Laser accelerated heavy ion analysis and diagnosis method and computer equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser acceleration heavy ion analysis and diagnosis method and computer equipment, and the method comprises the steps: placing a solid track detector on a detection plane of a Thomson spectrometer, enabling a laser acceleration heavy ion beam to be deflected by the Thomson spectrometer and then to enter the solid track detector, forming a latent track, and obtaining ion track data based on the latent track; drawing a scatter diagram according to the ion track data, confirming an original point position of a Thomson spectrometer detection plane, and drawing parabola diagrams corresponding to ions with different charge-to-mass ratios according to the original point position of the plane; extracting ion track data of ions with a specific charge-to-mass ratio as calibration data based on the parabolic graph, and extracting ion tracks of ions with other charge-to-mass ratios; and drawing a two-dimensional phase diagram about track diameter-energy of each nucleus according to the ion track, eliminating interfering ions according to the two-dimensional phase diagram and the calibration data, and analyzing and confirming the type of target ions. The method has the effect of rapidly distinguishing laser heavy ions with the same charge-to-mass ratio ions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of ion diagnostics, specifically to a laser-accelerated heavy ion analysis and diagnostic method and computer equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Heavy ion beams generated by traditional accelerators have wide applications in nuclear physics, radiation damage research, heavy ion radiotherapy, and high-energy-density physics. In recent years, due to the development of laser ion acceleration technology, laser-driven heavy ion beam generation has become an attractive method. This method can produce ultra-compact, ultra-short pulse width, and ultra-high current heavy ion beams at a lower construction cost than large-scale heavy ion accelerators.

[0003] Current laser heavy ion beam diagnostic techniques primarily employ Thomson spectroscopy combined with IP plates or scintillation screens. This method cannot distinguish ions with the same charge-to-mass ratio, thus failing to eliminate interference from carbon and oxygen plasmas commonly encountered in laser ion acceleration experiments. Some approaches utilize multiple solid-state track detectors, leveraging their varying sensitivities to different ions to differentiate between heavy ions. However, these methods are complex to implement and yield significant measurement uncertainties. Therefore, a convenient laser heavy ion beam diagnostic method capable of distinguishing ions with the same charge-to-mass ratio is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a laser-accelerated heavy ion analysis and diagnostic method and computer equipment, which is simple to implement and can quickly distinguish laser heavy ions with the same charge-to-mass ratio.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following solution: In a first aspect, this application provides a laser-accelerated heavy ion analysis and diagnostic method, comprising: placing a solid-state track detector on the detection plane of a Thomson spectrometer; accelerating a heavy ion beam with a laser and deflecting it through the Thomson spectrometer before incident on the solid-state track detector to form a latent track; acquiring ion track data based on the latent track; plotting a scatter plot based on the ion track data and confirming the origin position of the Thomson spectrometer detection plane; plotting parabolic graphs corresponding to ions with different charge-to-mass ratios based on the origin position of the plane; extracting ion track data of ions with specific charge-to-mass ratios as calibration data based on the parabolic graphs; extracting ion tracks of ions with other charge-to-mass ratios; plotting a two-dimensional phase diagram of track diameter versus energy per nucleon based on the ion tracks; excluding interfering ions based on the two-dimensional phase diagram and the calibration data; and analyzing and confirming the type of target ion; plotting the heavy ion energy spectrum of the target ion based on the type of target ion and the two-dimensional phase diagram.

[0006] For example, the ion track data includes the track's position coordinates on the detection plane, track diameter, track roundness, and track average gray level.

[0007] For example, acquiring ion track data based on the latent track includes: etching the solid track detector to reveal the latent track as pits representing the track; scanning the pits of the solid track detector using an automatic data acquisition system, the automatic data acquisition system including an optical microscope and image processing software; setting a grayscale threshold in the image processing software to identify the region where the track is located, and performing ellipse fitting on the track to obtain the ion track data of effective ion tracks; wherein tracks with a diameter in the range of 2-10 micrometers and a roundness of less than 0.2 are determined to be effective ion tracks.

[0008] For example, the position coordinates of the track on the detection plane are calculated using the following formula: in, These are the magnetic field length and the electric field length, respectively. These represent the distances from the magnetic field and electric field to the detection plane, respectively. Let be the deflection radius of the ion in the magnetic field. denoted as the incident velocity of the ions. For ion mass. The ions carry a charge. These are magnetic flux density and electric field strength, respectively. x, y The coordinates of the track on the detection plane.

[0009] For example, a scatter plot is drawn based on the ion track data, and the origin position of the Thomson spectrometer detection plane is confirmed. Parabolic plots corresponding to ions with different charge-to-mass ratios are drawn based on the origin position of the plane. This includes: drawing a scatter plot based on the position coordinates in the ion track data, with the position of the Thomson spectrometer collimating aperture projected onto the detection plane from the ion movement direction as the origin position; calculating the theoretical landing points of ions with different charge-to-mass ratios and different energies on the detection plane based on the physical parameters of the Thomson spectrometer, and generating multiple theoretical parabolas with the origin position as the endpoints; wherein the physical parameters of the Thomson spectrometer include: magnetic field length, electric field length, distance of the magnetic field and electric field to the detection plane, magnetic induction intensity, and electric field intensity; and superimposing the theoretical parabolas onto the scatter plot, with the curves formed by the track aggregation in the scatter plot matching the theoretical parabolas.

[0010] For example, the calibration data are ion track data with charge-to-mass ratios of 5 / 12 and 7 / 16, respectively, and the type of calibration ion corresponding to the calibration data is C.5+ and O 7+ The calibration data also includes the standard relationship curve of track diameter versus energy per nucleon formed by the calibration ion in the two-dimensional phase diagram.

[0011] For example, plotting a two-dimensional phase diagram relating track diameter to energy per nucleon includes: for all ion tracks on any of the parabolic plots, forming a two-dimensional phase diagram with the energy per nucleon calculated from the position coordinates as the abscissa and the track diameter as the ordinate.

[0012] For example, the process of excluding interfering ions based on the two-dimensional phase diagram and the calibration data, and analyzing and confirming the type of target ion, includes: identifying multiple track diameter-energy-per-nucleon relationship curves formed by different types of ions in the two-dimensional phase diagram; confirming the standard relationship curve corresponding to the ion in the calibration data, and comparing the relationship curve with the standard relationship curve; identifying and excluding ions corresponding to curves that overlap with or are close to the standard relationship curve as known interfering ions; identifying the remaining ions corresponding to the relationship curves as the target ion, and confirming the charge-to-mass ratio corresponding to the parabola of the target ion; and confirming the type of target ion based on the charge-to-mass ratio of the target ion and the compared ion characteristics.

[0013] For example, plotting the heavy ion energy spectrum of the target ion specifically involves: counting the number of target ions based on the identified target ion types, and calculating and plotting the distribution of ion quantity as a function of energy in conjunction with the collection solid angle of the Thomson spectrometer.

[0014] Secondly, this application also provides a computer device, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the laser-accelerated heavy ion analysis and diagnostic method described above.

[0015] According to the specific embodiments provided in this application, the following technical effects are disclosed: The laser-accelerated heavy ion analysis and diagnostic method in this application introduces a two-dimensional phase diagram of track diameter and energy per nucleon. Utilizing the characteristic that different ions form different distribution curves in this two-dimensional space, it allows for the precise elimination of interfering ions and the selection of a single target ion before energy spectrum plotting. Using energy per nucleon as the core parameter, this method directly calculates from the ion position coordinates and the known charge-to-mass ratio, eliminating the need for prior knowledge of the ion type. This ensures that subsequent ion identification is based on a reliable foundation of known energy. The ion identification problem is transformed into an intuitive problem of observing the number and shape of different curves in the two-dimensional phase diagram, overcoming the drawbacks of relying on empirical guesswork. The method in this application is simple to implement and can quickly distinguish laser-accelerated heavy ions with the same charge-to-mass ratio. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the laser-accelerated heavy ion analysis and diagnostic method in the embodiments of this application.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a laser heavy ion acceleration experiment in an embodiment of this application.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the Thomson spectrometer in an embodiment of this application.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the track location distribution and parabola in the embodiments of this application.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution location of ion tracks and the relationship between track diameter and energy per nucleon in the embodiments of this application.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the identification results of a parabola with a charge-to-mass ratio of 1 / 2 in an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the identification results of a parabola with a charge-to-mass ratio of 1 / 3 in an embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the energy spectrum in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown in the embodiment of this application, a laser-accelerated heavy ion analysis and diagnostic method is provided, including the following steps: S110. Place the solid track detector on the detection plane of the Thomson spectrometer. The laser-accelerated heavy ion beam is deflected by the Thomson spectrometer and then incident on the solid track detector to form a latent track. Ion track data is obtained based on the latent track.

[0027] S120. Draw a scatter plot based on the ion track data, and confirm the origin position of the Thomson spectrometer detection plane. Draw parabolic plots corresponding to ions with different charge-to-mass ratios based on the origin position of the plane.

[0028] S130. Extract ion track data of ions with specific charge-to-mass ratios based on parabolic plots as calibration data, and extract ion tracks of ions with other charge-to-mass ratios.

[0029] S140. Draw a two-dimensional phase diagram based on the ion track diameter versus energy per nucleon. Eliminate interfering ions based on the two-dimensional phase diagram and calibration data, and analyze and confirm the type of target ion.

[0030] S150. Draw the heavy ion energy spectrum of the target ion based on the type of target ion and the two-dimensional phase diagram.

[0031] The laser-accelerated heavy ion analysis and diagnostic method in this application introduces a two-dimensional phase diagram of track diameter and energy per nucleon. Utilizing the characteristic that different ions form different distribution curves in this two-dimensional space, it allows for the precise elimination of interfering ions and the selection of a single target ion before energy spectrum plotting. Using energy per nucleon as the core parameter, this method directly calculates from the ion position coordinates and the known charge-to-mass ratio, eliminating the need for prior knowledge of the ion type. This ensures that subsequent ion identification is based on a reliable foundation of known energy. The ion identification problem is transformed into an intuitive problem of observing the number and shape of different curves in the two-dimensional phase diagram, overcoming the drawbacks of relying on empirical guesswork. The method in this application is simple to implement and can quickly distinguish laser-accelerated heavy ions with the same charge-to-mass ratio.

[0032] like Figure 2The diagram shown is a schematic of a laser heavy ion acceleration experiment in this embodiment. The diagnostic equipment required in this embodiment includes a Thomson spectrometer at the front end, a solid-state track detector (specifically a CR-39 solid-state track detector) placed on the detection plane of the Thomson spectrometer, and an IP plate placed below the solid-state track detector. An automatic data acquisition system is required in conjunction with an optical microscope to collect data on the ion track information obtained after etching the solid-state track detector.

[0033] like Figure 3 The diagram shows the internal structure of a Thomson spectrometer in this embodiment of the application. It is a device for diagnosing incident ion energy and charge-to-mass ratio. It has a collimating aperture for ion incidence, parallel electric and magnetic fields of a certain length (obtained through electrode plates and permanent magnets), and a detection plane. Ions with the same charge-to-mass ratio, after being deflected by the electromagnetic field, converge on the same parabola when incident on the detection plane. The energy can be calculated based on the position of the incident ion relative to the origin of the parabola on the detection plane. In use, the CR-39 solid-state track detector deposits energy on its surface, forming a latent track. After etching, ion tracks with diameters on the micrometer scale, visible under an optical microscope, can be obtained. Placing the CR-39 solid-state track detector on the detection plane of the Thomson spectrometer yields parabolic ion track data. The IP plate is sensitive to X-rays generated by ultra-short, ultra-intense laser ablation. Placing the IP plate below the CR-39 solid-state track detector records the corresponding position of the collimating aperture of the Thomson spectrometer, i.e., the position of the origin of the parabola on the detection plane. The automatic data acquisition system can automatically control the optical microscope to scan the CR-39 solid track detector and record information such as track position, track diameter, average gray level, and roundness in each field of view.

[0034] For example, the ion track data mentioned above includes the track's position coordinates on the detection plane, track diameter, track roundness, and track average gray level.

[0035] The method in this application, upon execution, first requires acquiring track-related information, etching a solid-state track detector to reveal the latent track as pits representing the track. An automated data acquisition system, including an optical microscope and image processing software, scans the pits of the solid-state track detector. A grayscale threshold is set in the image processing software to identify the track region, and ellipse fitting is performed on the track to obtain ion track data for effective ion tracks. The specific process is as follows: The measurement scheme described in this method is applied in an ultrashort, ultra-intense laser-accelerated heavy ion beam experiment. The CR-39 solid-state track detector (hereinafter referred to as CR-39) is removed and etched, then placed in an automated data acquisition system. The automated data acquisition system consists of an optical microscope connected to a computer and computer software. The scanning area and magnification are manually set, and reference points within the scanning area are manually focused, allowing for automatic scanning of the selected area. The software automatically controls the microscope's movement and captures all magnified images of the scanning area. After scanning, the track can be identified by setting a grayscale threshold. Since a track is generally a "dimple," and the microscope operates in reflection mode, when the backlight brightness is adjusted until the CR-39 surface appears nearly white in the microscope, the ion track appears as a black dot. Therefore, by setting a grayscale threshold, all track-related pixels can be obtained. Since these pixels are connected in a cluster at the track location, an algorithm can be used to fit an ellipse, yielding information such as track position, diameter, roundness, and average grayscale. Since the track diameter in our experiments was between 2 and 10 μm, this can be used as a screening criterion; tracks smaller than 2 μm are judged to be dust. Simultaneously, as tracks, their roundness is low; a roundness below 0.2 can be used as a screening criterion. The location, diameter, average gray level, and roundness information of all tracks were collected, and obvious dust, scratches, and other interfering data were removed based on the track's average gray level, diameter, and roundness characteristics. The IP plate was removed and scanned to determine the origin position of the Thomson spectrometer's detection plane.

[0036] For example, the position coordinates on the detector plane in ion track data are calculated using the following formula: (1) (2) in, These are the magnetic field length and the electric field length, respectively. These represent the distances from the magnetic field and electric field to the detection plane, respectively. Let be the deflection radius of the ion in the magnetic field. denoted as the incident velocity of the ions. For ion mass. The ions carry a charge. These are magnetic flux density and electric field strength, respectively. x, y The coordinates of the track on the detection plane are given. It should be noted that the above calculation method uses the endpoint of the parabola as the origin. In actual use, the position of the endpoint of the parabola can be adjusted by translation according to the actual situation.

[0037] After confirming the location coordinates, a scatter plot can be drawn based on the ion track data, and the origin of the Thomson spectrometer detection plane can be determined. Based on the origin of the plane, parabolic plots corresponding to ions with different charge-to-mass ratios can be drawn, including the following steps: S121. Draw a scatter plot based on the position coordinates in the ion track data, and take the position of the collimation aperture of the Thomson spectrometer projected onto the detection plane from the direction of ion movement as the origin.

[0038] S122. Based on the physical parameters of the Thomson spectrometer, calculate the theoretical landing points of ions with different charge-to-mass ratios and different energies on the detection plane, and generate multiple theoretical parabolas using the origin position as the endpoint.

[0039] S123. The theoretical parabola is superimposed on the scatter plot, and the curve formed by the clustering of tracks in the scatter plot matches the theoretical parabola.

[0040] The physical parameters of the Thomson spectrometer include: magnetic field length. electric field length The distance from the magnetic field and electric field to the detection plane and Magnetic induction intensity and electric field strength .

[0041] Specifically, a scatter plot is drawn using the track positions obtained from the automatic data acquisition system, and the plot is calculated and drawn in conjunction with the measured origin position of the Thomson spectrometer detector plane and the Thomson spectrometer parameters. Here, the calculation refers to calculating the incident positions of ions with different energies and charge-to-mass ratios on the Thomson spectrometer detector plane based on the Thomson spectrometer parameters. If the origin is taken as the position of the Thomson spectrometer collimating aperture projected onto the detector plane from the direction of ion motion, after the ions enter through the collimating aperture, they first pass through a magnetic field of a certain length perpendicular to the direction of motion, causing a deflection in the x-direction. Then, they experience an electric field of a certain length parallel to the magnetic field direction, causing a deflection in the y-direction (e.g., ...). Figure 3 (As shown). The xy coordinates of the ion on the detector plane when it finally reaches the detector plane can be calculated based on the initial energy of the ion. The calculation results show that ions with different energies and the same charge-to-mass ratio will converge into a parabola, and ions with the same charge-to-mass ratio and the same energy per nucleon will have the same incident position.

[0042] like Figure 4 The image shows the track location distribution and parabolic plot. Based on the measured origin coordinates, the calculated parabolas representing different charge-to-mass ratios are plotted on the CR-39 track scatter plot to determine the charge-to-mass ratio of the ions corresponding to the tracks on CR-39. The parabolic positions corresponding to ions with different charge-to-mass ratios are shown. At this point, the charge-to-mass ratio of the experimentally produced ions can be determined. Figure 4The values ​​5 / 12, 7 / 16, and 1 / 2 in the text represent different charge-to-mass ratios.

[0043] Typically, laser ion acceleration experiments produce C-charge states. 5+ and O 7+ The carbon and oxygen ions originate from contamination or water vapor adhering to the target surface. This results in parabolic track distributions with charge-to-mass ratios of 5 / 12 and 7 / 16. Extracting the ion tracks from these two parabolas yields the C ions. 5+ and O 7+ The relationship between the track diameter and the energy per nucleon. Since this relationship is independent of the ion's charge state, it can be used as calibration data for C and O ions to determine the types of ions on other parabolas. The calibration data also includes calibration data for C ions (C...). 5+ and O 7+ The standard relationship curve of track diameter versus energy per nucleon formed in a two-dimensional phase diagram.

[0044] Next, a two-dimensional phase diagram of track diameter versus energy per nucleon needs to be drawn, which includes: for all ion tracks on any parabolic plot, the energy per nucleon calculated from the position coordinates is used as the x-axis and the track diameter is used as the y-axis to form a two-dimensional phase diagram.

[0045] Specifically, ion tracks on other parabolic trajectories are extracted, and a two-dimensional phase diagram of track diameter versus energy per nucleon is plotted. Since the tracks contain position and diameter information obtained through scanning, after determining the charge-to-mass ratio in the position scatter plot, the diameter of tracks with the same charge-to-mass ratio is used as the ordinate, and the energy calculated based on the position is used as the abscissa to plot a scatter plot. This yields the aforementioned two-dimensional phase diagram. The phase diagram will show the track diameter versus energy per nucleon patterns for various ions. For example, a track with a charge-to-mass ratio of 1 / 2 may contain C... 6+ N 7+ O 8+ With three ions, three curves will appear. Using the previously established calibration data for C and O ions, the C ion concentration can be determined. 6+ and O 8+ The remaining curve formed in this two-dimensional phase diagram is N. 7+ Ions can be identified, and data on each ion can be extracted to create an energy spectrum.

[0046] At other charge-to-mass ratios, this method can conveniently eliminate C and O ion data, retaining the heavy ion data to be identified. It is important to note that this embodiment uses energy per nucleon as the unit, allowing the energy per nucleon corresponding to the ion track to be calculated before ion type identification. This enables the data of ions with the same charge-to-mass ratio to be plotted in a two-dimensional space of track diameter - energy per nucleon for identification. Related technologies identify the ion type first and then calculate its energy. Since the energy calculation in this approach is after identification, and the number of nucleons is unknown without identification, the energy cannot be calculated, thus failing to aid in ion identification.

[0047] For example, in this application, the per-nucleon energy corresponding to the ion track is calculated before ion species identification: within the energy range involved in the experiments of this application, it can be adopted... (γ-1)m p The energy per nucleon is calculated, where m p For nucleon mass, γ It is a relativistic factor. Given that both of these factors are known, the energy per nucleon can be directly calculated and used to draw a two-dimensional phase diagram of track diameter versus energy per nucleon.

[0048] The process of eliminating interfering ions based on the two-dimensional phase diagram and the calibration data, and analyzing and confirming the type of target ions, includes the following steps: S141. In a two-dimensional phase diagram, identify multiple track diameter-energy-per-nucleon curves formed by different types of ions.

[0049] S142. Confirm the standard relationship curve corresponding to the ions in the calibration data, and compare the relationship curve with the standard relationship curve.

[0050] S143. Identify and exclude ions corresponding to curves that coincide with or are close to the standard relationship curve as known interfering ions.

[0051] S144. Identify the ions corresponding to the remaining relationship curves as target ions, and confirm the charge-to-mass ratio corresponding to the parabola plot where the target ion is located.

[0052] S145. Based on the target ion's charge-to-mass ratio and the characteristics of the compared ions, identify the type of target ion.

[0053] like Figure 5 The diagram shows the distribution of ion tracks and the relationship between track diameter and energy per nucleon. Since C and O are common ions in laser ion acceleration experiments, the ions distributed along the lines with charge-to-mass ratios of 5 / 12 and 7 / 16 are most likely C. 5+ O 7+Two types of ions. Extract the ion tracks and plot their track diameter versus energy per nucleon. The ordinate is the track diameter obtained from the automatic scanning system, and the abscissa is the energy per nucleon calculated from the ion's abscissa. As can be seen in the right figure, the data on the two parabolas form two different curves, indicating that each curve indeed contains only one type of ion. Since this pattern is independent of the ion's charge state, it can be used as calibration data.

[0054] like Figure 6 The diagram shows the identification results of a parabola with a charge-to-mass ratio of 1 / 2. It represents the identification results for the line with a charge-to-mass ratio of 1 / 2. After extracting the ions with a charge-to-mass ratio of 1 / 2 and plotting a two-dimensional phase diagram of track diameter versus energy per nucleon, three variation patterns can be observed, indicating the existence of three types of ions. This is consistent with the previously obtained C... 5+ O 7+ After comparing the patterns, it can be found that C has the smallest track in the two-dimensional phase diagram. 6+ The largest is O 8+ Therefore, based on the charge-to-mass ratio of 1 / 2 and the moderate track diameter, it can be determined that the middle one is N. 7+ .like Figure 7 The diagram shows the identification results on a parabola with a charge-to-mass ratio of 1 / 3. Two types of ions exist on this parabola; one is identified as C after comparison with calibration data. 4+ Another type of track diameter changes more slowly with energy and is larger than that of C ions in most energy ranges. Since track diameter is related to the energy deposition of ions on the CR-39 surface, and the target in the embodiments of this application (see...) Figure 2 The image shows a zirconium metal thin film. The ion in the image is identified as Zr. 30+ Ions in this Ne-like charge state have a relatively high ionization energy to the next charge state, making them prone to accumulation. Ionization to this charge state also corresponds to the intensity of a laser beam. Figure 7 The right figure shows the change of normalized electron energy loss of carbon ions and zirconium ions with energy. The trend of the change is consistent with the change of track diameter we measured, which verifies and supports the judgment of this method that this is zirconium ions.

[0055] After identifying all ions, an energy spectrum can be plotted based on their energy, quantity, and the collection solid angle of the Thomson spectrometer. Specifically, based on the identified target ion types, the quantity of target ions is counted, and combined with the collection solid angle of the Thomson spectrometer, a spectrum showing the distribution of ion quantity as a function of energy is calculated and plotted. Figure 8 The figure shown is a schematic diagram of the energy spectrum in an embodiment of this application. The horizontal axis represents energy, and the vertical axis represents unit energy.

[0056] In some embodiments, in step S143 above, the ions corresponding to the curves that coincide with or are close to the standard relationship curves, i.e., the known interfering ions, may not be excluded. Instead, they may be marked, stored, or retained, and distinguished from the target ions corresponding to the remaining relationship curves. In subsequent processes, for known ions (such as C and O ions), the energy spectrum of the ion quantity as a function of energy can also be calculated and plotted.

[0057] The laser-accelerated heavy ion analysis and diagnostic method in this application introduces a two-dimensional phase diagram of track diameter and energy per nucleon. Utilizing the characteristic that different ions form different distribution curves in this two-dimensional space, it allows for the precise elimination of interfering ions and the selection of a single target ion before energy spectrum plotting. Using energy per nucleon as the core parameter, this method directly calculates from the ion position coordinates and the known charge-to-mass ratio, eliminating the need for prior knowledge of the ion type. This ensures that subsequent ion identification is based on a reliable foundation of known energy. The ion identification problem is transformed into an intuitive problem of observing the number and shape of different curves in the two-dimensional phase diagram, overcoming the drawbacks of relying on empirical guesswork. The method in this application is simple to implement and can quickly distinguish laser-accelerated heavy ions with the same charge-to-mass ratio.

[0058] This application also provides a computer device, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the above-described laser-accelerated heavy ion analysis and diagnostic method.

[0059] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, data stored, data displayed, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of the relevant data must comply with relevant regulations.

[0060] The databases involved in the embodiments provided in this application may include at least one type of relational database and non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, blockchain-based distributed databases. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in this application may be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processing units, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, quantum computing-based data processing logic devices, etc., and are not limited to these.

[0061] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0062] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the methods and core ideas of this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A laser-accelerated heavy ion analysis and diagnostic method, characterized in that, The laser-accelerated heavy ion analysis and diagnostic method includes: A solid track detector is placed on the detection plane of a Thomson spectrometer. A laser-accelerated heavy ion beam is deflected by the Thomson spectrometer and then incident on the solid track detector to form a latent track. Ion track data is obtained based on the latent track. Scatter plots are drawn based on the ion track data, and the origin of the Thomson spectrometer detection plane is confirmed. Parabolic plots corresponding to ions with different charge-to-mass ratios are drawn based on the origin of the plane. Based on the parabola, ion track data of ions with specific charge-to-mass ratios are extracted as calibration data, and ion tracks of ions with other charge-to-mass ratios are extracted. A two-dimensional phase diagram of track diameter versus energy per nucleon is drawn based on the ion track. Interfering ions are eliminated based on the two-dimensional phase diagram and the calibration data, and the type of target ion is analyzed and confirmed. The heavy ion energy spectrum of the target ion is plotted based on the type of target ion and the two-dimensional phase diagram.

2. The laser-accelerated heavy ion analysis and diagnostic method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ion track data includes the track's position coordinates on the detection plane, track diameter, track roundness, and track average gray level.

3. The laser-accelerated heavy ion analysis and diagnostic method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Ion track data is obtained based on the latent track, including: The solid track detector is etched to make the latent track visible as pits representing the track; The pits of the solid track detector are scanned using an automatic data acquisition system, which includes an optical microscope and image processing software. The image processing software is set to a grayscale threshold to identify the region where the track is located, and the track is fitted with an ellipse to obtain the ion track data of effective ion tracks; wherein, the tracks with a diameter in the range of 2-10 micrometers and a roundness of less than 0.2 are determined to be effective ion tracks.

4. The laser-accelerated heavy ion analysis and diagnostic method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The position coordinates of the track on the detection plane are calculated using the following formula: in, These are the magnetic field length and the electric field length, respectively. These represent the distances from the magnetic field and electric field to the detection plane, respectively. Let be the deflection radius of the ion in the magnetic field. denoted as the incident velocity of the ions. For ion mass. The ions carry a charge. These are magnetic flux density and electric field strength, respectively. x, y The coordinates of the track on the detection plane.

5. The laser-accelerated heavy ion analysis and diagnostic method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Scatter plots are generated based on the ion track data, and the origin of the Thomson spectrometer detection plane is confirmed. Parabolic plots corresponding to ions with different charge-to-mass ratios are then generated based on the origin of the plane, including: A scatter plot is drawn based on the position coordinates in the ion track data, with the position of the Thomson spectrometer collimation aperture projected onto the detection plane from the direction of ion movement as the origin. Based on the physical parameters of the Thomson spectrometer, the theoretical landing points of ions with different charge-to-mass ratios and different energies on the detection plane are calculated, and multiple theoretical parabolas are generated with the origin position as the endpoint; wherein the physical parameters of the Thomson spectrometer include: magnetic field length, electric field length, distance of the magnetic field and electric field from the detection plane, magnetic induction intensity and electric field intensity. The theoretical parabola is superimposed on the scatter plot, and the curve formed by the clustering of tracks in the scatter plot matches the theoretical parabola.

6. The laser-accelerated heavy ion analysis and diagnostic method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calibration data consisted of ion track data with charge-to-mass ratios of 5 / 12 and 7 / 16, respectively, and the type of calibration ion corresponding to the calibration data was C. 5+ and O 7+ The calibration data also includes the standard relationship curve of track diameter versus energy per nucleon formed by the calibration ion in the two-dimensional phase diagram.

7. The laser-accelerated heavy ion analysis and diagnostic method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Plot a two-dimensional phase diagram of track diameter versus energy per nucleon, including: For all ion tracks on any of the parabolic graphs, the track diameter is used as the vertical axis, and the energy per nucleon is calculated based on the position coordinates and used as the horizontal axis to form a two-dimensional phase diagram.

8. The laser-accelerated heavy ion analysis and diagnostic method according to claim 7, characterized in that, Interfering ions are eliminated based on the two-dimensional phase diagram and the calibration data, and the types of target ions are analyzed and confirmed, including: In the two-dimensional phase diagram, multiple track diameter-per-nucleon energy relationship curves formed by different types of ions were identified; Identify the standard relationship curve corresponding to the ions in the calibration data, and compare the relationship curve with the standard relationship curve; Ions corresponding to curves that coincide with or are close to the standard relationship curve are identified and excluded as known interfering ions; The ions corresponding to the remaining relationship curves are identified as the target ions, and the charge-to-mass ratio corresponding to the parabola plot in which the target ion is located is confirmed. Based on the charge-to-mass ratio of the target ion and the characteristics of the compared ions, the type of the target ion is identified.

9. The laser-accelerated heavy ion analysis and diagnostic method according to claim 7, characterized in that, To plot the heavy ion energy spectrum of the target ion, specifically: based on the identified target ion types, count the number of target ions, and in conjunction with the collection solid angle of the Thomson spectrometer, calculate and plot the spectrum of ion quantity as a function of energy.

10. A computer device, comprising: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor executes the computer program to implement the laser-accelerated heavy ion analysis and diagnostic method according to any one of claims 1-9.

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