Multi-mode precursor ion treatment device and method for multi-stage dissociation mass spectrometry

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-mode precursor ion treatment device and method for multi-stage dissociation mass spectrometry, and relates to the technical field of cascade mass spectrometry, the multi-mode precursor ion treatment device comprises a precursor ion screening unit and a three-section type linear ion trap module; the three-section type linear ion trap module comprises a first section of linear ion trap, a second section of linear ion trap and a third section of linear ion trap; the precursor ion screening unit, the first linear ion trap, the second linear ion trap and the third linear ion trap are sequentially arranged along the ion transmission direction. The system has the advantages of being compact in structure, high in modularization degree, high in compatibility and suitable for the fields of proteomics, metabonomics, pharmaceutical analysis and the like, and the spectrogram information amount and the structural analysis capacity can be remarkably improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tandem mass spectrometry, and more particularly to a multi-mode precursor ion processing device and method for multi-stage dissociation mass spectrometry. BACKGROUND

[0002] Tandem mass spectrometry (MS / MS) is a multi-step mass spectrometry technique that includes at least two stages of mass analysis. In the first stage, target ions (precursor ions) are isolated after mass selection; then, these ions undergo ion-molecule reactions or energy excitation processes in the gas phase, and their mass can change due to chemical reactions or fragmentation behavior. The second stage of mass analysis is used to detect the product ions generated by these reactions or fragmentation, and the resulting fragment ions reflect the chemical structure of the precursor ions, thus having important application value in structural analysis, compound identification, and biological macromolecule sequencing. Compared with single-stage mass spectrometry, MS / MS can distinguish precursor ions with similar masses through characteristic fragment patterns, thereby providing higher qualitative and quantitative accuracy in complex matrices.

[0003] Currently commonly used ion dissociation methods mainly include: thermal energy dissociation, such as collision-induced dissociation (CID), high-energy collision-induced dissociation (HCD), infrared multiphoton dissociation (IRMPD); radical-driven, such as electron capture dissociation (ECD), electron transfer dissociation (ETD), electron-activated dissociation (EAD); and others, such as high-energy photon-driven, such as ultraviolet photodissociation (UVPD). However, these dissociation techniques are mostly distributed in different types of mass spectrometry platforms, and most instruments only support a single dissociation mechanism. For example, at present, for commercial instruments, ECD / ETD is mainly applied to FT-ICR systems, which are expensive and have a relatively low reaction rate; although CID is widely used, it easily causes loss of modification site information.

[0004] Currently, most of the tandem mass spectrometers on the market use a single fragmentation method or only for some specific fragmentation methods. For example, ECD is mainly used in FT-ICRMS, which is expensive and has high operation and maintenance costs. The shortcomings of ECD itself also limit its application. It is of great practical significance to compatibly apply ECD, CID and other activation / dissociation methods to ion trap mass analyzer modules with higher cost performance. Ion trap mass analyzer itself can form a time series or be combined with other mass analyzers to form a spatial series. Baba et al. realized the application of ECD in ion trap by injecting electrons along the central axis of the ion trap and applying a magnetic field of about 50 mT parallel to the axial direction to limit the axial movement of the electrons. The shortcomings are that the transmission efficiency of the electrons is low (about 5%) and the transmission efficiency of the ions is also low (about 0.25%). Silivra realized the application of ECD in 3D ion trap by magnetizing the electrons and injecting them in phase. The shortcomings are that the electron energy is still high, which leads to excessive dissociation of some precursor ions. Ding Li et al. do not use a magnetic field, but use a digital ion trap. The DC level is switched, the electric field is constant in the microsecond time window, and the electron energy is controllable. However, due to the use of 3D ion trap, there is a low mass cutoff, and it is impossible to view fragment ions smaller than c5. Ni et al. theoretically simulated the realization of ECD in linear ion trap through ion optics simulation. By applying a time-varying compensation voltage to the cathode, high-efficiency ECD is realized. The shortcomings are that there may be some difficulties in practical use.

[0005] The commercially available Omnitrap system uses 9-stage linear ion trap and is equipped with plasma source, electron source, ultraviolet light source, infrared light source, etc. It integrates CID, ECD, EID, HAD, IRPD, UVPD, IAD, etc. However, the structure and function are complex, the cost is high, and the signal sensitivity and stability are limited.

[0006] In summary, there is an urgent need for a linear ion trap device that is compatible with multiple ion dissociation mechanisms, modular design, scalable, easy to integrate, and can be used with different mass analyzers to achieve efficient and flexible multi-stage dissociation mass spectrometry.

[0007] The preceding description is to provide general background information and does not necessarily constitute prior art. SUMMARY

[0008] The purpose of the present application is to provide a multi-mode precursor ion processing device and method for multi-stage dissociation mass spectrometry, which can integrate multiple ion dissociation mechanisms on a single platform, realize multi-energy and multi-mode excitation and dissociation of precursor ions, and flexibly switch or combine different fragmentation methods to obtain more abundant structural information and significantly improve the spectral information amount and structural analysis capability.

[0009] This invention provides a multi-mode precursor ion processing device for multi-stage dissociation mass spectrometry analysis, including a precursor ion screening unit and a three-segment linear ion trap module; the three-segment linear ion trap module includes a first linear ion trap, a second linear ion trap, and a third linear ion trap; the precursor ion screening unit, the first linear ion trap, the second linear ion trap, and the third linear ion trap are arranged sequentially along the ion transport direction.

[0010] Furthermore, the first linear ion trap, the second linear ion trap, and the third linear ion trap are all cylindrical rods or hyperboloid rods.

[0011] Furthermore, an inert gas inlet is provided on the first section of the linear ion trap.

[0012] Furthermore, an infrared irradiation window is provided in the radial direction of the first linear ion trap, and the infrared irradiation window is arranged opposite to the inert gas inlet or in an orthogonal direction.

[0013] Furthermore, an electron source or electron gun is provided on the second linear ion trap.

[0014] Furthermore, a reagent ion implantation interface is provided on the second linear ion trap.

[0015] Furthermore, an ultraviolet light incident window is provided on the second linear ion trap, and the ultraviolet light incident window and the reagent ion implantation interface are arranged opposite each other or in an orthogonal direction.

[0016] The present invention also provides a multi-mode precursor ion treatment method, wherein the multi-mode precursor ion treatment method is applied to the above-mentioned multi-mode precursor ion treatment device.

[0017] Furthermore, the method includes the following steps:

[0018] S1: Precursor ions are generated by an ion source and enter the precursor ion screening unit via an ion guidance system;

[0019] S2: Select the target precursor ion in the precursor ion screening unit;

[0020] S3: The precursor ions are sequentially introduced into the three-segment linear ion trap module;

[0021] S4: Infrared multiphoton or collision-induced dissociation is performed in the first linear ion trap;

[0022] S5: Electron- or high-energy ultraviolet photon-induced dissociation is performed in the second linear ion trap;

[0023] S6: Detect product ions in the second linear ion trap or connect an external mass analyzer.

[0024] S7: Output the generated product ions to the mass analyzer for detection and data acquisition.

[0025] Furthermore, steps S4 and S5 can be executed sequentially or in parallel.

[0026] The multi-mode precursor ion processing device for multi-stage dissociation mass spectrometry analysis provided by this invention has a compact structure, high modularity, and strong compatibility. It is applicable to fields such as proteomics, metabolomics, and drug analysis, and can significantly improve the amount of spectral information and structural resolution capabilities. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is an axial planar schematic diagram of the multi-mode precursor ion treatment device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A radial planar schematic diagram of the three-segment linear ion trap module of the multi-mode precursor ion processing device.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic flowchart of the multi-mode precursor ion treatment method provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the module of the serial time-of-flight quality analyzer provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the module of the serial Orbitrip quality analyzer provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0032] The reference numerals and components involved in the accompanying drawings are shown below:

[0033] 100. Precursor Ion Screening Unit

[0034] 200. Three-section linear ion trap module

[0035] 210. First segment of linear ion trap

[0036] 211. Inert gas inlet

[0037] 212. Infrared light irradiation window

[0038] 220. Second-stage linear ion trap

[0039] 221. Reagent Ion Implantation Interface

[0040] 222. Ultraviolet light incident window

[0041] 230. Third-segment linear ion trap

[0042] 300. Detector Detailed Implementation

[0043] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0044] The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," etc., used in the specification and claims of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] Figure 1 This is an axial planar schematic diagram of the multi-mode precursor ion treatment device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Please refer to... Figure 1 The multi-mode precursor ion processing device for multi-stage dissociation mass spectrometry analysis provided in this embodiment of the invention includes a precursor ion screening unit 100 and a three-segment linear ion trap module 200; the three-segment linear ion trap module 200 includes a first linear ion trap 210, a second linear ion trap 220 and a third linear ion trap 230; the precursor ion screening unit 100, the first linear ion trap 210, the second linear ion trap 220 and the third linear ion trap 230 are arranged sequentially along the ion transport direction.

[0047] It should be noted that the precursor ion screening unit 100 is used to select the mass-charge ratio (m / z) of the ion beam generated by the ion source to obtain the target precursor ion; the first linear ion trap 210 is used to realize collision-induced dissociation (CID / HCD) and infrared multiphoton dissociation (IRMPD); the second linear ion trap 220 is used to realize electron capture dissociation (ECD), electron transfer dissociation (ETD) or ultraviolet light-induced dissociation (UVPD); the third linear ion trap 230 is used to detect the product ions generated after dissociation, or to output them to an external mass analyzer after enrichment.

[0048] Specifically, the third linear ion trap 230 is used for ion cooling and focusing, and can be configured as a product ion detection region or an ion transport region; when the third linear ion trap 230 is used for product ion detection, a detector 300, such as a channel electron multiplier, is arranged in the radial direction.

[0049] The multi-mode precursor ion processing device of this invention can be connected in series with an external mass analyzer (including a time-of-flight mass analyzer (TOF), a Fourier transform ion cyclotron mass analyzer (FT-ICR), an electrostatic orbital trap mass analyzer (Orbitrap), a quadrupole, or other ion traps) to form a multi-stage cascade mass spectrometry system, enabling multi-stage mass spectrometry analysis in time or space. Furthermore, the device can be configured with an infrared light source, an ultraviolet light source, an electron gun, or a reagent ion implantation system to achieve multi-mode excitation and dissociation control, and can achieve automatic switching and combination between multiple modes through a programmable control system. The device can also be connected in series with a liquid chromatography (LC) system or an ESI / APCI ion source for cascade mass spectrometry analysis of multiple dissociation modes of target analytes in complex matrices.

[0050] The multi-mode precursor ion processing device for multi-stage dissociation mass spectrometry analysis provided by this invention has a compact structure, high modularity, and strong compatibility. It is applicable to fields such as proteomics, metabolomics, and drug analysis, and can significantly improve the amount of spectral information and structural resolution capabilities.

[0051] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A radial planar schematic diagram of the three-section linear ion trap module of the multi-mode precursor ion processing device. Please refer to... Figure 2 The first linear ion trap 210, the second linear ion trap 220 and the third linear ion trap 230 of the present invention are all in the shape of a round rod or a hyperboloid rod.

[0052] It should be noted that the three-segment linear ion trap adopts a circular rod or hyperboloid rod structure to obtain a more stable electric field distribution and higher ion capture efficiency.

[0053] Further reference Figure 1 The present invention provides an inert gas inlet 211 on the first linear ion trap 210; the inert gas inlet 211 is used to introduce inert gas, such as helium, nitrogen, argon, etc. to achieve collision-induced dissociation.

[0054] Further reference Figure 1 In addition, the present invention provides an infrared light irradiation window 212 in the radial direction of the first linear ion trap 210. The infrared light irradiation window 212 is arranged opposite to the inert gas inlet 211 or in an orthogonal direction. It should be noted that the infrared light irradiation window 212 is used to introduce infrared laser light to achieve infrared multiphoton dissociation.

[0055] Further reference Figure 1 The present invention provides an electron source or electron gun on the second linear ion trap 220; the electron source or electron gun is used to generate low-energy electrons to achieve electron capture and dissociation (ECD).

[0056] Further referenceFigure 1 The present invention provides a reagent ion implantation interface 221 on the second linear ion trap 220; used to introduce electron transfer reagent anions to achieve electron transfer dissociation (ETD).

[0057] Further reference Figure 1 In addition, the present invention provides an ultraviolet light incident window 222 on the second linear ion trap 220. The ultraviolet light incident window 222 and the reagent ion implantation interface 221 are arranged opposite to each other or in an orthogonal direction. The ultraviolet light incident window 222 is used to introduce high-energy ultraviolet laser to achieve ultraviolet light induced dissociation (UVPD).

[0058] Example 2

[0059] This embodiment provides a multi-mode precursor ion treatment method, which is applied to the multi-mode precursor ion treatment device in Embodiment 1.

[0060] Figure 3 This is a schematic flowchart of the multi-mode precursor ion treatment method provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Please refer to... Figure 3 The method provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0061] S1: Precursor ions are generated by an ion source and enter the precursor ion screening unit 100 via an ion guidance system.

[0062] S2: Select the target precursor ion in the precursor ion screening unit 100;

[0063] S3: The precursor ions are sequentially introduced into the three-segment linear ion trap module 200;

[0064] S4: Infrared multiphoton or collision-induced dissociation is performed in the first linear ion trap 210 to achieve CID / HCD or IRMPD dissociation method;

[0065] S5: Electron or high-energy ultraviolet photon induced dissociation is carried out in the second linear ion trap 220 to achieve ECD / ETD or UVPD pyrolysis method;

[0066] S6: Detect product ions in the second linear ion trap 220 or connect an external mass analyzer.

[0067] S7: Output the generated product ions to the mass analyzer for detection and data acquisition.

[0068] Furthermore, steps S4 and S5 in this embodiment can be executed sequentially or in parallel to achieve multi-mode combination dissociation.

[0069] Example 3

[0070] This embodiment provides a multi-mode precursor ion processing mass spectrometry system based on precursor ion screening and a three-segment ion trap.

[0071] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the tandem time-of-flight quality analyzer provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Please refer to... Figure 4 The system provided in this embodiment includes a liquid chromatography system (LC), an ion source (ESI / APCI), an ion guiding system, a precursor ion screening and three-segment ion trap unit, an ion modulation region, and a time-of-flight mass spectrometer (TOF).

[0072] Liquid chromatography (LC) systems are used to separate complex sample mixtures, allowing different components to sequentially enter the ion source. The ion source can employ electrospray ionization (ESI) or atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) to convert neutral molecules separated by chromatography into charged ions. The ions generated by the ion source first enter the ion guiding system, such as an electrostatic lens, a radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ), or an ion funnel, where the ion beam is effectively focused and transmitted to the precursor ion screening and three-stage ion trap unit.

[0073] The precursor ion screening unit can employ a linear ion trap or quadrupole structure to achieve the screening and enrichment of target precursor ions. The selected precursor ions then enter a three-stage ion trap unit. In this module, different ion excitation and dissociation methods can be selected according to analytical requirements, including collision-induced dissociation (CID), electron capture dissociation (ECD), electron transfer dissociation (ETD), or photodissociation (IRMPD / UVPD). The third ion trap is mainly used for ion enrichment and transport. This module can achieve multi-mode combination operation, enabling the same precursor ion to generate diverse fragment ions under different energy or reaction conditions, thereby improving the amount of spectral information and structural resolution. The fragment ions are bundled in the ion modulation region, modulating the ion beam into a thin, flat shape, and then injected into the time-of-flight mass spectrometer (TOF) after acceleration.

[0074] The Time-of-Flight (TOF) analyzer achieves high-resolution mass analysis based on the relationship between ion time of flight and mass-to-charge ratio (m / z), and the signal is recorded by a back-end detector (such as a microchannel plate MCP) to obtain the corresponding mass spectrum. Through this structure, this embodiment can achieve integrated operation of liquid phase separation, ionization, precursor ion screening, multi-mode ion dissociation, and high-resolution mass analysis. This system has significant advantages in proteomics analysis, especially suitable for the resolution of multi-level fragmentation structures of peptides. Using this device, CID and ETD fragmentation spectrum information can be obtained simultaneously, improving sequence coverage and the accuracy of modification site identification. Furthermore, this device can also be used for metabolomics, drug metabolism analysis, and structural characterization of complex multi-component samples.

[0075] Example 4

[0076] This embodiment provides a multi-mode precursor ion processing mass spectrometry system based on a three-segment ion trap, which is used in conjunction with an electrostatic orbital trap mass analyzer for high-resolution multi-stage dissociation mass spectrometry analysis.

[0077] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the module of the serial Orbitrip quality analyzer provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention. Please refer to... Figure 5 The system provided in this embodiment includes a liquid chromatography system (LC), an ion source (ESI / APCI), an ion guiding system, a precursor ion screening and three-stage ion trap unit, an ion modulation and injection system, and an Orbitrap mass analyzer.

[0078] In this process, after separation by liquid chromatography (LC), the sample is sequentially ionized in an ion source (ESI or APCI) to generate charged ions. The resulting ions are then focused and bundled by an ion guiding system and transported to a precursor ion screening unit. This unit can employ a quadrupole or linear ion trap structure to screen target precursor ions with a specific mass-to-charge ratio (m / z). The screened precursor ions then enter a three-segment linear ion trap unit, which is the core of this invention and can select various fragmentation modes according to experimental requirements. The first segment is used for collision-induced dissociation (CID / HCD) or infrared light-induced dissociation (IRMPD); the second segment is used for electron capture dissociation (ECD), electron transfer dissociation (ETD), or high-energy ultraviolet light-induced dissociation (UVPD); and the third segment is used for the capture, cooling, and enrichment of fragment ions. Different modes can be used individually or in combination to achieve comprehensive structural analysis of different types of biomolecules. After fragment ions are formed, the ion energy and timing are controlled by an ion modulation and injection system to precisely inject the ion packets into the Orbitrap analyzer.

[0079] The Orbitrap analyzer utilizes the relationship between the oscillation frequency of ions in an electrostatic field and their mass-to-charge ratio (m / z) for high-resolution mass measurement. The spectral signal obtained through Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) can be further analyzed into a high-precision mass spectrum, achieving sub-PPM level mass accuracy. Compared with time-of-flight mass spectrometry systems, the Orbitrap system has higher resolution and mass accuracy. Combined with the multi-mode precursor ion processing module of this invention, high-resolution fragment information under different dissociation modes can be obtained in a single analysis. For example, in proteomics analysis, high-abundance peptide fragment spectra can be obtained first through CID mode, and then ETD or UVPD modes can be used to supplement the modification sites and cross-linking structure information in the peptides, thereby achieving comprehensive structural characterization of proteins.

[0080] The system in this embodiment has a compact structure and a high degree of modularity. It can quickly switch with different types of quality analyzers through interface modules without changing the structure of the main analyzer, and has extremely high flexibility and versatility. It has broad application prospects in the fields of proteomics, post-translational modification research, drug metabolite analysis and complex sample structure analysis.

[0081] As can be seen from the above description, the advantages of this invention are:

[0082] 1. The multi-mode precursor ion processing device of this invention has a simple structure, small size, and is easy to modularly integrate. It adopts a modular design with a three-segment linear ion trap, which is simpler in structure and significantly smaller in size compared to traditional multi-stage mass analysis systems. Since the linear ion trap itself can achieve cascade operation (MSⁿ analysis) in the time dimension, multi-step fragmentation experiments can be completed without a complex multi-stage ion optical system, thereby reducing instrument complexity and manufacturing costs. Furthermore, the module of this invention can be flexibly connected in series with other types of mass analyzers (such as time-of-flight mass analyzers (TOF), Fourier transform ion cyclotron mass analyzers (FT-ICR), electrostatic orbital trap mass analyzers (Orbitrap), or other ion traps) to form a multi-stage mass spectrometry system in the spatial dimension. This structural compatibility and modularity enable the device to maintain high performance while possessing good cost-effectiveness and scalability, making it suitable for various application scenarios and instrument platforms.

[0083] 2. The multi-mode precursor ion processing device of the present invention has strong compatibility, making up for the shortcomings of single mass analyzer performance and single precursor ion processing mode; the three-segment linear ion trap module can support a variety of precursor ion processing methods, including collision-induced dissociation (CID / HCD), electron capture dissociation (ECD), electron transfer dissociation (ETD), infrared multiphoton dissociation (IRMPD) and ultraviolet light-induced dissociation (UVPD) and other modes. Users can select a single mode or a combination of multiple modes according to experimental needs, thereby realizing fragmentation experiments with different energy mechanisms in the same device, significantly improving the amount of spectral information and structural resolution capabilities. By using it in series with different types of mass analyzers, it can compensate for the limitations of a single analyzer in terms of mass resolution, mass range, or fragmentation mechanism, achieving high coverage and high sensitivity multi-stage mass spectrometry analysis. Therefore, this invention is not only applicable to bottom-up and top-down protein sequencing in proteomics, but can also be widely used in metabolomics, drug metabolism analysis, pesticide residue detection, materials chemistry analysis, and other fields. While maintaining high flexibility, this device can also take into account the identification of modification sites of complex biomolecules and the accurate determination of small molecule structures, significantly expanding the application boundaries of mass spectrometers.

[0084] 3. The multi-mode precursor ion processing device of the present invention offers high cost-effectiveness. By integrating multiple ion excitation and fragmentation mechanisms into a single device, the present invention can automatically or manually switch different energy channels according to the analytical target, thereby improving fragmentation efficiency while maintaining high resolution. The multi-mode ion processing unit of this structure can simultaneously acquire multiple fragmentation spectrum information in a single scan, providing more comprehensive support for subsequent data analysis, sequence alignment, and quantitative analysis. Therefore, the present invention achieves an excellent balance between performance, flexibility, and cost control, and has broad market application prospects and scientific research promotion value.

[0085] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A multi-mode precursor ion processing device for multi-stage dissociation mass spectrometry analysis, characterized in that, It includes a precursor ion screening unit (100) and a three-section linear ion trap module (200). The three-segment linear ion trap module (200) includes a first linear ion trap (210), a second linear ion trap (220), and a third linear ion trap (230). The precursor ion screening unit (100), the first linear ion trap (210), the second linear ion trap (220), and the third linear ion trap (230) are arranged sequentially along the ion transport direction.

2. The multi-mode precursor ion processing device for multi-stage dissociation mass spectrometry analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first linear ion trap (210), the second linear ion trap (220) and the third linear ion trap (230) are all cylindrical rods or hyperboloid rods.

3. The multi-mode precursor ion processing device for multi-stage dissociation mass spectrometry analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, An inert gas inlet (211) is provided on the first section of the linear ion trap (210).

4. The multi-mode precursor ion processing device for multi-stage dissociation mass spectrometry analysis according to claim 3, characterized in that, An infrared irradiation window (212) is also provided in the radial direction of the first linear ion trap (210). The infrared irradiation window (212) is arranged opposite to the inert gas inlet (211) or in an orthogonal direction.

5. The multi-mode precursor ion processing device for multi-stage dissociation mass spectrometry analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, An electron source or electron gun is provided on the second linear ion trap (220).

6. The multi-mode precursor ion processing device for multi-stage dissociation mass spectrometry analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, A reagent ion implantation interface (221) is provided on the second linear ion trap (220).

7. The multi-mode precursor ion processing device for multi-stage dissociation mass spectrometry analysis according to claim 6, characterized in that, An ultraviolet light incident window (222) is also provided on the second linear ion trap (220). The ultraviolet light incident window (222) and the reagent ion implantation interface (221) are arranged opposite to each other or in an orthogonal direction.

8. A multi-mode precursor ion treatment method, characterized in that, The multimode precursor ion treatment method is applied to the multimode precursor ion treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1-7.

9. The multi-mode precursor ion treatment method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: S1: Precursor ions are generated by an ion source and enter the precursor ion screening unit (100) via an ion guidance system. S2: Select the target precursor ion in the precursor ion screening unit (100); S3: The precursor ions are sequentially introduced into the three-segment linear ion trap module (200). S4: Infrared multiphoton or collision-induced dissociation is performed in the first linear ion trap (210); S5: Electron- or high-energy ultraviolet photon-induced dissociation is performed in the second linear ion trap (220); S6: Detect product ions in the second linear ion trap (220) or connect an external mass analyzer; S7: Output the generated product ions to the mass analyzer for detection and data acquisition.

10. The multi-mode precursor ion treatment method according to claim 9, characterized in that, Steps S4 and S5 can be executed sequentially or in parallel.

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