Gas specific heat ratio determination experiment device and method based on isolated gas system

Abstract

The invention discloses a gas specific heat ratio determination experiment device and method based on an isolated gas system, and the device comprises a height bottom plate, the top of the height bottom plate is fixedly connected with a first connecting rod, the top of the first connecting rod is fixedly connected with an inflation and exhaust all-in-one machine, and the side wall of the inflation and exhaust all-in-one machine is communicated with a first connecting pipe. One end of the first connecting pipe communicates with a high-pressure air chamber, and a temperature and pressure sensing device is arranged in the high-pressure air chamber. The invention relates to the technical field of teaching aids for demonstrating physical phenomena. Through cooperation of the air inflation and exhaust all-in-one machine, the first connecting pipe, the high-pressure air chamber, the second connecting pipe and the non-elastic thick-skin balloon, the device is suitable for measurement of various kinds of gas, an isolated gas system is directly used as a research object, the experiment precision is effectively improved, students can conveniently and directly compare the measurement process with the adiabatic expansion process rule of the gas, and the experiment efficiency is improved. And the dependency relationship of each physical quantity of the learned gas in the measurement can be more intuitively understood.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of teaching aids for demonstrating physical phenomena, in particular to a gas specific heat ratio measuring experimental device and method based on an isolated gas system. BACKGROUND

[0002] Specifically, the gas specific heat ratio measuring experimental device based on an isolated gas system changes the state of the gas through rapid adiabatic expansion, measures the pressure / temperature change, and calculates gamma. Prior art equipment. There are mainly three kinds of traditional experimental methods and equipment for measuring the specific heat ratio of gas, namely, adiabatic expansion method, sound speed method and vibrating piston method. The following is an introduction to the advantages and disadvantages of the current experimental equipment for measuring the specific heat ratio of gas, the adiabatic expansion method has low precision and relies on manual operation, the sound speed method is greatly affected by the environment, and the vibrating piston method is expensive.

[0003] Therefore, the present application provides a gas specific heat ratio measuring experimental device and method based on an isolated gas system to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a gas specific heat ratio measuring experimental device and method based on an isolated gas system to solve the above problems.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application realizes the following technical scheme: a gas specific heat ratio measuring experimental device based on an isolated gas system, comprising a height base plate, a first connecting rod is fixedly connected to the top of the height base plate, a gas filling and exhausting all-in-one machine is fixedly connected to the top of the first connecting rod, a first connecting pipe is communicated with the side wall of the gas filling and exhausting all-in-one machine, a high-pressure gas chamber is communicated with one end of the first connecting pipe, a temperature and pressure sensing device is arranged in the high-pressure gas chamber, a second connecting rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the high-pressure gas chamber, the bottom of the second connecting rod is fixedly connected to the top of the height base plate, a second connecting pipe is communicated with the side wall of the high-pressure gas chamber, a non-elastic thick skin balloon is communicated with one end of the second connecting pipe, a hard shell is movably connected to the side wall of the non-elastic thick skin balloon, a third connecting rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hard shell, and the bottom of the third connecting rod is fixedly connected to the top of the height base plate.

[0006] Preferably, the temperature and pressure sensing device comprises a temperature sensor, the temperature sensor is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the high-pressure gas chamber, and the inner wall of the high-pressure gas chamber is fixedly connected with a pressure sensor.

[0007] Preferably, the high-pressure gas chamber is fixedly connected with a display at the top, the display is fixedly connected with a connecting line at the side wall, and the connecting line is electrically connected with the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor.

[0008] Preferably, the side wall of the first connecting pipe is provided with a first electromagnetic valve, and the side wall of the second connecting pipe is provided with a second electromagnetic valve.

[0009] The gas specific heat capacity ratio determination experiment method based on an isolated gas system comprises the following steps: S1, opening the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve, and emptying the gas in the inelastic thick skin balloon; S2, closing the second electromagnetic valve, filling the gas into the first electromagnetic valve through the gas filling and air exhausting all-in-one machine, then closing the first connecting pipe, and recording the pressure; S3, opening the second electromagnetic valve, and discharging the gas into the inelastic thick skin balloon while recording the pressure; S4, substituting the recorded pressure and volume into the formula

[0010] The heat capacity ratio of the measured gas can be obtained. Advantages

[0011] The application provides a gas specific heat capacity ratio determination experiment device and method based on an isolated gas system. (1) The gas specific heat capacity ratio determination experiment device and method based on an isolated gas system are suitable for measuring various types of gas through the cooperation of the gas filling and air exhausting all-in-one machine, the first connecting pipe, the high-pressure gas chamber, the second connecting pipe and the inelastic thick skin balloon, directly take the isolated gas system as the research object, effectively improve the experimental precision, and facilitate students to directly compare the measurement process and the adiabatic expansion process of the gas, and more intuitively understand the dependent relationship of various physical quantities of the gas in measurement.

[0012] (2) The gas specific heat capacity ratio determination experiment device and method based on an isolated gas system are simple in equipment, low in cost, and do not have long-time thermal equilibrium waiting time requirements, are a new type of experiment method which is fast and safe, can effectively reduce the learning difficulty of related theories, improve the measurement precision, and enhance the innovative thinking ability of students. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] Figure 1 is a structure schematic view of the gas specific heat capacity ratio determination experiment device and method based on an isolated gas system of the application; Figure 2 is a position structure schematic view of the first connecting rod of the application; Figure 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the high-pressure gas chamber of the application; Figure 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the high-pressure gas chamber of the application; Figure 3 is an enlarged view of A in the application.

[0014] In the figure: 1, high base plate; 2, first connecting rod; 3, second connecting rod; 4, third connecting rod; 5, gas filling and exhausting integrated machine; 6, first connecting pipe; 7, first electromagnetic valve; 8, high pressure gas chamber; 9, temperature sensor; 10, pressure sensor; 11, connecting line; 12, display; 13, second connecting pipe; 14, second electromagnetic valve; 15, hard shell; 16, inelastic thick skin balloon. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application. EMBODIMENT

[0016] Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 4 The gas specific heat ratio determination experimental device based on an isolated gas system includes a high base plate 1, the top of the high base plate 1 is fixedly connected with a first connecting rod 2, the top of the first connecting rod 2 is fixedly connected with a gas filling and exhausting integrated machine 5, the side wall of the gas filling and exhausting integrated machine 5 is communicated with a first connecting pipe 6, one end of the first connecting pipe 6 is communicated with a high pressure gas chamber 8, the inside of the high pressure gas chamber 8 is provided with a temperature and pressure sensing device, the bottom of the high pressure gas chamber 8 is fixedly connected with a second connecting rod 3, the bottom of the second connecting rod 3 is fixedly connected with the top of the high base plate 1, the side wall of the high pressure gas chamber 8 is communicated with a second connecting pipe 13, one end of the second connecting pipe 13 is communicated with an inelastic thick skin balloon 16, the side wall of the inelastic thick skin balloon 16 is movably connected with a hard shell 15, the bottom of the hard shell 15 is fixedly connected with a third connecting rod 4, and the bottom of the third connecting rod 4 is fixedly connected with the top of the high base plate 1.

[0017] It should be noted that the first electromagnetic valve 7 and the second electromagnetic valve 14 are controlled to be opened, at this time, the gas filling and exhausting integrated machine 5 is started, the gas filling and exhausting integrated machine 5 extracts and discharges the gas in the inelastic thick skin balloon 16 through the first connecting pipe 6, the high pressure gas chamber 8 and the second connecting pipe 13, then the second electromagnetic valve 14 is closed, at this moment, the gas filling and exhausting integrated machine 5 fills the gas into the inside of the high pressure gas chamber 8 through the first connecting pipe 6, then the first electromagnetic valve 7 is closed, so that the gas in the high pressure gas chamber 8 forms an isolated gas system, the volume and the pressure of the gas at this time are recorded, then the second electromagnetic valve 14 is opened to quickly discharge the gas into the inside of the inelastic thick skin balloon 16, the discharging process is a rapid adiabatic process, the volume V' of the hard ellipsoidal shell is known, at this time, V1+ V'= V2, V2 is the volume after the gas adiabatic expansion, the pressure P2 after the gas expansion is recorded, and P1, P2, V1 and V2 are substituted into the following formula, so that the specific heat capacity ratio γ of the gas to be measured can be obtained, and the experiment is completed.

[0018] In an optional embodiment: the temperature and pressure sensing device includes a temperature sensor 9, the top of which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the high-pressure air chamber 8, and a pressure sensor 10 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the high-pressure air chamber 8.

[0019] It should be noted that by setting temperature sensor 9 and pressure sensor 10, the temperature and pressure inside high-pressure chamber 8 can be monitored in real time.

[0020] In an optional embodiment: a display 12 is fixedly connected to the top of the high-pressure chamber 8, and a connecting line 11 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the display 12. The connecting line 11 is electrically connected to the temperature sensor 9 and the pressure sensor 10.

[0021] It should be noted that by setting up the connection line 11 and the display 12, the data information monitored by the high-pressure gas chamber 8 and the temperature sensor 9 can be displayed on the display 12, so that the experimenters can more intuitively know the internal temperature and pressure.

[0022] In an optional embodiment: a first solenoid valve 7 is provided on the side wall of the first connecting pipe 6, and a second solenoid valve 14 is provided on the side wall of the second connecting pipe 13.

[0023] It should be noted that by setting the first solenoid valve 7 and the second solenoid valve 14, the opening and closing of the first connecting pipe 6 and the second connecting pipe 13 can be automatically controlled to prevent air leakage in the high-pressure air chamber 8 or the inelastic thick-skinned balloon 16 during the experiment, which would affect the final experimental data. Example

[0024] Please see Figure 1 - Figure 4 An experimental method for determining the specific heat ratio of gases in an isolated gas system includes the following steps: S1. Open the first solenoid valve 7 and the second solenoid valve 14 to purge the gas inside the inelastic thick-skinned balloon 16. S2. Close the second solenoid valve 14, fill the first solenoid valve 7 with gas through the air filling and vacuuming machine 5, then close the first connecting pipe 6 and record the pressure. S3. Open the second solenoid valve 14 to release air into the inelastic thick-skinned balloon 16 and record the pressure at the same time. S4. Substitute the recorded pressure and volume into the formula.

[0025] The heat capacity ratio of the gas being tested can then be determined.

[0026] Furthermore, any content not described in detail in this specification is existing technology known to those skilled in the art.

[0027] During operation, the first solenoid valve 7 and the second solenoid valve 14 are opened, and the inflation and degassing machine 5 is started. The inflation and degassing machine 5 extracts and discharges the gas inside the inelastic thick-skinned balloon 16 through the first connecting pipe 6, the high-pressure air chamber 8, and the second connecting pipe 13. Then, the second solenoid valve 14 is closed. At this moment, the inflation and degassing machine 5 fills the high-pressure air chamber 8 with gas through the first connecting pipe 6. Then, the first solenoid valve 7 is closed, allowing the gas inside the high-pressure air chamber 8 to form an independent gas system. The volume and pressure of the gas at this time are recorded. Then, the second solenoid valve 14 is opened to quickly release gas into the inelastic thick-skinned balloon 16. The gas release process is a rapid adiabatic process. The volume V´ of the rigid ellipsoidal shell is known. At this time, V1 + V´ = V2, where V2 is the volume of the gas after adiabatic expansion. The pressure P2 of the gas after expansion is recorded. Substituting P1, P2, V1, and V2 into the following formula, the specific heat ratio γ of the gas to be tested can be calculated. The experiment is completed.

[0028] By setting temperature sensor 9 and pressure sensor 10, the temperature and pressure inside high-pressure chamber 8 can be monitored in real time. By setting up the connection line 11 and the display 12, the data information monitored by the high-pressure chamber 8 and the temperature sensor 9 can be displayed on the display 12, so that the experimenters can more intuitively know the internal temperature and pressure. By setting the first solenoid valve 7 and the second solenoid valve 14, the opening and closing of the first connecting pipe 6 and the second connecting pipe 13 can be automatically controlled to prevent air leakage in the high-pressure air chamber 8 or the inelastic thick-skinned balloon 16 during the experiment, which would affect the final experimental data.

[0029] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0030] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An experimental apparatus for determining the specific heat ratio of a gas based on an isolated gas system, comprising a height base plate (1), characterized in that: The top of the height base plate (1) is fixedly connected to a first connecting rod (2), the top of the first connecting rod (2) is fixedly connected to an inflation and de-inflation unit (5), the side wall of the inflation and de-inflation unit (5) is connected to a first connecting pipe (6), one end of the first connecting pipe (6) is connected to a high-pressure air chamber (8), the high-pressure air chamber (8) is equipped with a temperature and pressure sensing device, the bottom of the high-pressure air chamber (8) is fixedly connected to a second connecting rod (3), the bottom of the second connecting rod (3) is fixedly connected to the top of the height base plate (1), the side wall of the high-pressure air chamber (8) is connected to a second connecting pipe (13), one end of the second connecting pipe (13) is connected to a non-elastic thick-skin balloon (16), the side wall of the non-elastic thick-skin balloon (16) is movably connected to a hard outer shell (15), the bottom of the hard outer shell (15) is fixedly connected to a third connecting rod (4), the bottom of the third connecting rod (4) is fixedly connected to the top of the height base plate (1).

2. The experimental apparatus for determining the specific heat ratio of a gas based on an isolated gas system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature and pressure sensing device includes a temperature sensor (9), the top of which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the high-pressure air chamber (8), and a pressure sensor (10) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the high-pressure air chamber (8).

3. The experimental apparatus for determining the specific heat ratio of a gas based on an isolated gas system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A display (12) is fixedly connected to the top of the high-pressure chamber (8), and a connecting line (11) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the display (12). The connecting line (11) is electrically connected to the temperature sensor (9) and the pressure sensor (10).

4. The experimental apparatus for determining the specific heat ratio of a gas based on an isolated gas system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first connecting pipe (6) is provided with a first solenoid valve (7) on its side wall, and the second connecting pipe (13) is provided with a second solenoid valve (14) on its side wall.

5. An experimental method for determining the specific heat ratio of a gas based on an isolated gas system, applied to the experimental apparatus for determining the specific heat ratio of a gas based on an isolated gas system as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Open the first solenoid valve (7) and the second solenoid valve (14) to empty the gas inside the inelastic thick-skinned balloon (16); S2. Close the second solenoid valve (14), fill the first solenoid valve (7) with gas through the air filling and vacuuming machine (5), then close the first connecting pipe (6) and record the pressure. S3. Open the second solenoid valve (14) to release air into the inelastic thick-skinned balloon (16) and record the pressure at the same time; S4. Substitute the recorded pressure and volume into the formula. Calculate the heat capacity ratio of the gas to be tested.

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