Circuit protection equipment replacement device and equipment replacement method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power transformation protection replacement, in particular to a circuit protection equipment replacement device and method. The TD module is used for providing circuit protection when old equipment is dismounted and the FD module is replaced; the FD module serves as new circuit protection equipment and replaces old equipment in an old circuit system; the SCB module is used as a simulation circuit breaker to control the opening and closing of circuits between the TD module and the debugging module and between the FD module and the debugging module; and the debugging module is used for testing the TD module and the FD module. According to the method, three-body closed-loop hardware is in the loop, action logic, phase and time sequence full-link cooperative verification of new and old devices in a real fault scene is completed in advance, and system-level cooperation hidden dangers are eliminated; on the basis of an intelligent switching terminal which is switched on first and then switched off, electrified seamless reconstruction of a secondary circuit is realized, and traditional manual rerouting risks such as CT open circuit, PT short circuit and mis-tripping are completely eradicated. And shadow protection collaborative deduction is introduced, so that the new device completes actual combat strategy optimization and performance verification in real power grid disturbance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of substation protection replacement technology, and in particular to a circuit protection equipment replacement device and equipment replacement method. Background Technology

[0002] The replacement process for existing relay protection equipment typically takes several hours to several days. During this period, the equipment is in a state of degraded operation with no main protection or only backup protection, which poses a significant risk of power outage and substantial economic losses.

[0003] In existing technology, a "temporary parallel connection method for transition protection cabinets" has emerged. This involves temporarily deploying a fixed or mobile transition protection panel next to the bay to be modified. By manually reconnecting the secondary cables, the signals from the current transformer / voltage transformer and the tripping and closing circuits are temporarily switched to the transition protection panel. Once the new device has been debugged, it is switched back in the reverse direction. Although this method can reduce the power outage time to some extent, it still has the following prominent drawbacks.

[0004] At least one short-term power outage is still required to complete the switching of critical circuits, making it impossible to achieve a truly "zero-power-outage" replacement. Dynamic rewiring of secondary circuits relies entirely on manual operation, which carries high risks such as wiring errors, reverse polarity connections, and instantaneous open or short circuits in the output circuit. Before the new device is put into operation, only offline type tests or single hardware-in-the-loop simulations can be performed. There is a lack of closed-loop collaborative verification under real power grid conditions involving both new and old devices and transition systems. It is difficult to expose implicit inconsistencies in action logic, phase identification, and timing coordination in advance. The transition protection system only plays a "temporary replacement" role and cannot perform strategy pre-simulation and performance verification of the new device under real operating conditions.

[0005] Therefore, there is a need for a circuit protection equipment replacement device and method that adopts a "three-body closed-loop hardware-in-the-loop" approach to pre-compute the action logic, phase identification, and timing of the new and old devices under real fault scenarios, thereby eliminating potential system-level coordination problems at the source. This method relies on "connection-then-disconnection" intelligent transfer terminals to achieve seamless reconfiguration of the secondary circuit under energized conditions, completely eliminating the risks of traditional manual rewiring such as CT open circuit, PT short circuit, and false tripping. This would significantly improve the grid's continuous power supply capacity, operation and maintenance safety level, and intelligence level to meet the needs of existing scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by this invention is that it is impossible to achieve a truly “zero power outage” replacement, there are high risks such as wiring errors, reverse polarity connection, instantaneous open circuit or short circuit of the output circuit, it is difficult to expose the action logic in advance, and it is impossible to conduct strategy pre-simulation and performance verification of the new device under real operating environment.

[0007] The above-mentioned technical problems are solved by the following technical solution: This invention proposes a circuit protection device replacement device, which includes, The TD module is used to provide circuit protection when removing old equipment and replacing the FD module; The FD module, as a new circuit protection device, replaces old devices in old circuit systems; The SCB module is used to control the opening and closing of circuits between the TD module and the debugging module, and between the FD module and the debugging module, as well as the analog circuit breaker. The debugging module enables testing of the TD and FD modules.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the circuit protection device replacement device of the present invention: The TD module includes a cable group with dovetail clip ports and a cable group with a clamp-type current transformer. The cable group with dovetail clip ports is used for connection to parallel-connectable circuits; the cable group with clamp-type current transformer is used for connection to non-parallel-connectable circuits.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the circuit protection device replacement device of the present invention: The FD module is configured with cable groups featuring dovetail clip ports; Half of the cable group's ports are connected to the SCB module, and the other half are connected to the cabinet terminals.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the circuit protection device replacement device of the present invention: The SCB module includes at least twelve ports, with four ports forming a group that connect to the FD module cabinet terminals, the TD module, and the debugging module, respectively. The SCB module is equipped with a three-throw switch and connecting lines, which are connected to the TD module and the FD module respectively. The three-throw switches control the opening and closing of the circuit between the debugging module and the TD module and the FD module, as well as the opening and closing of the circuit between the cabinet terminals and the TD module and the FD module.

[0011] A method for replacing equipment includes the aforementioned circuit protection equipment replacement device, and, Step 1: Integration verification based on the three-body closed-loop hardware-in-the-loop architecture. Through the three-body closed-loop hardware-in-the-loop architecture, verify the consistency of action and physical reliability of the FD module and TD module under fault scenarios.

[0012] Step 2: Dynamic access to the secondary circuit is achieved through intelligent transfer terminals, and a multi-source health assessment model is constructed to quantitatively assess the health status of the old device, the new device, and the transition system. Step 3: Based on the shadow protection collaborative simulation hosted by the transition system, the transition system hosts the main protection responsibilities, and uses the shadow protection system of the new device to conduct strategy pre-simulation and collaborative comparison under real working conditions; Step 4: Seamless transfer of rights and responsibilities based on confidence-based arbitration. The confidence level of the three parties is assessed through a confidence-based arbitration mechanism to achieve a seamless transfer of control.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the equipment replacement method described in this invention: In step 1, the hardware-in-the-loop integration verification of the three-body closed loop includes: The CT / PT secondary signal is output through the digital twin power grid model in the real-time simulator and simultaneously fed to the FD module and TD module. The control commands of the FD module and TD module are collected and fed back to the simulator, and the consistency is quantitatively evaluated through the arbitration model. Arbitration model calculates overall consistency score Weight ,when When the target is met, the virtual circuit breaker is activated to achieve joint verification of the action logic, phase, and timing. This characterizes whether two devices make the same type of action decision under a specific fault. It is calculated by collecting the trip command enable signal and comparing the logic. A score of 1 indicates consistency, and a score of 0 indicates otherwise. exist When the value is 1, the tripping phase consistency is evaluated by parsing the phase code and comparing each bit with an XOR. A score of 1 indicates that they are completely identical, otherwise it is 0. Modeling using Gaussian functions: ; The difference between the timestamps of the two devices is σ, which is the acceptable time dispersion parameter. The calculation sequence of score S is a three-level progression, only when... Calculate when it is 1 Only when and Calculated when all are 1 .

[0014] The calculation sequence of score S is a three-level progression, only when... Calculate when it is 1 Only when and Calculated when all are 1 .

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the equipment replacement method described in this invention: Step 2, the dynamic access process based on intelligent transfer includes: The adapter terminal block used supports 64 channels and integrates a solid-state relay array, Hall effect current sensor and voltage detection unit. After the new path is established and confirmed, the old path is cut off to ensure that there is no open circuit in the CT secondary circuit and no short circuit in the PT secondary circuit. Each terminal is equipped with status monitoring and CAN bus communication to report on-off and off-line information in real time. Multi-source health assessment is performed with the TD module as the central hub, and data is collected and health index is calculated. .

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the equipment replacement method described in this invention: In step 3, during the shadow protection collaborative simulation process hosted by the TD module, By switching intelligent transfer terminals, the main protection responsibilities are transferred to the TD module, isolating the trip output of the old device while continuously monitoring its data; The new device's shadow protection system receives the same SV sample value and GOOSE signal, runs protection logic and superimposes model predictive control algorithm, and after deduces the optimal strategy for the next 200ms–500ms, compares it with the transition system strategy cycle by cycle to generate a difference report. Before execution, the managed process verifies the dual power supply connection, setting value fixation, GOOSE subscription integrity, and simulated circuit breaker feedback. If any of these conditions are not met, the process will stop and issue an alarm.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the equipment replacement method described in this invention: In step 4, during the seamless transfer of responsibilities based on confidence-based arbitration, The arbitration center comprehensively evaluated the operational stability confidence level of the TD module, the superiority confidence level of the new device's shadow strategy, and the system-level readiness of the platform, set a total confidence threshold, and calculated the total confidence level C. final : When C final The handover is triggered when the threshold is reached.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: It employs a "three-body closed-loop hardware-in-the-loop" approach to pre-compile full-link collaborative verification of the action logic, phase differentiation, and timing of both new and old devices under real fault scenarios, eliminating system-level coordination risks at the root; relying on "connect-then-disconnect" intelligent transfer terminals, it achieves seamless reconfiguration of the secondary circuit under energized conditions, completely eliminating the risks of traditional manual rewiring such as CT open circuits, PT short circuits, and false tripping; and it introduces shadow protection collaborative simulation, enabling the new device to complete practical strategy optimization and performance verification under real power grid disturbances. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below only relate to some embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0020] Figure 1 A connection architecture diagram of the circuit protection device replacement apparatus of the present invention is shown.

[0021] Figure 2 A flowchart of the device replacement method of the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0023] The terminology used in this invention refers to those general terms currently widely used in the art in consideration of the functionality of the invention; however, these terms may vary according to the intent of those skilled in the art, precedent, or new techniques. Furthermore, specific terms may be chosen independently, and in such cases, their detailed meanings will be described in the detailed description of the invention. Therefore, the terminology used in this specification should not be construed as simple names, but rather based on the meaning of the terms and the overall description of the invention.

[0024] Reference Figure 1 This embodiment provides a circuit protection device replacement device.

[0025] This embodiment discloses a circuit protection equipment replacement device, which is mainly used in the renovation of substation relay protection equipment or integrated automation system, and is suitable for the replacement of 10kV feeder protection equipment.

[0026] The entire system, through the introduction of a transition protection mechanism and simulated switching control, enables uninterrupted replacement of circuit protection equipment, avoiding power outages and grid operation risks caused by power failures during traditional upgrades. The system includes TD module 1 as a transitional protection device, FD module 2 as a new circuit protection device, SCB module 3 as a simulated circuit breaker, and commissioning module 4.

[0027] TD module 1 is used to implement circuit protection during the removal of old circuit protection equipment and the replacement of FD module 2. FD module 2, as a new circuit protection device, is used to replace the old circuit protection device in the old circuit system. Debug module 4 is used to test TD module 1 and FD module 2. SCB module 3, as a simulated circuit breaker, is used to control the opening and closing of the circuit between TD module 1 and debug module 4, as well as the opening and closing of the circuit between FD module 2 and debug module 4. At the same time, SCB module 3 is also used to control the opening and closing of TD module 1 and cabinet terminal 5, as well as the opening and closing of FD module 2 and cabinet terminal 5.

[0028] During the replacement process, TD module 1 and FD module 2 are first pre-tested using debugging module 4 to ensure they meet the operating conditions of the existing circuit. Then, SCB module 3 simulates the circuit breaker function to achieve seamless switching between TD module 1 and FD module 2, avoiding the loss of protection functions. In specific operation, TD module 1 temporarily assumes the responsibility of circuit protection during the transition period, maintaining the continuous operation of the primary equipment. After FD module 2 is installed, it is gradually connected to the circuit through SCB module 3, and officially put into use after testing and confirming no faults. This design not only solves the power outage problem caused by the traditional replacement requiring a power outage to remove the old equipment, but also improves system compatibility and reliability through real-time monitoring and debugging mechanisms.

[0029] As one embodiment provided, such as Figure 1 , SCB module 3 is connected to FD module 2, cabinet terminal 5, TD module 1 and debugging module 4 through at least twelve ports, with each group of four ports corresponding to the above modules.

[0030] The specific port groups are as follows: the first group of four ports connects to FD module 2 and is used to transmit current and voltage sampling signals and control commands; the second group of four ports connects to the cabinet terminal 5 and is used to interface with the secondary circuit terminal of the substation cabinet to realize the access of actual power grid signals; the third group of four ports connects to TD module 1 and is used to transmit transition protection signals.

[0031] SCB module 3 internally includes two three-throw switches and eight connection lines. Four connection lines are connected to TD module 1 via corresponding ports, and the other four connection lines are connected to FD module 2 via corresponding ports. One three-throw switch connects to the port group of debugging module 4, used to selectively connect or disconnect the circuit between debugging module 4 and TD module 1 or FD module 2; the other three-throw switch connects to the port group of cabinet terminal 5, used to selectively connect or disconnect the circuit between cabinet terminal 5 and TD module 1 or FD module 2. Through the above port grouping and switch control, the device realizes a switchable circuit architecture between modules, ensuring uninterrupted circuit protection and connection flexibility during replacement.

[0032] The specific structure of TD module 1 includes four cables with dovetail clamp ports and four cables with clamp-type current transformers. The cables with dovetail clamp ports are used to connect to parallel-connectable circuits, and their connection to the cabinet terminal 5 or the debugging module 4 is achieved through the corresponding port group of SCB module 3. The cables with clamp-type current transformers are used to connect to non-parallel-connectable circuits, and their circuit opening and closing are also controlled by the ports and switches of SCB module 3.

[0033] The TD module 1, through this design, can be applied to both parallel and non-parallel circuits. In the 10kV feeder renovation, the clamp-type current transformer can be non-contactly clamped onto the current bus to collect signals, and the dovetail clamp port can be quickly inserted into the voltage terminal block to achieve non-intrusive access for transition protection.

[0034] TD module 1 temporarily provides overcurrent, overvoltage, and grounding protection functions when old equipment is removed, ensuring the safe operation of primary equipment in a state without master protection.

[0035] FD module 2, as a new circuit protection device, includes eight cables with dovetail clip ports. Four of the dovetail clip ports are used to connect to the corresponding port groups of SCB module 3 to achieve switchable connection with debugging module 4 or cabinet terminal 5. The other four dovetail clip ports are used to directly connect to cabinet terminal 5 to form a permanent circuit path after replacement.

[0036] During installation, FD module 2 is first connected to debugging module 4 via SCB module 3 for stand-alone testing. After passing the test, it is gradually switched to cabinet terminal 5. In practical applications, the four ports connected to SCB module 3 are used for temporary signal routing, while the ports directly connected to cabinet terminal 5 are used for final fixed access, ensuring seamless compatibility of the system with the existing power grid after replacement.

[0037] Debugging module 4 is a portable testing device, including a signal generator, oscilloscope, and protocol analyzer, used for comprehensive testing of TD module 1 and FD module 2. Debugging module 4 can simulate typical fault scenarios, feed test signals through SCB module 3, and collect module responses to verify physical reliability and logical consistency. During the pre-modification preparation phase, debugging module 4 sequentially connects FD module 2 and TD module 1 through SCB module 3 for item-by-item debugging, while simultaneously placing FD module 2 and TD module 1 into maintenance mode.

[0038] The debugging module 4 also supports a data comparison function, which compares the sampled values ​​of the TD module 1 and the FD module 2 to determine the accuracy of the data of the FD module 2. If the deviation exceeds the threshold, it will trigger re-debugging.

[0039] Terminal 5 of the control panel serves as the interface between the device and the substation control panel, representing the existing secondary circuit terminal block, including current terminals, voltage terminals, control terminals, and signal terminals. Through the control of SCB module 3, terminal 5 can be dynamically connected to TD module 1 or FD module 2, ensuring continuous transmission of protection signals during replacement.

[0040] As one embodiment provided, such as Figures 1-2 , The entire methodology comprises four main steps, utilizing circuit protection equipment replacement devices as the hardware foundation to achieve uninterrupted operation throughout the entire process from pre-verification to seamless handover. Step one is the integration verification based on a three-body closed-loop hardware-in-the-loop.

[0041] FD module 2 serves as the new protection device, and TD module 1 serves as the transitional protection system. The consistency of action and physical reliability of FD module 2 and TD module 1 under fault scenarios are verified. This step is performed offline and does not rely on the actual actions of primary equipment in the field, but the results can be directly mapped to the behavior of the real physical system.

[0042] In the architecture, the corresponding real-time simulator synchronously feeds consistent CT / PT secondary analog signals to FD module 2 and TD module 1, and receives trip control commands generated independently by the two.

[0043] After the trip control command is consistent with the arbitration model, it drives the virtual circuit breaker in the digital twin power grid. Verification covering typical fault scenarios requires at least several hundred tests to ensure consistency in action logic, phase consistency, and timing tolerances meet standards. If the consistency score meets the standard (threshold ≥ 0.95), physical reliability is confirmed; otherwise, re-debugging will be triggered. Step one can solve the problem that traditional offline testing cannot cover system-level interaction defects, providing reliability assurance for subsequent integration.

[0044] The arbitration model is embedded and can calculate the overall consistency score. ,in Score the action state. S_time is the score for the action phase, and S_time is the score for the action time.

[0045] , The threshold needs to be ≥0.95 to drive the virtual circuit breaker to perform joint verification of the action logic, phase and timing.

[0046] This characterizes whether two devices make the same type of action decision under a specific fault. It is calculated by collecting the trip command enable signal and comparing the logic. A score of 1 indicates consistency, and a score of 0 indicates otherwise. exist When the value is 1, the tripping phase consistency is evaluated by parsing the phase code and comparing each bit with an XOR. A score of 1 indicates that they are completely identical, otherwise it is 0. Modeling using Gaussian functions: ; The difference between the timestamps of the two devices is σ, which is the acceptable time dispersion parameter. The calculation sequence of score S is a three-level progression, only when... Calculate when it is 1 Only when and Calculated when all are 1 .

[0047] The calculation sequence of score S is a three-level progression, only when... Calculate when it is 1 Only when and Calculated when all are 1 .

[0048] in and These are the timestamps for the new protection device and the transition protection system from the moment the fault begins to the effective edge of their respective trip commands. The timestamp accuracy is not less than 1μs, and they are uniformly timed and marked by the high-precision clock built into the HIL simulator. The acceptable time dispersion parameter is set based on the statistical results of the dispersion of the protection device's action time. The typical value is 2ms, but it can also be dynamically configured to 1.5ms based on the action time standard deviation of ±1.5ms provided by the equipment manufacturer.

[0049] As a variant, the above function can be replaced with a truncated linear decay function: when hour, ;when hour, Furthermore, a temperature compensation factor can be introduced to... Dynamically corrected to ,in The temperature drift coefficient is 0.005 / ℃. This refers to the deviation of the ambient temperature from the nominal value by 25°C.

[0050] Weight , , Satisfy normalization constraints This can reflect the different priorities of different dimensions in collaborative reliability evaluation.

[0051] Emphasizing the consistency of action logic is the primary safety boundary; any conflict in action state constitutes a "veto" item. Emphasis is placed on the accuracy of fault isolation targets to prevent system oscillations caused by cross-phase malfunctions; By using time tolerance as an optimization dimension rather than a decisive one, policy flexibility is preserved while maintaining basic speed. As a variant, weights can be configured in a runtime adaptive mode: when the system is under heavy load... Automatically increasing to 0.3 can enhance the requirements for action synchronization; when CT saturation features are detected, Temporarily reduced to 0.1, then increased. At a level of 0.6, priority can be given to ensuring that no action is refused.

[0052] Through the above steps, a refined, continuous, and traceable assessment of the collaborative behavior of the new protection device and the transitional protection system during the hardware-in-the-loop verification phase is achieved. Because the comprehensive consistency score S integrates three orthogonal dimensions—action logic, action object, and action timing—and employs a computational architecture combining weighted summation and hierarchical gating, it can accurately identify implicit inconsistencies that cannot be covered by traditional single time-limit criteria.

[0053] For example, although both devices operate in phase and simultaneously, the time difference reaches 3.8ms (slightly exceeding the 5ms hard threshold). Under the Gaussian function, it can still obtain a score of about 0.27. Combined with the other two perfect scores, the total score can still reach 0.77, which is lower than the threshold of 0.95 and is judged as failing. This truly reflects the risk of response dispersion in the transient process. Another example is when the new device operates 1.2ms earlier due to algorithm optimization, while the transition system has a conservative delay. If the other two items are both 1, then The value is still below the threshold of 0.95, indicating that further calibration of the timing synchronization mechanism is needed. The entire mechanism fundamentally solves the problem that traditional hard threshold judgment methods cannot fully quantify the consistency of the behavior of two protection devices, and significantly improves the scientific nature, robustness, and engineering practicality of the integrated verification process during the uninterrupted replacement of substation protection equipment.

[0054] Step 2, based on intelligent switching for dynamic access and multi-source health assessment, utilizes the intelligent switching terminals integrated in SCB module 3 to achieve dynamic access to the secondary circuit and construct a multi-source health assessment model. This model enables quantitative assessment of the health status of the old device, FD module 2, and TD module 1. This process needs to be performed while the device is powered on to ensure uninterrupted power supply to the primary equipment.

[0055] The entire dynamic access system follows the principle of "connect first, disconnect later," employing a terminal block that supports 64 channels. It integrates a solid-state relay array, Hall effect current sensors, and voltage detection units, ensuring that the old path is only disconnected after the new path is established and confirmed, thus avoiding momentary interruptions or malfunctions. The evaluation model uses TD module 1 as the data fusion center, synchronously collecting multi-dimensional data to calculate the Health Index (HI).

[0056] in, , , Normalized health indices for old equipment, new equipment, and transition systems; weighting coefficients. , , It is not a fixed value, but is dynamically adjusted according to the device role: in the initial stage of access, , , It emphasizes that the transition system should dominate the assessment; after entering the shadow simulation phase, Increasing linearly to 0.5, It decreased to 0.4; during the final assessment before handover, , , .

[0057] Step 3 involves TD module 1 taking over the main protection responsibilities and utilizing the shadow protection system of FD module 2 to perform strategy simulation and collaborative comparison under real operating conditions. This step is executed under real power grid disturbances, with TD module 1 temporarily assuming the protection function, and the shadow system of FD module 2 receiving the same input signal, deriving the optimal strategy, and comparing it with TD module 1.

[0058] The new device's shadow protection system receives the same SV sample value and GOOSE signal, runs protection logic and superimposes model predictive control algorithm, and after deduces the optimal strategy for the next 200ms–500ms, compares it with the transition system strategy cycle by cycle to generate a difference report; before execution, the managed process verifies the dual power supply connection, setting value fixation, GOOSE subscription integrity and simulated circuit breaker feedback, and if any of them are not satisfied, it will stop and issue an alarm.

[0059] In step 4, the arbitration center comprehensively evaluates the operational stability confidence level of TD module 1, the superiority confidence level of the new device's shadow strategy, and the system-level readiness of the platform, sets a total confidence threshold, and calculates the total confidence level C. final : When C finalThe handover is triggered when the threshold is greater than or equal to 0.96. In this scheme, the threshold is set to 0.96, and the arbitration mechanism is upgraded to a multi-level gating system: Level 1 is the data integrity gating system, which ensures that the three parties collect data synchronously for more than 72 hours; Level 2 is the performance compliance gating system, which ensures that the new device's shadow strategy performs better than the transition system for 30 consecutive actions; Level 3 is the safety redundancy gating system, which automatically starts the transition system's hot standby channel and the new device's dual-channel cross-verification before the handover. If any gating fails, the handover is frozen.

[0060] Through the above-described steps, this application achieves zero power outage, zero risk, and zero awareness throughout the entire process of replacing substation protection equipment. By employing a three-body closed-loop hardware-in-the-loop verification approach, potential inconsistencies between the new device and the transition system in terms of fault identification, action timing, and logical coordination were exposed in advance, resolving the issue that traditional offline testing could not cover system-level interaction defects. A dynamic weighted three-party health assessment model was constructed, enabling quantitative understanding of the residual risks of the old device, the initial state of the new device, and the carrying capacity of the transition system. This resolved the problem of misjudging the overall state due to relying solely on single-device self-testing. Furthermore, the "connect-then-disconnect" structure and real-time status monitoring of the intelligent transfer terminal eliminated the risks of instantaneous current interruption and misoperation during the dynamic access process of the secondary circuit. Next, shadow protection collaborative simulation was implemented, allowing the new device to accumulate strategy optimization experience under real grid disturbances and verify its superior decision-making capabilities compared to existing protection systems, resolving the potential for maloperation / failure to operate caused by "theoretical" commissioning of the new device. Finally, the access reliability arbitration and seamless handover mechanism upgraded the transfer of control from manual experience-based judgment to data-driven automatic decision-making, resolving the technical bottlenecks of human error, response delays, and ambiguous responsibility during the handover process. Ultimately, these four steps constitute a rigorous and progressive technical closed loop.

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the methods and devices described in detail above are merely embodiments, and those skilled in the art can modify these embodiments in different ways as long as they do not depart from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A circuit protection device replacement device, characterized in that: include, The TD module (1) is used to provide circuit protection when removing old equipment and replacing the FD module (2); FD module (2), as a new circuit protection device, replaces the old device in the old circuit system; SCB module (3) serves as the circuit opening and closing mechanism between TD module (1) and debugging module (4) and FD module (2) and debugging module (4) for simulating circuit breaker control; The debugging module (4) performs tests on the TD module (1) and the FD module (2).

2. The circuit protection device replacement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The TD module (1) includes a cable group with dovetail clip ports and a cable group with a clamp-type current transformer; The cable group with dovetail clip ports is used for connection to parallel-connectable circuits; the cable group with clamp-type current transformer is used for connection to non-parallel-connectable circuits.

3. The circuit protection device replacement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: FD module (2) sets up cable groups with dovetail clip ports; Half of the cable group's ports are connected to the SCB module (3), and the other half are connected to the cabinet terminal (5).

4. The circuit protection device replacement device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The SCB module (3) includes at least twelve ports, with each group of four ports connected to the FD module (2), the cabinet terminal (5), the TD module (1), and the debugging module (4). The SCB module (3) is equipped with a three-throw switch and connecting lines, which are connected to the TD module (1) and the FD module (2) respectively. The three-throw switch controls the opening and closing of the circuit between the debugging module (4) and the TD module (1) and FD module (2), as well as the opening and closing of the circuit between the cabinet terminal (5) and the TD module (1) and FD module (2).

5. A method for replacing equipment, characterized in that, Including the circuit protection device replacement device as described in claim 4, and, Step 1: Based on the three-body closed-loop hardware-in-the-loop integration verification, the consistency of action and physical reliability of the FD module (2) and the TD module (1) under fault scenarios are verified through the three-body closed-loop hardware-in-the-loop architecture. Step 2: Dynamic access to the secondary circuit is achieved through intelligent transfer terminals, and a multi-source health assessment model is constructed to quantitatively assess the health status of the old device, FD module (2) and TD module (1). Step 3: Based on the shadow protection collaborative simulation hosted by TD module (1), the transition system hosts the main protection responsibilities, and uses the shadow protection system of FD module (2) to perform strategy pre-simulation and collaborative comparison under real working conditions; Step 4: Seamless transfer of rights and responsibilities based on confidence-based arbitration. The confidence level of the three parties is assessed through a confidence-based arbitration mechanism to achieve a seamless transfer of control.

6. The equipment replacement method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step 1, the hardware-in-the-loop integration verification of the three-body closed loop includes: The CT / PT secondary signal is output through the digital twin power grid model in the real-time simulator and simultaneously fed to the FD module (2) and TD module (1). The control commands of the FD module (2) and TD module (1) are collected and fed back to the simulator, and the consistency is quantitatively evaluated through the arbitration model. The arbitration model calculates the overall consistency score, with weights. ,when When the target is met, the virtual circuit breaker is activated to achieve joint verification of the action logic, phase, and timing. This characterizes whether two devices make the same type of action decision under a specific fault. It is calculated by collecting the trip command enable signal and comparing the logic. A score of 1 indicates consistency, and a score of 0 indicates otherwise. exist When the value is 1, the tripping phase consistency is evaluated by parsing the phase code and comparing each bit with an XOR. A score of 1 indicates that they are completely identical, otherwise it is 0. Modeling using Gaussian functions: ; The difference between the timestamps of the two devices is σ, which is the acceptable time dispersion parameter. The calculation sequence of score S is a three-level progression, only when... Calculate when it is 1 Only when and Calculated when all are 1 .

7. The equipment replacement method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S2, the dynamic access process based on intelligent transfer includes: The adapter terminal block used supports 64 channels and integrates a solid-state relay array, Hall effect current sensor and voltage detection unit. After the new path is established and confirmed, the old path is cut off to ensure that there is no open circuit in the CT secondary circuit and no short circuit in the PT secondary circuit. Each terminal is configured with status monitoring and CAN bus communication to report on-off and off-line information in real time. The TD module (1) serves as the central hub for multi-source health assessment, data collection, and health index calculation.

8. The equipment replacement method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S3, during the shadow protection collaborative simulation process hosted by the TD module (1), By switching the intelligent transfer terminal, the main protection responsibility is transferred to the TD module (1), isolating the old device trip output but continuously monitoring its data; The new device's shadow protection system receives the same SV sample value and GOOSE signal, runs protection logic and superimposes model predictive control algorithm, and after deduces the optimal strategy for the next 200ms–500ms, compares it with the transition system strategy cycle by cycle to generate a difference report. Before execution, the managed process verifies the dual power supply connection, setting value fixation, GOOSE subscription integrity, and simulated circuit breaker feedback. If any of these conditions are not met, the process will stop and issue an alarm.

9. The equipment replacement method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S4, during the seamless transfer of responsibilities based on confidence-based arbitration, The arbitration center comprehensively evaluates the operational stability confidence level of the TD module (1), the superiority confidence level of the new device's shadow strategy, and the system-level readiness of the platform, sets a total confidence threshold, and calculates the total confidence level C. final : When C final The handover is triggered when the threshold is reached.

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