming model to ensure that the mineral phase content of the final simulated lunar soil matches the target lunar soil. The nonlinear programming model takes maximizing the amount of raw basalt as the objective function while constraining the error of mineral phase content. The model formula is as follows:

[0019] Objective function:

[0020]

[0021] Constraints:

[0022]

[0023]

[0024]

[0025]

[0026] Among them, subscript The subscript indicates the heat treatment process sequence with different heat treatment material numbers. The sequence represents the four target mineral phases. This refers to the mass ratio of the original basalt raw material. To simulate the first Phase content, For the target lunar soil Phase content, This represents the expected value of the total component error between the simulated material and the actual soil target phase content. For single-phase tolerance, For the first The proportion of precipitated material obtained through heat treatment in the medium-process method; in summary, this allows for maximum control over the amount of raw basalt used, while simultaneously minimizing the error and summation between the contents of the four main phases and their corresponding phase contents in the target lunar regolith. The latter, as an internal penalty function, together with the amount of raw basalt used, constitutes the augmented objective function.

[0027] Crystallization heat treatment execution: Input the phase content information of each component (RBM, amorphous quenching material, and crystallization heat treatment material) and the target lunar regolith into the nonlinear programming model, and solve the nonlinear model to obtain the calculation results of the application dosage of each component. Based on the calculation results, determine the specific crystallization heat treatment regime to be executed, and obtain the corresponding crystallization heat treatment material and the proportion of each component.

[0028] (7) Mix according to the calculated mixing ratio to obtain simulated lunar soil with controlled composition and mineral phase content matching the target lunar soil.

[0029] Furthermore, in step (1), the original basalt raw material is tholeiitic basalt or high-alumina basalt; the silicon content should be controlled within the range of 40% to 52%. Its chemical composition (such as SiO2 and Al2O3 content) is similar to that of lunar soil, and its thermally induced crystallization behavior is controllable. The raw material should meet the compatibility requirements with the chemical composition of the target lunar soil to ensure the feasibility of mineral phase formation during heat treatment.

[0030] Further, step (2) specifically involves placing the raw basalt material (RBM) in a high-temperature furnace and holding it at 1400-1500°C for 1-2 hours under an inert atmosphere (such as argon) to fully melt it and form a homogeneous melt. This step aims to eliminate organic impurities and volatiles in the raw material and achieve complete vitrification.

[0031] Further, in step (3), the quenching step achieves amorphization through water quenching or liquid nitrogen cooling (temperature not exceeding room temperature). Specifically, the molten RBM is rapidly introduced into a cooling container such as a water tank or liquid nitrogen tank for quenching, allowing it to cool quickly and become completely amorphous, resulting in an amorphous quenched material. After quenching, vacuum drying is performed to remove residual cooling medium. Quenching not only achieves amorphization but also introduces microcracks and defects, reducing the activation energy for subsequent crystallization and providing nucleation sites, facilitating mechanical breakage.

[0032] Furthermore, in step (4), the heat treatment step is carried out under an inert atmosphere (argon), and the heat treatment temperature includes the first crystallization temperature T. c1 The main crystallization products are pyroxene phase and the second crystallization temperature is T. c2 The main precipitate is a plagioclase-pyroxene composite phase, with a small amount of olivine as an associated element; among which T c1 The temperature is 800~900℃, T c2 The temperature range is 1000~1100℃. The actual temperature should be determined based on the DSC test curve, depending on the selected basalt raw material. The heat treatment time is 0.5~4 hours.

[0033] Heat treatment regime determination: Based on DSC test curves, determine the first and second crystallization temperatures, such as the first crystallization temperature T. c1 (Approximately 870℃) and the second crystallization temperature T c2 (Approximately 1050℃). Based on actual needs, within an interval of 0.5 to 4 hours, with a increment of no less than 0.5 hours, and a total of no less than 4 set heat treatment durations, water-quenched basalt samples were subjected to heat treatment tests at the first and second crystallization temperatures at the corresponding heat treatment durations to quantitatively test the content of each target phase under different crystallization heat treatment regimes.

[0034] Furthermore, in step (5), the original basalt raw material, amorphous raw material and heat treatment product are crushed into powder by mechanical impact (to be determined separately according to the mechanical properties of the simulated material).

[0035] The advantages of this invention over the prior art are as follows: the simulated lunar soil prepared by the method of this invention exhibits a high degree of matching with the target lunar soil in terms of mineral phase composition, microstructure, optical properties, and thermal properties. Specific effects are as follows:

[0036] (1) Precise matching of mineral phase composition: XRD quantitative analysis showed that the relative contents of plagioclase, pyroxene, olivine and amorphous phase in the simulated lunar soil were controlled within the tolerance range (1.5~2.5 wt.%) compared with the target lunar soil (such as Apollo 67701, CE5C0600), realizing the quantitative control of mineral phase composition.

[0037] (2) Microstructure simulation: SEM observation shows that the mineral phases in the simulated lunar soil exhibit a natural associated structure, consistent with the occurrence state of real lunar soil. Structural analysis confirms that the polymerization state of the silicate network can be accurately "repaired" through heat treatment, restoring the ratio of bridging oxygen (BO) to non-bridging oxygen (NBO) from the depolymerization state of water-quenched glass to a degree of polymerization close to that of the original basalt.

[0038] (3) Good spectral simulation: Reflectance spectral analysis shows that the spectral shape and absorption characteristics of the simulated lunar soil are highly similar to those of the target lunar soil, and the Spearman rank correlation coefficient ( The Pearson correlation coefficient (R) ranged from 0.963 to 0.998, and remained at a high level. Within the 200–2500 nm range, the difference in solar spectral absorbance was less than 4%.

[0039] (4) Improved thermal simulation: The DSC curve shows that the difference between the melting temperature of the simulated lunar soil and the real lunar soil has been significantly reduced from 50~60 K in the original raw material to about 15 K. The melting peak shape is also closer to the real lunar soil, and the thermal behavior simulation is greatly improved.

[0040] (5) High engineering application value: This method provides high-fidelity simulation materials with adjustable components for ground experiments of ISRU technology (such as sintering, metallurgy, and in-situ 3D printing), solving the problem that the simulation materials cannot meet the requirements of the experimental design of component factors in the research process of related technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall process for preparing simulated lunar soil with component control, showing the main process steps such as melting, quenching, heat treatment and mixing.

[0042] Figure 2The DSC curve for the amorphous quenched material shows the characteristic crystallization temperature of the basalt-type RBM used.

[0043] Figure 3 For comparison of XRD patterns of crystallization heat treatment, the mineral phase composition of the original RBM, heat treatment products and simulated lunar soil is shown.

[0044] Figure 4 This study examines the changes in the target phase composition of heat-treated materials under different heat treatment regimes, demonstrating the influence of heat treatment parameters on the composition of heat-treated materials.

[0045] Figure 5 To compare SEM images of the heat-treated product and the simulated lunar soil, (a) quenched sample, (b) T c1 Heat-treated products, (c)T c2 Heat-treated product, (d) simulated lunar soil particles.

[0046] Figure 6 The image shows a comparison of the reflectance spectrum curves of the simulated lunar soil, illustrating the optical matching degree between the simulated lunar soil and the target lunar soil.

[0047] Figure 7 The DSC curves of the simulated lunar soil were compared to show the similarity of the thermal behavior between the simulated lunar soil and the target lunar soil. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but it is not limited thereto. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions to the technical solution of the present invention that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0049] The core of this invention lies in the engineering modification of a single terrestrial basalt raw material through a physicochemical process similar in essence to lunar regolith formation, namely thermo-melting and crystallization. This allows for precise control of mineral phase composition, and by combining this with a nonlinear programming model to calculate the mixing ratio, a simulated material that highly replicates the target lunar regolith in terms of phase, structure, and properties is ultimately obtained. The main technical route for component control is as follows: Figure 1 As shown.

[0050] The present invention has the following inventive points: (1) Thermal phase change regulation of mineral phases: Through melting-quenching-heat treatment, controlled crystallization of basalt glass is achieved, and the relative contents of pyroxene, plagioclase, olivine and amorphous phases are precisely regulated. (2) Nonlinear programming optimization of proportions: The heat treatment product is used as a multi-component, and the optimal mixing ratio is calculated by NLP model, so as to realize the programmable design of mineral phase components under strict tolerance constraints. (3) Simulation of structure and performance: The method not only controls the mineral phase content, but also reproduces the natural associated structure of mineral phases and the aggregation state of silicate network, so that the simulated lunar soil is highly matched with the real lunar soil in terms of optical and thermal properties.

[0051] Example 1: Preparation of Simulant I (Target: Apollo 67701 highland lunar soil)

[0052] Raw material selection and pretreatment: In this embodiment, high-alumina basalt from Hebei Province was selected as the raw material. Chemical composition analysis showed that the Si content of this raw basalt material was within the reasonable range for lunar regolith materials (40 wt.%~52 wt.%), slightly higher than that of Apollo 67701 lunar regolith by about 5.3%, and higher than that of CE5C0600 lunar regolith by about 8.37%. The Al and Fe contents were between those of Apollo 67701 and CE5C0600 lunar regolith, while the Mg and Ca contents were relatively lower than those of the target lunar regolith by about 1%~6%. Despite these differences, its overall chemical composition can take into account the chemical background of the two different target lunar regoliths, making it suitable as a single raw material for subsequent heat treatment and composition control. XRD quantitative analysis of the mineral phase composition of the original RBM showed that its amorphous phase content was 5.9 wt.%, pyroxene phase was 10.3 wt.%, plagioclase phase was 78.2 wt.%, and olivine phase was 5.6 wt.%. Its phase characteristics are similar to those of Apollo 67701 lunar soil from the highlands, which laid the foundation for the fine-tuning formulation in this embodiment.

[0053] Table 1 Comparison of chemical composition between raw materials and target lunar soil data

[0054]

[0055] Table 2 Comparison of phase content between raw materials and actual lunar soil data

[0056]

[0057] Melting and Quenching: The raw basalt material was placed in a high-temperature molybdenum wire furnace and heated to 1450℃ at a rate of 10℃ / min under argon atmosphere protection. This temperature was then held for 1.5 hours to ensure complete melting and clarification. Subsequently, the homogeneous melt was rapidly introduced into a room-temperature deionized water bath through the furnace bottom channel for water quenching. The resulting glassy substance, after water quenching, was confirmed by XRD to be completely amorphous, with no sharp crystallization diffraction peaks observed in its wide-angle XRD pattern.

[0058] Heat treatment regime design and execution: Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis was performed on the amorphous RBM obtained by water quenching, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the characteristic crystallization temperature was determined. At a heating rate of 10 K / min, the DSC curve clearly showed two separate exothermic crystallization peaks, with characteristic temperatures T0 and T0, respectively. c1 = 1140.96 K (867.81℃) and T c2 = 1322.36 K (1049.21℃). Based on this, this embodiment selects 870℃ (approximately T). c1 ) and 1050℃ (approximately T c2 The two temperatures were used as heat treatment points. Under an argon atmosphere, amorphous RBM blocks were heat-treated at these two temperatures, with holding times set to 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, and 4 hours, respectively. They were then removed and quenched to room temperature to obtain a series of heat-treated products with different mineral phase compositions.

[0059] Quantitative analysis of mineral phases in heat-treated products: X-ray diffraction (XRD) combined with the Rietveld full-spectrum fitting method was used to perform quantitative analysis of the mineral phases in the above-mentioned heat-treated products. Comparison of components between the original basalt raw material, the heat-treated material, and the prepared simulant: Figure 3 As shown in the figure. The influence of different heat treatment regimes on the changes in the main phase components of the heat-treated material is as follows. Figure 4 As shown. Analysis results indicate that at 870℃ (T... c1 Heat treatment at 1050℃ (T) resulted in a product dominated by the precipitation of the pyroxene phase. After 0.5 hours of heat treatment, the pyroxene phase content reached 51.9 wt.%; extending the treatment time to 2-4 hours, the pyroxene phase content slowly increased to 59.3 wt.%, indicating that the crystallization process of pyroxene at this temperature was rapid and easily reached a quasi-equilibrium state. In contrast, at 1050℃ (T)... c2Under heat treatment, the product is characterized primarily by a composite crystallization of plagioclase and pyroxene. As the heat treatment time increased from 0.5 hours to 4 hours, the plagioclase phase content significantly increased from 12.3 wt.% to 59.6 wt.%, while the amorphous phase content continuously decreased from approximately 38.1% initially to near-complete crystallization (approximately 6%). The target mineral phase content exhibits controllable and significant changes under different heat treatment regimes, providing a basis for controllable calculation and formulation processes.

[0060] Nonlinear programming model construction and proportion calculation: A nonlinear programming model was constructed to reproduce the mineral phase composition of lunar regolith from Apollo 67701. The phase composition of the target lunar regolith is shown in Table 3. The decision variables of the model include the proportions of the original basalt raw material, amorphous quenched material, and 10 kinds of crystallizing heat-treated materials subjected to different heat treatment regimes. The absolute error between the simulated lunar regolith and the target lunar regolith in the content of each phase must not exceed the set tolerance. For plagioclase, pyroxene, and amorphous phases, The concentration was set at 1.5 wt.%; for the olivine phase, which has a low content and fluctuates greatly, Set at 2.5 wt.%. Expected total component error. The value is set at 10%. The generalized reduced gradient method is used to solve the model, and the calculated proportions are summarized in the table below.

[0061] Table 3 Calculation results of the allocation ratio of each group in Example 1

[0062]

[0063] Preparation Results and Performance Verification: Simulant I was obtained by accurately weighing and mechanically mixing the materials according to the calculated proportions. The prepared Simulant I was characterized by XRD quantitative analysis, which showed that its final mineral phase composition was: pyroxene 10.0 wt.%, plagioclase 70.9 wt.%, olivine 5.1 wt.%, and amorphous phase 14.0 wt.%. The deviations of each phase content from the target values ​​were all within the preset tolerances, demonstrating the effectiveness of the nonlinear programming model. Figure 5 Scanning electron microscopy observations show that the simulated lunar soil powder contains both natural mineral-associated structures from the original RBM and structures from T... c1 Fine spheroidal pyroxene grains from heat treatment, and from T c2 The intergranular structure of long, strip-shaped plagioclase and pyroxene formed by heat treatment reproduces the complex microstructure of natural lunar soil. Figure 6 Reflectance spectroscopy tests show that the spectral curves of Simulant I in the visible-near-infrared band are highly consistent with the data from Apollo 67701, and their Spearman rank correlation coefficients are similar. The solar absorptivity reached 0.963. Based on the AM 0 standard solar spectrum, the solar absorptivity, Simulant I, was 0.747, which is 4.2% higher than the target lunar regolith's 0.705. Figure 7 Differential scanning calorimetry analysis showed that the initial melting temperature of Simulant I was about 1118℃, which was only about 17℃ different from the melting temperature of Apollo 67701 lunar soil under similar test conditions (about 1135℃). Moreover, the half-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of its melting peak was significantly narrower than that of the original RBM, and the peak shape was closer to that of natural lunar soil.

[0064] Example 2: Preparation of Simulant II (Target: CE5C0600 lunar soil from the Martian surface)

[0065] Raw Material and Target Setting: This embodiment also uses the basalt raw material from the previous embodiment as the sole raw material, but the target is changed to simulate the lunar regolith from Chang'e 5 (CE5C0600). The mineral phase composition of this target lunar regolith is characterized by a pyroxene phase content (26.4 wt.%) and plagioclase phase (31.6 wt.%) similar to those of the original RBM, an amorphous phase content of 24.4 wt.%, and an olivine phase content of 8.9 wt.%. This is significantly different from the phase composition (highland characteristics) of the original RBM, therefore, a more extensive phase reconstruction is needed to "modify" the raw material.

[0066] Heat treatment and nonlinear programming formulation: The melting, quenching, and heat treatment steps were exactly the same as in Example 1, using the same series of heat-treated products as the formulation components. In the nonlinear programming model, the phase data of the target lunar regolith were updated to the value of CE5C0600, while the tolerance μ remained the same. The model solution results showed that, in order to match the characteristics of lunar maria regolith with higher pyroxene and lower plagioclase content, a significant increase in the amount of T... c1 The proportion of heat-treated (high pyroxene content) products was adjusted while reducing the amount of original RBM (relatively high plagioclase). The final calculated optimal sizing is shown in Table 4.

[0067] Table 4 Calculation results of the allocation ratio of each group in Example 2

[0068]

[0069] Preparation Results and Performance Verification: Simulant II was prepared by mixing according to this ratio. XRD quantitative analysis confirmed its mineral phase composition as follows: pyroxene phase 30.4 wt.%, plagioclase phase 36.2 wt.%, olivine phase 7.2 wt.%, and amorphous phase 26.2 wt.%, with deviations from the target values ​​for each phase meeting the tolerance requirements. Reflectance spectral analysis showed that the spectral curves of Simulant II and CE5C0600 lunar soil nearly overlapped in shape and absorption characteristics, with a Spearman rank correlation coefficient. The optical fidelity is as high as 0.998, and the Pearson correlation coefficient R reaches 0.863, demonstrating extremely high optical fidelity. Its calculated solar absorptivity is 0.895, with an absolute difference of 2.1% compared to the target lunar regolith's 0.916. Thermal analysis shows that the initial melting temperature of Simulant II is approximately 1120℃, close to the melting temperature of the CE5C0600 lunar regolith (1138℃).

[0070] The detailed descriptions of the two embodiments above fully demonstrate that the proposed method for preparing simulated lunar regolith with adjustable composition through thermally induced phase change can successfully prepare high-quality simulated materials that highly mimic different types (highlands and lunar maria) of natural lunar regolith in terms of mineral phase composition, microstructure, optical properties, and thermal properties by engineering processing a single terrestrial basalt raw material and combining it with a scientific nonlinear programming model. This related technology can provide important technical means for designing raw material composition differences in ISRU technology research.

Claims

1. A method for preparing lunar soil with controllable composition based on thermally induced phase change, characterized in that: The method includes the following steps: (1) Screening raw basalt materials; (2) Melt the original basalt raw material to form a melt; (3) Quench the melt to amorphize it, and obtain amorphous raw material; (4) Heat treatment is performed on amorphous raw materials to induce crystallization at specific temperatures and times to obtain heat-treated products with different mineral phase compositions; (5) Crush the original basalt raw material, amorphous raw material and heat treatment product into powder that meets the required particle size distribution; (6) The mixing ratio of raw basalt, amorphous raw material, and heat-treated product is calculated based on a nonlinear programming model to ensure that the mineral phase content of the final simulated lunar soil matches the target lunar soil. The nonlinear programming model takes maximizing the amount of raw basalt as the objective function while constraining the error of mineral phase content. The model formula is as follows: Objective function: Constraints: Among them, subscript The subscript indicates the heat treatment process sequence with different heat treatment material numbers. The sequence represents the four target mineral phases. This refers to the mass ratio of the original basalt raw material. To simulate the first Phase content, For the target lunar soil Phase content, This represents the expected value of the total component error between the simulated material and the actual soil target phase content. For single-phase tolerance, For the first The proportion of crystallized material in the heat treatment process; (7) Mix according to the calculated mixing ratio to obtain simulated lunar soil with controlled composition.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the original basalt raw material is tholeiitic basalt or high-alumina basalt; the silicon content should be controlled within the range of 40% to 52%.

3. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The specific step (2) is as follows: the raw basalt material RBM is placed in a high-temperature furnace and kept at 1400~1500℃ for 1~2 hours under an inert atmosphere to fully melt and form a homogeneous melt.

4. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step (3), the quenching step achieves amorphization by water quenching or liquid nitrogen cooling at a temperature not exceeding room temperature.

5. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step (4), the heat treatment step is carried out under an inert atmosphere, and the heat treatment temperature includes the first crystallization temperature T. c1 Second crystallization temperature T c2 ; where T c1 The temperature is 800~900℃, T c2 The temperature is 1000~1100℃, and the heat treatment time is 0.5~4 h.

6. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step (5), the raw basalt material, amorphous material and heat-treated product are crushed into powder by mechanical impact.

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